Helmet with adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy and control method

Abstract

A helmet and control method for an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloys are provided. The helmet includes: a helmet shell; a helmet inner shell having an outer surface configured to face the helmet shell and an inner surface configured to face away from the helmet shell, the inner shell having a through hole and blades driven by a first shape memory alloy wire to close or open the opening of the through hole; a flexible inner liner substrate configured to directly engage with the head, the flexible inner liner substrate having a shape memory alloy micro-drive array, the flexible inner liner substrate being driven by the shape memory alloy micro-drive array to change shape, the shape memory alloy micro-drive array being composed of multiple second shape memory alloy wires; and a control element for changing the temperature of the first and second shape memory alloy wires to cause deformation of the first and second shape memory alloy wires.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of helmet technology, and in particular to a helmet and control method based on an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system using shape memory alloy. Background Technology

[0002] The core of cycling helmet comfort lies in its fit and heat dissipation. To address these two key requirements, current technologies have evolved primarily along these paths: The mainstream approach uses foamed materials (such as EPS) as a cushioning liner, combined with mechanical adjustment mechanisms (such as rotary head circumference adjusters and webbing) to achieve a basic head circumference fit. Ventilation relies on pre-installed fixed ventilation holes on the helmet shell, utilizing the relative airflow generated by head movement during cycling to create passive convection and remove heat. The limitations of this approach are: mechanical adjustments can only achieve limited size adaptations and cannot provide a personalized, precise fit for different head shapes; furthermore, passive heat dissipation efficiency is entirely dependent on cycling speed, with a sharp drop in heat dissipation at low speeds or when stationary, easily leading to stuffiness and discomfort.

[0003] To further improve the controllability of heat dissipation, some technical solutions have introduced mechanisms for manually adjusting the ventilation openings, allowing users to open or close some ventilation holes according to real-time needs, in order to balance heat dissipation and warmth to a certain extent. However, such solutions still require active user intervention, cannot automatically adjust according to the actual heat and humidity of the head, and do not improve the issue of personalized fit. In addition, the addition of adjustment mechanisms often increases the weight and structural complexity of the helmet.

[0004] In view of this, there is an urgent need to provide a helmet and control method based on an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system of shape memory alloy, so as to (dynamically) adjust the fitting performance and heat dissipation performance of the helmet. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application is made in view of the aforementioned state of the prior art. The purpose of this application is to provide a helmet and control method for an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy.

[0006] A helmet based on an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system using shape memory alloy is provided. The helmet includes: a helmet shell; a helmet inner shell disposed within the helmet shell, the helmet inner shell having an outer surface configured to face the helmet shell and an inner surface configured to face away from the helmet shell, the helmet inner shell having a through hole connecting the outer surface and the inner surface, the helmet inner shell having blades driven by a first shape memory alloy wire of the helmet to close or open the opening of the through hole; a flexible inner liner substrate disposed on the side of the helmet inner shell facing away from the helmet shell, and the flexible inner liner substrate being configured to directly engage with the wearer's head, wherein the flexible inner liner substrate has a shape memory alloy micro-drive array, the flexible inner liner substrate being driven by the shape memory alloy micro-drive array to change shape, wherein the shape memory alloy micro-drive array is composed of a plurality of second shape memory alloy wires; and a control element for changing the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire and the second shape memory alloy wires to cause deformation of the first shape memory alloy wire and the second shape memory alloy wire.

[0007] Optionally, the plurality of second shape memory alloy wires are arranged in a mesh.

[0008] Optionally, the shape memory alloy micro-drive array is configured with a forehead array, a left temporal array, a right temporal array, an occipital array, and a neck array to drive different parts of the flexible liner substrate corresponding to the forehead, left temporal, right temporal, occipital, and neck of the wearer's head, respectively.

[0009] Optionally, the forehead array, the left temporal array, the right temporal array, the occipital array, and the neck array are each independently controlled by the control element.

[0010] Optionally, the inner shell of the helmet is provided with a pipe, and the first shape memory alloy wire is disposed in the pipe. One end of the first shape memory alloy wire is connected to the outer shell of the helmet or the inner shell of the helmet, and the other end of the first shape memory alloy wire is connected to the blade. The first shape memory alloy wire is driven by the control element to shorten or restore its length, thereby moving the blade to open or close the opening of the through hole. The direction of movement of the blade is parallel to the opening surface of the through hole.

