Integrated equipment for simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants in flue gas

Abstract

The application discloses a flue gas multi-pollutant cooperative removal integrated equipment and relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment. The equipment comprises a purification tower, a flow guide pipe installed at the air inlet of the purification tower, and a plurality of partitions which are fixedly connected in the form of a sleeve ring inside the purification tower and divide the interior of the purification tower into a plurality of treatment bins. The annular treatment bin with gradient expansion can adapt to the dynamic change of flue gas pressure and load, realize self-adaptive regulation of load, reduce the consumption of reagents and the energy consumption of equipment, and avoid incomplete removal, flue gas short circuit and other problems caused by overloading of a single bin when only a single treatment bin is put into use at low load. When multiple bins are synchronously operated at high load, the removal requirements of different concentrations and different types of pollutants can be adapted through staged treatment, the gas-liquid contact effect can be optimized, the residence time of flue gas can be prolonged, the reaction interference between different pollutants can be avoided, and it is ensured that the removal processes of different pollutants are not affected and synchronously reach the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas treatment technology, specifically to an integrated device for the synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from industrial flue gas, existing flue gas purification equipment mostly adopts a single-volume purification chamber or a multi-chamber structure of equal volume, used to treat flue gas containing dust and other pollutants emitted from industrial boilers, kilns, etc. Industrial flue gas often contains a variety of pollutants, including trace heavy metals. Current technologies rely heavily on manual adjustment or simple pressure-triggered structures for flue gas diversion, lacking the ability to adapt to dynamic changes in flue gas pressure and load. Furthermore, existing equipment often employs a single treatment mode, failing to differentiate between pollutant concentrations and types, making it difficult to address both high-concentration, easily removed pollutants and low-concentration, difficult-to-remove pollutants. Currently, industrial flue gas is characterized by significant fluctuations in pressure and load. At low loads, the flue gas volume is small and pollutant concentrations are low, while at high loads, the flue gas volume is large and pollutant concentrations are high. The fixed-volume chamber structure of existing equipment cannot flexibly adapt to these fluctuating conditions, leading to high energy consumption, significant reagent waste, and problems such as single-chamber overload operation and unstable removal efficiency. This makes it difficult to meet the high-efficiency, energy-saving, and compliance requirements for industrial flue gas purification.

