Rotary cutter with multi-element composite cooling structure

Abstract

The application discloses a rotary cutter with a multi-element composite cooling structure, which comprises a clamping part and a cutting part fixedly connected along a central axis, the end face of the clamping part away from the cutting part is a clamping end face, the outer circumferential surface of the clamping part is a clamping circumferential surface, a transition surface is arranged between the clamping circumferential surface and the cutting part, the end face of the cutting part away from the clamping part is provided with a plurality of end cutting units, the circumferential side surface of the cutting part is provided with a plurality of side cutting units, a chip pocket is formed between adjacent side cutting units, a plurality of cooling channel groups are arranged in the clamping part and spaced apart around the central axis, the cooling channel group comprises an inner cooling channel and an outer cooling channel, one end of the inner cooling channel is communicated with the clamping circumferential surface, the other end of the inner cooling channel is communicated with the chip pocket, one end of the outer cooling channel is communicated with the clamping circumferential surface, and the other end of the outer cooling channel is communicated with the transition surface. The rotary cutter with the multi-element composite cooling structure has the advantages of improving chip breaking and discharging performance, machining efficiency and machining precision, and simultaneously improving light weight and vibration resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting tool technology, and more specifically to a rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for equipment performance in fields such as aerospace, the application of difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloys and nickel-based superalloys is becoming increasingly widespread. These materials are characterized by high hardness, low thermal conductivity, and high specific strength, leading to prominent problems such as high cutting temperatures, severe tool wear, and low machining efficiency during machining. As a key tool in metal cutting, the cooling performance and dynamic characteristics of rotary cutting tools directly affect machining quality and tool life.

[0003] When a cutting tool rotates at high speed, the intense friction between the cutting edge and the workpiece generates a large amount of cutting heat. If this heat is not cooled effectively and promptly, it will lead to accelerated tool wear and even chipping. Simultaneously, it will cause micro-cracks and a work-hardened layer on the workpiece surface, severely impacting machining accuracy and efficiency. Therefore, incorporating cooling channels inside the cutting tool to guide coolant directly to the cutting zone has become an important technical solution to these problems.

[0004] Existing cooling structures for rotary cutting tools have the following main shortcomings: Firstly, existing tool cooling channels are mostly single linear and / or simple spiral cooling hole structures, which are difficult to meet the differentiated requirements of different cutting parts for cooling medium flow rate, direction, and pressure in the overall tool layout. Due to the limitations of tool body forming, grinding, and other process conditions, conventional cooling structures can often only deliver coolant to a local location in the cutting zone, failing to achieve simultaneous and sufficient cooling of the end cutting unit and the side cutting unit. For milling tools, there are significant differences in cooling requirements between the end tooth cutting zone and the peripheral tooth cutting zone—end teeth bear a larger cutting load and have limited chip removal space, while peripheral teeth are more significantly affected by centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. A single type of cooling channel cannot meet the cooling effect of both.

[0005] Secondly, existing internally cooled cutting tools suffer from significant coolant delivery efficiency issues under high-speed rotation conditions. When the tool rotates at 2000-10000 rpm or even higher, the strong centrifugal force forces the coolant to accelerate radially outward after discharge, making it difficult to accurately reach the cutting area near the cutting edge. Even if some coolant manages to overcome centrifugal force and reach the cutting area, the water in the coolant evaporates instantly before reaching the high-temperature cutting edge, and the resulting vapor layer actually hinders the contact between the cooling medium and the cutting surface, greatly reducing cooling efficiency. Simultaneously, externally sprayed coolant is difficult to enter the cutting area under the high-pressure airflow generated by the high-speed rotation of the tool, resulting in very limited cooling effect.

[0006] Third, existing tool cooling structures have significant defects in terms of functional integration. On the one hand, the design of cooling channels often focuses only on cooling function, neglecting their important role in chip breaking and removal—lacking precise control over the flow direction, flow rate, and ejection angle of the cooling medium, it is difficult to achieve effective chip breaking and rapid chip removal. On the other hand, tools with cooling channels generally adopt a solid structure to meet rigidity requirements, resulting in heavy weight and high inertial load. This not only increases the requirements for the machine tool spindle drive power but also exacerbates the vibration tendency during the cutting process, further affecting machining accuracy and tool life.

