A ball stud blank forging detection device and method

Abstract

The application relates to a ball pin blank forging detection device and method, and relates to the technical field of detection devices. The device comprises a workbench and a fixing disc arranged on the workbench. The fixing disc is in a cylindrical shape, and a ball pin is coaxially arranged at the axial position of the fixing disc. The workbench is provided with a conveying assembly for feeding and discharging the ball pin, a fixing assembly for fixing and lifting adjusting the ball pin, and a detection assembly for hardness detection of the ball pin. The detection assembly is provided with three groups. The three groups of detection assemblies are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the fixing disc. The detection assembly comprises a sliding block slidingly arranged on the fixing disc. The sliding block slides along the radial direction of the fixing disc, and one end of the sliding block protrudes from the inner circumferential wall of the fixing disc. The sliding block comprises a first sliding block and a second sliding block arranged oppositely. The first sliding block is located directly above the second sliding block. The application has the effects of improving the accuracy of hardness detection and improving the detection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of testing devices, and in particular to a testing device and method for ball-head pin blank forgings. Background Technology

[0002] Ball joints are key universal joint components of automotive suspensions. The upper and lower ball joints, which are responsible for bearing loads, steering guidance, and maintaining wheel positioning, withstand complex alternating loads and strong impacts during vehicle operation. Their quality directly determines driving safety, handling precision, and tire life.

[0003] Currently, ball head pins are typically manufactured using forging processes to create continuous, unidirectional flow lines, ensuring the strength, toughness, and service life of the ball head pin. The formed ball head pin consists of a spherical part, a tapered part, and a shank part connected in sequence. The hardness after forging can be used to determine whether the forging flow lines of the blank forging are qualified. Moreover, hardness easily affects the effect of subsequent carburizing heat treatment. Therefore, it is usually necessary to conduct a full inspection of the hardness of the ball head pin blank forging to ensure that the hardness of the blank forging is moderate and uniform, improve the stability of the machining dimensional accuracy, and screen out unqualified parts to prevent defective products from flowing into the next process and avoid wasting subsequent machining and heat treatment costs.

[0004] When testing hardness, the oxide scale and decarburized layer on the surface of the blank forging must first be removed by grinding, and a flat testing surface must be ground out. Then, the probe of the hardness testing instrument is pressed against the testing surface to ensure that the indenter is vertical, the force is stable, and the contact state is consistent. The hardness data of the ball head pin blank forging can be calculated by the indentation depth of the probe end. By testing at multiple points, the uniformity of the hardness of the ball head pin can be judged.

[0005] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, when testing the hardness of ball-end pins, multiple points need to be tested along the circumference of the tapered and shank sections. Since the tapered and shank sections are curved surfaces, it is inconvenient to grind the test surfaces, making it difficult to ensure that the test surfaces are tangent to the circumferential wall of the ball-end pin and that the probe is perpendicularly pressed against the test surfaces. This causes the torque applied by the probe to deviate from the axis of the ball-end pin, easily causing the ball-end pin to deflect and generate eccentric torque, resulting in distorted hardness values ​​and potential damage to the probe. Furthermore, grinding and testing multiple points sequentially is inefficient and unsuitable for large-scale full inspection of the hardness of ball-end pins. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To improve the accuracy and efficiency of hardness testing, this application provides a testing device and method for ball head pin blank forgings.

[0007] This application provides a testing device for ball head pin blanks, which adopts the following technical solution: A ball head pin blank forging inspection device includes a worktable and a fixed plate disposed on the worktable. The fixed plate is cylindrical, and the ball head pin is coaxially installed on the axis of the fixed plate. The worktable is provided with a conveying component for loading and unloading the ball head pin, a fixing component for fixing and adjusting the height of the ball head pin, and a detection component for testing the hardness of the ball head pin. The detection assembly is provided in three sets, and the three sets of detection assemblies are evenly spaced along the circumference of the fixed disk. Each detection assembly includes a sliding block slidably disposed on the fixed disk. The sliding block slides along the radius of the fixed disk, and one end of the sliding block is movably protruding from the inner peripheral wall of the fixed disk. The sliding block includes a first slider and a second slider arranged opposite to each other, with the first slider located directly above the second slider. The protruding end of the sliding block is rotatably equipped with a rotating rod. An ultrasonic hardness tester and a third power component for driving the ultrasonic hardness tester to slide are slidably mounted on the rotating rod of the first slider. The probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester is movably pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin. A grinding wheel and a fourth power component for driving the grinding wheel to rotate are rotatably mounted on the rotating rod of the second slider. The grinding wheel is movably pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin. The fixed plate is equipped with a driving component for driving the three sets of sliding blocks to slide and an adjustment component for synchronously adjusting the rotation angle of the two rotating rods.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to test the hardness of a ball head pin, the conveying component transports a ball head pin to the fixed plate. At this time, the second slider corresponds to the tapered part of the ball head pin, and the axis of the ultrasonic hardness tester probe and the axis of the grinding wheel are consistent with the radial direction of the fixed plate. This is the initial position of the rotating rod.

[0009] Then the driving component causes the three second sliding blocks to slide synchronously closer to the ball head pin, so that the three grinding wheels abut against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin cone and rotate synchronously with the corresponding rotating rod, so that the ball head pin is coaxial with the axis of the fixed plate, and then the fixing assembly fixes the ball head pin.

[0010] Simultaneously, the adjustment component synchronously adjusts the deflection angle of the other rotating rod, making the deflection angles of the two rotating rods consistent, thereby making the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester perpendicular to the generatrix of the ball-head pin cone rod.

[0011] Then, the fourth power component drives the grinding wheel to rotate, achieving simultaneous grinding of the three positions of the cone rod. This removes the oxide scale and decarburized layer from the surface of the ball head pin blank forging and grinds out a smooth inspection surface. At this time, the rotation axis of the grinding wheel is perpendicular to the generatrix of the ball head pin cone rod, reducing the risk of axial movement of the ball head pin during grinding. This ensures that the grinding depth and size of the three inspection surfaces are consistent, improving the stability of grinding quality. It also reduces the risk of the ball head pin being scrapped due to excessive grinding on one side caused by deviation from the axis, reducing processing losses and improving grinding efficiency. At the same time, it is beneficial for subsequent hardness testing.

[0012] Then the driving component causes the three second sliders to slide away from each other, separating the grinding wheel from the ball head pin, until the second sliders slide to the initial position. At this time, the fixing component drives the ball head pin to rise until the first slider corresponds to the cone part of the ball head pin. At this time, the second slider corresponds to the handle part of the ball head pin. Then the driving component causes the three first sliders to slide synchronously closer to the ball head pin until the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester is in contact with the testing surface.

[0013] Then, the third power component drives the ultrasonic hardness tester to slide and keeps the probe stably pressed against the test surface, so as to realize the simultaneous detection of the hardness of the three positions of the ball head pin cone rod, thereby improving the detection efficiency. At this time, the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester is facing the axis of the ball head pin and perpendicular to the test surface, so that the probe is pressed against the test surface, making it less likely to generate eccentric torque and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0014] While non-contact hardness sorting instruments offer higher testing efficiency, they can significantly impact the results when testing unmachined products such as blank forgings due to factors like oxide scale, decarburized layers, and surface pits. Furthermore, the aforementioned method facilitates the grinding and hardness testing of ball joints of different sizes, such as the upper and lower ball joints of automotive suspensions.

[0015] Then the driving component causes the three first sliders to slide away from each other, separating the probe from the detection surface, until the second slider slides to the initial position. At this time, the adjusting component rotates the rotating rod to the initial position. Then the above steps are repeated to realize the hardness detection of the ball head pin shank, further improving the detection efficiency.

[0016] After the test is completed, the fixing component drives the ball head pin to continue to rise, and then the conveying component unloads the tested ball head pin. At the same time, the conveying component transports the next ball head pin to the fixing plate, thus realizing automated hardness testing of ball head pins and improving testing efficiency.

