A double-boundary multi-factor micro-environment simulation experiment platform for building components

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of environment simulation experiment platform, and discloses a double-boundary multi-factor micro-environment simulation experiment platform for building components, comprising: a test piece cabin, which is open at opposite ends; an indoor environment simulation cabin and an outdoor environment simulation cabin, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the test piece cabin, and the indoor environment simulation cabin and the outdoor environment simulation cabin are open on the side facing the test piece cabin; the present application is aimed at the service characteristics of the significant difference between the indoor side and the outdoor side of the building component, and can apply independent environmental conditions to the two sides of the same test piece, so as to be closer to the actual environmental state in engineering. Compared with the traditional single-side loading or whole exposure test, the present application is more conducive to reflecting the response process of the building component under the combined action of the double-side environment, and improving the environmental reproducibility and the test reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental simulation experimental platform technology, specifically to a dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components. Background Technology

[0002] Building envelopes are subjected to the combined effects of indoor and outdoor environments during actual service. Their performance evolution is not only related to basic environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, but also affected by various external environmental factors such as solar radiation, wind, rainfall erosion, and salt spray corrosion. Especially for external wall insulation, doors and windows, curtain walls, prefabricated building envelope components, and related building materials, there are usually significant differences between the indoor and outdoor environmental boundary conditions, and the external environment often exhibits characteristics of multi-factor coupling. Therefore, constructing an experimental platform that can simultaneously and accurately control and simulate the boundary conditions on both sides of building components and can couple multiple environmental factors is of great significance for building envelope durability research, environmental adaptability evaluation, accelerated aging testing, and environmental simulation for engineering applications.

[0003] Existing building environment simulation devices or artificial climate testing equipment are mostly single-chamber structures, typically conducting overall environmental exposure tests on material samples or small-sized specimens. Their environmental effects are mostly concentrated on temperature and humidity control, one-way spraying, or single-irradiation loading. While such equipment can meet some basic testing needs, it is often difficult to simultaneously establish two independent environmental boundaries, one indoor and one outdoor, for building wall components. This makes it impossible to accurately reflect the stress, heat transfer, moisture transfer, and aging processes of building components under the combined effects of environmental differences on both sides during service.

[0004] On the other hand, existing test platforms also have shortcomings in terms of specimen adaptability. Some devices are only suitable for fixed-size specimens, making it difficult to accommodate the installation needs of large-size wall specimens, small-size local specimens, and specimens with different specifications. When the specimens are not fully arranged, the devices usually lack effective boundary compensation and sealing isolation structures, which can easily lead to crosstalk between the two sides of the environment, affecting the accuracy of environmental loading and the reliability of test results. In addition, for building wall specimens, especially external wall insulation specimens with a certain thickness and self-weight, existing equipment also has operational inconveniences in terms of in-situ specimen construction, insulation structure construction, chamber docking, disassembly and maintenance, making it difficult to meet the needs of engineering testing.

[0005] Meanwhile, the research needs for complex service environments of building components are constantly increasing, and single-factor environmental testing is no longer sufficient to meet the requirements of current research and engineering evaluation. Extreme natural environments such as high temperature, high humidity, high solar radiation, and wind and rain, special natural environments with high salinity in nearshore areas, and accelerated aging environments with multiple coupled factors all place higher demands on the environmental control capabilities, modular coordination capabilities, monitoring capabilities, and operational control capabilities of the test platform. Among existing equipment, devices that can integrate factors such as temperature, humidity, wind environment, light, spray, and salt spray on the same platform and construct mutually independent boundary conditions on both sides of the same building specimen are still rare. In particular, there is still room for improvement in multi-size specimen adaptation, residual area compensation filling, dual-chamber sealing isolation, and programmed combination control.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a multi-factor building environment simulation platform suitable for building wall specimens, in order to solve the problems in the existing technology, such as the difficulty in simulating the environment on both sides of the building specimen simultaneously and independently, the insufficient adaptability of specimens of different specifications, the difficulty in boundary isolation under non-full-width specimen conditions, and the limited ability to construct multi-factor coupled environments. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components, comprising:

[0009] The specimen compartment has its two opposite ends open.