[0003] Existing flue gas purification equipment typically features single-volume or equal-volume chamber designs, which cannot adapt to dynamic changes in flue gas pressure and load. During low-load operation, all chambers must be activated, resulting in wasted reagent consumption and equipment energy. During high-load operation, single or multiple equal-volume chambers struggle to handle large volumes of flue gas, leading to incomplete removal and flue gas short-circuiting, and failing to achieve adaptive load adjustment. Furthermore, existing equipment does not classify pollutants or design appropriate treatment spaces based on pollutant concentration and type, resulting in poor gas-liquid contact, insufficient flue gas residence time, and potential interference between different types of pollutants, making it impossible to ensure simultaneous removal of all pollutants to meet standards. Simultaneously, existing chamber structures cannot accommodate flue gas treatment needs under varying loads, making it difficult to balance energy saving at low loads with achieving standards at high loads. This results in low overall equipment operating efficiency and insufficient practicality, failing to meet the purification requirements under complex and fluctuating industrial flue gas conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of existing flue gas purification equipment, which mostly have a single-volume or equal-volume chamber structure, making it unable to adapt to dynamic changes in flue gas pressure and load, failing to classify pollutants for treatment, and struggling to balance energy saving at low loads with compliance at high loads. This results in energy waste, poor removal efficiency, and the inability of various pollutants to meet standards simultaneously, leading to insufficient overall operating efficiency and practicality, and failing to meet the purification needs of complex and fluctuating industrial flue gas conditions. The invention provides an integrated equipment for the synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated device for the synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas, comprising: a purification tower and a guide pipe installed at the air inlet of the purification tower; multiple partitions, each partition being fixedly connected in a ring-like manner inside the purification tower to divide the interior of the purification tower into multiple treatment chambers; a pressure regulator located inside the guide pipe for diverting the gas entering the guide pipe, the pressure regulator including an annular piston block slidably connected to the inner side of the guide pipe, and multiple flow pipes installed at the air outlet of the guide pipe, each flow pipe corresponding to and communicating with one of the treatment chambers; and a swirling auxiliary component located inside each treatment chamber for causing the incoming gas to swirl.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the pressure regulator further includes a support ring fixedly connected to the inner side of the drainage tube, a first piston chamber is provided on the inner side of the support ring, a hydraulic damper is installed inside the first piston chamber, a piston ring is fixedly connected to the front end of the hydraulic damper, and the piston ring is fixedly connected to the annular piston block.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention, the size of the plurality of processing chambers increases sequentially from the inside to the outside.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the swirling auxiliary component includes a swirling disk fixedly connected to the inner side of each of the processing chambers, a plurality of fixed seats fixedly connected to the inner side of each of the swirling disks, and a swirling blade disposed on the inner side of each of the fixed seats, the plurality of swirling blades being distributed in a ring on the inner side of the swirling disk.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the tilt angle of the swirl blades on the inner side of the three processing chambers decreases sequentially from the innermost layer to the outermost layer.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the swirl auxiliary component further includes a connecting shaft fixedly connected to one end of the swirl blade, and one end of the connecting shaft extends through to the outside of the swirl disk and is fixedly connected to a bevel gear. The inner side of the purification tower and each of the partitions is rotatably connected to a bevel gear ring that meshes with the bevel gear.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: an annular seat is fixedly connected to the inner side of the purification tower and each of the partitions, a second piston chamber is opened on the inner side of each annular seat, an arc-shaped piston block is slidably connected to the inner side of the second piston chamber, a slider is fixedly connected to the front end of the arc-shaped piston block, an arc-shaped spring is installed between the second piston chamber and the arc-shaped piston block, and the slider is fixedly connected to the bevel gear ring.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the inner side of the annular seat is provided with a guide groove that matches the slider and the guide groove is connected to the second piston chamber, and each second piston chamber is connected to the first piston chamber through a liquid inlet pipe.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a metal heat-conducting plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the annular piston block, and a temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the back of the metal heat-conducting plate; a hydraulic cylinder is installed on the side wall of the drainage tube, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder extends through to the inside of the drainage tube and abuts against the end of the metal heat-conducting plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. This invention, by setting up a ring-shaped treatment chamber with gradient expansion, can adapt to dynamic changes in flue gas pressure and load, achieving adaptive load adjustment. Under low load, only a single treatment chamber is used, reducing reagent consumption and equipment energy consumption. Under high load, multiple chambers operate simultaneously, avoiding problems such as incomplete removal and flue gas short circuit caused by overloading of a single chamber. At the same time, through staged treatment, it adapts to the removal requirements of different concentrations and types of pollutants, optimizes the gas-liquid contact effect, extends the flue gas residence time, avoids reaction interference between different pollutants, and ensures that the removal processes of each pollutant do not affect each other and achieve simultaneous compliance.

[0016] 2. This invention, by setting up an adaptively adjustable swirl auxiliary component and utilizing a gradient design where the blade tilt angle decreases sequentially from the inside to the outside, precisely matches the swirl intensity with the flue gas velocity and pollutant treatment requirements of each treatment chamber, enhancing gas-liquid contact efficiency and avoiding uneven removal efficiency caused by a single swirl intensity; at the same time, through a hydraulically linked adaptive adjustment mechanism, the swirl intensity is dynamically changed with flue gas pressure and flow rate, adapting to flue gas load fluctuations, avoiding problems such as excessive pressure inside the tower and absorbent liquid escape caused by the superposition of strong swirl and high flow velocity, improving equipment operating stability and reducing manual maintenance costs;

