A machining center apparatus based on mold production

Abstract

The application discloses a machining center equipment based on mold production and relates to the technical field of mold machining center equipment.The machining center equipment is provided with a self-weight trigger type centering and correcting unit integrated with a positioning mechanism, and the self-weight of a mold workpiece and a mold supporting plate is used as the only driving force, and thus, it is unnecessary to additionally configure a motor, a pneumatic cylinder and other power sources.During the lifting and blanking process, the workpiece falls and presses a bearing jacking column, a plurality of groups of driving rods are synchronously driven in a radial dispersion mode through a conical block, the center position of the workpiece is automatically guided through arc-shaped guide blocks in square grooves, and finally, the workpiece is accurately positioned by being clamped into an angle.The design integrates the centering and correcting action in the lifting and falling stroke, and thus, it is only necessary to roughly align the center during lifting, and it is unnecessary to repeatedly adjust the position manually, so that the clamping auxiliary time of a large mold is significantly shortened;and meanwhile, the mechanical linkage type centering can guarantee the stability of the repeated positioning precision, avoid the precision fluctuation of manual alignment, and guarantee the subsequent machining precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mold processing center equipment technology, specifically to a processing center equipment based on mold production. Background Technology

[0002] Machining centers are core processing equipment in the mold manufacturing process, capable of performing multiple machining operations on mold workpieces, including milling, drilling, boring, and tapping. During the clamping of large mold workpieces, overhead cranes or gantry cranes are typically used for hoisting and loading. Due to the large size and weight of the mold workpieces, precise alignment during hoisting is difficult, requiring repeated manual adjustments. This results in long clamping auxiliary times, low positioning efficiency, and inconsistent positioning accuracy, which can negatively impact subsequent machining accuracy.

[0003] Referring to patent application CN120019912A, a CNC machining center with precise positioning function for mold production is disclosed. The product to be processed is clamped by a clamping mechanism consisting of a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate. A linear motor then moves the first and second clamping plates to a laser measuring instrument, which measures the product and obtains detailed image data. Simultaneously, the first and second clamping plates fix the product in place, and the linear motor moves the product to a suitable position. Therefore, when processing the product, it will not move, thus achieving precise positioning. The CNC machining centers with precise positioning functions described above have the following drawbacks in practical use: 1) Existing mold processing equipment lacks an automatic guiding and correcting structure for the mold workpiece unloading stage. The workpiece position can only be finely adjusted and corrected by a manual clamping mechanism after the mold workpiece is fully placed. Due to the high weight of large molds and poor visibility of hoisting and alignment, this post-adjustment method cannot simplify the hoisting and alignment operation process, which greatly increases the difficulty of manual alignment and the auxiliary time for clamping. In addition, manual correction is prone to positioning deviation, making it difficult to guarantee the consistency of processing.

[0004] 2) During the milling and drilling processes of molds, a large amount of metal chips are continuously generated. The chips are very easy to accumulate on the workpiece bearing reference surface of the positioning mechanism, which will directly damage the workpiece clamping reference flatness and cause quality defects such as mold positioning deviation and machining dimension deviation. Conventional positioning mechanisms on the market do not integrate an integrated and convenient chip removal supporting structure. The accumulated chips can only be cleaned by manually stopping the machine to wipe and blow them away. The cleaning operation is cumbersome, the downtime is long, and the overall production and processing efficiency is low.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a machining center device based on mold production to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a machining center equipment based on mold production. It solves the problems of traditional mold processing positioning mechanisms lacking synchronous automatic guidance function for lifting and unloading, only being able to clamp and adjust the position after the workpiece is fully in place, failing to simplify the lifting and positioning operation of large molds, and the time-consuming and unstable positioning accuracy of manual correction. Furthermore, the metal waste generated during mold processing easily accumulates on the positioning bearing reference surface, damaging the clamping flatness and causing processing errors.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a machining center equipment based on mold production, comprising a bed and a worktable fixedly installed inside the bed. Inside the bed and above the worktable, a spindle machining unit for machining molds is also provided. A positioning mechanism is provided on the top of the worktable. The positioning mechanism has a bearing reference surface for supporting the mold workpiece to be processed, and is equipped with a weight-triggered centering correction unit. This weight-triggered centering correction unit can use the downward pressure of the mold workpiece during hoisting as a driving force to synchronously drive multiple sets of correction actuators to converge radially towards the center, automatically completing the centering correction of the mold workpiece in the hoisting and falling state. A control box is fixedly installed on one side of the bed, and the control box is electrically connected to the pneumatic control elements of the spindle machining unit and the positioning mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism includes a mounting base fixedly installed on the top of the workbench and a mold base plate assembly disposed on the top thereof. The mold base plate assembly includes a mold support plate detachably disposed on the top of the mounting base, and the top surface of the mold support plate constitutes the bearing reference surface. The self-weight triggered centering correction unit is integrated inside the mounting base, and its correction actuator extends upward out of the top surface of the mounting base and can extend into the correction mating space at the bottom of the mold support plate.

[0009] Furthermore, baffles are fixedly installed around the top surface of the mold support plate. The four baffles together form a clamping space that matches the shape of the mold workpiece to be processed. Locking bolts are threaded through the baffles. The end of the locking bolts can extend into the clamping space to lock the mold workpiece from the side. A square groove with its opening facing downwards is opened at the bottom of the mold support plate. The square groove forms a matching execution space for correction and positioning. Multiple arc-shaped guide blocks are fixedly installed on the four side walls of the bottom of the square groove. When the correction actuator moves outwards at equal distances, it can slide along the arc-shaped surface of the outer wall of the arc-shaped guide block and be guided to the corner of the corresponding position in the square groove, thereby driving the mold support plate and the workpiece to complete rapid centering and correction positioning.