[0010] An indoor environment simulation chamber and an outdoor environment simulation chamber are respectively located at both ends of the specimen chamber, and both the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber are open on the side facing the specimen chamber.

[0011] The indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber are detachably connected to both sides of the specimen chamber, and the three are on the same axis;

[0012] The indoor environment simulation chamber is equipped with an independent first environmental control system, and the outdoor environment simulation chamber is equipped with an independent second environmental control system.

[0013] The specimen chamber is used to install building wall specimens. After the building wall specimens are installed, they form the separation boundary between the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber. The first environmental control system and the second environmental control system operate independently, thereby establishing independent and separately controllable indoor and outdoor environments on both sides of the same specimen.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the specimen chamber is equipped with a reconfigurable segmented filling workpiece, which is used to compensate and fill the remaining area when the specimen is not fully arranged, so as to maintain the integrity of the environmental boundary on both sides.

[0015] The segmented filling workpiece includes at least one of the following: a fully filled workpiece, a hollow filling workpiece, and a concave frame filling workpiece.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the hollow-filled workpiece is provided with a hollow mounting position for installing small-sized test pieces;

[0017] The concave frame filling workpieces can be combined in pairs to form a hollow clamping position for installing large-sized test pieces;

[0018] The fully filled workpiece, the hollow-filled workpiece, and the concave-frame filled workpiece are stacked and combined to achieve flexible mounting of large-size test pieces, small-size test pieces, or combined test pieces.

[0019] According to the above technical solution, the gaps between the filling workpieces and between the filling workpieces and the test specimen chamber are sealed with expanding foam or adhesive gap sealing strips to form a heat-insulating and sealed boundary in the non-test specimen area.

[0020] According to the above technical solution, the specimen chamber is fixedly installed on the ground and is fixedly connected to the ground through a base supported by steel beams;

[0021] Both the indoor and outdoor environment simulation chambers are movable structures. The bottom of each chamber is equipped with guide rails and electric drive wheels, allowing them to move along the guide rails to a position that aligns with the test specimen chamber. They are then fixedly connected to the test specimen chamber via a locking structure. The docking points between the indoor and outdoor environment simulation chambers and the test specimen chamber are equipped with sealing structures.

[0022] According to the above technical solution, the first environmental control system of the indoor environment simulation cabin includes an electric heating module, an air conditioning module, an air circulation control module, and a humidity control module, which are used to establish and maintain the temperature, humidity, and wind speed environment on the indoor side.

[0023] According to the above technical solution, the second environmental control system of the outdoor environment simulation chamber includes an electric heating module, a light simulation control module, an air circulation control module, a humidity control module, an air conditioning module, a spray control module, and a salt spray control module, which are used to independently establish and maintain the outdoor temperature, humidity, wind speed, light, spray, and salt spray environment.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, it also includes a data acquisition system and a control system;

[0025] The data acquisition system is connected to temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and wind speed sensors deployed in the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers, and is also connected to a solar radiation sensor deployed in the outdoor environmental simulation chamber, for real-time acquisition of environmental parameters.

[0026] The control system includes a programmable logic controller and a touch panel, which are connected to the environmental control modules of the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers, respectively, and are used to start and stop, set parameters, switch operating conditions, and control the running sequence of each environmental control module.

[0027] According to the above technical solution, the indoor environment simulation chamber, the outdoor environment simulation chamber, and each environmental control module can operate independently or in combination according to preset working conditions.

[0028] According to the above technical solution, the control system supports both constant operation mode and program operation mode;

[0029] In program operation mode, through the independent control of the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber, different temperature, humidity, wind speed, light, spray and salt spray conditions are applied to both sides of the same building wall specimen, thereby realizing engineering service environment simulation, high temperature, high humidity and high solar radiation extreme environment simulation, wind and rain environment simulation and multi-factor coupled accelerated aging environment simulation.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0031] (1) It can more realistically reproduce the two-sided boundary response of building components during actual service.