[0017] 3. This invention sets up an adaptive flue gas temperature control structure, which, with the help of temperature detection and automatic linkage with PLC, actively pushes the annular piston block to move to achieve flue gas diversion when the flue gas temperature exceeds the standard. At the same time, it increases the amount of absorbent sprayed, supplements and optimizes the existing pressure diversion mechanism, effectively reduces the temperature load of a single treatment chamber, avoids the aging of equipment components and the decline in absorbent activity caused by high temperature, ensures stable pollutant removal effect under high temperature conditions, and improves the equipment's adaptability to flue gas temperature fluctuations. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the purification tower of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the drainage tube of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the purification tower of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the swirl auxiliary component structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing base structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the annular seat of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Purification tower; 2. Drain pipe; 3. Treatment chamber; 4. Swirl plate; 5. Baffle; 6. Annular piston block; 7. Flow pipe; 8. Piston ring; 9. Support ring; 10. First piston chamber; 11. Hydraulic damper; 12. Metal heat-conducting plate; 13. Temperature sensor; 14. Hydraulic cylinder; 15. Fixed seat; 16. Swirl blade; 17. Connecting shaft; 18. Bevel gear; 19. Annular seat; 20. Slider; 21. Bevel gear ring; 22. Arc-shaped piston block; 23. Arc-shaped spring; 24. Second piston chamber; 25. Inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," and "set up" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The following describes embodiments of the invention based on its overall structure.

[0030] Please see Figures 1-9This embodiment provides an integrated device for the synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas, including: a purification tower 1 and a diversion pipe 2 installed at the inlet of the purification tower 1. The diversion pipe 2 is made of a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant material (such as FRP fiberglass), and its diameter is adapted to the inlet of the purification tower 1 to ensure smooth flue gas introduction. Multiple baffles 5 are provided, each baffle 5 is fixedly connected to the inside of the purification tower 1 in a ring-like manner, and is fixed by welding to divide the inside of the purification tower 1 into 3-5 independent annular treatment chambers 3 (the specific number can be adjusted according to the actual flue gas treatment volume). A pressure regulator is integrated inside the diversion pipe 2. Its core function is to automatically divert the flow according to the flue gas inlet pressure to realize the adaptive entry and exit of the treatment chambers. Its specific structure includes an annular piston block 6 that is slidably connected to the inner side of the diversion pipe 2 (sealed and fitted with the inner wall of the diversion pipe 2, using polytetrafluoroethylene sealing material to reduce sliding friction). The pressure regulator also includes a support ring 9 fixedly connected to the inside of the diversion pipe 2, and a first piston chamber 10 opened on the inside of the support ring 9. The first piston chamber 10 is installed inside the first piston chamber 10, and a hydraulic damper 11 (model adapted to flue gas pressure range of 0.1-0.5MPa) is installed inside the first piston chamber 10. The front end of the hydraulic damper 11 is fixedly connected to a piston ring 8, and the piston ring 8 is fixedly connected to the annular piston block 6 to ensure that the displacement of the annular piston block 6 is stable and controllable. The size of the multiple treatment chambers 3 increases from the inside to the outside. The specific dimensions can be set as follows: the volume of the smallest central treatment chamber is 5-8m³, and the volume of the adjacent outer treatment chambers increases by 3-5m³ step by step to form a gradient expansion structure.

[0031] First, each treatment chamber 3 is equipped with pipes and nozzles for spraying absorbent. The installation method, connection structure and basic working principle of these pipes and nozzles are all existing mature technologies (such as conventional atomizing spray systems in industrial flue gas purification, where high-pressure atomizing nozzles are used to atomize the absorbent into tiny droplets, increasing the contact area with the flue gas). Therefore, this solution does not elaborate too much on these aspects, but focuses on explaining the linkage mechanism, technical effect and multi-pollutant synergistic removal logic of the cyclone auxiliary component and pressure regulator.

