Hydropower plant zero-rise voltage control method and system thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a zero-voltage step-up control method and system for a hydropower plant, which comprises the following steps: controlling the rotating speed of a generator set to a rated rotating speed, and establishing an electric circuit for zero-voltage step-up; based on a zero-voltage step-up starting instruction, controlling an excitation system to gradually increase the voltage of the generator set from zero to a rated voltage according to a preset step-up strategy, and collecting operating parameters of the generator set; judging whether the operating parameters of the generator set exceed a safety threshold; if yes, performing a safety intervention operation; otherwise, after the voltage of the generator set is increased to the rated voltage, ending the step-up and generating test data. According to the application, based on the zero-voltage step-up starting instruction, the excitation system gradually increases the voltage of the generator set from zero to the rated voltage according to the preset step-up strategy, and the operating parameters of the generator set are collected synchronously, so that the control logic of the step-up process is solidified into a system program, and the step-up rate fluctuation and step omission caused by experience difference or negligence in manual operation are eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydroelectric generators, specifically to a zero-start-up pressure control method and system for hydroelectric power plants. Background Technology

[0002] Zero-start voltage boost is a critical test for hydroelectric generator sets after commissioning, major overhaul, or maintenance of important equipment. It is used to verify the insulation performance of generators, main transformers, and related high-voltage equipment, as well as the correctness of measurement circuits and protection devices. It also significantly shortens on-site inspection and operation time and improves equipment utilization efficiency.

[0003] Traditional zero-start boosting operations rely on operators manually performing isolation, inspection, startup, segmented boosting, parameter monitoring, and recording steps one by one. This has the following drawbacks: Cumbersome and time-consuming operation: numerous steps, each requiring manual confirmation, resulting in low testing efficiency; high safety risks: manual operation is prone to oversights, such as incomplete isolation, incorrect protection activation / deactivation, or improper boosting rate control, potentially leading to equipment damage or personal injury; low standardization: operational quality depends on operator experience, and execution standards may differ between personnel or power plants, making test results incomparable; incomplete data recording: manual data recording may contain omissions or errors, hindering subsequent equipment status analysis and fault diagnosis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and system for zero-start pressure boosting control in hydropower plants, which can solve the limitations of existing technologies, such as cumbersome operation, high safety risks, insufficient standardization, and inadequate data value mining, in the manual execution of zero-start pressure boosting tests.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for zero-start-up pressure control in a hydropower plant, comprising: Control the generator set speed to the rated speed and establish an electrical circuit for zero-start voltage boost; Based on the zero-start voltage boosting start command, the excitation system is controlled to gradually increase the generator voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to the preset segmented voltage boosting strategy, and the unit operating parameters are collected. Determine whether the unit's operating parameters exceed safety thresholds; If so, perform safety intervention procedures; Otherwise, once the generator voltage reaches the rated voltage, the voltage increase will stop and test data will be generated.

[0006] In one implementation, before controlling the excitation system according to a preset segmented voltage boosting strategy based on the zero-start voltage boosting command, a preparation phase is also included: Verify whether the unit meets the startup conditions; if the startup conditions are met, generate the zero-start boost start command. The starting conditions include: the generator set output circuit breaker and disconnector are in the open state, the generator set speed reaches the rated speed, the excitation system is in standby state and there is no fault alarm, the protection device trip output has been withdrawn but the monitoring function is normal, and the zero-start voltage boosting process function pressure plate has been put into operation.

[0007] In one embodiment, the control excitation system gradually increases the generator voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to a preset segmented voltage increase strategy. Specific steps include: Raise the generator voltage to the initial voltage target; The generator set voltage is controlled to rise from the initial voltage target at a preset voltage rise rate, sequentially passing through multiple preset key nodes to reach the rated voltage. When the generator set voltage rises to any preset key node, it enters a holding timer state, records and judges whether the voltage rise data is abnormal. If there is no abnormality, the voltage rise continues to the next preset key node after the holding timer state ends; otherwise, the voltage rise process is paused.

[0008] In one implementation, when controlling the generator set voltage to rise to the rated voltage from the initial voltage target at a preset boost rate, sequentially passing through multiple preset key nodes: The actual value of the generator set voltage is collected and compared with the voltage set value. If the deviation between the actual value of the generator set voltage and the voltage set value exceeds the preset voltage threshold, an early warning signal is issued and the voltage boosting is suspended. The voltage rise rate is calculated in real time. If the voltage rise rate exceeds a preset rise rate limit or the excitation current exceeds a preset current threshold, a reverse adjustment operation is performed or the demagnetizing switch is controlled to trip in an emergency.

[0009] In one embodiment, when controlling the generator set voltage to rise to the rated voltage from the initial voltage target at a preset boost rate, sequentially passing through multiple preset key nodes, the method further includes: Detect whether the voltage fluctuation amplitude exceeds the preset fluctuation threshold; Detect whether the stator current exceeds the preset current safety threshold; Detect whether the voltage imbalance exceeds the preset imbalance threshold; Check whether the temperature of the detection equipment exceeds the preset temperature limit; Check whether the unit's vibration exceeds the preset vibration limit; When any test result exceeds the corresponding preset limit, a safety intervention operation is performed.

[0010] In one implementation, the preset boost rate and multiple preset key nodes are determined based on a nonlinear target boost curve; The method further includes a step of generating a nonlinear target voltage boost curve: retrieving historical zero-start voltage boost data or no-load characteristic data of the generator set and identifying its magnetic saturation inflection point voltage; generating a nonlinear target voltage boost curve based on the magnetic saturation inflection point voltage, wherein the nonlinear target voltage boost curve includes a linear region and a saturation region; The boost rate corresponding to the linear region is taken as the first boost rate, and the boost rate corresponding to the saturation region is taken as the second boost rate. The first boost rate and the second boost rate constitute the preset boost rate. Set the magnetic saturation inflection point voltage value as a preset key node.

[0011] In one embodiment, after stopping the voltage boost and generating test data when no safety threshold is detected and the generator set voltage reaches the rated voltage, the method further includes: The test data was uploaded to the equipment lifecycle management platform to train the digital twin model; Based on the analysis results of the test data using the trained digital twin model, an analysis report containing equipment health assessment and maintenance recommendations is generated.

[0012] In one implementation, when collecting unit operating parameters, the unit operating parameters are collected in real time at a preset sampling rate.