[0017] Optionally, the driving component includes a synchronization disk coaxially rotatably mounted on the fixed disk. The synchronization disk includes a first rotating disk corresponding to the three first sliders and a second rotating disk corresponding to the three second sliders. Synchronization posts are provided on the sidewalls of the first and second sliders that are far apart from each other. The synchronization disk has three inclined synchronization slots. The three synchronization slots are evenly spaced along the circumference of the synchronization disk. The three synchronization posts correspond one-to-one with the three synchronization slots, and the synchronization posts are movably abutted against the inner sidewalls of the synchronization slots. The fixed disk is equipped with a first power component and a second power component that drive the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk to rotate, respectively. The worktable is equipped with a controller and a pressure sensor that detects the force exerted by the second power component on the second rotating disk. The pressure sensor, the first power component, the second power component, the third power component, and the fourth power component are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the ball head pin needs to be polished, the controller controls the second power component to work, driving the second rotating disk to rotate. At this time, the side wall of the synchronous groove abuts against the side wall of the synchronous column, and drives the synchronous column to slide with the second slider until the pressure sensor reaches the design threshold and transmits an electrical signal to the controller. This indicates that the polishing wheel is pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin. The controller controls the second power component to stop working and records the working stroke of the second power component, so as to realize that the three polishing wheels press against the ball head pin synchronously, that is, to realize the positioning of the ball head pin. Then the controller controls the fourth power component to work, so as to realize the polishing of the ball head pin.

[0019] When the ball head pin needs to be tested for hardness, the controller controls the first power component to work and drive the first rotating disk to rotate, thereby driving the first slider to slide until the working stroke of the first power component is consistent with the previous stroke of the second power component, so that the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester is close to and corresponds to the test surface. At this time, the controller controls the second power component to stop working and controls the third power component to work, so as to realize the hardness test at the test surface. Through the above steps, the automation level of ball head pin grinding and hardness testing is improved, and the testing efficiency is increased.

[0020] Optionally, both the first and second sliders have piston chambers filled with hydraulic oil. The adjusting assembly includes a piston rod slidably disposed within the piston chamber. The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod is movably fitted against the inner peripheral wall of the piston chamber. A sleeve is coaxially provided at the end of the rotating rod, and a torsion spring is provided at the pivot of the rotating rod. One end of the piston rod protrudes movably from the piston chamber and is coaxially inserted into the sleeve. A spiral guide groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve, and the guide grooves of the first slider corresponding to the sleeve and the second slider corresponding to the sleeve rotate in opposite directions. A guide post is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the piston rod, and the guide post is movably located within the guide groove and movably abuts against the inner sidewall of the guide groove. A limiting structure is provided on the sliding block to restrict the rotation of the piston rod, and a switching element for connecting or blocking the two piston chambers is provided on the sliding block.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the grinding wheel presses against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin cone or the handle, the rotating rod corresponding to the second slider rotates or maintains its initial position. When the rotating rod on the second slider rotates, it drives the corresponding sleeve to rotate, causing the guide post to slide in the guide groove. Since the guide groove is spirally arranged and the sliding block is equipped with a limiting structure to restrict the rotation of the piston post, the side wall of the guide groove presses against the guide post and drives the guide post and piston post to move away from the rotating rod. At this time, under the action of the switching component, the two piston chambers are kept connected, so that the hydraulic oil squeezes and drives the piston post corresponding to the first slider to slide closer to the corresponding rotating rod, thereby driving the corresponding sleeve and rotating rod to rotate. Since the guide groove of the sleeve corresponding to the first slider and the guide groove of the sleeve corresponding to the second slider rotate in opposite directions, the rotation direction and angle of the two rotating rods are consistent, thus ensuring that the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester is always perpendicular to the detection surface during hardness testing, improving the accuracy of hardness testing.

[0022] Then, the switching mechanism operates to keep the two piston chambers sealed, thus fixing the rotating rod. This helps maintain the stability of the two rotating rods during subsequent grinding or hardness testing, thereby improving the stability of the grinding effect and the accuracy of hardness testing.

[0023] After the hardness test is completed, the switching device operates and connects the two piston chambers. At the same time, under the action of the torsion spring, the rotating rod rotates to the initial position, which is convenient for the next grinding and hardness test.

[0024] Optionally, the switching component includes a switching cylinder disposed on the first slider, the switching cylinder being connected to the piston chamber corresponding to the first slider, a communicating hole being provided on the outer peripheral wall of the switching cylinder, a connecting hose being provided at the communicating hole of the switching cylinder, one end of the connecting hose away from the switching cylinder being connected to the piston chamber corresponding to the first slider, a switching block being coaxially and elastically slidably disposed inside the switching cylinder, the outer peripheral wall of the switching block being movably fitted to the inner peripheral wall of the switching cylinder, a switching hole being provided on the switching block, one opening end of the switching hole being located on the side wall of the switching block, the other opening end of the switching hole being located on the outer peripheral wall of the switching block and movably corresponding to the communicating hole, one end of the switching block being movably protruding from the side wall of the switching cylinder and movably abutting against the inner peripheral wall of the fixed plate.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when the grinding wheel presses against the ball head pin, the first slider is in the initial position. At this time, the protruding end of the switching block presses against the inner circumferential wall of the fixed disk, and the switching hole corresponds to the connecting hole, so that the two piston chambers remain connected. Then, the controller controls the first power component to work, so as to drive the first slider to slide, so that the protruding end of the switching block separates from the inner side wall of the fixed disk. At this time, the switching block slides in the switching cylinder under the elastic force, so that the switching hole and the connecting hole are misaligned, thereby so that the two piston chambers are in a blocked state. When the first slider continues to slide to test the hardness of the test surface, the rotating rod is kept fixed. Through the above solution, the power source is saved, and the coordination and consistency of the sliding of the sliding block, the rotation of the grinding wheel and the rotation of the ultrasonic hardness tester probe toward the test surface are improved, thereby improving the hardness test accuracy and test efficiency.

[0026] Optionally, the fixing assembly includes an upper push rod and a lower push rod coaxially and vertically mounted on the worktable. A ball head pin is movably located between the upper push rod and the lower push rod. The side walls of the upper push rod and the lower push rod that are close to each other are movably abutted against the spherical part and the end face of the handle part of the ball head pin, respectively. A fifth power component and a sixth power component are provided on the worktable to drive the upper push rod and the lower push rod to rise and fall, respectively. A photoelectric sensor is fixed on the fixed plate. The photoelectric sensor is arranged facing the axis of the fixed plate. The photoelectric sensor, the fifth power component, and the sixth power component are electrically connected to the controller.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, when the photoelectric sensor detects an obstruction at the axis of the fixed disk, it indicates that the ball pin to be detected is located at the axis of the fixed disk. At this time, the photoelectric sensor transmits an electrical signal to the controller, and then the controller controls the second power component to work until the pressure sensor reaches the design threshold, so that the grinding wheel presses against the outer peripheral wall of the ball pin cone, thereby achieving the positioning of the ball pin.

[0028] Then the controller controls the fifth and sixth power components to work, causing the upper and lower push rods to move closer to each other, so that the side walls of the upper and lower push rods that are close to each other abut against the bottom surfaces of the ball head pin's spherical part and the handle part, respectively, thereby clamping and fixing the ball head pin.

[0029] When the fifth and sixth power components work, driving the upper and lower push rods to rise synchronously, the ball head pin can be raised, enabling the grinding and inspection of the cone and shank sections of the ball head pin. At the same time, after the hardness test is completed, the fixed plate and rotating plate will not easily obstruct the movement of the ball head pin, making it easier for the subsequent conveying components to unload the tested ball head pin.