[0011] Optionally, a fixed block and a slider are provided inside the pipe; wherein, a sliding groove is formed inside the fixed block, the slider is disposed in the sliding groove and is able to move within the sliding groove, wherein one end of the slider is connected to the first shape memory alloy wire, and the other end of the slider is connected to the blade.

[0012] Optionally, the slider can move between a first position and a second position within the sliding groove. When the first shape memory alloy wire pulls the slider to the first position, it causes the blade to move away from the opening of the through hole, and the through hole is in an open state. When the first shape memory alloy wire is in its length recovery state, the slider is in the second position, causing the blade to block the opening of the through hole, and the through hole is in a closed state. The bottom of the sliding groove has a groove, and a pin is disposed in the groove, wherein the opening direction of the groove is perpendicular to the movement direction of the slider. The bottom of the pin is connected to a third shape memory alloy wire, and the third shape memory alloy wire can drive the pin to move in the opening direction of the groove to lock or release the slider.

[0013] Optionally, a push rod and a first spring are provided inside the pipe; wherein, one end of the push rod extends into the sliding groove and is connected to the slider, and the other end of the push rod is connected to the blade; the first spring is sleeved on the push rod, and the fixed end of the first spring is connected to the side of the fixing block facing the blade, and the moving end of the first spring is connected to the push rod; wherein, when the slider is in the first position, the first spring is in a compressed state, and when the first shape memory alloy wire is in a length recovery state and the third shape memory alloy wire is in a contracted state, the first spring is used to pull the slider from the first position to the second position.

[0014] The embodiments of this application also provide a control method for an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy. Using a helmet based on the adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system of shape memory alloy according to this application, the control method includes: obtaining the contact pressure between the wearer's head and the flexible inner liner substrate; and adjusting the shape memory alloy micro-drive array based on the contact pressure to change the gap distance between the head and the flexible inner liner substrate.

[0015] Optionally, the control method includes: obtaining the wearing temperature of the flexible inner liner substrate; adjusting the shape memory alloy micro-drive array to increase the gap distance between the head and the flexible inner liner substrate in response to the wearing temperature being greater than a first preset temperature; and adjusting the first shape memory alloy wire to open the through hole in response to the wearing temperature being greater than a second preset temperature.

[0016] The helmet and control method based on the adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system of shape memory alloy provided above, in this embodiment of the application, blades are provided in the inner shell of the helmet. The blades are driven by the first shape memory alloy wire of the helmet to close or open the opening of the through hole. Furthermore, a shape memory alloy micro-drive array is provided inside the flexible inner liner substrate. The flexible inner liner substrate is driven by the shape memory alloy micro-drive array to change its shape, thereby (dynamically) adjusting the fitting performance and heat dissipation performance of the helmet. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 An exemplary structural diagram of a helmet shell and helmet inner shell based on a shape memory alloy adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system according to one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0018] Figure 2a An exemplary structural diagram is shown illustrating the relative relationship between the blades and through-holes of a helmet based on a shape memory alloy adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system according to one embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 2b An exemplary structural diagram showing the relative relationship between the blades and through holes of a helmet based on a shape memory alloy adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system according to another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0020] Figure 2c An exemplary structural diagram showing the relative relationship between the blades and through-holes of a helmet based on a shape memory alloy adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system according to another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 An exemplary structural diagram of a flexible liner substrate for an adaptive bonding and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloys according to one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0022] Figure 4 An exemplary structural diagram of the pipe structure and blades of an adaptive bonding and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy according to one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0023] Figure 5 An exemplary structural diagram of the sliding groove structure and blades of an adaptive bonding and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy according to one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0024] Figure 6 An exemplary block diagram of a control method for an adaptive bonding and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloys according to one embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Exemplary embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these specific descriptions are for teaching those skilled in the art how to implement this application only, and are not intended to exhaustively describe all possible methods of this application, nor to limit the scope of this application.

[0026] See Figures 1 to 3 The embodiments of this application provide a helmet (hereinafter referred to as helmet) based on an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system of shape memory alloy. The helmet includes: a helmet shell 10, a helmet inner shell 20 and a flexible inner liner substrate 30 arranged sequentially.