[0007] To reduce tool weight and improve stiffness-to-weight ratio, researchers have attempted to incorporate interconnected arm structures into the tool (such as the cutting tool with interconnected arms for increasing stiffness-to-weight ratio disclosed in patent CN202180083118), or fill the tool with a metal lattice structure to improve damping performance. However, most existing lightweight structural designs focus on optimizing mechanical properties and fail to integrate the lightweight structure with the layout of cooling channels, making it difficult to achieve tool weight reduction while simultaneously ensuring a reasonable arrangement of coolant delivery paths. Furthermore, existing tool microtexturing technologies (such as the variable helical unequal pitch end mill with surface microtexturing disclosed in patent CN202210277337.1) mainly focus on optimizing the surface microstructure of the tool, and have not yet formed a technical solution that systematically integrates microtexturing with macroscopic cooling channels.

[0008] In summary, existing rotary cutting tools suffer from key technical bottlenecks in their cooling system design, such as the inability of the cooling medium to be effectively delivered to the cutting area, a significant decrease in cooling effect as the rotational speed increases, and a single function of the cooling channel without coordination with lightweight structures. There is an urgent need for a rotary cutting tool structure that can achieve multi-component composite cooling, precisely control the flow direction and spray angle of the cooling medium, and simultaneously take into account lightweight and vibration resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a rotary tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure that improves chip breaking and chip removal performance, machining efficiency and machining accuracy, while also improving lightweight and vibration resistance.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure includes a clamping part and a cutting part fixedly connected along a central axis. The end face of the clamping part away from the cutting part is designated as a clamping end face, and the outer peripheral surface of the clamping part is designated as a clamping peripheral surface. A transition surface is provided between the clamping peripheral surface and the cutting part. The end face of the cutting part away from the clamping part is provided with multiple end cutting units, and the peripheral surface of the cutting part is provided with multiple side cutting units. A chip groove is formed between adjacent side cutting units. The clamping part is provided with multiple sets of cooling channels arranged at intervals around the central axis. The cooling channel sets include inner cooling channels and outer cooling channels. One end of the inner cooling channel communicates with the clamping end face and the other end communicates with the chip groove, and is used to spray cooling medium into the chip groove to cool the side cutting units and accelerate chip removal from the chip groove. One end of the outer cooling channel communicates with the clamping end face and the other end communicates with the transition surface, and is used to spray cooling medium into the cutting part to cool the end cutting units and the side cutting units.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The cooling channel group also includes a core cooling channel, one end of which is connected to the clamping circumferential surface and the other end is connected to the transition surface near the tail of the side cutting unit, for spraying cooling medium onto the transition surface to accelerate chip removal from the transition surface.

[0012] Each cooling channel group has a textured rib platform formed between its inner and outer cooling channels. The clamping part forms an annular core platform on the inner side of the textured rib platform and an annular peripheral platform on the outer side of the textured rib platform. The core cooling channel is located at the center of the textured rib platform.

[0013] The inner cooling channel intersects with the clamping end face to form an inner textured recess, the outer cooling channel intersects with the clamping end face to form an outer textured recess, and the textured ribs intersect with the clamping end face to form a cross-shaped structure.

[0014] A central cooling channel runs through the center of the clamping part, and multiple slot cooling channels are provided on the inner wall of the chip groove, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the chip groove. The slot cooling channels connect the central cooling channel and the chip groove and are used to spray cooling medium into the chip groove to cool the side cutting unit.

[0015] The side cutting unit is provided with multiple side cooling channels arranged at intervals along its extension direction. The flank face of the side cutting unit is set as a side flank face. The side cooling channels connect the central cooling channel and the side flank face, and are used to spray cooling medium onto the side flank face to cool the side cutting unit.

[0016] The end-cutting unit is provided with multiple end-cooling channels. The flank face of the end-cutting unit is set as the end flank face. The end-cooling channels connect the side cooling channels and the end flank face, and are used to spray cooling medium onto the end flank face to cool the end-cutting unit.