[0032] This invention addresses the service characteristics of building components where the indoor and outdoor environments differ significantly. It allows for the application of independent environmental conditions to both sides of the same specimen, thus more closely mimicking the environmental conditions in actual engineering projects. Compared to traditional single-sided loading or overall exposure tests, this invention is better suited to reflecting the response process of building components under the combined effects of both environmental conditions, improving environmental reproducibility and test reliability.

[0033] (2) It can realize programmable reproduction of various engineering service environments and accelerated aging environments.

[0034] This invention integrates various environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, airflow, light, spraying, and salt spray, into a dual-environment simulation system. It allows each environmental module to operate independently or in combination according to preset logic. Therefore, it can be used not only for simulating conventional engineering service environments but also for constructing high-temperature, high-humidity, and high-radiation environments, windy and rainy environments, and multi-factor coupled accelerated aging environments. This approach enhances the adjustability, scalability, and programmable control capabilities of the test conditions.

[0035] (3) It can adapt to the flexible mounting requirements of multi-specification specimens under different test scenarios and effectively reduce crosstalk between the two sides.

[0036] To address the issue of varying specimen sizes, quantities, and combinations across different research tasks, this invention provides a flexible mounting scheme for various experimental scenarios, accommodating the arrangement needs of large-sized, small-sized, and combined specimens. Simultaneously, by compensating for non-test specimen areas and sealing relevant gaps, mutual interference between the two environmental simulation chambers can be effectively reduced, ensuring stable establishment of boundary conditions, thereby broadening the equipment's applicability and improving the reliability of experimental results.

[0037] (4) It facilitates the installation of large-size specimens, on-site masonry and equipment maintenance, and can improve the durability and service life of the equipment.

[0038] This invention employs an arrangement that facilitates separation and docking, enabling large-sized specimens to be installed and constructed on-site under more convenient conditions, while also improving the ease of subsequent inspection and maintenance. This method also avoids the impact or contamination of sensors, environmental control components, and other precision parts by dust and falling objects generated during the on-site dismantling of large components, thereby reducing the risk of equipment damage and improving the platform's durability and long-term service life. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of different filling states of the specimen chamber of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the workpiece used for filling vacancies in this invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the workpiece filled with the concave character frame of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Please see Figure 1-4The present invention provides a technical solution: a dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components, comprising:

[0046] The specimen compartment has its two opposite ends open.

[0047] An indoor environment simulation chamber and an outdoor environment simulation chamber are respectively located at both ends of the specimen chamber, and both the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber are open on the side facing the specimen chamber.

[0048] The indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber are detachably connected to both sides of the specimen chamber, and the three are on the same axis;

[0049] The indoor environment simulation chamber is equipped with an independent first environmental control system, and the outdoor environment simulation chamber is equipped with an independent second environmental control system.

[0050] The specimen chamber is used to install building wall specimens. After the building wall specimens are installed, they form the separation boundary between the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber. The first environmental control system and the second environmental control system operate independently, thereby establishing independent and separately controllable indoor and outdoor environments on both sides of the same specimen.

[0051] Specifically, the specimen chamber is equipped with reconfigurable segmented filling workpieces, which are used to compensate for the remaining area when the specimen is not fully arranged, so as to maintain the integrity of the environmental boundaries on both sides.

[0052] The segmented filling workpiece includes at least one of the following: a fully solid filling workpiece, a hollow filling workpiece, and a concave frame filling workpiece;

[0053] Specifically, the hollow-filled workpiece is provided with a hollow mounting position for mounting small-sized test pieces;

[0054] The concave frame filling workpieces can be combined in pairs to form a hollow clamping position for installing large-sized test pieces;

[0055] The fully filled workpiece, the hollow filled workpiece, and the concave frame filled workpiece are stacked and combined to achieve flexible mounting of large-size test pieces, small-size test pieces, or combined test pieces.

[0056] Specifically, the gaps between the filling workpieces and between the filling workpieces and the test specimen chamber are sealed with expanding foam or adhesive gap sealing strips to form a heat-insulating and sealed boundary in the non-test specimen area.