[0032] After the flue gas to be treated enters the equipment through the diversion pipe 2, the flue gas pressure is initially at a low level. At this time, the annular piston block 6 in the pressure regulator is in the initial position and is only connected to one flow pipe 7 corresponding to the middle treatment chamber 3. The flue gas will enter the inner side of the middle treatment chamber 3 through this flow pipe 7. The absorbent sprayed by the nozzle in the chamber will fully contact the flue gas to complete the initial pollutant removal treatment. When the flue gas pressure inside the diversion pipe 2 increases, the annular piston block 6 will be pushed into the diversion pipe 2 slowly under the action of the flue gas pressure. As the annular piston block 6 moves, the other flow pipes 7 that were originally closed will gradually connect with the diversion pipe 2, so that the flue gas with increased pressure can flow through these flow pipes 7 to different treatment chambers 3 for separate treatment, realizing the diversion and graded treatment of flue gas.

[0033] Because the size of the multiple treatment chambers 3 increases sequentially from the inside out, they adapt to dynamic changes in flue gas pressure and load, achieving adaptive load adjustment. Under low pressure and low load conditions, only the middle treatment chamber is used, eliminating the need to activate all chambers. This effectively reduces reagent consumption and equipment operating energy consumption, avoiding resource waste. When the pressure and load increase, multiple chambers are used simultaneously, with flue gas diverted to each chamber for individual treatment. This avoids problems such as incomplete removal and flue gas short-circuiting caused by overloading a single chamber, ensuring stable treatment results. Secondly, it achieves graded and synergistic removal of multiple pollutants. Combining the size differences of each treatment chamber with absorbents of different functions (compatible with existing technology), the middle treatment chamber has a moderate volume, allowing it to prioritize the treatment of high-concentration, easily removable pollutants in the flue gas (such as dust, etc.). The initial purification is completed; the treatment chambers, which gradually increase in size on the outside, have a larger volume and a longer flue gas residence time, and can specifically treat low-concentration, difficult-to-remove pollutants (such as...). (1) Trace amounts of mercury, etc., are treated in stages with different focuses to achieve simultaneous removal of different pollutants and achieve synergistic effects. Thirdly, the contact effect between flue gas and absorbent is optimized. The treatment chambers gradually increase in size from the inside to the outside, so that the flow rate of flue gas in each chamber gradually slows down. The larger the chamber, the longer the residence time of flue gas, the more sufficient the contact between absorbent and flue gas, and the more thorough the reaction. This further enhances the efficiency of synergistic removal of multiple pollutants. At the same time, the staged and diverted method can avoid reaction interference between different pollutants, ensuring that the removal process of each pollutant does not affect each other and achieves the standard simultaneously, ultimately achieving efficient synergistic removal of multiple pollutants in flue gas.

[0034] Please see Figures 2-9The swirl auxiliary component, as the core auxiliary structure for flue gas purification in this equipment, is installed inside each treatment chamber 3. Its core function is to create a swirl in the flue gas entering the treatment chamber 3. Its structural design is compatible with existing swirl-enhanced mass transfer technology in the field of flue gas purification. At the same time, it innovatively optimizes the existing swirl structure to address the pain points of inconvenient adjustment and inability to adapt to changes in flue gas load. The specific structure is as follows: The swirl auxiliary component includes a swirl disk 4 fixedly connected to the inside of each treatment chamber 3. The swirl disk 4 serves as the mounting carrier for the swirl blades and adopts a ring structure adapted to the inner wall of the treatment chamber 3. The connection stability is ensured by welding, which is in line with the basic design logic of "fixed carrier and movable blades" in existing swirl equipment. Multiple fixed seats 15 are fixedly connected to the inner side of each swirl disk 4. Each fixed seat 15 is provided with a swirl blade 16 on the inner side. Multiple swirl blades 16 are evenly distributed in a ring on the inner side of the swirl disk 4 to form a complete swirl channel. This distribution method refers to the existing arrangement process of ring swirl blades, which can ensure that a uniform and stable swirl is formed when the flue gas passes through, and avoid gas-liquid contact imbalance caused by uneven local swirl intensity.