[0027] See Figures 3 to 5 The shape memory alloy used in this application may include a first shape memory alloy wire 101, a second shape memory alloy wire 102, and a third shape memory alloy wire 103. It should be understood that the shape memory alloy used in this application may be a copper-based shape memory alloy or an iron-based shape memory alloy, etc. The first shape memory alloy wire 101, the second shape memory alloy wire 102, and the third shape memory alloy wire 103 may be conventional single-pass shape memory alloys. These shape memory alloy wires shrink when heated and return to their natural state (elongated state) when the temperature decreases.

[0028] In some embodiments, the aforementioned shape memory alloy wire (e.g., the first shape memory alloy wire 101, the second shape memory alloy wire 102, or the third shape memory alloy wire 103) can be directly energized to cause the shape memory alloy wire to shrink.

[0029] In other embodiments, the shape memory alloy wire can be connected to or near a heating element, and the shape memory alloy wire (e.g., the first shape memory alloy wire 101, the second shape memory alloy wire 102, or the third shape memory alloy wire 103) can be contracted by controlling the heating element to raise its temperature.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the helmet shell 10 may be provided with one or more ventilation holes 11 to facilitate heat dissipation.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the helmet inner shell 20 can be disposed inside the helmet outer shell 10. The helmet inner shell 20 has an outer surface 201 configured to face the helmet outer shell 10 and an inner surface 202 configured to face away from the helmet outer shell 10. The helmet inner shell 20 is provided with a through hole 203 (see...). Figure 2a , Figure 2b as well as Figure 2c The through hole 203 connects the outer surface 201 of the inner shell and the inner surface 202 of the inner shell.

[0032] like Figure 2a , Figure 2b as well as Figure 2c As shown, in the axial direction of the through hole 203, the through hole 203 may have a first opening 2031 and a second opening 2032, wherein the first opening 2031 may be located on the outer surface 201 of the inner shell, and the second opening 2032 may be located on the inner surface 202 of the inner shell.

[0033] In some embodiments, the opening of the through hole 203 can be arranged opposite to the ventilation hole 11, and the through hole 203 and the ventilation hole 11 can form an air duct, so that the air inside the helmet inner shell 20 (i.e. inside the inner surface 202 of the inner shell) can be discharged outward along the through hole and the ventilation hole 11 to achieve heat dissipation inside the helmet inner shell 20.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 2a , Figure 2b , Figure 2c , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the inner shell 20 of the helmet is provided with blades 21, which are made of the helmet's first shape memory alloy wire 101 (see...). Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is driven to close or open the opening of the through hole 203. It should be understood that the shape of the blade can be changed according to requirements; in this application... Figure 2a , Figure 2b , Figure 2c , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 The shape of the leaves in the illustration is exemplary and not limiting.

[0035] Optionally, such as Figure 2a , Figure 2b , Figure 2c as well as Figure 4 As shown, the inner shell 20 of the helmet is provided with a pipe 22.

[0036] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2a As shown, the pipe 22 can be installed on the outer surface 201 of the inner shell of the helmet inner shell 20. At this time, the blade 21 can be installed on the outer surface 201 of the inner shell. When the blade 21 moves, it can block or open the first opening 2031 of the through hole 203.

[0037] In other embodiments, such as Figure 2b As shown, the pipe 22 can be disposed on the inner surface 202 of the inner shell of the helmet inner shell 20. Furthermore, the blade 21 can be disposed on the inner surface 202 of the inner shell. When the blade 21 moves, it can block or open the second opening 2032 of the through hole 22.

[0038] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 2cAs shown, the pipe 22 can be disposed within the helmet inner shell 20. Specifically, the pipe 22 is disposed between the outer surface 201 and the inner surface 202 of the inner shell. The blade 21 can move from the pipe 22 into the through hole 203, and the through hole 203 is cut off (closed) at the intermediate portion 2033 between the first opening 2031 and the second opening 2032.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, a first shape memory alloy wire 101 is disposed inside the pipe 22, wherein one end of the first shape memory alloy wire 101 (e.g., Figure 4 The left side of the helmet shell 10 or the inner shell 20 is connected to the helmet shell 10, and the other end of the first shape memory alloy wire 101 (e.g., Figure 4 The right side of the first shape memory alloy wire 101 is connected to the blade 21, wherein the first shape memory alloy wire 101 is driven by a control element to shorten or restore its length, thereby moving the blade 21 to open or close the opening of the through hole. The direction of movement of the blade 21 is (e.g., the direction of movement of the blade 21 is...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 The left-right direction of the blade 21 is parallel to the opening surface of the through hole (e.g., the first opening 2031 or the second opening 2032). It should be understood that the aforementioned movement direction of the blade 21 being parallel to the opening surface of the through hole can include the aforementioned movement direction being parallel to or approximately parallel to the aforementioned opening surface.