[0017] The number of end cooling channels is M1, which satisfies: 2≤M1≤5.

[0018] The cross-sectional area of ​​the side cooling channel is s2', and the cross-sectional area of ​​the end cooling channel is s1, which should satisfy: 0.1s2'≤s1≤0.3s2'.

[0019] The cross-sectional area of ​​the central cooling channel is S, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the slot cooling channel is s2, satisfying: 0.05S≤s2, s2'≤0.2S.

[0020] The number of cooling channels in the tank is M2, and the number of side cooling channels is N2, satisfying: 3≤M2, N2≤10.

[0021] The cutting diameter of the cutting part is set as D, and the diameter of the core stage is set as d, satisfying: 0.2D≤d≤0.5D.

[0022] The number of cooling channel groups is set to M, and the number of textured ribs is set to N, satisfying: 2≤M=N≤8.

[0023] The internal cooling channel, external cooling channel, and core cooling channel all extend spirally around the central axis.

[0024] The helix angles of the inner cooling channel, outer cooling channel, and core cooling channel are α1, α2, and α3, respectively, satisfying: 15°≤α1, α2, α3≤40°, 1.1≤α1 / α3, α3 / α2≤1.5; or α1=α2=α3=0°.

[0025] Each of the side cutting units extends spirally around the central axis and connects with the end cutting unit in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0026] The helix angle of the side cutting unit is β, which should satisfy: 20°≤β≤50°, 10°≤β-α2≤20°; or β=0°.

[0027] The clamping part is made of cemented carbide, and the cutting part is made of diamond; or, the clamping part is made of mold steel, and the cutting part is made of cemented carbide; or, both the clamping part and the cutting part are made of cemented carbide.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: This invention relates to a rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure. The inner cooling channel sprays cooling medium into the chip groove to cool the side cutting unit and accelerate chip removal. Precise control of the cooling pressure, flow direction, and quantity of the inner cooling channel enables chip breaking and rapid removal from the chip groove. The outer cooling channel sprays cooling medium into the cutting section to cool the end cutting unit and side cutting unit. Precise control of the cooling pressure, flow direction, and quantity of the outer cooling channel enables rapid chip removal from the cutting section. The multi-component composite cooling structure formed by the inner and outer cooling channels, working synergistically, sprays cooling medium into the chip groove and cutting section to cool the end cutting unit and side cutting unit, and accelerates chip removal from the chip groove. This achieves multi-angle, targeted cooling of the cutting area, effectively solving the problem of cooling medium difficulty reaching the cutting area under high-speed rotation, greatly improving the tool's chip breaking and removal performance, machining efficiency, and machining accuracy. Furthermore, the hollow structure formed by each cooling channel group reduces weight and increases elasticity, effectively improving the lightweight and vibration resistance of the rotary cutting tool.

[0029] The rotary cutting tool of the present invention with a multi-component composite cooling structure further includes a central cooling channel, a groove cooling channel, a side cooling channel, and an end cooling channel. By spraying cooling medium, it achieves rapid discharge of chips radially upward from the transition surface, radial cutting cooling of the side cutting unit, endoscopic cutting cooling of the end cutting unit, and radial cutting cooling of the side cutting unit, respectively. This allows the cooling medium to flow circumferentially at different axial heights and phase angles in the cutting section, thereby improving the circumferential flow speed and discharge efficiency of chips. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective perspective view of a first embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a second perspective view of a first embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a front view of the first embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a right view of the first embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a main cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a front view of the second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a right view of a second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a main cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the third embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a front view of the third embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure of the present invention.