[0010] Furthermore, the self-weight triggered centering and correction unit includes a central lifting buffer assembly, a linkage transmission assembly, and multiple sets of radially distributed radial pushing assemblies along the mounting base. The top of the central lifting buffer assembly extends upward beyond the top surface of the mounting base. When it is pressed down by the self-weight of the mold support plate, it moves downward in the vertical direction and synchronously drives each set of radial pushing assemblies to slide outward in the radial direction through the linkage transmission assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the central lifting buffer assembly includes a central guide sleeve positioned at the center of the top surface of the mounting base. A partition is fixedly installed inside the central guide sleeve, dividing the interior of the central guide sleeve into an upper transmission chamber and a lower high-pressure air chamber. Multiple square through-slots communicating with the transmission chamber are evenly distributed around the outer wall of the central guide sleeve. Spring pull rings are fixedly installed on the side walls of the square through-slots. A load-bearing lifting column is slidably installed inside the transmission chamber. A connecting rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the load-bearing lifting column, which slidably passes through the partition and is fixedly connected to a piston. The top of the load-bearing lifting column extends upwards beyond the top surface of the mounting base. The piston is sealed and slidably installed inside the high-pressure air chamber, and a first return spring is installed between the piston and the bottom of the high-pressure air chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the linkage transmission assembly includes a conical block fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod. The conical block is located in the transmission chamber and has a frustum structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Multiple guide grooves are evenly opened around the outer wall of the conical block. The radial pushing component includes multiple push-pull rods that are slidably disposed inside the mounting base. The multiple push-pull rods are radially distributed along the mounting base. A roller is rotatably disposed at one end of each push-pull rod near the outer wall of the conical block. The roller is rolled in a guide groove at a corresponding position. When no external force is applied to the top of the load-bearing lifting column, the roller is located at the bottom of the guide groove. A slider is also fixedly disposed at the top of the push-pull rod. A toggle rod, which serves as the corrective actuator, is fixedly disposed at the top of the slider. The toggle rod extends upward from the top surface of the mounting base and can extend into the inner area of ​​the square groove.

[0013] Furthermore, a central guide hole is provided at the top center of the mounting base, and a central guide sleeve is fixedly installed in the central guide hole. Multiple positioning grooves are evenly provided around the central guide hole on the top of the mounting base. The slider is slidably installed in the positioning groove at the corresponding position. A push-pull clearance groove is also provided at the bottom of each positioning groove. The push-pull rod is slidably installed in the push-pull clearance groove at the corresponding position. The end of the push-pull rod with a roller extends through a square through groove into the transmission chamber. One end of each of the multiple push-pull clearance grooves is respectively connected to the square through groove at the multiple positions. The bottom of each push-pull clearance groove is also provided with a chip discharge groove for discharging waste chips that fall into the positioning groove. A chip discharge port is provided on the lower side of the bottom of the chip discharge groove. A second return spring is connected between the push-pull rod and the spring pull ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the mounting base integrates a waste chip blowing unit inside. The waste chip blowing unit includes an exhaust channel, an annular air distribution ring, and several waste chip blowing holes distributed on the top surface of the mounting base. The air inlet ends of the multiple exhaust channels are connected to the high-pressure air chamber, and an exhaust one-way valve is provided between them. The air outlet ends of the multiple exhaust channels are connected to the multiple waste chip blowing holes one by one. The annular air distribution ring is fitted around the multiple waste chip blowing holes. Several chip blowing holes are evenly opened on the side wall of the annular air distribution ring. An air inlet pipe connected to the high-pressure air chamber is fixedly installed on one side of the central guide sleeve. An air inlet one-way valve is installed on the air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe passes through the mounting base and is connected to the outside atmosphere. Multiple exhaust holes connected to the high-pressure air chamber are opened on the lower side wall of the central guide sleeve. The multiple exhaust holes and multiple exhaust channels are connected in a corresponding manner.

[0015] Furthermore, a waste cleaning groove is provided at the bottom of the mounting base, and a scraper is slidably provided on the inner wall of the waste cleaning groove. A pull rod is fixedly connected to one side of the scraper, and one end of the pull rod extends to the outside of the mounting base and is fixedly connected to a pull ring.

[0016] This invention also discloses a processing method based on mold production, using a processing center based on mold production, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Pre-lock and fix the workpiece to be processed into a clamping unit that can be hoisted as a whole. The bottom of the clamping unit is reserved with a centering fit structure that is compatible with the straightening actuator, thus completing the offline pre-clamping. Step 2: Using hoisting equipment, the entire clamping assembly is hoisted to the positioning mechanism above the worktable inside the machine bed. The entire clamping assembly is controlled to slowly and vertically fall. The clamping assembly uses its own weight to press down and trigger the self-weight triggered centering correction unit configured in the positioning mechanism. Simultaneously, multiple sets of correction actuators are driven to retract radially towards the center, automatically completing the centering correction of the clamping assembly in the falling state. Finally, the entire clamping assembly falls smoothly onto the bearing reference surface of the positioning mechanism, completing the precise positioning and the cleaning of waste chips before positioning. Step 3: After positioning is completed, the control box issues CNC commands to drive the spindle machining unit above the worktable to perform multi-process machining operations on the mold workpiece according to the preset machining program. After machining is completed, the clamping unit and the mold workpiece are lifted and unloaded together by the hoisting equipment. After the self-weight triggered centering and correction unit loses pressure, it drives the correction actuator to reset to the initial state.