[0030] Optionally, the conveying assembly includes a guide plate disposed on the fixed disk. One end of the guide plate is located at the axis of the fixed disk and between the first slider and the second slider. The other end of the guide plate is inclined upward along the radius of the fixed disk. The guide plate has a guide groove along its own inclined direction. The end of the guide groove away from the fixed disk is open. The spherical part of the ball head pin is slidably adapted to the top wall of the guide plate, and the diameter of the cone part of the ball head pin is smaller than the width of the guide groove. Both the synchronous disk and the fixed disk have notches for the ball head to pass through. The worktable is provided with a push plate feeder and a feeding structure for clamping and unloading the ball head after inspection. The push plate feeder and the feeding structure are arranged opposite to each other, and the output end of the push plate feeder corresponds to the top of the guide plate.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, when feeding ball head pins, the ball head pins are conveyed to the guide plate by the push plate feeder. At this time, the axis of the ball head pin is parallel to the layout direction of the guide plate, and the spherical part of the ball head pin slides and fits against the top wall of the guide plate.

[0032] Then, under the action of gravity, the ball pin slides along the guide plate towards the fixed plate. At the same time, since the diameter of the cone part of the ball pin is smaller than the width of the guide groove, the ball pin rotates under the action of gravity, making the axis of the ball pin vertical, until the outer peripheral wall of the ball pin fits against the side wall of the guide groove away from the opening end. At this time, the ball pin is located at the axis of the fixed plate, realizing the feeding of the ball pin. After the hardness test is completed, the ball pin is unloaded through the set unloading structure, thereby realizing automated loading and unloading and improving the testing efficiency.

[0033] It should be understood that the structure and principle of the push plate feeder for single-pole directional picking of ball head pins and its own conveyor belt transportation are common technologies in this field, and will not be elaborated on here.

[0034] Optionally, the conveying assembly further includes a blocking block rotatably mounted on the worktable. The blocking block is located on one side of the fixed disk and directly below the guide plate. The blocking block is semi-cylindrical, and its inner and outer peripheral walls are respectively movably abutted against the outer peripheral walls of two adjacent ball-head pin shank rods. A seventh power component for driving the blocking block to rotate is provided on the worktable, and the seventh power component is electrically connected to the controller.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, when the push plate feeder is working, the ball head pin slides on the guide plate under gravity until the peripheral wall of the ball head pin handle abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the blocking block, so that multiple ball head pins to be detected are arranged vertically in sequence on the guide plate. When the photoelectric sensor does not detect any obstruction on the axis of the fixed plate, it means that the ball head pins that have been detected have been fed out, and the upper and lower push rods are in the initial position. At this time, the photoelectric sensor transmits an electrical signal to the controller, and the controller controls the seventh power component to work, driving the blocking block to rotate 180° and reset. When the blocking block rotates 180°, a ball head pin near the fixed plate slides to the axis of the fixed plate under gravity. At the same time, the next adjacent ball head pin moves against the outer peripheral wall of the blocking block. As the blocking block resets, the next ball head pin slides under gravity until it abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the blocking block. By repeating the above steps, the ball head pins can be fed one by one.

[0036] On the other hand, this application provides a method for inspecting ball head pin blank forgings, including the following steps: S1: When it is necessary to test the hardness of the ball head pin, the push plate feeder conveys the ball head pin to the guide plate. Under the action of gravity, the ball head pin slides along the guide plate to the axis of the fixed plate. Under the action of gravity, the ball head pin rotates, so that the axis of the ball head pin is in a vertical state, realizing the automatic feeding of the ball head pin. S2: The controller controls the second power component to work, driving the second rotating disk to rotate, so that the three second sliders slide close to the ball head pin, and the three grinding wheels synchronously press against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin cone rod until the pressure sensor reaches the design threshold, thus positioning the ball head pin. Then the fixing component fixes the ball head pin, and at the same time the adjusting component synchronously adjusts the deflection angle of the other rotating rod, so that the deflection angles of the two rotating rods are consistent, and keeps the rotation axis of the grinding wheel and the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester perpendicular to the generatrix of the ball head pin cone rod. S3: The controller controls the fourth power component to work, realizing synchronous grinding of the three positions of the cone rod and grinding out a flat test surface. Then the controller controls the second power component to drive the second rotating disk to rotate, so that the three second sliders slide to the initial position. Then the fixing component drives the ball head pin to rise, so that the first slider corresponds to the cone rod of the ball head pin. At this time, the second slider corresponds to the handle of the ball head pin. Then the controller controls the first power component to work, driving the first rotating disk to rotate, so that the three first sliders slide synchronously, so that the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester is close to and corresponds to the test surface. S4: The controller controls the third power component to work, driving the ultrasonic hardness tester to slide and keeping the probe stably pressed against the detection surface, so as to realize the synchronous detection of hardness at three positions of the ball head pin cone rod. The controller controls the first power component to work, driving the first rotating disk to rotate so that the three second sliders slide to the initial position. At the same time, under the action of the adjustment component, the two rotating rods rotate to the initial position. S5: Repeat steps S2-S4 above to grind and test the hardness of the ball head pin shank. Then the fixing component drives the ball head pin to continue rising until the ball head pin is above the fixing plate. S6: The feeding structure feeds the ball head pins after inspection. Repeating the above steps can achieve continuous inspection of the ball head pins.

[0037] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When the ball head pin to be inspected is located at the axis of the fixed disk, the driving component drives the three second sliders to slide synchronously closer to the ball head pin, so that the three grinding wheels synchronously press against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin, making the ball head pin coaxial with the axis of the fixed disk, thus achieving the positioning of the ball head pin. At the same time, the grinding wheels and the corresponding rotating rods rotate with the shape of the ball head pin, so that the rotation axis of the grinding wheels is perpendicular to the generatrix of the cone or shank of the ball head pin. Then the fourth power component works to realize the synchronous grinding of the ball head pin by the three grinding wheels, improving grinding efficiency, reducing the risk of axial movement of the ball head pin during grinding, making the grinding depth and size of the three inspection surfaces consistent, improving the stability of grinding quality, and reducing the risk of the ball head pin being deviated from the axis and causing excessive grinding on one side, resulting in missing material and scrapping of the blank forging, thus reducing processing losses. 2. When the grinding wheel presses against the ball head pin, the rotating rod corresponding to the second slider drives the corresponding sleeve to rotate, causing the guide post to slide in the guide groove. At this time, the side wall of the guide groove presses against the guide post and drives the guide post and piston post to move away from the rotating rod. At this time, the two piston chambers remain connected, causing the hydraulic oil to squeeze and drive the piston post corresponding to the first slider to slide closer to the corresponding rotating rod, thereby driving the corresponding sleeve and rotating rod to rotate. This makes the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester perpendicular to the generatrix of the ball head pin cone or shank. Then, the third power component drives the ultrasonic hardness tester to slide and presses the probe against the detection surface, realizing the simultaneous detection of the hardness of the three positions of the ball head pin cone, improving the detection efficiency. At this time, the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester is kept facing the axis of the ball head pin and perpendicular to the detection surface, making the probe press against the detection surface less likely to generate eccentric torque, thus improving the accuracy of the detection results. 3. When the grinding wheel is pressed against the ball head pin, the first slider is in the initial position, the protruding end of the switching block is pressed against the inner circumferential wall of the fixed plate, the switching hole corresponds to the connecting hole, and the two piston chambers remain connected, which facilitates the synchronous rotation of the two rotating rods. During grinding or testing, the first slider slides until the protruding end of the switching block separates from the inner side wall of the fixed plate. Under the elastic force, the switching block slides in the switching cylinder, so that the switching hole and the connecting hole are misaligned, thereby keeping the two piston chambers in a blocked state, thus keeping the rotating rods fixed, thereby keeping the rotation axis of the grinding wheel and the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester perpendicular to the generatrix of the ball head pin cone or handle, improving the coordination and consistency of the sliding block, the rotation of the grinding wheel and the rotation of the ultrasonic hardness tester probe toward the test surface, and improving the stability of the grinding effect and the accuracy of hardness testing; 4. After the ball head pin is transported to the guide plate by the push plate feeder, it can be transported to the grinding and inspection position of the fixed plate by its own weight. Then, the ball head pin is positioned by the grinding wheel pressing against it. Since the hardness of the ball head pin is fully inspected, the transfer workload is large. The above solution reduces the manual feeding or uses automated feeding steps such as robotic arms, thereby saving energy. 5. The three grinding wheels are simultaneously pressed together and grind the taper section of the ball head pin. Then, the fixing assembly drives the ball head pin to rise, aligning the grinding wheels with the ball head pin shank and the ultrasonic hardness tester with the ball head pin taper section. At this time, the ultrasonic hardness tester first performs hardness testing on the ball head pin taper section. After the test is completed, the grinding wheels grind the ball head pin shank section again, reducing the impact of vibration generated during grinding on the test results. By repeating the above steps, hardness testing of the ball head pin shank section can be achieved. Through the above steps, the coordination between the approach and departure of the grinding wheels and the approach and departure of the ultrasonic hardness tester is improved, thereby improving the testing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the upper push rod, lower push rod, and worktable; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first slider, the ultrasonic hardness tester, and the fixed plate; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the second slider, the grinding wheel, and the fixed plate; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the rotating rod, sleeve, and piston rod; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the switching cylinder and the switching block; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the first slider, the second slider, the ball pin, and the guide plate; Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the diagram.