[0013] In one embodiment, when collecting unit operating parameters, the method further includes: Collect and fuse electrical quantities, non-electrical quantities, and generator discharge signals; The fused signal is analyzed based on an anomaly detection model to identify potential fault characteristics; When a potential fault characteristic is identified, an early warning is issued before the unit's operating parameters exceed the safety threshold, and the risk type and handling suggestions are indicated.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a zero-start voltage boosting control system for a hydropower plant, comprising: a first module, a second module, and a third module; the first module controls the generator set speed to the rated speed and establishes an electrical circuit for zero-start voltage boosting; the second module controls the excitation system to gradually boost the generator set voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to a preset segmented voltage boosting strategy based on the zero-start voltage boosting start command, and collects the unit operating parameters; the third module determines whether the unit operating parameters exceed the safety threshold. If so, it performs a safety intervention operation; otherwise, after the generator set voltage reaches the rated voltage, it ends the voltage boosting and generates test data.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: This application provides a zero-start voltage boosting control method and system for a hydropower plant. Based on a zero-start voltage boosting command, the excitation system is controlled to automatically and gradually increase the generator voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to a preset segmented voltage boosting strategy, while simultaneously collecting unit operating parameters. This solidifies the control logic of the voltage boosting process into a system program, eliminating fluctuations in the voltage boosting rate and omissions in steps caused by experience differences or negligence during manual operation, ensuring standardized execution of the test process. By judging whether the unit operating parameters exceed safety thresholds in real time during the voltage boosting process and executing safety intervention operations when they are determined to exceed them, the system can automatically trigger protection actions the instant abnormal parameters are detected. Compared to relying on manual monitoring of meters, this significantly shortens the response time to abnormal states and reduces the possibility of equipment damage due to parameter malfunction. By ending the voltage boosting process after the generator voltage reaches the rated voltage and generating test data, the system achieves automatic collection and electronic archiving of key data throughout the entire test process, avoiding timing errors or numerical errors that may occur with manual data recording, ensuring the integrity and traceability of the test data. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the zero-start-up pressure control method for hydropower plants in this application; Figure 2 This is a detailed flowchart of step 102 of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process for generating the nonlinear target boost curve in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] This application provides a method and system for zero-start pressure boosting control in hydropower plants, which can solve the limitations of existing technologies, such as cumbersome operation, high safety risks, insufficient standardization, and inadequate data value mining, in the manual execution of zero-start pressure boosting tests.

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for zero-start-up pressure control in a hydropower plant, comprising: 101: Control the generator set speed to start automatically or manually to the rated speed, check that the unit vibration, swing, bearing temperature, cooling system and other functions are normal, and establish an electrical circuit for zero-start voltage rise. When establishing the electrical circuit, the electrical isolation conditions must be met. The electrical isolation conditions include at least: the generator output circuit breaker and isolating switch are open, a dedicated test electrical path is established between the generator, main transformer and step-up bus, the field de-energizing switch is open and the excitation power supply is isolated, and the electrical braking system is reliably deactivated. 102: Based on the zero-start voltage boost start command, control the excitation system to gradually increase the generator voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to the preset segmented voltage boost strategy, switch the excitation regulator to "manual" or "voltage closed-loop control" mode, exit the "system voltage tracking" and "residual voltage start excitation" functions, put into the "zero-start voltage boost" function, and collect the unit operating parameters; 103: Determine whether the unit's operating parameters exceed the safety threshold; 104: If so, perform safety intervention procedures; 105: Otherwise, after the generator set voltage reaches the rated voltage, the voltage boosting will stop and test data will be generated.

[0021] In this application, by using a zero-start voltage boosting command, the excitation system is controlled to automatically and gradually increase the generator voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to a preset segmented voltage boosting strategy, while simultaneously collecting unit operating parameters. This solidifies the control logic of the voltage boosting process into a system program, eliminating fluctuations in the voltage boosting rate and omissions in steps caused by experience differences or negligence during manual operation, and ensuring standardized execution of the test process. By judging whether the unit operating parameters exceed the safety threshold in real time during the voltage boosting process, and performing safety intervention operations when it is determined that they exceed the threshold, the system can automatically trigger protection actions the moment abnormal parameters are detected. Compared with the method of relying on manual monitoring of meters, this significantly shortens the response time of abnormal states and reduces the possibility of equipment damage due to parameter malfunction. By ending the voltage boosting and generating test data after the generator voltage reaches the rated voltage, the automatic collection and electronic archiving of key data throughout the test process is realized, avoiding the timing errors or numerical errors that may occur during manual data recording, and ensuring the integrity and traceability of the test data.

[0022] To implement the above method, the professional knowledge, operating procedures, and safety guidelines for zero-start boost testing are programmed and encapsulated as a high-level application function module on top of the monitoring system. This module interacts with field equipment through a standard industrial communication interface to achieve fully automated control and intelligent safety monitoring. The zero-start boost process control engine is deployed on the monitoring system server, embedding a process logic controller, setpoint generator, data processor, and safety logic checker. It is responsible for core logic operations and instruction distribution, ensuring the accuracy of control timing.

[0023] The human-machine interface provides a dedicated zero-start voltage boosting operation interface on the operator station of the monitoring system. It includes a process control button area, a key parameter setting area, a real-time trend curve display area, a process information display area, and a key equipment status indicator area. The key parameter setting area is used to set the target voltage, boosting rate, and voltage holding time at each stage. The real-time trend curve display area dynamically displays the curves of the set values ​​and actual measured values ​​of voltage and excitation current. The process information display area centrally displays the entire process operation log and alarm information. The key equipment status indicator area intuitively displays the real-time status of key equipment such as circuit breakers, excitation regulation systems, and protection devices in the form of indicator lights.

[0024] In addition, a data interface layer and an intelligent safety interlocking and early warning unit are also included. The data interface layer utilizes the existing communication driver of the monitoring system to achieve real-time bidirectional data exchange with the excitation regulation system, relay protection devices, generator-transformer unit protection devices, plant power system, and auxiliary equipment of the hydro-generator. This ensures the accurate transmission of control commands and feedback information. Developed based on the existing monitoring system architecture, it requires no large-scale hardware modifications and has good compatibility and promotional value. The intelligent safety interlocking and early warning unit not only executes local logic but also supports collaborative training of a global optimization model through a remote data platform and distributed learning technology. While ensuring data privacy and security, it continuously improves the accuracy of early warnings and the adaptability of control strategies, forming a protection system that combines local decision-making with cloud-based intelligence.

[0025] Before the zero-start boost control process is initiated, this application performs a phased pre-test preparation and inspection process. This process strictly follows the time sequence logic that physical environment and management status verification takes precedence over electrical logic condition verification. The two constitute a serial dependency relationship and together form a safety access barrier.

[0026] First, during the test preparation phase, the monitoring system sends resource requests to the cloud management platform. The platform coordinates scheduling based on the plans of each power plant to avoid impacts on the regional power grid. The system communicates bidirectionally with the ePMS system through the data interface layer, automatically extracting and retrieving the completion status and handover confirmation information of maintenance work. It verifies that the maintenance work of the generator and main transformer system has been completed, the evacuation signal of the workers has been confirmed, the equipment connection reliability data is correct, and there are no leftover objects registered. This achieves digital closed-loop management of maintenance status and operation status, avoiding safety hazards caused by information asymmetry. Second, regarding on-site physical safety measures, the methods include generating a temporary safety measure removal confirmation list, verifying the removal status feedback of temporary grounding wires, fences, and warning tapes, collecting all work permits, removing temporary safety measures, and restoring permanent barriers and signs. It also checks and removes temporary wiring in the excitation system terminal box and main transformer protection panel, and measures the resistance between terminals through the insulation detection unit to confirm that there are no leftover conductive loops, preventing short circuit faults caused by leftover foreign objects during the voltage boosting process. Finally, the system synchronously collects the valve opening signals of the generator and main transformer cooling system, the oil level sensor data of the lubricating oil tank, and the operating status signal of the excitation system cooling fan. It determines whether the preset standard threshold is met, and activates the relevant protection and fault recording devices for the generator and main transformer, deactivates the automatic reclosing and failure protection that may malfunction, retains the necessary backup protection, and finally confirms that all equipment meets the physical start-up conditions.