[0040] Optionally, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a fixed block 221 and a slider 222 are provided inside the pipe 22; wherein, a sliding groove 2211 is formed inside the fixed block 221, and the slider 222 is disposed in the sliding groove 2211 and can move within the sliding groove 2211; one end of the slider 222 is connected to the first shape memory alloy wire 101, and the other end of the slider 222 is connected to the blade 21. See Figure 4 The fixing block 221 can be installed inside the pipe 22.

[0041] Optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, slider 222 can move between a first position and a second position within sliding groove 2211. The first position can be located on the left side within sliding groove 2211, and the second position can be located on the right side within sliding groove 2211.

[0042] When the first shape memory alloy wire 101 pulls the slider 222 to the first position, it drives the blade 21 away from the opening of the through hole 203, and the through hole 203 is in the open state. When the first shape memory alloy wire 101 is in the length recovery state (or elongation state), the slider 222 is in the second position, and it drives the blade 21 to block the opening of the through hole 203, and the through hole 203 is in the closed state.

[0043] Furthermore, the bottom of the sliding groove 2211 has a groove 2212, and the pin 23 is disposed within the groove 2212, wherein the opening direction of the groove 2212 is perpendicular to the movement direction of the slider 222. It should be understood that the aforementioned movement direction of the slider 222 is... Figure 5 The left and right directions in the middle.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the pin 23 is connected to the third shape memory alloy wire 103, which can drive the pin to move in the opening direction of the groove 2212 to lock or release the slider 222.

[0045] Optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, a push rod 223 and a first spring 226 are provided inside the pipe 22; one end of the push rod 223 extends into the sliding groove 2211 and is connected to the slider 222, and the other end of the push rod 223 is connected to the blade 21; the first spring 226 is sleeved on the push rod 223, and the fixed end of the first spring 226 is connected (including abutting) to the side of the fixed block 221 facing the blade 21, and the moving end of the first spring 226 is connected to the push rod 223 (for example, abutting against the stop ring on the push rod 223); when the slider 222 is in the first position, the first spring 226 is in a compressed state, and when the first shape memory alloy wire 101 is in a length recovery state and the third shape memory alloy wire is in a contracted state, the first spring 226 is used to pull the slider 222 from the first position to the second position.

[0046] It is understandable that, such as Figure 5 As shown, through hole 203 needs to be opened (see...) Figure 2a , Figure 2b as well as Figure 2c When the opening of the first shape memory alloy wire 101 is opened, the third shape memory alloy wire 103 can be controlled by a control element (e.g., heated) and retracted, fully pulling the pin 23 into the groove 2212. At this time, the second spring 227 is compressed. Further, the first shape memory alloy wire 101 can retract after being controlled by the control element (heated), pulling the slider 222 to the first position. Figure 5 (On the left side of the image), blade 21 can open the opening of through hole 203. At this time, the first spring 226 is compressed.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, after the slider 222 is pulled to the first position, the control element can cancel the heating of the third shape memory alloy wire 103, which can return to its natural state (i.e., length recovery state). The pin 23, after being restored by the restoring force of the second spring 227, can then move towards... Figure 5The upper side of the slide moves and extends out of the groove 2212. At this time, the control element can cancel the heating of the first shape memory alloy wire 101, which can return to its natural state (length recovery state). At this time, the slider 222 can move to the right and can move to the left side of the pin 23 (at this time, the first spring 226 is still in the compressed state). It can be understood that by setting the pin, the blade 21 can be prevented from moving to the second position, so that the opening of the through hole is in the open state.

[0048] When it is necessary to close the opening of the through hole, such as Figure 5 As shown, the control element can control the third shape memory alloy wire 103 to shrink when heated, and pull the pin 23 to fully enter the groove 2212. At this time, the slider 222 continues to move under the restoring force of the first spring 226. Figure 5 The blade moves to the right and then to the second position, at which point the blade 21 can close the opening of the through hole.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the helmet also includes a flexible inner liner substrate 30, which can be made of a breathable elastic material, such as spandex, polyester-spandex blend, or polypropylene fiber.