[0017] This invention provides a machining center device based on mold production. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: 1. A machining center equipment based on mold production, which uses a self-weight triggered centering and correction unit integrated into the positioning mechanism, with the weight of the mold workpiece and the mold support plate as the sole driving force, eliminating the need for additional power sources such as motors and cylinders. During the hoisting and unloading process, the workpiece falls and presses down on the load-bearing lifting column, which is driven by a conical block to simultaneously drive multiple sets of actuating rods radially, and in conjunction with the arc-shaped guide block in the square groove, automatically guides the center position of the workpiece, finally locking into the corner to complete precise positioning.

[0018] This design integrates the centering and correction action into the lifting and lowering stroke. During lifting, only approximate alignment with the center is required, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustments and significantly shortening the clamping and auxiliary time for large molds. At the same time, the mechanical linkage centering ensures stable repeatability and positioning accuracy, avoiding the accuracy fluctuations of manual alignment and guaranteeing the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0019] 2. A machining center based on mold production, which deeply integrates a waste chip blowing unit with a self-weight triggering structure. Utilizing high-pressure air generated by the piston's downward compression of the high-pressure air chamber as the blowing air source, it eliminates the need for an external independent air pump. While the mold workpiece is positioned, high-pressure gas is ejected obliquely upwards from each waste chip blowing hole through the exhaust channel and annular air distribution ring, fully covering the bearing area on the top surface of the mounting base. This blows away metal waste generated during previous processing, ensuring a flat and clean surface for the mold workpiece to be processed. It effectively prevents metal waste from accumulating on the positioning bearing surface, preventing waste from lifting the workpiece and causing deviations in clamping flatness, thus maintaining the long-term accuracy and stability of the positioning reference. Simultaneously, it reduces the frequency of manual downtime for waste chip removal, lowers the workload of operators, and increases the effective processing time of the equipment.

[0020] 3. A machining center based on mold production, featuring a split quick-change design for the mold base plate assembly and mounting base, allowing for the individual removal and replacement of the mold pallet. On one hand, it allows for the replacement of pallets of corresponding specifications according to different sizes and shapes of mold workpieces, adapting to the processing needs of multiple mold models and enhancing the equipment's versatility. On the other hand, it supports offline pre-clamping operations: mold workpieces can be pre-locked onto the mold pallet outside the machine tool, and the next workpiece is pre-clamped simultaneously while the machine tool processes the current workpiece. When changing parts, the entire pallet can be lifted and replaced, significantly reducing machine downtime and substantially increasing the equipment's processing capacity.

[0021] 4. A machining center equipment based on mold production, which adopts a dual buffer structure of pneumatic buffer and spring reset: the compressed air in the high-pressure air chamber can absorb the impact load when the mold is hoisted and dropped, avoid rigid collision between the workpiece and the positioning surface, and protect the workpiece surface and internal transmission components; the first reset spring and the second reset spring cooperate to realize the automatic reset of the lifting structure and the radial pushing structure respectively; the transmission link adopts the rolling friction form of rollers and guide grooves, which greatly reduces the transmission resistance and component wear.

[0022] Meanwhile, the transmission structure is embedded inside the mounting base, with few exposed parts, which can prevent cutting fluid and waste chips from entering the transmission cavity, reduce the risk of component corrosion and jamming, and effectively extend the overall service life and accuracy retention period of the equipment.

[0023] 5. A machining center based on mold production, comprising a waste chip cleaning trough and scraper structure integrated at the bottom of the mounting base. Waste chips falling into the positioning chute and chip discharge chute are ultimately collected in the bottom waste chip cleaning trough. During routine maintenance, the operator only needs to pull the external pull ring, which drives the scraper to slide via the pull rod, pushing the accumulated chips in the trough to the chip discharge port for discharge from the equipment. This structure allows for internal chip cleaning without disassembling the mounting base, making maintenance simple and convenient. It effectively prevents waste chips from accumulating inside the equipment for a long time, reducing equipment maintenance costs and the probability of failure.

[0024] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the positioning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first decomposed state structure of the positioning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second decomposed state structure of the positioning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional structure of the mounting base of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the diagram; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional structure of the mounting base of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the diagram; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third cross-sectional structure of the mounting base of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mold position correction component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the mold position correction component of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Bed; 2. Worktable; 3. Spindle machining unit; 4. Positioning mechanism; 41. Mounting base; 42. Mold base plate assembly; 421. Mold support plate; 422. Square groove; 423. Baffle; 424. Locking bolt; 425. Arc-shaped guide block; 43. Waste chip cleaning groove; 44. Scraper; 45. Tie rod; 46. Pull ring; 47. Center guide hole; 48. Positioning slide groove; 49. Push-pull clearance groove; 410. Chip removal groove; 411. Chip removal port; 412. Exhaust channel; 413. Waste chip blowing hole; 414. Annular air distribution ring; 415. Weight-triggered centering. Correction unit; 4151, central guide sleeve; 4152, partition; 4153, high-pressure air chamber; 4154, transmission chamber; 4155, load-bearing lifting column; 4156, conical block; 4157, connecting rod; 4158, piston; 4159, first return spring; 41510, square through slot; 41511, spring pull ring; 41512, push-pull rod; 41513, second return spring; 41514, slider; 41515, actuating rod; 41516, exhaust port; 41517, air inlet pipe; 41518, air inlet check valve; 416, exhaust check valve; 5. Control box. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] This invention provides two technical solutions: a machining center equipment based on mold production, specifically including the following embodiments: like Figure 1 The first embodiment is shown: a machining center equipment based on mold production, including a bed 1 and a worktable 2 fixedly installed inside the bed 1. Inside the bed 1 and above the worktable 2, a spindle machining unit 3 for machining molds is also provided. A positioning mechanism 4 is provided on the top of the worktable 2. The positioning mechanism 4 has a bearing reference surface for supporting the mold workpiece to be processed. The positioning mechanism 4 is equipped with a self-weight triggered centering correction unit 415. The self-weight triggered centering correction unit 415 can use the downward pressure of the self-weight of the mold workpiece when it is hoisted and placed as the driving force to synchronously drive multiple sets of correction actuators to retract radially towards the center, and automatically complete the centering correction of the mold workpiece in the hoisting and falling state. A control box 5 is fixedly installed on one side of the bed 1. The control box 5 is electrically connected to the pneumatic control elements of the spindle machining unit 3 and the positioning mechanism 4.