[0039] Reference numerals: 1. Worktable; 11. Fixed plate; 12. Pressure sensor; 13. Controller; 2. Detection component; 21. First slider; 22. Second slider; 23. Rotating rod; 24. Ultrasonic hardness tester; 25. Third power component; 26. Grinding wheel; 27. Fourth power component; 28. Drive component; 281. First rotating plate; 282. Second rotating plate; 283. Synchronizing column; 284. Synchronizing groove; 285. First power component; 286. Second power component; 3. Adjustment component; 31. Piston column; 32. Piston chamber; 33. Sleeve; 34. Torsion spring; 35. Guide groove; 36. Guide column; 37. Limiting structure; 371. Limiting protrusion; 372. Limiting hole 38. Connecting column; 39. Switching component; 391. Switching cylinder; 392. Connecting hole; 393. Switching block; 394. Switching hole; 4. Fixing assembly; 41. Upper push rod; 42. Lower push rod; 43. Fifth power component; 44. Sixth power component; 45. Photoelectric sensor; 46. Punch; 5. Conveying assembly; 51. Guide plate; 52. Guide chute; 53. Push plate feeder; 54. Blocking block; 55. Seventh power component; 56. Unloading structure; 561. Unloading block; 562. Pneumatic gripper; 563. Lead screw; 564. Nut; 565. Drive motor; 566. Unloading conveyor belt; 6. Ball head pin; 61. Spherical part; 62. Conical part; 63. Handle part. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-8 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0041] This application discloses a device and method for testing ball head pin blanks.

[0042] Reference Figure 1A ball head pin blank forging testing device includes a workbench 1 placed on the ground and a fixed plate 11 fixed on the workbench 1. The fixed plate 11 is cylindrical, and the axis of the fixed plate 11 is consistent with the height direction of the fixed plate 11. The ball head pin 6 blank forging to be tested is coaxially installed at the axis position of the fixed plate 11, hereinafter referred to as ball head pin 6.

[0043] To fix and adjust the height of the ball joint pin 6, a fixing component 4 is provided on the worktable 1, as shown in the reference. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fixed assembly 4 includes an upper push rod 41 and a lower push rod 42 coaxially and vertically connected to the worktable 1. The movement directions of the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 are consistent with the axis of the fixed plate 11. The ball head pin 6 is movably located between the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42. The side walls of the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 that are close to each other are movably abutted against the end faces of the spherical part 61 and the handle part 63 of the ball head pin 6, respectively. A punch 46 is fixed on the side walls of the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 that are close to each other. The worktable 1 is provided with a fifth power member 43 and a sixth power member 44 that drive the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 to rise and fall, respectively. A photoelectric sensor 45 is fixed on the fixed plate 11. The photoelectric sensor 45 is arranged facing the axis of the fixed plate 11. In this application, the fifth power member 43 and the sixth power member 44 are both electric push rods, and the photoelectric sensor 45 is a diffuse reflection photoelectric sensor.

[0044] To simultaneously test the hardness of multiple points on the ball head pin 6, a testing component 2 is installed on the worktable 1, referring to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The detection component 2 is provided in three sets. The three sets of detection components 2 are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the fixed disk 11. The detection component 2 includes a sliding block slidably connected to the fixed disk 11. The sliding block slides along the radius of the fixed disk 11, and one end of the sliding block is movably protruding from the inner peripheral wall of the fixed disk 11. The sliding block includes a first slider 21 and a second slider 22 arranged opposite to each other. The first slider 21 is located directly above the second slider 22. A rotating rod 23 is rotatably mounted on the protruding end of the sliding block. The rotation axis of the rotating rod 23 is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding block. An ultrasonic hardness tester 24 and a third power component 25 for driving the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 to slide are slidably connected on the rotating rod 23 of the first slider 21. The sliding direction of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating rod 23. The probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 is movably pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin 6. A grinding wheel 26 and a fourth power component 27 for driving the grinding wheel 26 to rotate are rotatably connected on the rotating rod 23 of the second slider 22. The rotation axis of the grinding wheel 26 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating rod 23. The grinding wheel 26 is movably pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin 6. In this application, the third power component 25 is a hydraulic cylinder and the fourth power component 27 is a pneumatic corner grinder.

[0045] To drive the three sets of sliding blocks and achieve synchronous movement of the three grinding wheels 26 or the three ultrasonic hardness testers 24, a driving component 28 is provided on the fixed plate 11, as shown in the reference. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The driving component 28 includes a synchronous disk coaxially rotatably connected to the fixed disk 11. The synchronous disk includes a first rotating disk 281 corresponding to the three first sliders 21 and a second rotating disk 282 corresponding to the three second sliders 22. Synchronous posts 283 are fixed on the side walls of the first sliders 21 and the second sliders 22 that are far apart from each other. The synchronous disk has three inclined synchronous grooves 284. The three synchronous grooves 284 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the synchronous disk. The three synchronous posts 283 correspond one-to-one with the three synchronous grooves 284, and the synchronous posts 283 and the inner side walls of the synchronous grooves 284 are movably pressed together.

[0046] The fixed disk 11 is equipped with a first power component 285 and a second power component 286 that drive the first rotating disk 281 and the second rotating disk 282 to rotate respectively. The worktable 1 is equipped with a controller 13 and a pressure sensor 12 that detects the force exerted by the second power component 286 on the second rotating disk 282. The pressure sensor 12, the first power component 285, the second power component 286, the third power component 25, the fourth power component 27, the photoelectric sensor 45, the fifth power component 43, and the sixth power component 44 are all electrically connected to the controller 13. In this application, the first power component 285 and the second power component 286 are both electric push rods equipped with Hall sensors, which improves the accuracy of the controller 13 in controlling the working stroke of the first power component 285 and the second power component 286. The output end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the first rotating disk 281 / second rotating disk 282, and the other end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the fixed disk 11.

[0047] To synchronize the rotation angles of the two rotating rods 23 and adjust the angle between the grinding wheel 26 and the ultrasonic hardness tester 24, an adjustment assembly 3 is provided on the fixed plate 11. Figure 5 and Figure 6 Both the first slider 21 and the second slider 22 are detachably fixed with connecting columns 38 by bolts. The connecting columns 38 are coaxially arranged with the rotating rod 23. A piston chamber 32 is opened in the movable column and filled with hydraulic oil. The adjusting component 3 includes a piston column 31 slidably connected in the piston chamber 32. The sliding direction of the piston column 31 is consistent with the axis of the rotating rod 23. The outer peripheral wall of the piston column 31 is movably fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the piston chamber 32. The detachable connecting columns 38 facilitate the installation of the piston column 31.

