A control system for improving combustion stability of a waste incineration boiler

Abstract

This application relates to the field of solid waste incineration and boiler automation control technology, and discloses a waste incineration boiler control system to improve combustion stability. The system includes signal acquisition and filtering, steady-state control, transient sensing, jet execution, and state reset modules. It decouples and adjusts steady-state operating parameters by calculating the relative index of bed resistance and oxygen consumption trend parameters; it calculates the transient disturbance index of the compensation pressure difference in parallel, determines the physical cracks in the bed material and locates their spatial coordinates by combining the phase of the grate mechanical stroke; then it freezes the main and secondary air dampers, opens the corresponding high-frequency electromagnetic fast valves, and uses the high-pressure gas output from the coaxial inner tube to draw in high-temperature secondary air, forming a mixed airflow above the cracks for on-site combustion of volatiles; finally, it performs a disturbance-free lockout reset when the pressure difference and resistance recover. This invention avoids cold quenching and furnace negative pressure fluctuations through coaxial ejection, effectively suppressing transient carbon monoxide peaks and improving the stability of boiler combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste incineration and boiler automation control technology, specifically a waste incineration boiler control system that improves combustion stability. Background Technology

[0002] Waste-to-energy incineration is currently the main way to reduce and recycle urban solid waste. In the actual operation of incineration boilers, maintaining the combustion stability inside the furnace is the core link to ensure equipment safety and economic benefits. Due to the complex composition of municipal solid waste, the calorific value and moisture content after entering the furnace exhibit irregular fluctuations, which puts forward high requirements for the dynamic response capability of the combustion control system of incineration boilers.

[0003] Existing waste incineration boilers mostly adopt conventional cascade control strategies based on thermal parameter feedback. These systems typically set the main steam flow or furnace top temperature as the core controlled variables. When the sensor detects that the heat load index is lower than the set value, the distributed control system will synchronously increase the grate operating speed and the total air supply of the primary and secondary air fans according to a fixed coupling ratio. In terms of spatial air supply configuration, existing equipment generally supplies air to the area above the furnace through large-diameter primary and secondary air ducts, and relies on conventional electric regulating dampers installed on the air ducts to increase or decrease the air volume.

[0004] However, existing control methods suffer from significant time lag in the heat conversion process of waste during actual operation. Relying on reactive, passive adjustments to the main steam flow makes it difficult to decouple airflow from material flow. Blindly increasing airflow during deteriorating conditions can easily extinguish the flame and cause system oscillations. Secondly, high-moisture waste tends to form a dense, caking layer on the grate. When the hydraulic grate pushes the material forward, mechanical shearing forces directly tear the layer, creating penetrating physical fissures. The detection by the tail flue gas sensors has a physical delay of tens of seconds, and the system lacks early detection methods for sudden changes in the microscopic state of the material layer, leading to frequent transient loss of control over carbon monoxide concentration. Therefore, this invention provides a waste incineration boiler control system to improve combustion stability and address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a waste incineration boiler control system that improves combustion stability. It solves the problem that existing waste incineration boiler control systems often rely on hysteretic feedback control based on furnace temperature or main steam flow, making it difficult to effectively cope with changes in the physical structure of the feed bed caused by fluctuations in waste composition and moisture content. During the hydraulic grate feeding process, the densely packed waste feed bed is prone to physical tearing and the formation of local through-cracks. This causes a large amount of unburned volatile matter to escape instantaneously along the cracks, resulting in localized peak carbon monoxide concentrations. Conventional large-diameter secondary air electric dampers, due to their inherently slow mechanical action, are unable to effectively suppress these millisecond-level transient physical blow-through events in a timely manner.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a waste incineration boiler control system for improving combustion stability, comprising:

[0007] The signal acquisition and filtering module is used to synchronously acquire multi-source physical signals of the boiler according to a set period and perform noise reduction processing, and output the filtered effective physical quantity.

[0008] The steady-state control module receives the filtered effective physical quantities, calculates the relative index of the material bed resistance and the oxygen consumption trend parameters, and outputs decoupled control commands based on the relationship between the two to adjust the steady-state operating parameters of the boiler.