[0050] Furthermore, the flexible inner liner substrate 30 is disposed on the side of the helmet inner shell 20 opposite to the helmet outer shell 10, and the flexible inner liner substrate 30 is configured to directly engage with the wearer's head. The flexible inner liner substrate 30 is provided with a shape memory alloy micro-drive array 31, which drives the flexible inner liner substrate 30 to change its shape. The shape memory alloy micro-drive array 31 is composed of multiple second shape memory alloy wires 102. Optionally, the multiple second shape memory alloy wires 102 can be arranged in a mesh.

[0051] Furthermore, the helmet may also include a control element that changes the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire 101 and the second shape memory alloy wire 102 so that the first shape memory alloy wire 101 and the second shape memory alloy wire 102 deform (i.e., change in length).

[0052] In some embodiments, the control element can be directly connected to the first shape memory alloy wire 101 and / or the second shape memory alloy wire 102, and provide current to the first shape memory alloy wire 101 and / or the second shape memory alloy wire 102 to change the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire 101 and / or the second shape memory alloy wire 102.

[0053] Similarly, the control element can be directly connected to the third memory alloy wire 103 and supply current to the third memory alloy wire 103 to change the temperature of the third memory alloy wire 103.

[0054] In other embodiments, the control element can be connected to a heating element, which can be connected to or near a first shape memory alloy wire 101 and / or a second shape memory alloy wire 102. The control element can control the heating of the heating element, thereby changing the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire 101 and / or the second shape memory alloy wire 102.

[0055] Similarly, the control element can be connected to the heating element, which can be connected to or near the third shape memory alloy wire 103. The control element can control the heating of the heating element, thereby changing the temperature of the third shape memory alloy wire 103.

[0056] In some embodiments, the flexible inner liner substrate 30 is provided with multiple sensors, such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and contact pressure sensors. Further, the aforementioned sensors may be disposed on the surface of the flexible inner liner substrate 30 that contacts the wearer's head. In other embodiments, the aforementioned multiple sensors may be disposed within the helmet inner shell. In still other embodiments, the aforementioned multiple sensors may be partially disposed within the flexible inner liner substrate 30 and partially disposed within the helmet inner shell 20.

[0057] It should be understood that multiple sensors can be set in different areas of the flexible inner liner substrate 30, such as the forehead area, left temporal area, right temporal area, occipital area, and neck area. When the wearer wears the helmet, the aforementioned forehead area, left temporal area, right temporal area, occipital area, and neck area can correspond to the wearer's forehead, left temporal area, right temporal area, occipital area, and neck.

[0058] Optionally, the shape memory alloy micro-drive array 31 is configured with a forehead array 301, a left temporal array 302, a right temporal array 303, an occipital array 304, and a neck array 305 to drive different parts of the flexible inner liner substrate 30 and the forehead, left temporal, right temporal, occipital, and neck of the wearer's head, respectively.

[0059] Optionally, the forehead array 301, the left temporal array 302, the right temporal array 303, the occipital array 304, and the neck array 305 are each independently controlled by a control element.

[0060] Understandably, when a wearer wears a helmet, the aforementioned contact pressure sensor can detect the pressure between the flexible inner liner substrate 30 and the wearer's head. The control element can heat one or more of the forehead array 301, left temporal array 302, right temporal array 303, occipital array 304, and neck array 305 individually based on the data from the contact pressure sensor, so that one or more of the aforementioned forehead array 301, left temporal array 302, right temporal array 303, occipital array 304, and neck array 305 deform to fit the wearer's head.

[0061] It should be understood that when the pressure value measured by the contact pressure sensor in a certain area (such as the forehead area, left temporal area, right temporal area, occipital area, and neck area) is greater than the preset pressure value, the distance between the flexible inner liner substrate 30 in that area and the wearer's head can be reduced. When the pressure value measured by the contact pressure sensor in a certain area is less than the preset pressure value, the distance between the flexible inner liner substrate 30 in that area and the wearer's head can be increased.

[0062] By incorporating a contact pressure sensor, a shape memory alloy micro-drive array 31, and a flexible inner liner substrate 30, the comfort of the wearer when using the helmet can be improved.

[0063] Furthermore, when the wearer is wearing the helmet, if the data detected by the temperature sensor or humidity sensor is greater than the first preset temperature or the first preset humidity, the control element can control the second shape memory alloy wire 102 (shape memory alloy micro-drive array 31) to deform, so as to increase the distance between the flexible inner liner substrate 30 and the wearer's head, thereby increasing the heat dissipation of the head.