[0027] The system generates a physical preparation completion flag only after all the above physical environment and management status checks have passed. This flag serves as an enable signal to trigger the second stage of electrical logic condition verification: verifying whether the unit meets the startup conditions. If the startup conditions are met, a zero-start voltage boosting startup command is generated. This preparation stage serves as a pre-logic interlocking link in the voltage boosting process. The system automatically traverses the status signals of key equipment to ensure that the physical environment and logical status meet the test requirements, preventing the risks of voltage boosting under load or asynchronous grid connection. A zero-start voltage boosting startup command is generated only after all conditions are met, triggering the subsequent excitation control process and realizing the logical switch from the static state to the voltage boosting state.

[0028] The starting conditions include: the generator set's output circuit breaker and disconnector are in the open state; the generator set speed reaches the rated speed; the excitation system is in standby state and there is no fault alarm; the protection device's trip output has been withdrawn but the monitoring function is normal; and the zero-start voltage boosting process function pressure plate has been put into operation.

[0029] Specifically, before the process starts, the system automatically checks the following "soft pressure plate" or logical conditions. Only after all conditions are met is the system allowed to enter the "one-click zero-start voltage boost interface". The specific verification logic includes: the system collects the position signals of the generator set's outlet circuit breaker and disconnector in real time through the data interface layer to confirm that they are in the open state, so as to physically isolate the grid voltage interference and prevent the risk of asynchronous grid connection; at the same time, it collects the unit speed signal to confirm that the unit speed has reached the rated speed (e.g., 100%) and confirms mechanical stability; it queries the excitation system status word to confirm that the excitation system is in the "local" or "automatic" standby state, with no fault alarms, and confirms that the control source is ready; the trip outputs of relevant protection devices (such as generator-transformer differential, overvoltage, and overexcitation protection) have been deactivated (or put into signal alarm mode), but the monitoring function remains normal to prevent transient current from accidentally triggering tripping during the test; and it checks the logical state of the zero-start voltage boost process function pressure plate to confirm that the function pressure plate has been activated.

[0030] If any of the above conditions are not met, the system will lock the generation of the zero-start voltage boost start command and issue a specific missing condition alarm in the process information display area, indicating the currently unmet item. Only when all verification items pass the logical judgment will the system determine that the start conditions are met, generate the zero-start voltage boost start command, and allow the process control engine to take over the excitation system. According to the preset segmented voltage boost strategy, the generator voltage will be gradually increased from zero to the rated voltage, thereby achieving a seamless and safe switch from the preparation stage to the execution stage and ensuring that the equipment status is fully under control before the test start.

[0031] During the execution phase, the monitoring system sequentially performs the following steps: First, the system initiates the startup and stabilizes the unit to its rated speed. It sends a start command to the speed governor and monitors the unit speed feedback signal in real time. Once the speed fluctuation range converges within the allowable deviation of the rated value and remains stable for a preset time, the unit is deemed stable, ensuring mechanical vibration is within a safe range and providing a stable frequency basis for voltage boosting. Subsequently, the system automatically closes the generator and main transformer high-voltage side test switches, establishing an electrical circuit for zero-start voltage boosting. After the closing command is issued, the system acquires the auxiliary contact signal of the switch position to confirm that the switch is in the closed position and the circuit is conducting normally, preventing voltage boosting failure due to poor contact. This provides a complete electrical path for the excitation system, ensuring a unique and reliable voltage boosting path, avoiding interference from non-test circuits, and forming an independent test electrical environment.

[0032] Entering the voltage boosting and monitoring sub-stage, the monitoring system controls the excitation system to start and boost the voltage, increasing the excitation current at a preset rate to avoid voltage surges impacting the insulation. During the voltage boosting process, the data acquisition unit continuously records voltage and current waveform data at a sampling rate higher than the power frequency, ensuring the capture of high-frequency transient components and weak signals to meet harmonic analysis requirements. The data processor extracts characteristic quantities in real time, including harmonic content and partial discharge pulses, analyzing waveform distortion and insulation status to identify early signs of insulation degradation. Simultaneously, the monitoring system continuously monitors the changing trends of various parameters. When the rate of change or fluctuation amplitude of key parameters exceeds the early warning threshold dynamically generated based on historical data, it determines the existence of potential anomalies and issues an early warning. The threshold is adaptively adjusted according to the aging of the equipment, providing a buffer observation period. If the instantaneous value of a parameter triggers a hard lockout condition, such as a voltage surge or current exceeding the limit, the system immediately interrupts the process and executes demagnetization shutdown, cutting off the excitation power supply to protect the equipment from damage, prevent the fault from escalating, and ensure the intrinsic safety of the equipment. The logical judgment has higher priority than the voltage boosting command.

[0033] During voltage boosting, the system also monitors the physical condition of the equipment, covering the generator, main transformer, busbars, and supporting insulators. The system uses partial discharge sensors and audio acquisition devices to monitor for discharge phenomena and abnormal noises. Combined with smoke sensors, it confirms the absence of burning smells, smoke, or other abnormal conditions, ensuring the integrity of the insulation medium. Any discharge or odor signal is considered a sign of insulation failure and incorporated into safety interlocking logic, enabling automated inspection of the equipment's appearance, replacing manual visual inspection, and ensuring timely detection of abnormal conditions.

[0034] In addition, the system continuously monitors the unit's mechanical and thermal parameters, including unit vibration, runout, and bearing temperature. The system compares the real-time collected vibration amplitude, runout value, and temperature data with preset allowable ranges to ensure that unit vibration, runout, and bearing temperature remain within acceptable limits. If any parameter exceeds the threshold, the system determines that the mechanical condition is abnormal and executes safety intervention operations to prevent mechanical damage. This comprehensive, synchronous monitoring of electrical, physical, and mechanical conditions ensures equipment safety during the pressurization process.

[0035] After reaching the rated voltage, the system automatically records the no-load characteristic curve, measures the shaft voltage and shaft current, completes the demagnetizing switch opening and closing test, and checks the demagnetizing performance. During curve recording, the system simultaneously records the relationship between the excitation current and stator voltage, forming a characteristic data cluster used to assess magnetic circuit saturation and core condition. Data points are stored in segments according to voltage levels. Shaft voltage measurement uses a dedicated sensor to collect the potential difference between the two ends of the shaft, assessing the bearing insulation condition and preventing shaft current corrosion of the bearing surface. Data recording includes both effective values ​​and peak values. The demagnetizing switch opening and closing test verifies the reliability of its breaking and closing under rated voltage by controlling the switch's actuation coil, ensuring reliable demagnetizing in emergencies. The actuation time and contact status are recorded to verify the demagnetizing resistor connection logic and confirm the integrity of the demagnetizing circuit. All test data is cached in real time and used as a pass / fail criterion. If any indicator fails to meet the requirements, the test is marked as abnormal, prohibiting further operation and ensuring the validity of the test results.