[0057] Specifically, the specimen chamber is fixedly installed on the ground and is fixedly connected to the ground via a base supported by steel beams;

[0058] Both the indoor and outdoor environment simulation chambers are movable structures. The bottom of the two chambers is equipped with guide rails and electric drive wheels, which can move along the guide rails to a position that aligns with the test specimen chamber. They are also fixedly connected to the test specimen chamber through a locking structure. The docking parts of the indoor and outdoor environment simulation chambers with the test specimen chamber are equipped with a sealing structure.

[0059] Specifically, the first environmental control system of the indoor environment simulation cabin includes an electric heating module, an air conditioning module, an air circulation control module, and a humidity control module, which are used to establish and maintain the temperature, humidity, and wind speed environment on the indoor side.

[0060] Specifically, the second environmental control system of the outdoor environment simulation chamber includes an electric heating module, a light simulation control module, an air circulation control module, a humidity control module, an air conditioning module, a spray control module, and a salt spray control module, which are used to independently establish and maintain the outdoor temperature, humidity, wind speed, light, spray, and salt spray environment.

[0061] Specifically, this also includes data acquisition systems and control systems;

[0062] The data acquisition system is connected to temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and wind speed sensors deployed in the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers, and is also connected to a solar radiation sensor deployed in the outdoor environmental simulation chamber, for real-time acquisition of environmental parameters.

[0063] The control system includes a programmable logic controller and a touch panel, which are respectively connected to the environmental control modules of the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber, and are used to start and stop, set parameters, switch operating conditions and control the running sequence of each environmental control module.

[0064] Specifically, the indoor environment simulation chamber, the outdoor environment simulation chamber, and each environmental control module can operate independently or in combination according to preset operating conditions.

[0065] Specifically, the control system supports both constant operating mode and program operating mode;

[0066] In program operation mode, through the independent control of the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber, different temperature, humidity, wind speed, light, spray and salt spray conditions are applied to both sides of the same building wall specimen, thereby realizing engineering service environment simulation, high temperature, high humidity and high solar radiation extreme environment simulation, wind and rain environment simulation and multi-factor coupled accelerated aging environment simulation.

[0067] This invention comprises an indoor environment simulation chamber, a specimen chamber, and an outdoor environment simulation chamber arranged sequentially along the same axis. The overlapping sides of the three chambers are open and without chamber bodies. The three chambers are connected when no experimental material is being filled. The remaining chambers are 20mm cavities welded from two 1.5mm thick 316L steel plates, filled with environmentally friendly ultrafine glass fiber and flame-retardant polyurethane. The joints of the inner walls of the chambers are fully welded, ensuring a completely sealed chamber and preventing moisture penetration into the insulation layer. The indoor and outdoor environment simulation chambers are located on either side of the specimen chamber. Doors are located at the front of both chambers, with sealing strips around the edges to ensure a tight seal when closed. The doors have double-sided safety locks and can be opened from both the inside and outside. Each door also has a hollow, coated, electrically heated multi-layered glass observation window, measuring 400mm wide × 500mm high.

[0068] The specimen chamber, located between the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers, is used to install building wall specimens. Once installed, the building wall specimens form the boundary between the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers, establishing independent environmental conditions on either side of the same specimen. The bottom of the outdoor environmental simulation chamber is equipped with drainage ditches and floor drains, and features condensate and unit condensate drain holes and overflow holes to facilitate the timely drainage of condensate or spray water. The platform also includes a PLC, touch panel, and multi-channel data acquisition system connected to both the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers, used for setting operating conditions, controlling programs, and acquiring parameters for each environmental module.

[0069] The specimen chamber is fixedly installed on the ground and connected to the ground via a base supported by steel beams. The chamber can accommodate wall specimens 3m wide, 3m high, and 0.8m thick, for direct construction of building wall specimens, followed by the application of insulation layers or other enclosure structures after the wall construction is completed. To address the need for significant variations in specimen specifications under different experimental scenarios, the chamber is equipped with reconfigurable, segmented filling components. When the chamber is not completely filled with building wall specimens, the remaining area is filled using these components to maintain the integrity of the environmental boundaries on both sides. The filling components include three types: the first type is a fully solid filling component covered with PP board; the second type is a hollow filling component covered with 316L steel plate. The area of ​​a single filled workpiece is 1m × 0.5m. Two hollow mounting positions are set on the hollow filled workpiece. Each hollow mounting position is used to embed a 0.3m × 0.3m small specimen to achieve the combination of large and small specimens. The third type is a 316L steel plate covered concave frame filler. Two concave frame fillers of the same size have their upper and lower recesses facing each other to form a complete hollow position, which is used to embed 0.8m × 0.8m or 1.8m × 1.8m non-full-width large specimens. The corresponding concave frame filler is selected according to the specimen mounting size.