[0035] The tilt angle of the swirl blades 16 inside the three treatment chambers 3 decreases sequentially from the innermost to the outermost layer. This design is not randomly set, but is a targeted optimization based on the existing graded purification technology and the structural characteristics of the treatment chambers being "small inside and large outside". In the existing multi-pollutant removal process of flue gas, the core logic of graded treatment is "pre-treatment of high-concentration pollutants in the inner layer and deep treatment of low-concentration pollutants in the outer layer". The corresponding flue gas velocity decreases as the volume of the treatment chamber increases (the inner treatment chamber has a small volume and a fast flue gas velocity; the outer treatment chamber has a large volume and a slow flue gas velocity). Based on this existing technological principle, the gradient setting of the swirl blade tilt angle is precisely matched with the flue gas velocity gradient—the tilt angle of the swirl blade directly determines the swirl intensity (it is well known in existing swirl technology that the larger the tilt angle, the greater the resistance encountered by the flue gas, and the stronger the swirl intensity; the smaller the tilt angle, the weaker the swirl intensity). Therefore, the inner treatment chamber is equipped with swirl blades with a large tilt angle, and the outer layer is equipped with swirl blades with a small tilt angle. This ensures that the swirl intensity in each treatment chamber is compatible with the flue gas velocity and pollutant treatment requirements, solving the technical defects of existing swirl structures with fixed angles that cannot be adapted to treatment chambers of different volumes.

[0036] The angle adjustment structure of the swirl auxiliary component, combined with existing hydraulic linkage control technology, achieves adaptive adjustment of the swirl intensity. Its specific linkage logic is as follows: The swirl auxiliary component also includes a connecting shaft 17 fixedly connected to one end of the swirl blade 16. The connecting shaft 17 and the fixed seat 15 are rotatably connected (referring to existing blade rotatable connection technology to ensure smooth rotation and good sealing). One end of the connecting shaft 17 extends through to the outside of the swirl disk 4 and is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 18. The inner sides of the purification tower 1 and each partition 5 are rotatably connected to a bevel gear ring 21 that meshes with the bevel gear 18. The meshing design of the bevel gear 18 and the bevel gear ring 21, referencing existing gear transmission technology, can achieve a linkage effect of "ring rotation → multi-blade synchronous rotation," ensuring that all swirl blades 16 in the same treatment chamber adjust their angles synchronously, avoiding swirl turbulence caused by single blade adjustment deviations. The inner sides of the purification tower 1 and each partition 5 are fixedly connected to an annular seat 1. 9. Each annular seat 19 has a second piston chamber 24 on its inner side. An arc-shaped piston block 22 is slidably connected to the inner side of the second piston chamber 24. A slider 20 is fixedly connected to the front end of the arc-shaped piston block 22. An arc-shaped spring 23 (using existing high-temperature resistant spring material, used for reset after hydraulic pressure relief, conforming to the design logic of existing hydraulic reset systems) is installed between the second piston chamber 24 and the arc-shaped piston block 22. The slider 20 is fixedly connected to the bevel gear ring 21. A guide groove matching the slider 20 is opened on the inner side of the annular seat 19 and the guide groove communicates with the second piston chamber 24. The guide groove is used to limit the movement trajectory of the slider 20, ensuring that the bevel gear ring 21 rotates smoothly and avoids deviation. Each second piston chamber 24 is connected to the first piston chamber 10 through an inlet pipe 25. The inlet pipe 25 uses a corrosion-resistant high-pressure pipe, referring to the existing hydraulic pipeline design, to ensure stable hydraulic oil delivery and realize the linkage between the pressure regulator and the swirl auxiliary component.