[0036] In the subsequent operation phase, after the voltage boost test is passed, the monitoring system issues a command to switch the excitation regulator from manual mode to automatic mode. The unit maintains its no-load rated voltage operation, restores all deactivated protection functions, and checks the status of the synchronizing device. Mode switching is achieved by modifying the regulator control word via communication messages. This seamless switching ensures voltage stability. Protection functions are restored sequentially in a preset order to avoid impacts, ensuring the protection system is fully ready and restoring the equipment's normal protective capabilities, preventing any missing protection. The synchronizing device status check confirms that voltage, frequency, and phase signal acquisition are normal, preparing for grid connection and ensuring that synchronization conditions are met and signal links are unobstructed. Finally, the system automatically uploads all test data, diagnostic conclusions, and the aforementioned characteristic quantities to the equipment lifecycle management platform. Transmission is performed using standard communication protocols to ensure data integrity and security, establishing an equipment test archive. This platform uses this data to calibrate the digital twin models of the generator and main transformer, compares the deviation between model predictions and actual measurements, dynamically updates the equipment health index, quantifies the equipment status, and corrects model parameters to improve simulation accuracy. Based on the model analysis results, the platform automatically generates and pushes targeted maintenance strategies or optimization suggestions for the next test cycle, realizing a data-driven closed loop of operation and maintenance decision-making, guiding subsequent equipment management. The platform predicts the remaining life of the equipment based on the trend of health index changes, optimizes the test cycle interval, reduces unnecessary downtime tests, and provides data support for condition-based maintenance, ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment and forming a management closed loop.

[0037] The excitation control system gradually increases the generator voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to a preset segmented voltage increase strategy. Specific steps include: First, the generator voltage is raised to the initial voltage target. Upon receiving the start command, the system sends a control signal to the excitation regulator to switch the excitation system to "test mode." After receiving a ready signal from the excitation system, it sends an "excitation start" command. The system sets the initial voltage target to 5%-10% of the rated voltage. This initial voltage serves as a starting platform to check the accuracy and integrity of the measurement circuit under low voltage conditions, ensuring the reliability of subsequent data acquisition references, preventing voltage boosting control deviations due to measurement errors, completing a smooth transition from zero voltage to the initial platform, and verifying the normality of the voltage transformer secondary circuit and monitoring sampling channel.

[0038] The generator voltage is then controlled from the initial voltage target, following a preset voltage ramp-up rate and a pre-defined segmented ramp-up curve to perform excitation and voltage ramp-up operations, sequentially passing through multiple preset key nodes to reach the rated voltage. The ramp-up rate is specified to be no more than 0.5Un / min, and each preset voltage stage is maintained for at least 30 seconds. Only after the system confirms there are no abnormalities can the voltage be increased to the next level. During the ramp-up process, the control engine sends continuously changing voltage setpoints to the excitation regulator at a preset ramp-up rate, such as 1%-2%Un / s. The system collects the actual generator terminal voltage in real time, compares it with the setpoint, and forms a closed-loop regulation to ensure that the actual voltage smoothly tracks the setpoint curve. The closed-loop regulation mechanism corrects the excitation current output in real time, eliminates static errors, avoids voltage surges impacting the insulation, and achieves a smooth linear or non-linear rise from the initial plateau to key nodes, maintaining the continuity and stability of the ramp-up process and ensuring that the voltage change rate meets preset safety standards.

[0039] When the generator voltage rises to any preset critical node, it enters a holding timer state to record and determine if the voltage rise data is abnormal. Critical nodes include 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%Un. When the voltage reaches these nodes, the control engine pauses sending new voltage rise commands and enters a "hold" timer, set to 3-5 minutes. During the hold period, the system automatically records all critical data, including voltage, excitation current, frequency, equipment temperature, and insulation resistance, and stores the data in a temporary database. Based on the recorded data, the system generates periodic reports, compares historical data with standard thresholds, analyzes the equipment's operating characteristics at specific voltage levels, ensures traceability of each stage, provides segmented basis for the final test conclusions, and verifies the equipment's insulation and mechanical performance under different voltage stresses.

[0040] During the voltage maintenance phase at each stage, the system automatically monitors and determines whether the generator's three-phase voltage, stator current, rotor parameters, and equipment status are normal. If an abnormality is detected, an alarm is immediately triggered and a demagnetization shutdown command is executed. If no abnormality is detected, the voltage is increased to the next preset critical node after the timer expires; otherwise, the voltage increase process is paused. The system executes logical branches based on the data judgment results. If the data is within a safe range, the voltage increase command is automatically unlocked after the timer expires, and the system enters the next stage. If an abnormality is detected, the system immediately pauses the voltage increase process, maintaining the current voltage or performing a rollback operation. Simultaneously, the system supports using video monitoring to check for abnormal sounds, discharges, or other abnormalities in the equipment, correlating video signals with analyzed data to assist in judging the physical state of the equipment. Through segmented maintenance and logical judgment, the risks of the voltage increase process are controllable, ensuring that any abnormality at any node can be intercepted in time to prevent the fault from escalating. This completes the segmented controlled voltage increase from the initial voltage to the rated voltage, ensuring the safety of the test process and the validity of the data.

[0041] Upon reaching the rated voltage, the system automatically records the no-load characteristic curve and simultaneously acquires corresponding data points for stator voltage and excitation current. Recording covers the voltage ramp-up phase, with data points covering both the linear and saturation regions, used to assess the motor's magnetic circuit saturation. The system measures shaft voltage and shaft current, acquiring the potential difference across the shaft and the current signal flowing through the bearings. The data includes RMS and peak values, used to assess bearing insulation conditions, prevent shaft current corrosion of bearing surfaces, and ensure the effectiveness of the shaft grounding protection circuit. The system also performs a field-quenching switch opening and closing test, controlling the switch's operating coil to verify its reliability. The test verifies the field-quenching resistor connection logic, confirms the integrity of the field-quenching circuit, and thus verifies the performance of the field-quenching system, ensuring reliable field-quenching in emergency situations.

[0042] Specifically, under normal termination conditions, the process automatically ends when the voltage is maintained at 100%Un for a specified time without any abnormalities. The specified time is defined by preset test parameters. During this period, the system continuously verifies the parameter fluctuation range and insulation status to confirm that the test outline requirements are met. The control engine issues a "demagnetize" command to smoothly reduce the voltage to zero. The voltage reduction process follows a preset slope to avoid voltage surges impacting the insulation windings. A complete test report (including full-process curves and data) is generated, covering waveforms throughout the boost, holding, and buck phases. The report is automatically archived to the test database as a basis for equipment acceptance, completing closed-loop test management and supporting subsequent data queries.

[0043] In an abnormal shutdown state, the process immediately terminates upon triggering any safety interlock condition or receiving an emergency stop command signal. Safety interlock conditions cover electrical protection actions and critical equipment failures. Emergency stop command signals take precedence over conventional control logic to ensure rapid response. After immediate process termination, the excitation system rapidly demagnetizes by disconnecting the demagnetization switch and connecting an energy-dissipating resistor, enabling rapid release of magnetic field energy to prevent overvoltage. All data regarding the cause and timing of the shutdown are recorded, including a millisecond-level waveform snapshot at the moment of fault triggering and system logs, for subsequent fault tracing and analysis to ensure the abnormal state is traceable. The system enters a locked state awaiting reset to prevent restarting with a fault and ensure equipment safety.

[0044] In addition, during the voltage boosting process, the stator voltage, rotor current, excitation voltage, unit frequency, temperature, and vibration data at each voltage level are automatically recorded for analysis of equipment characteristics. When abnormal data is detected, the voltage boosting process is automatically paused and an abnormality diagnosis prompt is issued.