[0029] The spindle machining unit 3 is mounted on the upper part of the bed 1 via a gantry column structure, enabling CNC feed motion in the X, Y, and Z axes. It is equipped with milling cutters, drill bits, and other cutting tools at the front end, completing multiple machining processes such as milling, drilling, boring, and tapping of the mold workpiece. Its drive motor and feed screw assembly are electrically connected to the CNC system in the control box 5, operating automatically according to a preset machining program. The positioning mechanism 4 is fastened to the center of the top surface of the worktable 2 with bolts and positioning pins. The bearing reference surface is precision ground to a flatness of no less than 0.01mm, providing a stable clamping reference for the mold workpiece. The self-weight triggered centering and correction unit requires no additional power source such as a motor or cylinder; it uses only the total weight of the mold workpiece and the pallet as the sole driving force. Centering and correction are completed synchronously during the workpiece's lifting and falling stroke. During lifting, only the workpiece needs to be roughly aligned with the center of the positioning mechanism, significantly reducing the operational accuracy requirements for lifting and positioning. The control box 5 has a built-in CNC system and pneumatic control circuit. On the one hand, it regulates the machining action of the spindle machining unit 3, and on the other hand, it controls the on / off state of the air circuit components in the positioning mechanism 4 to ensure the timing matching of the purging and resetting actions.

[0030] like Figures 2-11 The second embodiment is shown, which differs from the first embodiment in that: the positioning mechanism 4 includes a mounting base 41 fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench 2 and a mold base plate assembly 42 disposed on the top of it. The mold base plate assembly 42 includes a mold support plate 421 detachably disposed on the top of the mounting base 41, and the top surface of the mold support plate 421 constitutes a bearing reference surface; the self-weight triggered centering correction unit 415 is integrated inside the mounting base 41, and its correction actuator extends upward out of the top surface of the mounting base 41 and can extend into the correction mating space at the bottom of the mold support plate 421.

[0031] The mold support plate 421 and the mounting base 41 adopt a split quick-change structure, which can replace the mold support plate 421 of the corresponding specifications according to the shape, size and weight of the mold to be processed, and adapt to the processing requirements of different models of molds. The straightening and mating space is a cavity structure with a concave bottom of the mold support plate 421. In the initial state, the straightening actuator is in the centrally converging position, and its outer contour dimension is smaller than the cavity opening size, which ensures that the cavity can be smoothly fitted into the outside of the straightening actuator when it is hoisted and lowered, without interference or collision.

[0032] In this embodiment, baffles 423 are fixedly provided around the top surface of the mold support plate 421. The baffles 423 together form a clamping space that matches the shape of the mold workpiece to be processed. Locking bolts 424 are threaded through the baffles 423. The end of the locking bolts 424 can be inserted into the clamping space to lock the mold workpiece from the side. A square groove 422 with the opening facing downward is provided at the bottom of the mold support plate 421. The square groove 422 constitutes the matching execution space for correction and positioning. Multiple arc-shaped guide blocks 425 are fixedly provided on the four sides of the bottom of the square groove 422. When the correction execution component moves outward and equidistantly, it can slide along the arc surface of the outer wall of the arc-shaped guide block 425 and be guided to the corner of the corresponding position in the square groove 422, so as to drive the mold support plate 421 and the workpiece to complete the rapid centering and correction positioning.

[0033] The locking end of the locking bolt 424 is bonded with a polyurethane anti-slip pad, which increases the friction with the mold sidewall during tightening and prevents scratching the workpiece surface. During clamping, the mold workpiece is first placed into the clamping space, and the baffle 423 completes the initial positioning. Then, each locking bolt 424 is tightened in sequence to rigidly connect the mold and the mold support plate 421 into one unit. The square groove 422 is concentrically set with the mold support plate 421, and the four corners are right angles. Its center coincides completely with the geometric center of the mold support plate 421. There are four sets of arc-shaped guide blocks 425, which are fixed at the midpoint of the four side walls of the square groove 422. The convex arc surface of the arc-shaped guide block 425 gradually increases in protrusion from top to bottom, forming a gradual guide slope. When the correction actuator moves radially outward, the outer wall of the rod makes rolling contact with the arc surface. Under the action of the lateral component force of the arc surface, the mold support plate 421 is pushed to shift in the horizontal plane, gradually calibrating the center position. Finally, the correction actuator is inserted into the right-angle corner of the square groove 422 and simultaneously fits and limits with the two adjacent side walls to complete the centering and positioning.

[0034] In this embodiment, the self-weight triggered centering correction unit 415 includes a central lifting buffer assembly, a linkage transmission assembly, and multiple sets of radial pushing assemblies distributed radially along the mounting base 41. The top of the central lifting buffer assembly extends upward beyond the top surface of the mounting base 41. When it is pressed down by the weight of the mold support plate 421, it moves downward in the vertical direction and synchronously drives each set of radial pushing assemblies to slide outward in the radial direction through the linkage transmission assembly.