[0041] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Clamping part; 11. Clamping end face; 12. Clamping peripheral surface; 13. Transition surface; 14. Central cooling channel; 2. Cutting part; 21. End cutting unit; 22. Side cutting unit; 23. Chip groove; 24. Side flank face; 25. End flank face; 3. Cooling channel group; 31. Inner cooling channel; 32. Outer cooling channel; 33. Core cooling channel; 34. Groove cooling channel; 35. Side cooling channel; 36. End cooling channel; 4. Texture rib platform; 41. Core platform; 42. Peripheral platform; 5. Inner texture recess; 51. Outer texture recess; 6. Central shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] Example 1: Figures 1 to 5 This invention illustrates a first embodiment of a rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure. The rotary cutting tool of this embodiment includes a clamping portion 1 and a cutting portion 2 fixedly connected along a central axis 6. The end face of the clamping portion 1 away from the cutting portion 2 is designated as a clamping end face 11, and the outer peripheral surface of the clamping portion 1 is designated as a clamping peripheral surface 12. A transition surface 13 is provided between the clamping peripheral surface 12 and the cutting portion 2. The end face of the cutting portion 2 away from the clamping portion 1 is provided with multiple end cutting units 21, and the peripheral surface of the cutting portion 2 is provided with multiple side cutting units 22. Adjacent side cutting units 22 form a... The chip groove 23 and the clamping part 1 are provided with multiple sets of cooling channel groups 3 arranged at intervals around the central axis 6. The cooling channel group 3 includes an inner cooling channel 31 and an outer cooling channel 32. One end of the inner cooling channel 31 is connected to the clamping end face 11 and the other end is connected to the chip groove 23. It is used to spray cooling medium into the chip groove 23 to cool the side cutting unit 22 and accelerate the chip removal of the chip groove 23. One end of the outer cooling channel 32 is connected to the clamping end face 11 and the other end is connected to the transition surface 13. It is used to spray cooling medium into the cutting part 2 to cool the end cutting unit 21 and the side cutting unit 22.

[0047] This rotary cutting tool features a multi-dimensional composite cooling structure. The inner cooling channel 31 sprays cooling medium into the chip groove 23 to cool the side cutting unit 22 and accelerate chip removal from the chip groove 23. Precise control of the cooling pressure, flow direction, and quantity of the inner cooling channel 31 enables the breaking and rapid removal of chips from the chip groove 23. The outer cooling channel 32 sprays cooling medium into the cutting section 2 to cool the end cutting unit 21 and the side cutting unit 22. Precise control of the cooling pressure, flow direction, and quantity of the outer cooling channel 32 enables rapid chip removal from the cutting section 2. The inner and outer cooling channels 31 and 32 form a multi-dimensional composite cooling structure. Through the synergistic effect of these channels, cooling medium is sprayed into the chip groove 23 and the cutting section 2 to cool the end cutting unit 21 and the side cutting unit 22, and to accelerate chip removal from the chip groove 23. This achieves multi-angle, targeted cooling of the cutting area, effectively solving the problem of cooling medium difficulty reaching the cutting area under high-speed rotation, and greatly improving the tool's chip breaking and removal performance, machining efficiency, and machining accuracy. Furthermore, the weight reduction and elasticity enhancement effects of the hollow structure formed by each cooling channel group 3 effectively improve the lightweight and vibration resistance of the rotary cutting tool.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cooling channel group 3 also includes a core cooling channel 33. One end of the core cooling channel 33 is connected to the clamping peripheral surface 12, and the other end is connected to the transition surface 13 near the tail of the side cutting unit 22. It is used to spray cooling medium onto the transition surface 13 to accelerate the discharge of chips on the transition surface 13 and avoid secondary cutting.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a textured rib platform 4 is formed between the inner cooling channel 31 and the outer cooling channel 32 of each cooling channel group 3. The clamping part 1 forms an annular core platform 41 on the inner side of the textured rib platform 4 and an annular peripheral platform 42 on the outer side of the textured rib platform 4. The core cooling channel 33 is located at the center of the textured rib platform 4.