[0045] In addition, when controlling the generator set voltage to rise to the rated voltage from the initial voltage target at a preset boost rate, sequentially passing through multiple preset key nodes: The system collects the actual voltage value of the generator set and compares it with the voltage set value. If the deviation between the actual voltage value and the voltage set value exceeds the preset voltage threshold, an early warning signal is issued and the voltage boosting is suspended. This comparison process is performed at high frequency throughout the voltage boosting process to prevent the accumulation of errors from causing voltage runaway, ensuring that the voltage trajectory strictly follows the preset curve, maintaining the linearity and stability of the voltage boosting process, providing an accurate voltage reference for subsequent stages, realizing closed-loop feedback control, and avoiding the risk of misjudgment caused by measurement deviation.

[0046] The system calculates the voltage rise rate in real time. If the voltage rise rate exceeds a preset rise rate limit, or the excitation current exceeds a preset current threshold, it executes a reverse regulation operation or controls the field deactivation switch to trip urgently. When an abnormally steep rise rate or an abnormal surge in excitation current is detected, the reverse regulation operation is executed first to reduce the excitation output. If the regulation is ineffective or the exceedance is severe, the field deactivation switch is directly controlled to trip urgently. This tiered response mechanism aims to suppress the risk of voltage runaway, prevent voltage spikes caused by excitation system faults, ensure that the voltage change rate is always within the insulation tolerance range, protect the stator winding from electrical stress impacts, achieve dual protection of rapid suppression and emergency disconnection, and ensure the safety of the excitation circuit.

[0047] The method also includes: detecting whether the voltage rise rate exceeds a preset rise rate limit; detecting whether the voltage fluctuation amplitude exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold; detecting whether the stator current exceeds a preset current safety threshold; detecting whether the voltage imbalance exceeds a preset imbalance threshold; detecting whether the equipment temperature exceeds a preset temperature limit; detecting whether the unit vibration exceeds a preset vibration limit; and when any detection result exceeds the corresponding preset limit, a safety intervention operation is performed, i.e., a lockout is initiated. In this embodiment, the conditions for a lockout are: voltage rise rate exceeding 1% of rated voltage / second, voltage fluctuation exceeding ±2% of rated voltage, stator current exceeding 5% of rated current, voltage imbalance exceeding 5%, equipment temperature exceeding a specified value, and unit vibration exceeding limits. Triggering any of these lockout conditions interrupts the process and executes a demagnetization shutdown, cutting off the energy source and ensuring the safety of the equipment itself. The logic judgment uses an "OR" gate relationship to ensure that a single parameter anomaly triggers protection, preventing a local fault from escalating into a systemic accident.

[0048] Safety monitoring and intelligent intervention operate throughout the entire process, encompassing deviation alarms, overvoltage / overcurrent protection, protection action signal monitoring, and insulation monitoring. Regarding deviation alarms, if the actual voltage deviates from the set value by more than a threshold (e.g., ±5%), an early warning is issued and the process is paused. For protection action signal monitoring, although the protection trip output is disabled, the system continuously monitors the internal start / action signals of the protection devices. Once an action signal is detected from an important protection (e.g., differential, stator grounding), the process is immediately terminated, and a detailed alarm is displayed to ensure no internal fault is overlooked. For insulation monitoring, an insulation monitoring device signal is connected; if a sudden drop in insulation resistance is detected, an early warning is issued. Throughout the voltage boosting process and during each voltage stage pause, the system automatically monitors key parameters and continuously verifies a series of safety interlocking conditions. If any condition is triggered, the process is immediately interrupted, and demagnetization and shutdown are executed, forming proactive safety protection and ensuring that the equipment status is always under monitoring during the test.

[0049] After the unit voltage is boosted to the rated voltage, a series of key tests are automatically completed, including no-load characteristic curve recording, shaft voltage / current measurement, and field deactivation switch testing. No-load characteristic curve recording simultaneously collects voltage and excitation current data points to assess magnetic circuit saturation characteristics; shaft voltage / current measurement uses a dedicated sensor to obtain the shaft potential difference, verifying bearing insulation performance; the field deactivation switch test verifies the switch's opening and closing action time and the reliability of the field deactivation resistor connection. This stage comprehensively verifies the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the generator and main transformer under rated operating conditions, ensuring the equipment meets grid-connected operation requirements, completing a full test loop from voltage boosting control to performance verification, and providing complete data support for equipment health status assessment.

[0050] After the test is passed, the system automatically restores the unit to a state ready for grid connection or safe shutdown. The restoration process includes controlling the excitation regulator to switch from test mode to automatic mode without disturbance, maintaining stable terminal voltage, and restoring all deactivated protection functions. If the target is grid connection, the system activates the synchronizing device; if the target is shutdown, the system controls the voltage to drop to zero and disconnects the test switch. This process ensures a smooth transition, prevents voltage fluctuations, achieves automatic reset, and guarantees the safety and continuity of subsequent operations.

[0051] The system can access a big data platform containing historical test data. Based on the real-time status of the equipment, it dynamically optimizes the voltage stages, rates, and dwell times of the boost curve to achieve personalized boost strategies. The method calls upon historical test curves and equipment health indices, combined with real-time status data. The control engine compares historical benchmarks with the real-time status; if the health index is high, the boost rate is optimized; if insulation aging trends are detected, the dwell time at key voltage nodes is increased. This method generates segmented boost parameters with adaptive characteristics, enabling adaptive strategy adjustment, improving efficiency, reducing risks, and ensuring process safety.

[0052] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the preset boost rate and multiple preset key nodes are determined according to the nonlinear target boost curve.

[0053] The method also includes a step of generating a nonlinear target boost curve: Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the preset boost rate and multiple preset key nodes are determined according to the nonlinear target boost curve.

[0054] The method also includes a step for generating a nonlinear target boost curve: First, historical zero-start boost data or no-load characteristic data of the generator set are retrieved. The system retrieves the no-load characteristic curve data from the unit's last zero-start boost test record or factory test via a communication interface from a local database or cloud platform, ensuring that the data source reflects the actual magnetic circuit state of the unit. Based on the acquired data, a feature recognition algorithm is used to identify its magnetic saturation inflection point voltage. This inflection point voltage corresponds to the critical point where the magnetic flux density begins to saturate significantly and is a key physical feature for dividing the boost region, ensuring that the curve generation is based on real equipment characteristics rather than a theoretical model, thus improving the accuracy and applicability of the control strategy.

[0055] A nonlinear target voltage boost curve is generated based on the magnetic saturation inflection point voltage. This curve includes a linear region and a saturation region. The linear region corresponds to a voltage below the inflection point voltage, where the magnetic flux and excitation current have a linear relationship. The saturation region corresponds to a voltage above the inflection point voltage, where the magnetic circuit gradually saturates. The boost rate corresponding to the linear region is used as the first boost rate, and the boost rate corresponding to the saturation region is used as the second boost rate. These two rates constitute a preset boost rate. Typically, the first boost rate is higher than the second boost rate to shorten the test time, while the second boost rate is lower to ensure stability in the saturation region. The magnetic saturation inflection point voltage is set as a preset critical node, serving as the logical trigger point for boost rate switching. This achieves a smooth transition from rapid boost to fine boost, ensuring high data acquisition density in critical characteristic regions.

[0056] The voltage boosting process employs a dynamic nonlinear target voltage boosting curve. During execution, if real-time characteristics deviate from the preset curve, the monitoring system can fine-tune the boosting rate based on the current unit response. In the linear region below the inflection point voltage, a first boosting rate is used to rapidly increase the voltage; in the saturation region above the inflection point voltage, a second boosting rate is automatically used for a slow increase. An additional voltage plateau period is automatically added near the inflection point to precisely record the inflection point data. This plateau period maintains voltage stability, and the relationship between excitation current and voltage is acquired at high frequency to capture magnetic saturation details, improve the recording of no-load characteristic curves, and ensure data integrity in the nonlinear region, providing high-resolution data support for equipment condition assessment.