[0035] In this embodiment, the central lifting buffer assembly includes a central guide sleeve 4151 disposed at the center of the top surface of the mounting base 41. A partition 4152 is fixedly disposed inside the central guide sleeve 4151, dividing the interior of the central guide sleeve 4151 into an upper transmission chamber 4154 and a lower high-pressure air chamber 4153. A plurality of square through slots 41510 communicating with the transmission chamber 4154 are evenly opened around the outer wall of the central guide sleeve 4151. A fixed device is provided on the side wall of the square through slots 41510. A spring pull ring 41511 is provided. A load-bearing lifting column 4155 is slidably arranged in the transmission chamber 4154. A connecting rod 4157 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the load-bearing lifting column 4155. The connecting rod 4157 slidably passes through the partition 4152 and is fixedly connected to a piston 4158. The top of the load-bearing lifting column 4155 extends upward out of the top surface of the mounting base 41. The piston 4158 is sealed and slidably arranged in the high-pressure air chamber 4153. A first return spring 4159 is arranged between the piston 4158 and the bottom of the high-pressure air chamber 4153.

[0036] The central guide sleeve 4151 is a cylindrical precision component, which is inserted into the central guide hole 47 of the mounting base 41 by interference fit, with a coaxiality error of no more than 0.01mm. The partition plate 4152 is a horizontal circular steel plate, which is sealed and welded to the inner wall of the central guide sleeve 4151, completely dividing the internal space into two independent chambers; the transmission chamber 4154 is an open transmission space that houses the inner end structure of the linkage transmission component and the radial pushing component; the high-pressure air chamber 4153 is a closed air chamber, which contains normal pressure air under normal conditions. The top of the load-bearing lifting column 4155 is fitted with a nylon buffer pad, which can buffer the impact and reduce noise when in contact with the bottom surface of the mold support plate 421. A guide bushing with a sealing ring is provided between the connecting rod 4157 and the partition plate 4152 to ensure smooth sliding of the connecting rod and maintain the airtightness of the high-pressure air chamber 4153. A Gladley ring is embedded in the annular groove of the outer wall of piston 4158, forming a dynamic seal with the inner wall of high-pressure chamber 4153 to ensure no gas leakage during compression. The first return spring 4159 is a cylindrical helical compression spring, whose elastic force is greater than the total weight of the lifting column, connecting rod, piston, and linkage components, ensuring that the load-bearing lifting column 4155 always remains in the pushed-out upper position when there is no external load. Four square through slots 41510 are evenly opened circumferentially to provide radial sliding clearance space for the push-pull rod. The spring pull ring 41511 is used to hook the return spring, providing a return pull reference for the radial push assembly.

[0037] In this embodiment, the linkage transmission assembly includes a conical block 4156 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod 4157. The conical block 4156 is located in the transmission chamber 4154 and has a frustum structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Multiple guide grooves are evenly opened around the outer wall of the conical block 4156. The radial pushing assembly includes multiple push-pull rods 41512 that are correspondingly slidably disposed inside the mounting base 41. The multiple push-pull rods 41512 are radially distributed along the mounting base 41. A roller is rotatably disposed at one end of the push-pull rod 41512 near the outer wall of the conical block 4156. The roller is rolled in a guide groove at the corresponding position. When no external force is applied to the top of the load-bearing lifting column 4155, the roller is located at the bottom of the guide groove. A slider 41514 is also fixedly disposed at the top of the push-pull rod 41512. A toggle rod 41515, which serves as a correction actuator, is fixedly disposed at the top of the slider 41514. The toggle rod 41515 extends upward from the top surface of the mounting base 41 and can extend into the inner area of ​​the square groove 422.

[0038] Four sets of push-pull rods 41512 are evenly distributed along the circumference at 90°, corresponding one-to-one with the four directions of the square groove 422. The actuating rod 41515 is a cylindrical straight rod, made of bearing steel and hardened, which is not easily deformed or worn due to long-term contact with the arc-shaped guide block 425. In the initial state, the roller is pressed tightly against the lower end of the guide groove under the pull of the return spring, and the four sets of actuating rods 41515 are gathered in the central area; when the conical block 4156 moves down with the load-bearing lifting column 4155, the side wall of the guide groove pushes the roller to move radially outward, which in turn drives the push-pull rod 41512, the slider 41514, and the actuating rod 41515 to disperse outward synchronously, realizing the synchronous equidistant movement of the four sets of actuators.

[0039] In this embodiment, a central guide hole 47 is provided at the top center of the mounting base 41, and a central guide sleeve 4151 is fixedly disposed in the central guide hole 47. Multiple positioning grooves 48 are evenly distributed around the central guide hole 47 on the top of the mounting base 41. A slider 41514 is slidably disposed in the corresponding positioning groove 48. A push-pull clearance groove 49 is also provided at the bottom of each positioning groove 48, and a push-pull rod 41512 is slidably disposed in the corresponding push-pull clearance groove 49. One end with a roller extends through the square through slot 41510 into the transmission chamber 4154. One end of each of the multiple push-pull clearance slots 49 is connected to the square through slots 41510 at multiple positions. Each push-pull clearance slot 49 has a chip discharge slot 410 at the bottom for discharging waste chips that fall into the positioning slide 48. A chip discharge port 411 is provided on the lower side of the bottom of the chip discharge slot 410. A second return spring 41513 is connected between the push-pull rod 41512 and the spring pull ring 41511.