[0064] Furthermore, when the data detected by the temperature sensor or humidity sensor is greater than the second preset temperature or the second preset humidity, the control element can control the first shape memory alloy wire 101 and the third shape memory alloy wire, so that the blade can open the through hole to increase the heat dissipation of the head.

[0065] like Figure 6 As shown, this application also provides a control method 600 for an adaptive bonding and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy. Using a helmet with the adaptive bonding and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy as described above, the control method 600 may include steps S601 and S602.

[0066] Step S601: Obtain the contact pressure between the wearer's head and the flexible inner liner substrate. Specifically, the contact pressure between the flexible inner liner substrate and the head can be measured using a contact pressure sensor on the flexible inner liner substrate. It should be understood that the aforementioned contact pressure can be the contact pressure of different regions, such as the pressure in the forehead region, left temporal region, right temporal region, occipital region, and neck region.

[0067] Step S602: Based on the contact pressure, adjust the shape memory alloy micro-drive array to change the gap distance between the head and the flexible inner liner substrate. Specifically, when the contact pressure is greater than a preset pressure, the gap distance between the head and the flexible inner liner substrate can be increased. When the contact pressure is less than the preset pressure, the gap distance between the head and the flexible inner liner substrate can be decreased.

[0068] Optionally, the aforementioned control method may further include: obtaining the wearing temperature of the flexible inner liner substrate; adjusting the shape memory alloy micro-drive array in response to the wearing temperature being greater than a first preset temperature to increase the gap distance between the head and the flexible inner liner substrate; and adjusting the first shape memory alloy wire in response to the wearing temperature being greater than a second preset temperature to open the through hole.

[0069] Specifically, the wearing temperature can be obtained through the temperature sensor of the flexible inner liner substrate. When the wearing temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, the temperature of the second shape memory alloy wire 102 (shape memory alloy micro-drive array 31) can be adjusted by the control component. The shape memory alloy micro-drive array 31 deforms, causing the flexible inner liner substrate to deform and increasing the distance between the flexible inner liner substrate and the head to increase the heat dissipation of the head.

[0070] Furthermore, when the wearing temperature is greater than the second preset temperature, the control element can control the first shape memory alloy wire 101 and the third shape memory alloy wire 103, so that the blade can open the through hole to increase the heat dissipation of the head.

[0071] It should be understood that, compared with the manual adjustment of ventilation holes in the prior art, the solution of this application can obtain the wearer's physiological state (such as head temperature and humidity) through sensors and dynamically adjust the heat dissipation.

[0072] Furthermore, this application uses a first shape memory alloy wire, a second shape memory alloy wire, and a third shape memory alloy wire to control the deformation of the flexible inner liner substrate and the opening of the through holes, so that head pressure distribution management and thermal comfort management can be managed in a coordinated manner through control elements, and the fit and heat dissipation performance of the helmet can be dynamically adjusted.

[0073] It should be understood that at least some aspects or features of the above-described implementation methods, embodiments, or examples can be appropriately combined.

[0074] It is understood that, in this application, when the number of parts or components is not specifically limited, the number can be one or more, where multiple refers to two or more. For cases where the number of parts or components shown in the drawings and / or described in the specification is, for example, two, three, four, etc., this specific number is generally exemplary and not restrictive, and can be understood as multiple, i.e., two or more; however, this does not mean that this application excludes the case of one.

[0075] It should be understood that the above-described embodiments, examples, or examples are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit this application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the above-described embodiments, examples, or examples under the teachings of this application without departing from the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A helmet based on an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system using shape memory alloy, characterized in that, The helmet includes: Helmet shell (10); Helmet inner shell (20) is disposed inside the helmet outer shell (10), the helmet inner shell (20) having an inner shell outer surface (201) configured to face the helmet outer shell (10) and an inner shell inner surface (202) configured to face away from the helmet outer shell (10). The helmet inner shell (20) is provided with a through hole (203), which connects the outer surface (201) of the inner shell and the inner surface (202) of the inner shell. The inner shell (20) of the helmet is provided with blades (21), which are driven by the first shape memory alloy wire (101) of the helmet to close or open the opening of the through hole (203); A flexible inner liner substrate (30) is disposed on the side of the helmet inner shell (20) opposite to the helmet outer shell (10), and the flexible inner liner substrate (30) is configured to directly engage with the wearer's head, wherein the flexible inner liner substrate (30) is provided with a shape memory alloy micro-drive array (31), the flexible inner liner substrate (30) is driven by the shape memory alloy micro-drive array (31) to change shape, wherein the shape memory alloy micro-drive array (31) is composed of a plurality of second shape memory alloy wires (102); The control element changes the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire (101) and the second shape memory alloy wire (102) so that the first shape memory alloy wire (101) and the second shape memory alloy wire (102) deform.