[0057] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, when collecting unit operating parameters, the unit operating parameters are collected in real time at a preset sampling rate.

[0058] When collecting unit operating parameters, the method also includes: collecting and fusing electrical quantities, non-electrical quantities, and generator discharge signals; analyzing the fused signals based on an anomaly detection model to identify potential fault characteristics; and issuing an early warning before the unit operating parameters exceed the safety threshold when potential fault characteristics are identified, along with indicating the risk type and handling suggestions.

[0059] The data acquisition process encompasses electrical quantities, non-electrical quantities, and generator discharge signals, specifically including electrical quantities such as voltage and current, non-electrical quantities such as equipment temperature and vibration, and partial discharge pulse signals. The method performs time synchronization alignment and data fusion processing on multi-source signals to form a comprehensive state dataset. This provides a multi-dimensional state representation for subsequent analysis, ensuring the comprehensiveness and synchronization of data acquisition, eliminating blind spots in single-signal monitoring, achieving comprehensive perception of the unit's operating status, providing high-quality input data for anomaly detection models, and laying the foundation for data analysis.

[0060] The fused signal is analyzed based on an anomaly detection model to identify potential fault characteristics. The model employs a pre-trained deep learning algorithm or AI model. The early warning threshold is dynamically generated based on the statistical characteristics of similar parameters during the same voltage plateau period under the unit's historical health conditions, rather than fixed values. The method retrieves historical database data, filters health data from the same voltage plateau period, and calculates statistical characteristics, including at least the mean and standard deviation, reflecting the distribution pattern of parameters under healthy conditions. An early warning is triggered when the deviation of real-time parameters exceeds a preset confidence interval. The confidence interval, calculated based on the mean and standard deviation, represents the boundary of the normal fluctuation range, enabling personalized safety monitoring based on individual equipment differences and ensuring timely detection of abnormal trends before parameters truly exceed limits.

[0061] When potential fault characteristics are identified, an early warning is issued before the unit's operating parameters exceed safety thresholds, indicating the risk type and suggested remedial measures. The warning occurs before physical interlocking conditions are triggered, enabling proactive intervention and preventing shutdowns caused by hard protection actions. The method outputs specific risk types, such as insulation degradation, rotor turn-to-turn short circuits, or mechanical loosening, and matches corresponding remedial suggestions to guide subsequent operations, improving predictive safety levels, transforming passive protection into proactive early warning, preventing further fault development leading to equipment damage, ensuring controllable voltage boosting, and completing a closed-loop logic from data acquisition to intelligent decision-making.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, after ending the voltage boost and generating test data when no safety threshold is detected and the generator set voltage reaches the rated voltage, the method further includes: The test data was uploaded to the equipment lifecycle management platform to train the digital twin model; Based on the analysis results of the experimental data using the trained digital twin model, an analysis report containing equipment health assessment and maintenance recommendations is generated.

[0063] After the test, the system automatically uploads all test data, diagnostic conclusions, and characteristic quantities to the equipment lifecycle management platform. The complete data includes voltage boost curves, waveform records, and key parameter time series. Diagnostic conclusions include insulation condition assessment results and abnormal event markers. Characteristic quantities include at least: total harmonic distortion (THD) of three-phase voltage, odd and even harmonic content, and partial discharge pulse and vibration spectrum information captured by high-frequency current transformers. The upload process uses standard communication protocols to ensure data integrity and security, establishes equipment test archives, achieves seamless integration of test data and the management platform, provides a standardized data foundation for subsequent in-depth analysis, avoids data silos, ensures the continuity and traceability of lifecycle data, and completes the closed loop of data transmission from the local monitoring system to the cloud management platform.

[0064] This platform utilizes this data to calibrate the digital twin models of generators and main transformers, dynamically updating equipment health indices. The platform calls upon the digital twin model, comparing measured data with model simulation values ​​to correct model parameters and reflect the current physical state of the equipment, thus improving simulation accuracy. Based on the corrected model analysis results, it calculates the equipment health index, quantifying the equipment's operating status. The index is dynamically updated with test results, reflecting equipment aging trends and potential defects, achieving a digital mapping of equipment status, providing quantitative basis for decision-making, ensuring the accuracy and real-time nature of health assessments. The model calibration process is continuously iterated, ensuring the digital twin remains synchronized with the physical equipment, supporting long-term status tracking.

[0065] Based on model analysis results, the system automatically generates and pushes targeted maintenance strategies or optimization suggestions for the next test cycle, while also generating intelligent analysis reports. The system utilizes big data analytics to automatically compare historical data, assess equipment performance trends, and identify degradation patterns. Natural language processing technology is used to automatically generate intelligent analysis reports containing test conclusions, equipment health status assessments, potential risk warnings, and maintenance recommendations. The reports cover test conclusions, changes in health indices, risk warnings, and specific maintenance strategies, and are pushed to relevant management terminals to guide subsequent maintenance work, optimize test cycles, and achieve a data-driven closed-loop maintenance decision-making process. This completes the entire process from data collection to strategy generation, ensuring the scientific rigor and relevance of maintenance recommendations.

[0066] Furthermore, the monitoring system connects to a big data platform containing historical test data from the plant and similar equipment. During the preparation phase, based on the real-time health status assessment results of the equipment under test, the system analyzes the platform data to dynamically optimize the voltage stage settings, boost rate, and dwell time of the boost curve, generating a personalized optimal boost strategy. The method retrieves data from the platform database through a standard data interface, matching historical boost curves and health index correlation records of the same model of unit. If the real-time health status assessment results show good equipment insulation, the boost rate is appropriately optimized to shorten the test cycle; if an aging trend is detected, the dwell time of the critical voltage stage is automatically increased and the boost rate is decreased. This method combines historical experience data with real-time status, adjusts preset voltage stage settings, boost rate, and dwell time parameters, and generates a personalized optimal boost strategy adapted to the characteristics of the current equipment, ensuring a balance between test efficiency and safety, achieving adaptive adjustment of the boost strategy, and avoiding the problem of general strategies failing to accommodate individual differences.

[0067] Simultaneously, a cloud-based collaborative zero-start-up voltage boost knowledge base and model optimization platform are established to achieve cross-plant intelligent model sharing and iteration. Test data from each power plant is anonymized and encrypted before being uploaded to the cloud knowledge base, ensuring that sensitive operational data is not leaked. The platform utilizes federated learning technology to collaboratively train a more accurate and generalized global fault prediction and performance optimization model without exchanging original data. The cloud server aggregates the model gradients from each local node to update global parameters and distributes the updated model parameters to the monitoring systems of each power plant, continuously improving the intelligent decision-making level of the local system. This method, through a distributed training mechanism, utilizes data from multiple plants to enrich the model samples, solving the model overfitting problem caused by insufficient data from a single plant. This ensures that the fault prediction model can identify rare fault characteristics, enabling continuous empowerment of cloud intelligence to the local edge, and maintaining the advanced nature and accuracy of the monitoring system's algorithms.