[0040] In this embodiment, the mounting base 41 integrates a waste cleaning unit. The waste cleaning unit includes an exhaust channel 412, an annular air distribution ring 414, and a plurality of waste cleaning holes 413 distributed on the top surface of the mounting base 41. The air inlet end of the plurality of exhaust channels 412 is connected to the high-pressure air chamber 4153, and an exhaust one-way valve 416 is provided between the two. The air outlet end of the plurality of exhaust channels 412 and the plurality of waste cleaning holes 413 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence. The annular air distribution ring 414 is sleeved on the outside of the plurality of waste cleaning holes 413. A plurality of cleaning holes are evenly opened on the side wall of the annular air distribution ring 414. An air inlet pipe 41517 communicating with the high-pressure air chamber 4153 is fixedly installed on one side of the central guide sleeve 4151. An air inlet one-way valve 41518 is installed on the air inlet pipe 41517, and the air inlet pipe 41517 passes through the mounting base 41 and is connected to the external atmosphere. Multiple exhaust holes 41516 communicating with the high-pressure air chamber 4153 are opened on the lower side wall of the central guide sleeve 4151. The multiple exhaust holes 41516 and multiple exhaust channels 412 are connected in a corresponding manner.

[0041] The annular air distribution ring 414 is an annular hollow cavity, embedded in the annular groove on the top surface of the mounting base 41. 20-30 waste chip blowing holes 413 are evenly distributed on the top surface, with the blowing holes angled upwards at 30°. The blowing range covers the entire top surface of the mounting base 41 and the bottom surface of the mold support plate 421, effectively blowing away metal waste chips that have fallen during processing, preventing waste chips from accumulating on the bearing surface and affecting the flatness and positioning accuracy of the workpiece. An air filter element is installed at the outer end of the air inlet pipe 41517 to filter dust and impurities in the air, preventing contamination of the air chamber.

[0042] In this embodiment, a waste cleaning groove 43 is provided at the bottom of the mounting base 41. A scraper 44 is slidably provided on the inner wall of the waste cleaning groove 43. A pull rod 45 is fixedly connected to one side of the scraper 44. One end of the pull rod 45 extends to the outside of the mounting base 41 and is fixedly connected to a pull ring 46.

[0043] This invention also provides a processing method based on mold production, using a mold production-based machining center. The method includes the following steps: Step 1, Pre-clamping the workpiece: Place the workpiece to be processed on the top surface of the mold support plate 421, and use the baffles 423 around the perimeter for initial positioning. Tighten the locking bolts 424 to lock the workpiece to the mold support plate 421 as one unit. Step 2, Overall Lifting and Alignment: Using lifting equipment, the mold pallet 421 carrying the mold workpiece is lifted to directly above the mounting base 41. The mold pallet 421 is slowly lowered so that the square groove 422 on the bottom surface is aligned and fitted onto the outside of each set of actuating rods 41515. The mold pallet 421 continues to fall and presses down on the load-bearing lifting column 4155, driving the connecting rod 4157 and piston 4158 to move down synchronously, compressing the gas in the high-pressure air chamber 4153. At the same time, the conical block 4156 moves along with it. As the load-bearing lifting column 4155 descends, it pushes each push-pull rod 41512 radially outward via the transmission linkage, causing each set of actuating rods 41515 to simultaneously disperse equidistantly in all directions. During the outward movement of the actuating rods 41515, they slide along the arc surface of the outer wall of the arc-shaped guide block 425 within the square groove 422, guiding the mold support plate 421 to gradually align. Finally, the actuating rods 41515 are engaged at the corresponding corners of the square groove 422, completing the automatic alignment and positioning of the mold support plate 421 and the workpiece, as well as the blowing away of waste chips. Step 3: After processing is completed, the mold support plate 421 and the workpiece are lifted and unloaded as a whole by the hoisting equipment. After the load-bearing lifting column 4155 loses pressure, the first return spring 4159 pushes the piston 4158, connecting rod 4157 and load-bearing lifting column 4155 to move upward and reset. The second return spring 41513 drives the push-pull rod 41512 and the toggle rod 41515 to retract towards the center and reset. External air is supplemented into the high-pressure air chamber 4153 through the air inlet pipe 41517. Pulling the pull ring 46 drives the scraper plate 44 to slide along the waste chip cleaning groove 43 to discharge the waste chips in the groove from the equipment.

[0044] In use, firstly, offline clamping is completed outside the machine tool. The mold workpiece to be processed is placed on the top surface of the mold support plate 421 of the mold base plate assembly 42. The clamping space formed by the baffles 423 fixedly set around the top surface of the mold support plate 421 is used to initially limit the circumferential position of the workpiece. Then, the locking bolts 424 threaded through each baffle 423 are tightened in sequence, so that the ends of the locking bolts 424 extend into the clamping space and abut against the side wall of the mold workpiece, locking the mold workpiece and the mold support plate 421 into one piece, thus completing the pre-clamping.

[0045] The mold base plate assembly 42, carrying the mold workpiece, is hoisted as a whole to the positioning mechanism 4 above the worktable 2 inside the bed 1 using hoisting equipment. The mounting base 41 of the positioning mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the worktable 2. The mold support plate 421 is controlled to slowly and vertically fall, so that the square groove 422 with the bottom opening of the mold support plate 421 facing downward is aligned with and fits into the outside of each set of actuating rods 41515 extending from the top surface of the mounting base 41.

[0046] As the mold support plate 421 continues to fall, its bottom surface presses down on the top of the load-bearing lifting column 4155 of the self-weight triggered centering and correction unit 415, causing the load-bearing lifting column 4155 to descend vertically along the central guide sleeve 4151 fixed in the central guide hole 47 at the top of the mounting base 41. The connecting rod 4157 fixed at the bottom of the load-bearing lifting column 4155 slides down along the partition plate 4152, simultaneously driving the piston 4158 at the bottom of the connecting rod 4157 to descend sealed within the high-pressure air chamber 4153 at the lower part of the central guide sleeve 4151, compressing the air in the high-pressure air chamber 4153, and simultaneously compressing the first return spring 4159 between the piston 4158 and the bottom of the high-pressure air chamber 4153. The high-pressure air chamber 4153 is compressed by the piston 4158. The high-pressure gas formed by compression 158 opens the exhaust check valve 416 through the exhaust hole 41516 on the lower side wall of the central guide sleeve 4151 and enters the exhaust channel 412 correspondingly set inside the mounting base 41. The high-pressure gas flow is transported to the annular air distribution ring 414 through the exhaust channel 412. After being evenly distributed by the annular air distribution ring 414, it is blown upward at an angle from several waste chip blowing holes 413 distributed on the top surface of the mounting base 41, continuously blowing away the metal waste generated during processing, and preventing the waste chips from accumulating on the top surface of the mounting base 41 and affecting the positioning flatness. After the blown-away waste chips fall into the positioning slide groove 48, they fall into the chip discharge groove 410 below through the push-pull clearance groove 49 and gather outward along the inclined chip discharge groove 410.