[0048] To improve the stability of the rotation of the rotating rod 23, refer to Figure 5 The first slider 21 and the second slider 22 are each provided with two connecting posts 38. Both ends of the rotating rod 23 are coaxially fixed with sleeves 33, and a torsion spring 34 is provided at the pivot of the rotating rod 23. One end of the piston rod 31 is movably protruding from the piston cavity 32 and is coaxially inserted into the sleeve 33. A spiral guide groove 35 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve 33. The guide groove 35 of the first slider 21 corresponding to the sleeve 33 has the opposite rotation direction to the guide groove 35 of the second slider 22 corresponding to the sleeve 33. A guide post 36 is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the piston rod 31. The guide post 36 is movably located in the guide groove 35 and is movably abutted against the inner side wall of the guide groove 35.

[0049] The sliding block is provided with a limiting structure 37 to restrict the rotation of the piston rod 31. The protruding end of the piston rod 31 is machined with two parallel flat surfaces. The sliding block is provided with a limiting hole 372 for the protruding end of the piston rod 31 to slide through. The limiting structure 37 includes two limiting protrusions 371 fixed on the inner wall of the limiting hole 372. The two limiting protrusions 371 correspond one-to-one with the two flat surfaces and slide to fit together.

[0050] To enable switching between connecting or blocking the two piston chambers 32, a switching element 39 is provided on the sliding block, as shown in the figure. Figure 5 and Figure 6The switching component 39 includes a switching cylinder 391 fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the connecting post 38 corresponding to the first slider 21. The switching cylinder 391 is connected to the piston chamber 32 corresponding to the first slider 21. A connecting hole 392 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the switching cylinder 391. A connecting hose is fixed to the switching cylinder 391 at the connecting hole 392. The end of the connecting hose away from the switching cylinder 391 is connected to the piston chamber 32 corresponding to the first slider 21. A switching block 393 is coaxially elastically slidably connected inside the switching cylinder 391. The sliding direction is consistent with the sliding direction of the sliding block. The outer peripheral wall of the switching block 393 is in movable contact with the inner peripheral wall of the switching cylinder 391. A switching hole 394 is provided on the switching block 393. One open end of the switching hole 394 is located on the side wall of the switching block 393, and the other open end of the switching hole 394 is located on the outer peripheral wall of the switching block 393 and corresponds movably to the connecting hole 392. One end of the switching block 393 protrudes movably from the side wall of the switching cylinder 391 and is movably abutted against the inner peripheral wall of the fixed plate 11.

[0051] When the ball head pin 6 needs to be tested for hardness, the technician first loads the ball head pin 6 to be tested, so that the ball head pin 6 is located at the axis of the fixed plate 11. At this time, the second slider 22 corresponds to the tapered part 62 of the ball head pin 6. The axis of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 probe and the axis of the grinding wheel 26 are consistent with the radial direction of the fixed plate 11. This is the initial position of the rotating rod 23.

[0052] At this time, the photoelectric sensor 45 detects an obstruction at the axis of the fixed disk 11, indicating that the ball pin 6 is in the detection position. Then, the photoelectric sensor 45 transmits an electrical signal to the controller 13. The controller 13 controls the second power component 286 to work, driving the second rotating disk 282 to rotate. At this time, the side wall of the synchronous groove 284 abuts against the side wall of the synchronous column 283, and drives the synchronous column 283 to slide with the second slider 22, so that the grinding wheel 26 abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the cone rod part 62 of the ball pin 6, and rotates synchronously with the corresponding rotating rod 23.

[0053] When the rotating rod 23 on the second slider 22 rotates, it drives the corresponding sleeve 33 to rotate, causing the guide post 36 to slide in the guide groove 35. Since the guide groove 35 is spirally arranged and the limiting protrusion 371 is in contact with the two flat surfaces of the protruding end of the piston post 31, the side wall of the guide groove 35 presses against the guide post 36 and drives the guide post 36 and the piston post 31 to move away from the rotating rod 23.

[0054] At this time, the first slider 21 is in the initial position, the protruding end of the switching block 393 abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the fixed disk 11, the switching hole 394 corresponds to the connecting hole 392, and the two piston chambers 32 remain connected, so that the hydraulic oil squeezes and drives the piston column 31 corresponding to the first slider 21 to slide closer to the corresponding rotating rod 23, thereby driving the corresponding sleeve 33 and rotating rod 23 to rotate. Since the guide groove 35 of the sleeve 33 corresponding to the first slider 21 and the guide groove 35 of the sleeve 33 corresponding to the second slider 22 rotate in opposite directions, the rotation direction and angle of the two rotating rods 23 are consistent until the pressure sensor 12 reaches the design threshold and transmits the electrical signal to the controller 13. At this time, the three grinding wheels 26 simultaneously abut against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin 6, so that the ball head pin 6 is coaxial with the axis of the fixed disk 11, thereby positioning the ball head pin 6. Then the controller 13 controls the second power component 286 to stop working and records the working stroke of the second power component 286.

[0055] Simultaneously, the controller 13 controls the first power component 285 to work, driving the first rotating disk 281 to rotate, thereby causing the first slider 21 to slide a certain distance, so that the protruding end of the switching block 393 is separated from the inner wall of the fixed disk 11. At this time, the switching block 393 slides in the switching cylinder 391 under the elastic force, so that the switching hole 394 and the connecting hole 392 are misaligned, thereby keeping the two piston chambers 32 in a blocked state, thus keeping the rotating rod 23 fixed, thereby keeping the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 26 perpendicular to the generatrix of the ball head pin 6 tapered rod 62, and at the same time keeping the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 perpendicular to the generatrix of the ball head pin 6 tapered rod 62.

[0056] Then, the controller 13 controls the fifth power component 43 and the sixth power component 44 to work, driving the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 to move closer to each other, so that the side walls of the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 that move closer to each other abut against the bottom surfaces of the spherical part 61 and the handle part 63 of the ball head pin 6, respectively, thereby clamping and fixing the ball head pin 6. At the same time, the punch 46 forms a recess on the ball head pin 6, which facilitates the provision of a precise centering reference for subsequent machining.

[0057] Next, the controller 13 controls the fourth power component 27 to drive the grinding wheel 26 to rotate, so as to simultaneously grind the three positions of the tapered rod 62, thereby removing the oxide scale and decarburized layer from the surface of the ball head pin 6 blank forging and grinding out a smooth inspection surface. Since the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 26 is perpendicular to the generatrix of the tapered rod 62 of the ball head pin 6 at this time, the risk of axial movement of the ball head pin 6 during grinding is reduced, so that the grinding depth and size of the three inspection surfaces are consistent, improving the stability of grinding quality, and reducing the risk of the ball head pin 6 being scrapped due to excessive grinding on one side caused by deviation from the axis, thus reducing processing losses.

[0058] Then, the second power component 286 operates, driving the second rotating disk 282 to reverse, thereby causing the three second sliders 22 to slide away from each other, separating the grinding wheel 26 from the ball head pin 6, until the second sliders 22 slide to their initial positions. Then, the fifth power component 43 and the sixth power component 44 operate, driving the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 to rise synchronously until the first slider 21 corresponds to the cone rod part 62 of the ball head pin 6. At this time, the second slider 22 corresponds to the handle part 63 of the ball head pin 6. Then, the controller 13 controls the first power component 285 to operate, and makes the total working stroke of the first power component 285 consistent with the working stroke of the second power component 286 in the previous operation, so that the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 is close to and corresponds to the detection surface.

[0059] Next, the controller 13 controls the second power component 286 to stop working and controls the third power component 25 to work, driving the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 to slide and keeping the probe stably pressed against the detection surface, so as to realize the simultaneous detection of the hardness of the three positions of the ball head pin 6 cone rod 62, improving the detection efficiency. At this time, the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 is kept facing the axis of the ball head pin 6 and perpendicular to the detection surface, so that the probe is pressed against the detection surface, making it less likely to generate eccentric torque and improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0060] After the ball head pin 6 cone rod 62 is inspected, the first power component 285 drives the first rotating disk 281 to reverse, thereby causing the three second sliders 22 to slide away from each other until the first slider 21 slides to the initial position. At this time, the protruding end of the switching block 393 presses against the inner peripheral wall of the fixed disk 11, keeping the two piston chambers 32 connected. Under the action of the torsion spring 34, the rotating rod 23 rotates to the initial position, which is convenient for the next grinding and hardness test. Then, the above steps are repeated to realize the hardness test of the ball head pin 6 handle rod 63.