2. The helmet with an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of second shape memory alloy wires (102) are arranged in a mesh.

3. The helmet based on the shape memory alloy adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape memory alloy micro-drive array (31) is configured with a forehead array (301), a left temporal array (302), a right temporal array (303), an occipital array (304), and a neck array (305) to drive different parts of the flexible inner liner substrate (30) and correspond to the forehead, left temporal, right temporal, occipital, and neck of the wearer's head, respectively.

4. The helmet with an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The forehead array (301), the left temporal array (302), the right temporal array (303), the occipital array (304), and the neck array (305) are each independently controlled by the control element.

5. The helmet with an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The helmet inner shell (20) is provided with a pipe (22), and the first shape memory alloy wire (101) is disposed inside the pipe (22). One end of the first shape memory alloy wire (101) is connected to the helmet shell (10) or the helmet inner shell (20), and the other end of the first shape memory alloy wire (101) is connected to the blade (21). The first shape memory alloy wire (101) is driven by the control element to shorten or restore its length, thereby moving the blade (21) to open or close the opening of the through hole (203). The direction of movement of the blade (21) is parallel to the opening surface of the through hole (203).

6. The helmet with an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pipe (22) is provided with a fixing block (221) and a slider (222); wherein, A sliding groove (2211) is formed inside the fixed block (221). The slider (222) is disposed in the sliding groove (2211) and is able to move within the sliding groove (2211). One end of the slider (222) is connected to the first shape memory alloy wire (101), and the other end of the slider (222) is connected to the blade (21).

7. The helmet with an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that, The slider (222) is movable between a first position and a second position within the sliding groove (2211). When the first shape memory alloy wire (101) pulls the slider (222) to the first position, it causes the blade (21) to move away from the opening of the through hole (203), and the through hole (203) is in the open state. When the first shape memory alloy wire (101) is in the length recovery state, the slider (222) is in the second position, which drives the blade (21) to block the opening of the through hole (203), and the through hole (203) is in the closed state; The bottom of the sliding groove (2211) has a groove (2212), and a pin is disposed in the groove (2212). The opening direction of the groove (2212) is perpendicular to the movement direction of the slider (222). The bottom of the pin is connected to a third shape memory alloy wire, which can drive the pin to move in the opening direction of the groove (2212) to lock or release the slider (222).

8. The helmet with an adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that, A push rod (223) and a first spring (226) are provided inside the pipe (22); wherein, One end of the push rod (223) extends into the sliding groove (2211) and is connected to the slider (222), while the other end of the push rod (223) is connected to the blade (21). The first spring (226) is sleeved on the push rod (223), and the fixed end of the first spring (226) is connected to the side of the fixed block (221) facing the blade (21), and the moving end of the first spring (226) is connected to the push rod (223). When the slider (222) is in the first position, the first spring (226) is in a compressed state. When the first shape memory alloy wire (101) is in a length recovery state and the third shape memory alloy wire is in a contracted state, the first spring (226) is used to pull the slider (222) from the first position to the second position.

9. A control method for an adaptive bonding and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy, characterized in that, The helmet using the adaptive fitting and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the control method includes: Obtain the contact pressure between the wearer's head and the flexible inner liner substrate; Based on the contact pressure, the shape memory alloy micro-drive array is adjusted to change the gap distance between the head and the flexible inner liner substrate.

10. The control method for the adaptive bonding and heat dissipation system based on shape memory alloy according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control method includes: The wearing temperature of the flexible inner liner substrate is obtained; In response to the wearing temperature being greater than a first preset temperature, the shape memory alloy micro-drive array is adjusted to increase the gap distance between the head and the flexible inner liner substrate; In response to the wearing temperature being greater than the second preset temperature, the first shape memory alloy wire is adjusted to open the through hole.

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