[0047] During the downward movement of the conical block 4156, the guide grooves evenly opened around its outer wall push the rollers at the inner ends of each set of push-pull rods 41512 to move radially outward. The push-pull rods 41512 slide outward along the push-pull clearance grooves 49 correspondingly provided in the mounting base 41, and simultaneously drive the slider 41514 fixed at the top of the push-pull rod 41512 to slide outward along the positioning groove 48 on the top surface of the mounting base 41, thereby driving the actuating rod 41515 fixed at the top of the slider 41514 to simultaneously disperse equidistantly in all directions.

[0048] During the outward movement of the actuating rod 41515, the outer wall of the rod slides along the arc surface of the outer wall of the arc-shaped guide block 425 fixed to the inner four sides of the square groove 422. Under the action of the lateral component force of the arc surface, the mold support plate 421 is pushed to gradually shift off the calibration center in the horizontal plane. Finally, each set of actuating rods 41515 is simultaneously engaged in the corresponding right-angle corner of the square groove 422, and simultaneously fits and limits the two side walls of the corner, completing the automatic centering and positioning of the mold support plate 421 and the workpiece. At this time, the bottom surface of the mold support plate 421 completely falls onto the bearing reference surface of the top surface of the mounting base 41.

[0049] After centering and positioning are completed, the control box 5 fixed on one side of the bed 1 issues CNC commands to drive the spindle machining unit 3 above the worktable 2 to perform multi-process machining operations such as milling, drilling, boring, and tapping on the mold workpiece according to the preset machining program.

[0050] After processing, the mold support plate 421 and the workpiece are lifted and unloaded as a whole using hoisting equipment. After the load-bearing lifting column 4155 loses external pressure, the elastic force of the first return spring 4159 pushes the piston 4158 to move upward along the high-pressure air chamber 4153 to reset. Simultaneously, the connecting rod 4157 drives the load-bearing lifting column 4155 and the conical block 4156 to move upward back to the initial upper position. At the same time, the contraction force of the second return spring 41513 pulls the push-pull rod 41512 along the push-pull clearance groove. 49 retracts towards the center, causing slider 41514 to slide back towards the center along positioning groove 48, so that each set of actuating rods 41515 retracts and resets towards the center simultaneously; during the upward movement of piston 4158, negative pressure is formed in high-pressure air chamber 4153, exhaust one-way valve 416 is closed by negative pressure, and intake one-way valve 41518 on intake pipe 41517 is opened, and externally filtered air is supplemented into high-pressure air chamber 4153 through intake pipe 41517, completing the air chamber replenishment and reset.

[0051] During regular maintenance and cleaning of the equipment, the operator holds the pull ring 46 on the outside of the mounting base 41 and pulls the pull rod 45 back and forth. This causes the scraper plate 44 fixed at the end of the pull rod 45 to slide back and forth along the waste chip cleaning groove 43 at the bottom of the mounting base 41, pushing out the waste chips accumulated in the waste chip cleaning groove 43 and finally discharging them to the outside of the equipment through the openings on both sides of the waste chip cleaning groove 43, thus completing the internal chip cleaning.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0053] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machining center for mold production, comprising a bed and a worktable fixedly disposed inside the bed, wherein a spindle machining unit for machining molds is further disposed inside the bed and above the worktable, characterized in that: The top of the workbench is equipped with a positioning mechanism. The positioning mechanism has a bearing reference surface for supporting the mold workpiece to be processed. The positioning mechanism is also equipped with a self-weight triggered centering correction unit. The self-weight triggered centering correction unit can use the downward pressure of the self-weight of the mold workpiece when it is hoisted and placed as the driving force to synchronously drive multiple sets of correction actuators to retract radially towards the center, so as to automatically complete the centering correction of the mold workpiece in the hoisting and falling state. A control box is fixedly installed on one side of the bed, and the control box is electrically connected to the pneumatic control elements of the spindle machining unit and the positioning mechanism.

2. The machining center equipment based on mold production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism includes a mounting base fixedly installed on the top of the workbench and a mold base plate assembly disposed on the top of the workbench. The mold base plate assembly includes a mold support plate detachably disposed on the top of the mounting base, and the top surface of the mold support plate constitutes the bearing reference surface. The self-weight triggered centering correction unit is integrated inside the mounting base, and its correction actuator extends upward out of the top surface of the mounting base and can extend into the correction mating space at the bottom of the mold support plate.

3. The machining center equipment based on mold production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the mold support plate is fixedly equipped with baffles on all four sides. The four baffles together form a clamping space that matches the shape of the mold workpiece to be processed. Locking bolts are threaded through the baffles. The end of the locking bolts can be inserted into the clamping space to lock the mold workpiece from the side. The bottom of the mold support plate has a square groove with its opening facing downwards. The square groove forms a matching execution space for correction and positioning. Multiple arc-shaped guide blocks are fixedly arranged on the four side walls of the bottom of the square groove. When the correction execution component moves outwards at equal distances, it can slide along the arc-shaped surface of the outer wall of the arc-shaped guide block and be guided to the corner of the corresponding position in the square groove, so as to drive the mold support plate and the workpiece to complete the rapid centering and correction positioning.