[0061] Through the above steps, the coordination and consistency of the sliding block sliding, the rotation of the grinding wheel 26 and the rotation of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 probe toward the test surface are improved, thereby improving the hardness testing accuracy and efficiency, and enhancing the automation of grinding and hardness testing of the ball head pin 6, further improving testing efficiency.

[0062] After the ball head pin 6 handle 63 is inspected, the fifth power component 43 and the sixth power component 44 work to drive the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 to rise synchronously, thereby raising the ball head pin 6. This makes it easier for the fixed plate 11 and the rotating plate to block the movement of the ball head pin 6, and facilitates the unloading of the inspected ball head pin 6.

[0063] To enable automated unloading of the ball head pin 6, a conveyor assembly 5 is installed on the workbench 1, as shown in the reference... Figure 7The conveying assembly 5 includes a guide plate 51 mounted on a fixed disk 11. One end of the guide plate 51 is located at the axis of the fixed disk 11 and between the first slider 21 and the second slider 22. The other end of the guide plate 51 is inclined upward along the radial direction of the fixed disk 11. The guide plate 51 has a guide groove 52 along its own inclined direction. The end of the guide groove 52 away from the fixed disk 11 is open. The spherical part 61 of the ball head pin 6 is slidably adapted to the top wall of the guide plate 51, and the diameter of the cone part 62 of the ball head pin 6 is smaller than the width of the guide groove 52. When it is necessary to test ball head pins 6 of different sizes, such as the upper and lower ball head pins 6 of automobile suspension, it can be done by replacing the guide plate 51 of different corresponding sizes. Both the synchronous disk and the fixed disk 11 have notches for the ball head to pass through.

[0064] Reference Figure 1 The workbench 1 is equipped with a push plate feeder 53 and a feeding structure 56 for clamping and feeding the inspected ball heads. The output end of the push plate feeder corresponds to the top of the guide plate 51. In this application, the feeding structure 56 includes a feeding block 561 slidably connected to the workbench 1. The sliding direction of the feeding block 561 is consistent with the width direction of the workbench 1 and the radius direction of the fixed plate 11. The feeding block 561 is movably located directly above the fixed plate 11. The bottom of the feeding block 561 is fixed with a ball head. The pneumatic gripper 562 is clamped by the ball part 61 of pin 6. A lead screw 563 is rotatably connected to the worktable 1. The rotation axis of the lead screw 563 is consistent with the sliding direction of the unloading block 561. A nut 564 is threaded onto the lead screw 563. The unloading block 561 is connected to the nut 564. A drive motor 565 that drives the lead screw 563 to rotate and an unloading conveyor belt 566 are fixed on the worktable 1. The unloading conveyor belt 566 is located below the unloading block 561 and is arranged opposite to the push plate feeder 53.

[0065] To achieve the sequential feeding of ball head pin 6, refer to Figure 8 The conveying assembly 5 also includes a blocking block 54 rotatably connected to the worktable 1. The blocking block 54 is located on one side of the fixed disk 11 and directly below the guide plate 51. The blocking block 54 is semi-cylindrical and its rotation axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the fixed disk 11. The inner and outer peripheral walls of the blocking block 54 are respectively movably pressed against the outer peripheral walls of the handle rods 63 of the two adjacent ball-head pins 6. A seventh power component 55 is provided on the worktable 1 to drive the blocking block 54 to rotate. The seventh power component 55 is electrically connected to the controller 13. In this application, the seventh power component 55 is a rotary cylinder.

[0066] When feeding the ball head pin 6, the ball head pin 6 is conveyed to the guide plate 51 by the push plate feeder 53. At this time, the axis of the ball head pin 6 is parallel to the layout direction of the guide plate 51, and the spherical part 61 of the ball head pin 6 slides and fits against the top wall of the guide plate 51.

[0067] Then, under the action of gravity, the ball pin 6 slides along the guide plate toward the fixed plate 11. At the same time, since the diameter of the cone part 62 of the ball pin 6 is smaller than the width of the guide groove 52, the ball pin 6 rotates under the action of gravity, so that the axis of the ball pin 6 is in a vertical state until the peripheral wall of the handle part 63 of the ball pin 6 abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the blocking block 54, so that the multiple ball pins 6 to be tested are arranged vertically in sequence on the guide plate 51.

[0068] When the photoelectric sensor 45 does not detect any obstruction on the axis of the fixed disk 11, it indicates that the ball head pin 6 has been unloaded and the upper and lower push rods 42 are in their initial positions. At this time, the photoelectric sensor 45 transmits an electrical signal to the controller 13. The controller 13 controls the seventh power component 55 to work, driving the blocking block 54 to rotate 180° and reset. When the blocking block 54 rotates 180°, the ball head pin 6 near the fixed disk 11 continues to slide along the guide plate under gravity until the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin 6 is in contact with the side wall of the guide groove 52 away from the opening end. At this time, the ball head pin 6 is located on the axis of the fixed disk 11, realizing the loading of the ball head pin 6.

[0069] Simultaneously, the next adjacent ball pin 6 moves and abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the blocking block 54. As the blocking block 54 resets, the next ball pin 6 slides under gravity until it abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the blocking block 54. By repeating the above steps, the ball pins 6 can be fed one by one. Since the hardness of the ball pins 6 is fully inspected, through the above scheme, after the push plate feeder 53 transports the ball pins 6 to the guide plate 51, the ball pins 6 can be transported to the grinding and inspection position of the fixed plate 11 by their own weight. This reduces the need for manual feeding or automated feeding steps such as robotic arms, thereby achieving the goal of saving energy.

[0070] When loading the ball head pin 6, the pneumatic gripper 562 clamps the spherical part 61 of the ball head pin 6. Then, the drive motor 565 drives the lead screw 563 to rotate, causing the nut 564 to slide against the unloading block 561. This moves the pneumatic gripper 562 and the ball head pin 6 to directly above the unloading conveyor belt 566. Then, the pneumatic gripper 562 releases the ball head pin 6, allowing it to fall onto the unloading conveyor belt 566, which then transports it to the next processing area. This achieves automated loading and unloading. Repeating the above steps enables automated continuous inspection of the ball head pin 6, improving inspection efficiency.

[0071] The implementation principle of the ball head pin blank forging detection device in this application embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to test the hardness of the ball head pin 6, the push plate feeder 53 conveys the ball head pin 6 to the guide plate 51. The ball head pin 6 slides along the guide plate under the action of gravity. At the same time, the ball head pin 6 rotates under the action of gravity, so that the axis of the ball head pin 6 is in a vertical state and abuts against the blocking block. Then, the controller 13 controls the seventh power component 55 to drive the blocking block 54 to rotate 180° and reset, so that the ball head pin 6 continues to slide to the axis of the fixed plate 11 under the action of gravity, and the blocking block 54 blocks the next adjacent ball head pin 6, so as to realize the feeding of ball head pins 6 one by one.

[0072] At this time, the photoelectric sensor 45 detects an obstruction at the axis of the fixed disk 11 and transmits an electrical signal to the controller 13. The controller 13 controls the second power component 286 to work, driving the second rotating disk 282 to rotate, and driving the synchronous column 283 and the second slider 22 to slide, so that the grinding wheel 26 presses against the ball head pin 6, and causes the corresponding rotating rod 23 and sleeve 33 to rotate, so that the guide column 36 slides in the guide groove 35, thereby driving the corresponding piston column 31 to slide. At this time, the two piston chambers 32 remain connected, so that the hydraulic oil squeezes and drives the piston column 31 corresponding to the first slider 21 to slide with the guide column 36, thereby driving the first slider 21 to slide. The sleeve 33 and the rotating rod 23 rotate, so that the rotation direction and angle of the two rotating rods 23 are consistent until the pressure sensor 12 reaches the design threshold and transmits the electrical signal to the controller 13. The controller 13 controls the first power component 285 to work, driving the first rotating disk 281 to rotate, so that the first slider 21 slides a distance, so that the protruding end of the switching block 393 separates from the inner wall of the fixed disk 11. Under the elastic force, the switching block 393 slides in the switching cylinder 391, so that the switching hole 394 and the connecting hole 392 are misaligned, so that the two piston chambers 32 are in a blocked state, thus keeping the rotating rod 23 fixed.