[0050] To achieve both lightweight and high rigidity while ensuring effective tool cooling, textured ribs 4 are formed between the inner cooling channel 31 and the outer cooling channel 32 in each cooling channel group 3. The clamping part 1 forms an annular core platform 41 inside the textured rib platform 4 and an annular peripheral platform 42 outside the textured rib platform 4. This "rib-platform" structure, similar to a truss in architecture, maximizes the overall rigidity of the tool while removing material to form cooling channels. In particular, the core cooling channel 33 is located at the center of the textured rib platform 4, ensuring precise core cooling.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the inner cooling channel 31 intersects with the clamping end face 11 to form an inner textured recess 5, the outer cooling channel 32 intersects with the clamping end face 11 to form an outer textured recess 51, and the textured rib 4 intersects with the clamping end face 11 to form a cross-shaped structure. This alternating layout of cross-shaped ribs and recesses further improves the vibration reduction performance and structural strength of the tool.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cooling medium sprayed from the transition surface 13 by the core cooling channel 33 is in the radial direction v3, the cooling medium sprayed from the transition surface 13 by the outer cooling channel 32 is in the direction v2 (the tangent direction of the extension trajectory of the outer cooling channel 32 at the outlet), and the cooling medium sprayed from the chip groove 23 by the inner cooling channel 31 is in the direction v1 (the perpendicular direction of the inner wall of the chip groove 23).

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a central cooling channel 14 extends through the center of the clamping part 1, and a plurality of slot cooling channels 34 are provided on the inner wall of the chip groove 23 at intervals along the extending direction of the chip groove 23. The slot cooling channels 34 connect the central cooling channel 14 and the chip groove 23 and are used to spray cooling medium into the chip groove 23 to cool the side cutting unit 22. High-pressure cooling medium is directly sprayed from the central cooling channel 14 into the chip groove 23 through the slot cooling channels 34, which can strongly cool the side cutting unit 22 and utilize hydraulic assistance for chip breaking and chip removal.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the side cutting unit 22 is provided with a plurality of side cooling channels 35 arranged at intervals along its extension direction. The flank face of the side cutting unit 22 is designated as a side flank face 24. The side cooling channels 35 connect the central cooling channel 14 and the side flank face 24, and are used to spray cooling medium onto the side flank face 24 to cool the side cutting unit 22. The cooling medium can be directly sprayed onto the critical friction area of ​​the side flank face 24, which greatly improves the cooling efficiency and reduces tool wear.

[0055] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the end-cutting unit 21 is provided with multiple end cooling channels 36, and the flank face of the end-cutting unit 21 is designated as the end flank face 25. The end cooling channels 36 connect the side cooling channels 35 and the end flank face 25, and are used to spray cooling medium onto the end flank face 25 to cool the end-cutting unit 21. After being diverted through the side cooling channels 35, the cooling medium accurately reaches the end flank face 25, achieving priority cooling of the end-cutting unit 21, which bears the maximum cutting load.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the cooling medium sprayed from the chip groove 23 by the groove cooling channel 34 is in the direction of v4 (vertical to the inner wall of the chip groove 23), the cooling medium sprayed from the side relief face 24 by the side cooling channel 35 is in the direction of v5 (vertical to the side relief face 24), and the cooling medium sprayed from the end relief face 25 by the end cooling channel 36 is in the direction of v6 (vertical to the end relief face 25).

[0057] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of end cooling channels 36 is M1, satisfying: 2≤M1≤5.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the side cooling channel 35 is s2', and the cross-sectional area of ​​the end cooling channel 36 is s1, which should satisfy: 0.1s2'≤s1≤0.3s2', which is beneficial to ensuring the precise cooling direction and cooling pressure of the end cutting unit 21 at different cutting speeds. Preferably, M1=3, s1=0.2s2'.

[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the central cooling channel 14 is S, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the slot cooling channel 34 is s2, satisfying: 0.05S≤s2, s2'≤0.2S. The number of slot cooling channels 34 is M2, and the number of side cooling channels 35 is N2, satisfying: 3≤M2, N2≤10, that is, 3≤M2≤10, 3≤N2≤10. This is beneficial for ensuring precise cooling direction and cooling pressure at different axial positions of the side cutting unit 22. Preferably, M2=N2=8, s2=s2'=0.08S.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cutting diameter of the cutting part 2 is set as D, and the diameter of the core stage 41 is set as d, satisfying: 0.2D≤d≤0.5D, which is beneficial to ensuring the lightweight and rigidity of the tool. Preferably, D=0.35d.