4. The machining center equipment based on mold production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-weight triggered centering correction unit includes a central lifting buffer assembly, a linkage transmission assembly, and multiple sets of radially distributed radial pushing assemblies along the mounting base. The top of the central lifting buffer assembly extends upward beyond the top surface of the mounting base. When it is pressed down by the weight of the mold support plate, it moves downward in the vertical direction and synchronously drives each set of radially pushing assemblies to slide outward and disperse radially through the linkage transmission assembly.

5. The machining center equipment based on mold production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The central lifting buffer assembly includes a central guide sleeve positioned at the center of the top surface of the mounting base. A partition is fixedly installed inside the central guide sleeve, dividing its interior into an upper transmission chamber and a lower high-pressure air chamber. Multiple square through-slots communicating with the transmission chamber are evenly distributed around the outer wall of the central guide sleeve. Spring pull rings are fixedly installed on the side walls of the square through-slots. A load-bearing lifting column is slidably installed inside the transmission chamber. A connecting rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the load-bearing lifting column, which slidably passes through the partition and is fixedly connected to a piston. The top of the load-bearing lifting column extends upwards beyond the top surface of the mounting base. The piston is slidably and sealingly installed inside the high-pressure air chamber, and a first return spring is installed between the piston and the bottom of the high-pressure air chamber.

6. The machining center equipment based on mold production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linkage transmission assembly includes a conical block fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod. The conical block is located in the transmission chamber and has a frustum structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Multiple guide grooves are evenly opened around the outer wall of the conical block. The radial pushing component includes multiple push-pull rods that are slidably disposed inside the mounting base. The multiple push-pull rods are radially distributed along the mounting base. A roller is rotatably disposed at one end of each push-pull rod near the outer wall of the conical block. The roller is rolled in a guide groove at a corresponding position. When no external force is applied to the top of the load-bearing lifting column, the roller is located at the bottom of the guide groove. A slider is also fixedly disposed at the top of the push-pull rod. A toggle rod, which serves as the corrective actuator, is fixedly disposed at the top of the slider. The toggle rod extends upward from the top surface of the mounting base and can extend into the inner area of ​​the square groove.

7. A machining center equipment based on mold production according to claim 6, characterized in that: A central guide hole is provided at the top center of the mounting base, and a central guide sleeve is fixedly installed in the central guide hole. Multiple positioning grooves are evenly provided around the central guide hole on the top of the mounting base. The slider is slidably installed in the positioning groove at the corresponding position. A push-pull clearance groove is also provided at the bottom of each positioning groove. The push-pull rod is slidably installed in the push-pull clearance groove at the corresponding position, and the end of the push-pull rod with a roller extends through a square through groove into the transmission chamber. One end of each of the multiple push-pull clearance grooves is respectively connected to the square through groove at the multiple positions. The bottom of each push-pull clearance groove is also provided with a chip discharge groove for discharging waste chips that fall into the positioning groove. A chip discharge port is provided on the lower side of the bottom of the chip discharge groove. A second return spring is connected between the push-pull rod and the spring pull ring.

8. A machining center equipment based on mold production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting base integrates a waste cleaning unit, which includes an exhaust channel, an annular air distribution ring, and several waste cleaning holes distributed on the top surface of the mounting base. The air inlet of the multiple exhaust channels is connected to the high-pressure air chamber, and an exhaust one-way valve is provided between them. The air outlet of the multiple exhaust channels is connected to the multiple waste cleaning holes one by one. The annular air distribution ring is fitted around the multiple waste cleaning holes. The side wall of the annular air distribution ring is evenly provided with multiple cleaning holes. An air inlet pipe connected to the high-pressure air chamber is fixedly installed on one side of the central guide sleeve. An air inlet one-way valve is installed on the air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe passes through the mounting base and is connected to the outside atmosphere. Multiple exhaust holes connected to the high-pressure air chamber are opened on the lower side wall of the central guide sleeve. The multiple exhaust holes and multiple exhaust channels are connected in a corresponding manner.

9. A machining center equipment based on mold production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the mounting base is provided with a waste cleaning groove, and a scraper is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the waste cleaning groove. A pull rod is fixedly connected to one side of the scraper, and one end of the pull rod extends to the outside of the mounting base and is fixedly connected to a pull ring.

10. A processing method based on mold production, employing the processing center equipment based on mold production as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Pre-lock and fix the workpiece to be processed into a clamping unit that can be hoisted as a whole. The bottom of the clamping unit is reserved with a centering fit structure that is compatible with the straightening actuator, thus completing the offline pre-clamping. Step 2: Using hoisting equipment, the entire clamping assembly is hoisted to the positioning mechanism above the worktable inside the machine bed. The entire clamping assembly is controlled to slowly and vertically fall. The clamping assembly uses its own weight to press down and trigger the self-weight triggered centering correction unit configured in the positioning mechanism. Simultaneously, multiple sets of correction actuators are driven to retract radially towards the center, automatically completing the centering correction of the clamping assembly in the falling state. Finally, the entire clamping assembly falls smoothly onto the bearing reference surface of the positioning mechanism, completing the precise positioning and the cleaning of waste chips before positioning. Step 3: After positioning is completed, the control box issues CNC commands to drive the spindle machining unit above the worktable to perform multi-process machining operations on the mold workpiece according to the preset machining program. After machining is completed, the clamping unit and the mold workpiece are lifted and unloaded together by the hoisting equipment. After the self-weight triggered centering and correction unit loses pressure, it drives the correction actuator to reset to the initial state.

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