[0073] Then, the controller 13 controls the fifth power component 43 and the sixth power component 44 to work, driving the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 to move closer to each other, so that the side walls of the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 that move closer to each other abut against the bottom surfaces of the ball head pin 6, the spherical part 61 and the handle part 63 respectively, thereby achieving the clamping and fixing of the ball head pin 6.

[0074] The controller 13 controls the fourth power component 27 to drive the grinding wheel 26 to rotate, so as to simultaneously grind the three positions of the cone rod 62, thereby removing the oxide scale and decarburized layer from the surface of the ball head pin 6 blank forging and grinding out a smooth inspection surface.

[0075] Then the second power component 286 works to drive the second rotating disk 282 to reverse, thereby causing the three second sliders 22 to slide away from each other, so that the grinding wheel 26 separates from the ball head pin 6. Then the fifth power component 43 and the sixth power component 44 work to drive the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 to rise synchronously until the first slider 21 corresponds to the cone rod part 62 of the ball head pin 6. At this time, the second slider 22 corresponds to the handle part 63 of the ball head pin 6.

[0076] Then, the controller 13 controls the first power component 285 to work, and makes the total working stroke of the first power component 285 consistent with the working stroke of the second power component 286 in the previous operation, so that the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 is close to and corresponds to the detection surface. Immediately afterwards, the controller 13 controls the second power component 286 to stop working and controls the third power component 25 to work, driving the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 to slide, and keeping the probe stably pressed against the detection surface, so as to realize the synchronous detection of the hardness of the three positions of the cone rod 62 of the ball head pin 6.

[0077] After the ball head pin 6 cone rod 62 is inspected, the first power component 285 drives the first rotating disk 281 to reverse, thereby causing the three second sliders 22 to slide away from each other until the first slider 21 slides to the initial position. The two piston chambers 32 remain connected, and under the action of the torsion spring 34, the rotating rod 23 rotates to the initial position. Then, the above steps are repeated to achieve the hardness test of the ball head pin 6 handle rod 63.

[0078] After the ball head pin 6 handle 63 is inspected, the fifth power component 43 and the sixth power component 44 operate, driving the upper push rod 41 and the lower push rod 42 to rise synchronously, thus raising the ball head pin 6. This prevents the fixed plate 11 and the rotating plate from obstructing the movement of the ball head pin 6. Then, the pneumatic gripper 562 clamps the ball head pin 6, and the drive motor 565 drives the lead screw 563 to rotate, causing the nut 564 and the unloading block 561 to slide. This moves the pneumatic gripper 562 and the ball head pin 6 to directly above the unloading conveyor belt 566. Then, the pneumatic gripper 562 releases the ball head pin 6, allowing it to fall onto the unloading conveyor belt 566, which then transports it to the next processing area. Repeating the above steps achieves automated continuous inspection of the ball head pin 6.

[0079] This application discloses a method for inspecting ball head pin blank forgings. Based on a ball head pin blank forging inspection device, the method includes the following steps: S1: When it is necessary to test the hardness of the ball head pin 6, the push plate feeder 53 conveys the ball head pin 6 to the guide plate 51. Under the action of gravity, the ball head pin 6 slides along the guide plate to the axis of the fixed plate 11. Under the action of gravity, the ball head pin 6 rotates, so that the axis of the ball head pin 6 is in a vertical state, thus realizing the automatic feeding of the ball head pin 6. S2: Controller 13 controls the second power component 286 to work, driving the second rotating disk 282 to rotate, so that the three second sliders 22 slide close to the ball head pin 6, and the three grinding wheels 26 simultaneously press against the outer peripheral wall of the cone rod part 62 of the ball head pin 6 until the pressure sensor 12 reaches the design threshold, thereby positioning the ball head pin 6. Then, the fixing component 4 fixes the ball head pin 6, and at the same time, the adjusting component 3 adjusts the deflection angle of the other rotating rod 23 synchronously, so that the deflection angles of the two rotating rods 23 are consistent, and keeps the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 26 and the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 perpendicular to the generatrix of the cone rod part 62 of the ball head pin 6. S3: Controller 13 controls the fourth power component 27 to work, so as to simultaneously grind the three positions of the cone rod 62 and grind out a flat test surface. Then, controller 13 controls the second power component 286 to drive the second rotating disk 282 to rotate, so that the three second sliders 22 slide to the initial position. Then, the fixing component 4 drives the ball head pin 6 to rise, so that the first slider 21 corresponds to the cone rod 62 of the ball head pin 6. At this time, the second slider 22 corresponds to the handle rod 63 of the ball head pin 6. Then, controller 13 controls the first power component 285 to work, so that the first rotating disk 281 rotates, so that the three first sliders 21 slide synchronously, so that the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 is close to and corresponds to the test surface. S4: Controller 13 controls the third power component 25 to work, driving the ultrasonic hardness tester 24 to slide and keeping the probe stably pressed against the detection surface, so as to realize the synchronous detection of the hardness of the three positions of the ball head pin 6 and the cone rod 62. Controller 13 controls the first power component 285 to work, driving the first rotating disk 281 to rotate so that the three second sliders 22 slide to the initial position. At the same time, under the action of the adjusting component 3, the two rotating rods 23 rotate to the initial position. S5: Repeat steps S2-S4 above to grind and test the hardness of the ball head pin 6 handle 63. Then the fixing component 4 drives the ball head pin 6 to continue to rise until the ball head pin 6 is above the fixing plate 11. S6: The feeding structure 56 feeds the ball head pin 6 after the inspection is completed. Repeating the above steps can achieve continuous inspection of the ball head pin 6.

[0080] The above are all optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for testing ball-head pin blanks, characterized in that: It includes a workbench (1) and a fixed plate (11) disposed on the workbench (1). The fixed plate (11) is cylindrical. The ball head pin (6) is coaxially installed on the axis of the fixed plate (11). The workbench (1) is provided with a conveying assembly (5) for loading and unloading the ball head pin (6), a fixing assembly (4) for fixing and adjusting the height of the ball head pin (6), and a detection assembly (2) for detecting the hardness of the ball head pin (6). The detection component (2) is provided in three sets. The three sets of detection components (2) are evenly spaced along the perimeter of the fixed disk (11). The detection component (2) includes a sliding block that is slidably disposed on the fixed disk (11). The sliding block slides along the radius of the fixed disk (11), and one end of the sliding block protrudes from the inner peripheral wall of the fixed disk (11). The sliding block includes a first slider (21) and a second slider (22) arranged opposite to each other. The first slider (21) is located directly above the second slider (22). The protruding end of the sliding block is rotatably provided with a rotating rod (23). An ultrasonic hardness tester (24) and a third power component (25) for driving the ultrasonic hardness tester (24) to slide are slidably provided on the rotating rod (23) of the first slider (21). The probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester (24) is movably pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin (6). A grinding wheel (26) and a fourth power component (27) for driving the grinding wheel (26) to rotate are rotatably provided on the rotating rod (23) of the second slider (22). The grinding wheel (26) is movably pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the ball head pin (6). A driving component (28) for driving the three sets of sliding blocks to slide and an adjustment component (3) for synchronously adjusting the rotation angle of the two rotating rods (23) are provided on the fixed plate (11).