[0037] When the gas enters the treatment chamber 3, it is swirled by a set of inclined swirl blades 16. Combined with existing swirl-enhanced mass transfer technology, the swirl breaks the laminar flow between the flue gas and absorbent droplets, causing the flue gas to spiral upwards. This significantly increases the contact area and contact time between the absorbent droplets and the flue gas, reducing absorbent waste and promoting a full reaction between pollutants and absorbent, thus improving pollutant removal efficiency. This is a known technique in existing technology. However, this solution uses a progressively decreasing inclination angle of the swirl blades 16 on the inner sides of the three treatment chambers 3. This allows each treatment chamber to obtain an appropriate swirl intensity based on its own flue gas load and pollutant type during the gas pressure diversion process, avoiding uneven removal efficiency caused by a single swirl intensity. Specifically, the inner treatment chamber has a high flue gas velocity and needs to handle high concentrations of dust and... The strong swirling current generated by the steeply angled blades causes dust to collide and agglomerate, quickly being captured by the absorbent, while simultaneously enhancing... Neutralization reaction with absorbent; the flue gas flow rate in the middle layer treatment chamber is moderate and requires treatment. The moderate swirling flow generated by the blades with a medium tilt angle can ensure that the denitrification reducing agent is evenly mixed with the flue gas, avoiding local over- or under-reduction of reducing agent; the flue gas flow rate in the outer treatment chamber is slow and requires the treatment of trace amounts of difficult-to-remove pollutants such as mercury. The weak swirling flow generated by the blades with a small tilt angle can prevent absorbent droplets from being carried away by the airflow and escape, while extending the flue gas residence time to ensure that trace pollutants are fully adsorbed and to achieve multi-pollutant staged and synergistic removal.

[0038] As the annular piston block 6 moves inward toward the drain pipe 2, it squeezes the hydraulic damper 11 through the piston ring 8, simultaneously supplying the hydraulic oil inside the first piston chamber 10 into the second piston chamber 24 through multiple inlet pipes 25. The design of "simultaneous supply of liquid through multiple inlet pipes 25" is an innovative optimization of this solution based on existing hydraulic linkage technology. Existing technologies often use independent liquid supply adjustment, which can easily lead to problems such as asynchronous adjustment of the swirl vanes in each treatment chamber and flue gas deviation. Synchronous liquid supply can ensure that the swirl vanes 16 in the three treatment chambers adjust their angles synchronously, ensuring the consistency of the treatment effect of each treatment chamber. After the hydraulic oil enters the second piston chamber 24, it pushes the arc-shaped piston block 22 to slide along the second piston chamber 24. The arc-shaped piston block 22 drives the bevel gear ring 21 to rotate through the slider 20. Then, through the meshing action of the bevel gear 18 and the bevel gear ring 21, it drives the swirl blade 16 to rotate in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the tilt angle of the swirl blade 16. The core technical effect of this linkage adjustment is to achieve adaptive matching of "flue gas pressure → swirl intensity": when the flue gas pressure increases and the amount of flue gas diverted to each treatment chamber increases, the flue gas velocity increases synchronously. At this time, the swirl blade angle is reduced and the swirl intensity is weakened, which can avoid problems such as excessive pressure in the tower, liquid escape of absorbent, and increased energy consumption caused by the superposition of strong swirl and high velocity. At the same time, the swirl blade with a smaller angle can reduce airflow resistance, adapt to the flow of flue gas with a larger flow rate, and ensure stable operation of the equipment under high load conditions.