[0070] In practical use, if the specimen is a full-width wall specimen, it can be directly constructed within the specimen chamber to form the main boundary. If no specimen is mounted, it can be directly constructed using fully filled workpieces to form the main boundary. If the specimen is a large-sized specimen that is not full-width, a concave frame filler should be selected according to the specimen size. The concave frame filler should be combined and stacked with the fully filled workpiece, and the specimen should be constructed in the hollow space formed by the concave frame. If both large and small specimens need to be mounted simultaneously, a combination of concave frame filler and hollow filler should be used to divide the specimen chamber space. After filling, the gaps between the filler workpieces and between the filler workpiece and the specimen chamber are sealed by injecting expanding foam or attaching sealing strips to the gaps, thus forming a thermally insulated and sealed boundary in the non-test specimen area. Through the above methods, environmental crosstalk between the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers can be effectively suppressed when the specimen is not fully arranged.

[0071] The indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers are located on either side of the test specimen chamber. Each chamber has two opposing guide rails beneath its floor, and two sets of electrically driven wheels with embedded motors underneath. These wheels allow for remote-controlled movement and docking of the two chambers along the guide rails, creating a movable structure. After the test specimen is installed, filled, and sealed, the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers move along the guide rails to their respective positions with the test specimen chamber. They are then fixedly connected to the test specimen chamber via locking mechanisms on the front, rear, and top outer walls. Sealing strips are installed at the docking points to ensure sealing and structural stability after docking. This structure allows large-size wall specimens to be constructed on-site within the test specimen chamber area, avoiding construction and disassembly operations within a confined space. It also reduces the risk of collision, contamination, or damage to environmental control components and sensors during subsequent removal of large components.

[0072] The indoor environment simulation chamber is used to construct the indoor environmental boundary of the experimental object. Simulated factors include temperature, humidity, and indoor air circulation. Temperature control within the chamber is achieved by a heating system and an air conditioning system, humidity control by a humidification system, and air circulation control by a supply and return air system. The heating system consists of finned heating tubes and an electric heating controller; the air conditioning system mainly consists of a compressor, an air-cooled condenser, a plate heat exchanger, an expansion tank, an evaporator, and an air conditioning control module; the humidity control system consists of a humidification boiler, a water level cup, humidification pipes, and a humidification water storage tank; and the supply and return air system consists of a circulating fan and an air circulation control module. The evaporator, humidification inlet, finned heating tubes, and circulating fan are located inside the indoor environment simulation chamber, installed on the inner wall of the left side of the chamber, arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The evaporator is supported and fixed by an equipment bracket, while the circulating fan and finned heating tubes are directly welded to the inner wall. These components are all shielded by a set of baffles with louvered guide vanes above and square return air vents below. The baffle assembly and the inner wall of the cabin form a sandwich space. Within this space, the cold air generated by the evaporator, the hot air generated by the heating pipe assembly, and the humidified air from the humidifying boiler, which is then introduced into the cabin through humidifying pipes, mix. Driven by a circulating fan, the mixture is sent out through the upper louvered guide vane assembly, circulates within the indoor environment simulation cabin, and then re-enters the sandwich space through the lower return air vent, thus achieving the desired indoor temperature and humidity. The angle of the guide vanes is adjustable, changing the air circulation and delivery angle. An external equipment room is located outside the left side of the cabin wall. This room houses equipment components that do not penetrate the indoor environment cabin, such as compressors, humidifying boilers, and air-cooled condensers, as well as water supply and drainage pipes and electrical wiring. The humidifying water storage tank and corresponding circulating water pump of the indoor environment simulation cabin are located outside the external equipment room.