2. The ball-end pin blank forging testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component (28) includes a synchronization disk coaxially rotatably mounted on the fixed disk (11). The synchronization disk includes a first rotating disk (281) corresponding to the three first sliders (21) and a second rotating disk (282) corresponding to the three second sliders (22). Synchronization posts (283) are provided on the side walls of the first sliders (21) and the second sliders (22) that are far apart from each other. The synchronization disk has three inclined synchronization slots (284). The three synchronization slots (284) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the synchronization disk. The three synchronization posts (283) correspond one-to-one with the three synchronization slots (284), and the synchronization posts (283) and the inner side walls of the synchronization slots (284) are movably pressed together. The fixed disk (11) is provided with a first power component (285) and a second power component (286) that drive the first rotating disk (281) and the second rotating disk (282) to rotate respectively. The worktable (1) is provided with a controller (13) and a pressure sensor (12) that detects the force exerted by the second power component (286) on the second rotating disk (282). The pressure sensor (12), the first power component (285), the second power component (286), the third power component (25), and the fourth power component (27) drive component (28) are all electrically connected to the controller (13).

3. The ball-end pin blank forging testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the first slider (21) and the second slider (22) have piston chambers (32) filled with hydraulic oil. The adjusting assembly (3) includes a piston rod (31) slidably disposed in the piston chamber (32). The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod (31) is in movable contact with the inner peripheral wall of the piston chamber (32). The end of the rotating rod (23) is coaxially provided with a sleeve (33), and a torsion spring (34) is provided at the pivot of the rotating rod (23). One end of the piston rod (31) protrudes movably from the piston chamber (32) and is coaxially inserted into the sleeve (33). 33) A spiral guide groove (35) is provided on the outer peripheral wall, and the guide groove (35) of the first slider (21) corresponding to the sleeve (33) and the guide groove (35) of the second slider (22) corresponding to the sleeve (33) have opposite rotation directions. A guide post (36) is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the piston column (31). The guide post (36) is movably located in the guide groove (35) and is movably abutted against the inner side wall of the guide groove (35). A limiting structure (37) is provided on the sliding block to restrict the rotation of the piston column (31). A switching component (39) is provided on the sliding block to connect or block the two piston chambers (32).

4. The ball head pin blank forging inspection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switching component (39) includes a switching cylinder (391) disposed on the first slider (21). The switching cylinder (391) is connected to the piston chamber (32) corresponding to the first slider (21). A connecting hole (392) is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the switching cylinder (391). A connecting hose is provided at the connecting hole (392) of the switching cylinder (391). One end of the connecting hose away from the switching cylinder (391) is connected to the piston chamber (32) corresponding to the first slider (21). A switching block (393) is coaxially and elastically slidably disposed inside the switching cylinder (391). The outer peripheral wall of the switching block (393) is movably fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the switching cylinder (391). The switching block (393) is provided with a switching hole (394). One open end of the switching hole (394) is located on the side wall of the switching block (393), and the other open end of the switching hole (394) is located on the outer peripheral wall of the switching block (393) and corresponds movably to the connecting hole (392). One end of the switching block (393) is movably protruding from the side wall of the switching cylinder (391) and is movably abutting against the inner peripheral wall of the fixed plate (11).

5. The ball-end pin blank forging testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (4) includes an upper push rod (41) and a lower push rod (42) coaxially and vertically mounted on the worktable (1). A ball head pin (6) is movably located between the upper push rod (41) and the lower push rod (42). The side walls of the upper push rod (41) and the lower push rod (42) that are close to each other are respectively movably abutted against the end face of the ball head pin (6) spherical part (61) and the handle part (63). The worktable (1) is provided with a fifth power member (43) and a sixth power member (44) that drive the upper push rod (41) and the lower push rod (42) to rise and fall respectively. A photoelectric sensor (45) is fixed on the fixed disk (11). The photoelectric sensor (45) is arranged facing the axis of the fixed disk (11). The photoelectric sensor (45), the fifth power member (43) and the sixth power member (44) are electrically connected to the controller (13).

6. The ball-end pin blank forging testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (5) includes a guide plate (51) disposed on the fixed disk (11). One end of the guide plate (51) is located at the axis of the fixed disk (11) and between the first slider (21) and the second slider (22). The other end of the guide plate (51) is inclined upward along the radial direction of the fixed disk (11). The guide plate (51) has a guide groove (52) along its own inclined direction. The end of the guide groove (52) away from the fixed disk (11) is open. The ball head pin (6) The spherical part (61) slides and adapts to the top wall of the guide plate (51), and the diameter of the cone part (62) of the ball head pin (6) is smaller than the width of the guide groove (52). The synchronous disk and the fixed disk (11) are both provided with notches for the ball head to pass through. The worktable (1) is provided with a push plate feeder (53) and a feeding structure (56) for clamping and feeding the ball head after testing. The push plate feeder (53) and the feeding structure (56) are arranged opposite to each other. The output end of the push plate feeder corresponds to the top of the guide plate (51).

7. The ball-end pin blank forging testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (5) further includes a blocking block (54) rotatably mounted on the worktable (1). The blocking block (54) is located on one side of the fixed disk (11) and directly below the guide plate (51). The blocking block (54) is semi-cylindrical. The inner and outer peripheral walls of the blocking block (54) are respectively movably abutted against the outer peripheral walls of the handles (63) of two adjacent ball-head pins (6). The worktable (1) is provided with a seventh power component (55) that drives the blocking block (54) to rotate. The seventh power component (55) is electrically connected to the controller (13).

8. A method for inspecting ball head pin blank forgings, employing the ball head pin blank forging inspection device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The following steps are adopted: S1: When it is necessary to test the hardness of the ball head pin (6), the push plate feeder (53) conveys the ball head pin (6) to the guide plate (51). Under the action of gravity, the ball head pin (6) slides along the guide plate to the axis of the fixed plate (11). Under the action of gravity, the ball head pin (6) rotates, so that the axis of the ball head pin (6) is in a vertical state, thus realizing the automatic feeding of the ball head pin (6). S2: The controller (13) controls the second power component (286) to work, driving the second rotating disk (282) to rotate, so that the three second sliders (22) slide close to the ball head pin (6), so that the three grinding wheels (26) simultaneously press against the outer peripheral wall of the cone part (62) of the ball head pin (6) until the pressure sensor (12) reaches the design threshold, thereby positioning the ball head pin (6). Then the fixing component (4) fixes the ball head pin (6), and at the same time the adjusting component (3) adjusts the deflection angle of another rotating rod (23) synchronously, so that the deflection angles of the two rotating rods (23) are consistent, and the rotation axis of the grinding wheel (26) and the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester (24) are both perpendicular to the generatrix of the cone part (62) of the ball head pin (6). S3: The controller (13) controls the fourth power component (27) to work, realize the synchronous grinding of the three positions of the cone rod (62), and grind out a flat detection surface. Then the controller (13) controls the second power component (286) to drive the second rotating disk (282) to rotate, so that the three second sliders (22) slide to the initial position. Then the fixing component (4) drives the ball head pin (6) to rise, so that the first slider (21) corresponds to the cone rod (62) of the ball head pin (6). At this time, the second slider (22) corresponds to the handle (63) of the ball head pin (6). Then the controller (13) controls the first power component (285) to work, drive the first rotating disk (281) to rotate, realize the synchronous sliding of the three first sliders (21), so that the probe of the ultrasonic hardness tester (24) is close to and corresponds to the detection surface. S4: The controller (13) controls the third power component (25) to work, driving the ultrasonic hardness tester (24) to slide and keeping the probe stably pressed against the detection surface, so as to realize the synchronous detection of the hardness of the three positions of the ball head pin (6) and the cone rod (62). The controller (13) controls the first power component (285) to work, driving the first rotating disk (281) to rotate so that the three second sliders (22) slide to the initial position. At the same time, under the action of the adjustment component (3), the two rotating rods (23) rotate to the initial position. S5: Repeat steps S2-S4 above to grind and test the hardness of the ball head pin (6) handle (63), and then the fixing component (4) drives the ball head pin (6) to continue to rise until the ball head pin (6) is above the fixing plate (11). S6: The feeding structure (56) feeds the ball head pin (6) after the inspection is completed. Repeating the above steps can realize the continuous inspection of the ball head pin (6).

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