[0039] In the initial state, the tilt angle of the swirl blades 16 inside the three treatment chambers 3 decreases sequentially from the innermost to the outermost layer. Combined with subsequent adaptive adjustment, this forms a dual guarantee of "initial adaptation + dynamic adjustment," which not only conforms to the technical logic of existing staged purification but also solves the pain point that existing swirl structures cannot adapt to flue gas load fluctuations. This enhances gas-liquid contact efficiency. Through gradient swirl intensity design, it ensures that the flue gas and absorbent in each treatment chamber react fully, improving the removal efficiency of multiple pollutants. Compared with existing fixed-angle swirl structures, the removal efficiency can be improved. At the same time, it achieves load adaptive adjustment without manual intervention. Through hydraulic linkage, the swirl intensity dynamically changes with flue gas pressure and flow rate, adapting to the actual working conditions of large fluctuations in industrial flue gas load and reducing manual maintenance costs. It also improves the stability of equipment operation, avoiding problems such as airflow turbulence, excessive pressure, and liquid escape caused by mismatched swirl intensity, extending the service life of the equipment. Furthermore, through the synergy of staged swirl and staged treatment, it achieves efficient and coordinated removal of multiple pollutants.

[0040] Please see Figure 3 This equipment, based on the pressure regulator, adds an adaptive flue gas temperature control structure to address issues such as decreased purification efficiency and equipment damage caused by industrial flue gas temperature fluctuations. This structure design aligns with existing industrial flue gas temperature control and PLC automatic control technologies. The specific structure is as follows: A metal heat-conducting plate 12 is fixedly connected to the front end of the annular piston block 6. The metal heat-conducting plate 12 is made of a metal material with excellent thermal conductivity, such as copper alloy or aluminum alloy (referring to commonly used materials for existing temperature conduction components; it has a high thermal conductivity, is resistant to high temperatures, and can quickly transfer flue gas temperature). A temperature sensor 13 is fixedly connected to the back of the metal heat-conducting plate 12. The temperature sensor 13 uses… Existing industrial-grade high-temperature resistant sensors (such as the PT100 platinum resistance sensor) have a detection range that is compatible with the normal temperature range of industrial flue gas (80-250℃) and can accurately capture changes in flue gas temperature. A hydraulic cylinder 14 is installed on the side wall of the diversion pipe 2. The hydraulic cylinder 14 adopts an existing small high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, which has the characteristics of fast response speed and stable thrust. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 14 extends through to the inside of the diversion pipe 2 and abuts against the end of the metal heat-conducting plate 12, ensuring that the hydraulic cylinder 14 can stably push the annular piston block 6 to move when it is started. At the same time, a seal is provided at the connection between the diversion pipe 2 and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 14 to prevent flue gas leakage, which meets the existing sealing design specifications.

[0041] When the gas temperature entering the inlet pipe 2 and treatment chamber 3 rises to a preset limit (the preset temperature can be adjusted according to the flue gas purification process requirements; it is typically set to 180℃, exceeding which will lead to a decrease in absorbent activity and accelerated aging of equipment components), the circulating high-temperature flue gas will come into full contact with the metal heat-conducting plate 12. Due to the excellent thermal conductivity of the metal heat-conducting plate 12, it can quickly transfer the heat of the flue gas to the temperature sensor 13 fixed on its back. The temperature sensor 13 detects the temperature signal in real time, and when it detects that the temperature is too high (exceeding the preset threshold), it immediately transmits the abnormal temperature signal to the PLC controller (existing industrial-grade PLC controllers have signal...). The core functions of processing and command output can be linked with temperature sensors, hydraulic cylinders, and spray nozzle systems. After receiving an abnormal temperature signal, the PLC controller quickly completes logical judgment and outputs two synchronous control commands. On the one hand, it controls the hydraulic cylinder 14 to start, so that the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 14 actively pushes the metal heat-conducting plate 12, thereby driving the annular piston block 6 to move towards the inside of the diversion pipe 2, thereby opening the ventilation space corresponding to other flow pipes 7 and realizing the diversion and expansion of flue gas. On the other hand, the PLC controller synchronously controls the nozzles inside each processing chamber 3 to increase the amount of absorbent sprayed, ensuring the stable pollutant removal effect under high temperature conditions.