[0068] This application achieves cloud-based collaborative scheduling and cost optimization of test resources, improving overall operation and maintenance management efficiency. During the test preparation phase, the monitoring system sends resource requests to the cloud management platform, including the expected test time and load requirements. The platform coordinates scheduling based on the plans of each power plant, staggering test times to avoid regional power grid impacts and ensure grid stability. After the test, the system automatically calculates energy consumption, material consumption, and labor costs during the test, generates cost analysis reports, and compares them with historical best values, providing data support for cost control. This method optimizes regional test resource allocation through cloud-based overall planning, reducing the risk of power grid fluctuations caused by concentrated testing. Simultaneously, through refined cost accounting, it identifies high-energy-consuming links, guiding energy-saving optimization of subsequent test plans, achieving closed-loop control throughout the entire process from technical execution to economic management, ensuring the economic efficiency of test activities and grid security.

[0069] In this application, during the initial zero-start voltage boost of new equipment upon commissioning: First, the test preparation and system configuration process is executed to ensure the hardware environment and software parameters are ready. The method involves verifying the completion status of primary equipment installation and inspection, the correctness of secondary circuit wiring verification signals, and checking the completion status of preliminary protection device settings and monitoring system debugging, thus forming a digital certificate of readiness. A zero-start voltage boost function module is installed within the monitoring system, and equipment communication parameters are configured to establish a data link between the monitoring system and field equipment, ensuring smooth command issuance and data upload channels. Boost control parameters are set, including a target voltage of 105%Un for overvoltage testing and a boost rate of 1.5%Un / s. The segmented holding time parameters are specifically set as follows: 1 minute at 10% voltage, 3 minutes at 25%, 5 minutes at 50%, 3 minutes at 75%, and 10 minutes at 100%, ensuring stable operation at each voltage stage. After parameter configuration, the data is saved to the control engine as a benchmark for automatic execution, realizing the digital solidification of the control strategy.

[0070] During the test phase, the system verifies the operation authorization and confirms the unit selection signal, activating the zero-start voltage boost function enable control logic. The system automatically scans all startup conditions, including electrical isolation status and equipment readiness signals. When conditions are met, it displays a "condition ready" status; if conditions are missing, startup is locked. Upon receiving a one-button start command, the system automatically executes the voltage boost process, controlling the excitation system to boost voltage according to a preset curve. Throughout the process, the control engine automatically adjusts the excitation; the operator only needs to monitor the status. The system collects operational data in real time and records it to a temporary database. After the test is completed, the system automatically generates a complete report containing all process data, achieving automated closed-loop management of the test process, reducing manual intervention, ensuring the standardization and consistency of operating procedures, and storing the report in a local database for later retrieval, completing the process from command issuance to data archiving.

[0071] The test anomaly handling mechanism operates in real time during the voltage boosting process, possessing intelligent response and recovery capabilities. If, when boosting to 75%Un, the system detects a decrease in the insulation resistance of phase C, the insulation monitoring device alarm signal is triggered. The safety monitoring module determines this anomaly to be a Level L2 anomaly, controls the engine to execute a pause command for voltage boosting, and maintains the current voltage level to prevent the fault from escalating. The human-machine interface displays an "abnormal pause" status, highlights the insulation alarm information, and prompts "C-phase insulation resistance has dropped to 0.8MΩ, equipment inspection recommended." On-site inspection of the generator outlet equipment revealed a slight discharge at the C-phase PT connection; after handling, the insulation resistance returned to normal. The system receives a resumption test command, resumes voltage boosting from 75%Un, and records the entire anomaly handling process to ensure traceability of faults. Abnormal events are marked and stored in the historical database, achieving closed-loop management of abnormal states.

[0072] In the results analysis phase, the system provides complete experimental data for subsequent use, including voltage and current curves and event records. The method compares and analyzes the experimental data with design values ​​to assess whether the equipment performance meets expectations; deviations exceeding the expected range are marked as abnormal. Based on the analysis results, the system generates equipment commissioning recommendations to guide subsequent operation and maintenance. This process covers the entire lifecycle management from preparation to analysis, ensuring the safety and reliability of new equipment during commissioning, improving equipment health management through data-driven methods, providing technical support for stable grid operation, completing the standardized operation process for the first zero-voltage boost of new equipment, maximizing the value of experimental data, and ensuring the scientific and accurate nature of equipment commissioning decisions.

[0073] In summary, the core innovation of this application lies in the integration of big data-driven and cloud-based collaborative digital technologies: the system dynamically optimizes the boost curve based on historical equipment data and real-time operating status; it employs machine learning models to perform real-time analysis of multi-source heterogeneous data, enabling early fault warning and predictive protection; and through a cloud-based knowledge base and federated learning technology, it collaboratively trains a global optimization model while ensuring the data privacy and security of each power plant, empowering the local decision-making system. This method elevates the zero-start boost test from standardized execution to an intelligent decision-making level, significantly improving test safety, execution efficiency, and the level of equipment lifecycle management.

[0074] This application achieves a high degree of automation and standardization: it solidifies the complex zero-start-up pressure increase process into a standardized procedure, supports one-click start and automatic execution, completely eliminates the arbitrariness and uncertainty of human operation, and ensures that the test quality is always consistent.

[0075] This application significantly enhances security: by employing the principles of "conditional interlocking mechanism" and "full-process monitoring," it strictly implements condition confirmation before each operation and monitors key parameters in real time during the process, constructing a multi-layered protection system to effectively avoid misoperation and curb the escalation of accidents; relying on multi-dimensional real-time data monitoring and intelligent logic judgment, it creates a faster and more comprehensive security defense system than traditional manual monitoring, achieving a core upgrade from "personnel monitoring" to "technical protection."

[0076] This application significantly reduces the time spent on manual operation, verification, and recording by automating processes, thereby significantly shortening the overall time of unit testing; it automatically generates electronic test reports containing millisecond-level continuous data curves, supporting efficient archiving, process traceability, and big data analysis, providing core data support for accurate assessment of equipment status.

[0077] This application ensures data integrity and reliability: the system automatically records high-precision data throughout the entire process and generates electronic archives, laying a solid data foundation for equipment status assessment, fault diagnosis and life management; at the same time, it significantly shortens the test cycle, freeing up operators' energy from tedious operations to status monitoring and emergency decision-making, effectively reducing workload and psychological stress.

[0078] This application is developed based on the existing monitoring system, requiring no large-scale hardware modification, and has a high cost-performance advantage, making it suitable for promotion and application in hydropower plants of different sizes.

[0079] Secondly, this application also provides a zero-start voltage boosting control system for a hydropower plant, comprising: a first module, a second module, and a third module; the first module is used to control the generator set speed to the rated speed and establish an electrical circuit for zero-start voltage boosting; the second module is used to control the excitation system to gradually boost the generator set voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to a preset segmented voltage boosting strategy based on the zero-start voltage boosting start command, and to collect the unit operating parameters; the third module is used to determine whether the unit operating parameters exceed the safety threshold. If so, a safety intervention operation is performed; otherwise, after the generator set voltage reaches the rated voltage, the voltage boosting ends and test data is generated.

[0080] The functions of each module in the above-mentioned zero-start-up pressure control system for hydropower plants correspond to the steps in the above-mentioned zero-start-up pressure control method embodiment for hydropower plants. Their functions and implementation processes will not be described in detail here.