[0073] The outdoor environment simulation chamber is used to construct the outdoor environmental boundary of the experimental object. It is set up opposite the indoor environment simulation chamber and has a similar basic structure. In addition to temperature, humidity, and indoor air circulation, the simulated factors also include salt spray deposition, solar radiation, and spraying. The salt spray deposition system of the outdoor environment simulation chamber consists of spray nozzles, a salt solution storage tank, a salt solution tower, a salt spray heating system, and a saturation tank. The spray nozzles are located at the top of the outdoor environment simulation chamber, the salt spray heating system is located inside the rear wall of the chamber, the saturation tank equipped with a level switch and heating pipes is located in the outdoor equipment room, the salt solution tower is located at the top of the chamber, and the salt solution storage tank and air compressor are located outside the outdoor equipment room. The salt solution storage tank stores a pre-prepared salt solution of a certain concentration. The salt solution is transported to the salt solution tower by a circulation pump. The salt solution tower is connected to the spray nozzles, and the salt solution enters the nozzles due to the height difference between the salt solution tower and the spray nozzles. An air compressor provides pressurized air, which enters a saturation tank. After being treated to a specific temperature within the saturation tank, the air is delivered to the spray nozzles, where it mixes with the salt solution to form a salt mist that is then sprayed into the outdoor environmental simulation chamber. Under salt mist conditions, the temperature inside the chamber is regulated by an electric heating system, independent of the air circulation-driven temperature control mode within the interlayer, thus avoiding the impact of air circulation on salt mist settling. The outdoor environmental simulation chamber's spray system consists of vertical and horizontal spray pipes, a spray water tank, and a circulating water pump. The vertical spray pipes are equipped with four nozzles, pointing perpendicularly to the ground. During spraying, they create a water flow perpendicular to the ground. These pipes are installed close to the top and inner wall of the outdoor environmental chamber. The combined diameter of the four nozzles covers the entire floor area of ​​the chamber (excluding the mezzanine). There are two horizontal spray pipes, installed perpendicular to the ground. Each horizontal pipe has two nozzles with a spray diameter greater than 1.5m, creating a water flow parallel to the ground, directly spraying the specimen chamber. The spray area covers the full-load area of ​​the specimen chamber. The horizontal spray pipes are bolted to the top and bottom inner walls of the chamber and can be disassembled as needed. By using valves, the vertical and horizontal spray modes can be switched. The spray system is connected to a water storage tank, a circulating water pump, and corresponding piping. The water storage tank stores water for the spraying process. A circulating water pump delivers water from the tank to the vertical and horizontal spray pipes. Under PLC control, a constant spray or a time-varying programmed spray pattern can be achieved. The spray flow rate is controlled and regulated by the circulating pump. The circulating water pump and the spray water storage tank are placed on the side and rear of the outdoor equipment room in the laboratory open space, maintaining a certain distance from the outdoor environment simulation chamber's moving guide rails, and should not obstruct the movement of the outdoor environment simulation chamber. The vertical spray pipes apply intensified water spray from the ceiling to the floor. With the assistance of the outdoor environment simulation chamber's circulating fan, a combined wind and rain environment can be further created. The horizontal spray pipes are used to create a more uniform rainfall boundary on the specimen surface. The outdoor environment simulation chamber's solar radiation simulation system consists of four solar radiation simulation lamps, matching lamp power supplies, and controllers.The solar radiation simulation lamps are evenly installed in two groups, upper and lower, outside the baffle group in the middle of the interlayer. The light from the four lamps is controlled to evenly irradiate the full-area filling of the specimen chamber, without the corners or excessively strong points. The power supply and controller for the lamps are installed on the cavity wall of the interlayer cavity.

[0074] The salt spray system in this embodiment includes a salt spray release port, a salt solution storage tank, a salt spray condition heating system, and a circulating water pump and pipelines connected to it. The salt solution storage tank stores the salt solution, which is transported to the salt spray condition heating system or related atomization unit by the circulating water pump. After heating and atomization, the salt spray is released from the salt spray release port into the outdoor environment simulation chamber to create a salt spray corrosion environment on the outside of the specimen.