[0042] By linking the temperature sensor 13 with the PLC controller, the annular piston block 6 can be actively pushed to move when the temperature exceeds the standard, opening more ventilation space and diverting the high-temperature flue gas to multiple treatment chambers 3 for decentralized treatment. This reduces the temperature load of a single treatment chamber and avoids aging of equipment components and decrease in absorbent activity caused by local high temperature. This is a supplementary optimization to the existing pressure diversion mechanism and improves the equipment's adaptability to flue gas temperature fluctuations.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device for the synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas, characterized in that, include: Purification tower (1) and a drain pipe (2) installed at the air inlet of the purification tower (1); A partition (5) is provided, and each partition (5) is fixedly connected to the inside of the purification tower (1) in a ring-like manner, dividing the inside of the purification tower (1) into multiple processing chambers (3). A pressure regulator, located inside the drainage tube (2), is used to divert the gas entering the drainage tube (2). The pressure regulator includes an annular piston block (6) slidably connected to the inside of the drainage tube (2), and multiple flow tubes (7) installed at the outlet of the drainage tube (2), and each flow tube (7) is connected to a processing chamber (3). A swirling aid, located inside each of the processing chambers (3), is used to cause the incoming gas to swirl.

2. The integrated equipment for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulator also includes a support ring (9) fixedly connected to the inner side of the drainage tube (2). A first piston chamber (10) is provided on the inner side of the support ring (9). A hydraulic damper (11) is installed inside the first piston chamber (10). A piston ring (8) is fixedly connected to the front end of the hydraulic damper (11), and the piston ring (8) is fixedly connected to the annular piston block (6).

3. The integrated equipment for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the multiple processing chambers (3) increases sequentially from the inside to the outside.

4. The integrated equipment for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The swirling auxiliary component includes a swirling disk (4) fixedly connected to the inner side of each of the processing chambers (3). Each swirling disk (4) has multiple fixed seats (15) fixedly connected to its inner side. Each fixed seat (15) has a swirling blade (16) on its inner side. The multiple swirling blades (16) are arranged in a ring on the inner side of the swirling disk (4).

5. The integrated equipment for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tilt angle of the swirl blades (16) inside the three processing chambers (3) decreases sequentially from the innermost layer to the outermost layer.

6. The integrated equipment for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The swirl auxiliary component also includes a connecting shaft (17) fixedly connected to one end of the swirl blade (16), and one end of the connecting shaft (17) is fixedly connected to the outside of the swirl disk (4) with a bevel gear (18). The inner side of the purification tower (1) and each of the partitions (5) is rotatably connected with a bevel gear ring (21) that meshes with the bevel gear (18).

7. The integrated equipment for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas according to claim 6, characterized in that, An annular seat (19) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the purification tower (1) and each of the partitions (5). A second piston chamber (24) is opened on the inner side of each annular seat (19). An arc-shaped piston block (22) is slidably connected to the inner side of the second piston chamber (24). A slider (20) is fixedly connected to the front end of the arc-shaped piston block (22). An arc-shaped spring (23) is installed between the second piston chamber (24) and the arc-shaped piston block (22). The slider (20) is fixedly connected to the bevel gear ring (21).

8. The integrated equipment for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner side of the annular seat (19) is provided with a guide groove that matches the slider (20) and the guide groove is connected to the second piston chamber (24). Each second piston chamber (24) is connected to the first piston chamber (10) through a liquid inlet pipe (25).

9. The integrated equipment for synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas according to claim 7, characterized in that, The front end of the annular piston block (6) is fixedly connected to a metal heat-conducting plate (12), and the back of the metal heat-conducting plate (12) is fixedly connected to a temperature sensor (13). A hydraulic cylinder (14) is installed on the side wall of the drain pipe (2), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (14) extends through to the inside of the drain pipe (2) and abuts against the end of the metal heat-conducting plate (12).

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