[0061] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of cooling channel groups 3 is set to M, and the number of textured ribs 4 is set to N, satisfying: 2≤M=N≤8, which is beneficial to ensuring tool strength and circumferential vibration resistance. Preferably, M=N=8.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner cooling channel 31, the outer cooling channel 32, and the core cooling channel 33 all extend spirally around the central axis 6.

[0063] Further, in this embodiment, the helix angles of the inner cooling channel 31, outer cooling channel 32, and core cooling channel 33 are α1, α2, and α3, respectively, satisfying: 15°≤α1, α2, α3≤40°, 1.2≤α1 / α3, α3 / α2≤1.5. Each side cutting unit 22 extends helically around the central axis 6 and corresponds to the end cutting unit 21. The helix angle of the side cutting unit 22 is β, which should satisfy: 20°≤β≤50°, 10°≤β-α2≤20°. This is beneficial for ensuring cooling of the lateral areas of the corresponding chip grooves 23 at the tail of the inner cooling channel 31, outer cooling channel 32, and core cooling channel 33, cooling of the cutting spiral of the cutting part 2, cooling of the lateral area of ​​the transition surface 13, and chip discharge performance. Preferably, α1=34°, α2=25°, α3=30°, β=38°.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the clamping part 1 is made of cemented carbide, and the cutting part 2 is made of diamond. Eight cooling channel groups 3 can be provided. Correspondingly, sixteen inner cooling channels 31 and sixteen outer cooling channels 32 are provided, and eight core cooling channels 33 are provided. Each cooling channel group 3 includes two inner cooling channels 31, two outer cooling channels 32, and one core cooling channel 33.

[0065] Example 2: Figures 6 to 9 This paper illustrates a second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to the present invention. The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the clamping part 1 is made of mold steel and the cutting part 2 is made of cemented carbide.

[0066] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cutting part 2 is welded to the clamping part 1. In order to improve the strength of the clamping part 1 and at the same time achieve the weight reduction and vibration resistance of the rotating tool, the cooling channel group 3 can be set to fewer groups, such as four groups. Correspondingly, eight inner cooling channels 31 and eight outer cooling channels 32 are set, and four core cooling channels 33 are set. Each cooling channel group 3 includes two inner cooling channels 31, two outer cooling channels 32 and one core cooling channel 33.

[0067] Further, in this embodiment, the following conditions should be met: 15°≤α1, α2, α3≤40°, 1.1≤α1 / α3, α3 / α2≤1.4, 20°≤β≤50°, 10°≤β-α2≤20°. Preferably, α1=39°, α2=28°, α3=32°, β=45°.

[0068] In this embodiment, the number of end cooling channels 36 is M1, which satisfies: 2≤M1≤5. Preferably, M1=3, s2=s2'=0.1S.

[0069] Example 3: Figure 10 and Figure 11 This paper illustrates a second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to the present invention. The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that both the clamping part 1 and the cutting part 2 are made of cemented carbide.

[0070] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cutting part 2 is an integral structure or welded to the clamping part 1. Preferably, α1=α2=α3=β=0°.

[0071] In the above embodiments, the rotary cutting tools are all applied to milling tools. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Depending on the cutting conditions of the tool, the tool can also be designed for drilling, boring, and other machining operations.

[0072] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure, comprising a clamping part (1) and a cutting part (2) fixedly connected along a central axis (6), wherein the end face of the clamping part (1) away from the cutting part (2) is designated as a clamping end face (11), the outer peripheral surface of the clamping part (1) is designated as a clamping peripheral surface (12), a transition surface (13) is provided between the clamping peripheral surface (12) and the cutting part (2), the end face of the cutting part (2) away from the clamping part (1) is provided with a plurality of end cutting units (21), the peripheral surface of the cutting part (2) is provided with a plurality of side cutting units (22), and a chip groove (23) is formed between adjacent side cutting units (22), characterized in that: The clamping part (1) is provided with multiple sets of cooling channel groups (3) arranged at intervals around the central axis (6). The cooling channel group (3) includes an inner cooling channel (31) and an outer cooling channel (32). One end of the inner cooling channel (31) is connected to the clamping end face (11) and the other end is connected to the chip groove (23). It is used to spray cooling medium into the chip groove (23) to cool the side cutting unit (22) and accelerate the chip removal of the chip groove (23). One end of the outer cooling channel (32) is connected to the clamping end face (11) and the other end is connected to the transition surface (13). It is used to spray cooling medium into the cutting part (2) to cool the end cutting unit (21) and the side cutting unit (22).

2. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling channel group (3) also includes a core cooling channel (33), one end of which is connected to the clamping peripheral surface (12) and the other end is connected to the transition surface (13) near the tail of the side cutting unit (22), for spraying cooling medium onto the transition surface (13) to accelerate chip removal from the transition surface (13).

3. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each cooling channel group (3) has a textured rib platform (4) formed between the inner cooling channel (31) and the outer cooling channel (32). The clamping part (1) forms an annular core platform (41) on the inner side of the textured rib platform (4) and an annular peripheral platform (42) on the outer side of the textured rib platform (4). The core cooling channel (33) is located at the center of the textured rib platform (4).

4. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner cooling channel (31) intersects with the clamping end face (11) to form an inner texture recess (5), the outer cooling channel (32) intersects with the clamping end face (11) to form an outer texture recess (51), and the texture rib (4) intersects with the clamping end face (11) to form a cross-shaped structure.

5. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping part (1) has a central cooling channel (14) through its center. The inner wall of the chip groove (23) is provided with a plurality of groove cooling channels (34) arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the chip groove (23). The groove cooling channels (34) connect the central cooling channel (14) and the chip groove (23) and are used to spray cooling medium into the chip groove (23) to cool the side cutting unit (22).

6. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side cutting unit (22) is provided with a plurality of side cooling channels (35) arranged at intervals along its extension direction. The flank face of the side cutting unit (22) is set as a side flank face (24). The side cooling channel (35) connects the central cooling channel (14) and the side flank face (24) for spraying cooling medium from the side flank face (24) to cool the side cutting unit (22).

7. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end cutting unit (21) is provided with multiple end cooling channels (36). The flank face of the end cutting unit (21) is set as the end flank face (25). The end cooling channel (36) connects the side cooling channel (35) and the end flank face (25) and is used to spray cooling medium onto the end flank face (25) to cool the end cutting unit (21).

8. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the end cooling channels (36) is M1, which satisfies: 2≤M1≤5.

9. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the side cooling channel (35) is s2' and the cross-sectional area of ​​the end cooling channel (36) is s1, which should satisfy: 0.1s2'≤s1≤0.3s2'.

10. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the central cooling channel (14) is S, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the slot cooling channel (34) is s2, satisfying: 0.05S≤s2, s2'≤0.2S.

11. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the tank cooling channels (34) is M2, and the number of the side cooling channels (35) is N2, satisfying: 3≤M2, N2≤10.

12. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutting diameter of the cutting part (2) is set to D, and the diameter of the core platform (41) is set to d, satisfying: 0.2D≤d≤0.5D.

13. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of cooling channel groups (3) is set to M, and the number of textured ribs (4) is set to N, satisfying: 2≤M=N≤8.

14. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner cooling channel (31), outer cooling channel (32) and core cooling channel (33) all extend spirally around the central axis (6).

15. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 14, characterized in that: The helix angles of the inner cooling channel (31), outer cooling channel (32) and core cooling channel (33) are α1, α2 and α3 respectively, satisfying: 15°≤α1, α2, α3≤40°, 1.1≤α1 / α3, α3 / α2≤1.5; Or α1=α2=α3=0°.

16. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 15, characterized in that: Each of the side cutting units (22) extends spirally around the central axis (6) and is connected to the end cutting unit (21) in a one-to-one correspondence.

17. The rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to claim 16, characterized in that: The helix angle of the side cutting unit (22) is β, which should satisfy: 20°≤β≤50°, 10°≤β-α2≤20°; or β=0°.

18. A rotary cutting tool with a multi-component composite cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: The clamping part (1) is made of cemented carbide, and the cutting part (2) is made of diamond; or, the clamping part (1) is made of mold steel, and the cutting part (2) is made of cemented carbide; or, both the clamping part (1) and the cutting part (2) are made of cemented carbide.

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