[0075] To monitor key environmental parameters in real time during the experiment, one or more sets of temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar irradiance sensors are installed in the outdoor environmental simulation chamber, and one or more sets of temperature, humidity, and wind speed sensors are installed in the indoor environmental simulation chamber. These sensors measure the ambient temperature, relative humidity, local wind speed, and simulated solar irradiance intensity in both chambers and are connected to a multi-channel data acquisition system. The multi-channel data acquisition system synchronously records, stores, and outputs the signals collected by the various sensors, thereby achieving data-driven monitoring of the experimental process.

[0076] The control system preferably includes a PLC and a touch panel respectively installed in the indoor and outdoor environment simulation chambers. The PLC module is installed in the equipment rooms on both sides of the chamber, and the touch panel is embedded in the front wall of the equipment room. The PLC is connected to each environmental module in the indoor and outdoor environment simulation chambers to control the module start / stop, parameter setting, operating condition switching, and operating sequence. The touch panel is used for human-machine interaction and test program input. A multi-channel data acquisition system is used to summarize the environmental parameter monitoring results. At the same time, various sensor signals are input into the PLC control module to realize the feedback of environmental simulation effect and determine the control and adjustment of the heating system, humidity control system, air circulation system, air conditioning and refrigeration system, spray system, and solar radiation simulation system. Its control logic can be set to two types: constant operation mode and program operation mode. In constant operation mode, each environmental module maintains the set parameters unchanged to form stable boundary conditions. In program operation mode, the PLC controls each module to run sequentially or in combination according to a preset time sequence or environmental condition logic, thereby realizing the programmable reproduction of high temperature and high humidity high solar radiation environment, wind and rain environment, salt spray environment, and multi-factor coupled accelerated aging environment.

[0077] The operation process is as follows: First, according to the test requirements, prefabricated building wall specimens are installed in the specimen chamber, or building wall specimens are directly built in the specimen chamber, and the construction of the insulation layer and other structures is completed. When the specimens do not fill the opening area of ​​the specimen chamber, the corresponding number of filler workpieces are stacked in the remaining area. When there is only one specimen size in the experiment, solid filler workpieces are used to fill the gaps. When the experiment requires a combination of large and small specimens, hollow filler workpieces are used to fill the gaps, and then the small specimens are installed in the hollow installation position. Then, foaming adhesive or sealing strips are injected into the gaps between the filler workpieces and between the filler workpieces and the specimen chamber to form a closed thermal insulation boundary. Then, the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber are moved along the guide rail to the position where they align with the specimen chamber and locked by the latches. At the same time, the sealing strips at the docking points form an overall seal (the locking structure of the chamber door and the sealing structure are common technical means in this field and can be freely selected according to the requirements, which will not be elaborated on here). After the above assembly is completed, the test conditions parameters are input through the touch panel. The PLC controls the operation of each environmental module in the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers. The multi-channel data acquisition system collects parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar irradiance in real time to realize environmental simulation test under the environmental boundaries of both sides of the building wall specimen.

[0078] Furthermore, when different service environments or accelerated aging environments need to be tested, different combinations of operating conditions can be set according to the research objectives. For example, a constant temperature and humidity boundary can be set on the indoor environment simulation chamber side, while light, spray, salt spray, and airflow can be applied sequentially or simultaneously on the outdoor environment simulation chamber side to form high temperature, high humidity, and high radiation conditions, wind and rain conditions, or salt spray corrosion conditions; alternatively, the modules can be switched sequentially according to a preset program to achieve long-term continuous testing under multi-factor coupled environments.

[0079] In this embodiment, EH represents the electric heating module, AC represents the air conditioning module, VC represents the air circulation control module, HC represents the humidity control module, LC represents the light simulation control module, PC represents the spray control module, and SC represents the salt spray release control module. Through the configuration of these modules, the indoor environment simulation chamber can independently form the temperature and humidity environment and airflow boundary on the indoor side of the specimen, while the outdoor environment simulation chamber can independently form the temperature, humidity, wind speed, light, spray, and salt spray boundary conditions on the outdoor side of the specimen, thereby achieving multi-factor environmental simulation of the building wall specimen under independent boundaries on both sides.