[0081] Thirdly, this application provides a zero-start-up pressure control device for a hydropower plant. The zero-start-up pressure control device for a hydropower plant can be a personal computer (PC), a laptop computer, a server, or other device with data processing capabilities.

[0082] In this embodiment of the application, the zero-start-up voltage control device for a hydropower plant may include a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus.

[0083] The communication bus can be of any type and is used to interconnect the processor, memory, and communication interface.

[0084] The communication interface includes input / output (I / O) interfaces, physical interfaces, and logical interfaces used for interconnecting devices within the hydropower plant's zero-start-up voltage boosting control equipment, as well as interfaces used for interconnecting the hydropower plant's zero-start-up voltage boosting control equipment with other devices (such as other computing devices or user equipment). Physical interfaces can be Ethernet interfaces, fiber optic interfaces, ATM interfaces, etc.; user equipment can be displays, keyboards, etc.

[0085] Memory can be various types of storage media, such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), flash memory, optical storage, hard disk, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), etc.

[0086] The processor can be a general-purpose processor, which can call the hydropower plant zero-start-up voltage boosting control program stored in the memory and execute the hydropower plant zero-start-up voltage boosting control method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the general-purpose processor can be a central processing unit (CPU). The method executed when the hydropower plant zero-start-up voltage boosting control program is called can be referred to the various embodiments of the hydropower plant zero-start-up voltage boosting control method of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0088] The present application contains a computer-readable storage medium storing a hydropower plant zero-start-up voltage boosting control program, wherein when the hydropower plant zero-start-up voltage boosting control program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the hydropower plant zero-start-up voltage boosting control method described above.

[0089] The method implemented when the zero-start-up pressure control procedure of the hydropower plant is executed can be referred to in the various embodiments of the zero-start-up pressure control method of the hydropower plant in this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] It should be noted that the sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0091] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, etc., and do not indicate a sequence, nor do they limit "first," "second," and "third" to different types.

[0092] In the description of the embodiments of this application, terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0093] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more.

[0094] In some processes described in the embodiments of this application, multiple operations or steps are included in a specific order. However, it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order they appear in the embodiments of this application, or they may be executed in parallel. The sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed sequentially or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.

[0095] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0096] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for zero-start-up pressure control in a hydroelectric power plant, characterized in that, It includes: Control the generator set speed to the rated speed and establish an electrical circuit for zero-start voltage boost; Based on the zero-start voltage boosting start command, the excitation system is controlled to gradually increase the generator voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to the preset segmented voltage boosting strategy, and the unit operating parameters are collected. Determine whether the unit's operating parameters exceed safety thresholds; If so, perform safety intervention procedures; Otherwise, once the generator voltage reaches the rated voltage, the voltage increase will stop and test data will be generated.

2. The zero-start-up pressure control method for hydropower plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before controlling the excitation system to follow the preset segmented voltage boosting strategy based on the zero-start voltage boosting command, a preparation phase is also included: Verify whether the unit meets the startup conditions; if the startup conditions are met, generate the zero-start boost start command. The starting conditions include: the generator set output circuit breaker and disconnector are in the open state, the generator set speed reaches the rated speed, the excitation system is in standby state and there is no fault alarm, the protection device trip output has been withdrawn but the monitoring function is normal, and the zero-start voltage boosting process function pressure plate has been put into operation.

3. The zero-start-up pressure control method for hydropower plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control excitation system gradually increases the generator voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to a preset segmented voltage increase strategy. The specific steps include: Raise the generator voltage to the initial voltage target; The generator set voltage is controlled to rise from the initial voltage target at a preset voltage rise rate, sequentially passing through multiple preset key nodes to reach the rated voltage. When the generator set voltage rises to any preset key node, it enters a holding timer state, records and judges whether the voltage rise data is abnormal. If there is no abnormality, the voltage rise continues to the next preset key node after the holding timer state ends; otherwise, the voltage rise process is paused.

4. The zero-start-up pressure control method for hydroelectric power plants as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the generator set voltage is controlled to rise to the rated voltage from the initial voltage target at a preset boost rate, sequentially passing through multiple preset key nodes: The actual value of the generator set voltage is collected and compared with the voltage set value. If the deviation between the actual value of the generator set voltage and the voltage set value exceeds the preset voltage threshold, an early warning signal is issued and the voltage boosting is suspended. The voltage rise rate is calculated in real time. If the voltage rise rate exceeds a preset rise rate limit or the excitation current exceeds a preset current threshold, a reverse adjustment operation is performed or the demagnetizing switch is controlled to trip in an emergency.

5. The zero-start-up pressure control method for hydroelectric power plants as described in claim 4, characterized in that: When controlling the generator set voltage to rise to the rated voltage from the initial voltage target at a preset boost rate, sequentially passing through multiple preset key nodes, the method further includes: Detect whether the voltage fluctuation amplitude exceeds the preset fluctuation threshold; Detect whether the stator current exceeds the preset current safety threshold; Detect whether the voltage imbalance exceeds the preset imbalance threshold; Check whether the temperature of the detection equipment exceeds the preset temperature limit; Check whether the unit's vibration exceeds the preset vibration limit; When any test result exceeds the corresponding preset limit, a safety intervention operation is performed.

6. The zero-start-up pressure control method for hydropower plants as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The preset boost rate and multiple preset key nodes are determined based on the nonlinear target boost curve; The method further includes a step of generating a nonlinear target voltage boost curve: retrieving historical zero-start voltage boost data or no-load characteristic data of the generator set and identifying its magnetic saturation inflection point voltage; generating a nonlinear target voltage boost curve based on the magnetic saturation inflection point voltage, wherein the nonlinear target voltage boost curve includes a linear region and a saturation region; The boost rate corresponding to the linear region is taken as the first boost rate, and the boost rate corresponding to the saturation region is taken as the second boost rate. The first boost rate and the second boost rate constitute the preset boost rate. Set the magnetic saturation inflection point voltage value as a preset key node.

7. The zero-start-up pressure control method for hydropower plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When no safety threshold is detected and the generator set voltage reaches the rated voltage, after ending the voltage boost and generating test data, the method further includes: The test data was uploaded to the equipment lifecycle management platform to train the digital twin model; Based on the analysis results of the test data using the trained digital twin model, an analysis report containing equipment health assessment and maintenance recommendations is generated.

8. The zero-start-up pressure control method for hydropower plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When collecting unit operating parameters, the unit operating parameters are collected in real time at a preset sampling rate.

9. The zero-start-up pressure control method for hydroelectric power plants as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When collecting unit operating parameters, the method further includes: Collect and fuse electrical quantities, non-electrical quantities, and generator discharge signals; The fused signal is analyzed based on an anomaly detection model to identify potential fault characteristics; When a potential fault characteristic is identified, an early warning is issued before the unit's operating parameters exceed the safety threshold, and the risk type and handling suggestions are indicated.

10. A zero-start-up voltage boosting control system for a hydroelectric power plant, characterized in that, It includes: The first module is used to control the generator set speed to the rated speed and establish an electrical circuit for zero-start voltage boost. The second module is used to control the excitation system to gradually increase the generator voltage from zero to the rated voltage according to the preset segmented voltage increase strategy based on the zero-start voltage increase start command, and to collect the unit operating parameters. The third module is used to determine whether the unit's operating parameters exceed the safety threshold. If so, it performs a safety intervention operation; otherwise, after the generator voltage rises to the rated voltage, it ends the voltage rise and generates test data.

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