[0080] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components, characterized in that, include: The specimen compartment has its two opposite ends open. An indoor environment simulation chamber and an outdoor environment simulation chamber are respectively located at both ends of the specimen chamber, and both the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber are open on the side facing the specimen chamber. The indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber are detachably connected to both sides of the specimen chamber, and the three are on the same axis; The indoor environment simulation chamber is equipped with an independent first environmental control system, and the outdoor environment simulation chamber is equipped with an independent second environmental control system. The specimen chamber is used to install building wall specimens. After the building wall specimens are installed, they form the separation boundary between the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber. The first environmental control system and the second environmental control system operate independently, thereby establishing independent and separately controllable indoor and outdoor environments on both sides of the same specimen.

2. The dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specimen chamber is equipped with reconfigurable segmented filling workpieces, which are used to compensate for the remaining area when the specimen is not fully arranged, so as to maintain the integrity of the environmental boundaries on both sides. The segmented filling workpiece includes at least one of the following: a fully solid filling workpiece, a hollow filling workpiece, and a concave frame filling workpiece.

3. The dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow-filled workpiece is provided with a hollow mounting position for installing small-sized test pieces; The concave frame filling workpieces can be combined in pairs to form a hollow clamping position for installing large-sized test pieces; The fully filled workpiece, the hollow-filled workpiece, and the concave-frame filled workpiece are stacked and combined to achieve flexible mounting of large-size test pieces, small-size test pieces, or combined test pieces.

4. The dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gaps between the filling workpieces and between the filling workpieces and the test specimen chamber are sealed with expanding foam or adhesive gap sealing strips to form a heat-insulating and sealed boundary in the non-test specimen area.

5. The dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specimen chamber is fixedly installed on the ground and is fixedly connected to the ground via a base supported by steel beams; Both the indoor and outdoor environment simulation chambers are movable structures. The bottom of each chamber is equipped with guide rails and electric drive wheels, allowing them to move along the guide rails to a position that aligns with the test specimen chamber. They are then fixedly connected to the test specimen chamber via a locking structure. The docking points between the indoor and outdoor environment simulation chambers and the test specimen chamber are equipped with sealing structures.

6. The dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first environmental control system of the indoor environment simulation cabin includes an electric heating module, an air conditioning module, an air circulation control module, and a humidity control module, which are used to establish and maintain the temperature, humidity, and wind speed environment on the indoor side.

7. The dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second environmental control system of the outdoor environment simulation chamber includes an electric heating module, a light simulation control module, an air circulation control module, a humidity control module, an air conditioning module, a spray control module, and a salt spray control module, which are used to independently establish and maintain the outdoor temperature, humidity, wind speed, light, spray, and salt spray environment.

8. The dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes data acquisition systems and control systems; The data acquisition system is connected to temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and wind speed sensors deployed in the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers, and is also connected to a solar radiation sensor deployed in the outdoor environmental simulation chamber, for real-time acquisition of environmental parameters. The control system includes a programmable logic controller and a touch panel, which are connected to the environmental control modules of the indoor and outdoor environmental simulation chambers, respectively, and are used to start and stop, set parameters, switch operating conditions, and control the running sequence of each environmental control module.

9. The dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components according to claim 8, characterized in that: The indoor environment simulation chamber, the outdoor environment simulation chamber, and each environmental control module can operate independently or in combination according to preset operating conditions.

10. The dual-boundary, multi-factor microenvironment simulation experimental platform for building components according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control system supports both constant operation mode and program operation mode; In program operation mode, through the independent control of the indoor environment simulation chamber and the outdoor environment simulation chamber, different temperature, humidity, wind speed, light, spray and salt spray conditions are applied to both sides of the same building wall specimen, thereby realizing engineering service environment simulation, high temperature, high humidity and high solar radiation extreme environment simulation, wind and rain environment simulation and multi-factor coupled accelerated aging environment simulation.

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