[0009] The transient sensing module is used to calculate the compensation pressure transient disturbance index in parallel to eliminate the interference of flow change. It combines the mechanical stroke phase of the grate and multiple preset triggering conditions to determine the physical cracks in the material layer and locate the corresponding spatial crack coordinates.

[0010] The jet execution module is used to receive the coordinates of the spatial fissure, send instructions to the steady-state control module to freeze the operating state of the main and secondary air electric dampers, and open the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve corresponding to the coordinates of the spatial fissure. The high-pressure gas output from the coaxial inner tube preset inside the main and secondary air nozzles is used to draw the high-temperature secondary air in the pipeline and form a mixed airflow above the fissure.

[0011] The status reset module is used to monitor the differential pressure feedback parameters of the material layer. After the preset recovery conditions are met and the timer reaches the set dwell time, it closes the high-frequency electromagnetic valve and releases the frozen state of the main and secondary air electric dampers.

[0012] Furthermore, the steady-state control module is specifically used to: calculate the relative index of the material bed resistance using the filtered primary air chamber static pressure, primary air volume, and furnace negative pressure; and calculate the time derivative within a long sliding window using the filtered flue gas oxygen content to obtain the oxygen consumption trend parameter; perform a two-dimensional logical judgment on the rate of change of the relative index of the material bed resistance and the current value of the oxygen consumption trend parameter. When the rate of change of the relative index of the material bed resistance is greater than a first preset threshold and the oxygen consumption trend parameter is less than a second preset threshold, an instruction is output to independently increase the grate operating speed and primary air fan frequency converter frequency of the corresponding section; when the rate of change of the relative index of the material bed resistance is less than a third preset threshold and the oxygen consumption trend parameter is greater than a fourth preset threshold, an instruction is output to decrease the primary air fan frequency converter frequency and grate operating speed of the corresponding section, and simultaneously increase the opening of the main and secondary air electric dampers. The system thereby evaluates the physical density and overall oxygen consumption rate of the waste material bed online at a macroscopic level, achieving decoupled control of fuel delivery and bottom air supply, and maintaining a balanced output of boiler basic heat.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transient sensing module is specifically used to: calculate the compensation pressure difference using the filtered primary air chamber static pressure and furnace negative pressure; based on the compensation pressure difference, a pre-calibrated air chamber flow-pressure difference sensitivity coefficient is further introduced, and the weighted difference between the time derivative of the compensation pressure difference and the time derivative of the air flow is calculated to obtain the compensation pressure difference transient disturbance index, which eliminates the interference of flow rate changes. This calculation structure can isolate the false pressure changes caused by furnace negative pressure fluctuations and active fan adjustments, and extract the physical characteristic signals purely caused by the collapse of the material layer structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the transient sensing module includes multiple triggering conditions: a mechanical stroke phase condition, used to determine that the instantaneous speed of the grate is greater than the set effective lower limit of the propulsion speed, ensuring that the grate is in the forward pushing stroke; a pressure difference negative change dwell condition, used to determine that the compensation pressure difference transient disturbance index is less than the set negative judgment threshold, and dwells continuously for a preset number of sampling periods; an actuator action exclusion condition, used to determine that the action time interval of the nearest primary fan or main and secondary air damper is greater than the set exclusive action dead zone time; and an energy anti-dry release condition, used to determine that the internal absolute pressure of the high-pressure energy storage tank is greater than the set minimum bottom line pressure to ensure the penetration force of the jet. The cascade limitation of multidimensional Boolean logic conditions eliminates the hidden dangers of false triggering caused by single signal anomalies and pipeline fluid surge, ensuring that the judgment result strictly points to the physical tearing event of the material layer.

[0015] Preferably, when the jet execution module freezes the operating state of the main and secondary air electric dampers, it specifically performs the following: forcibly cutting off the dynamic adjustment command loop output from the steady-state control module to the main and secondary air electric dampers; and locking the output target value of the main and secondary air electric dampers to the actual opening feedback value at the moment the physical crack event is triggered, maintaining the opening state until the unfreezing command sent by the state reset module is received. This operation blocks the lag in the macroscopic air supply system's response, preventing local transient suppression actions from interfering with or disrupting the overall furnace negative pressure balance system.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the jet execution module further includes a coaxial ejector mechanism, which specifically includes: a coaxial inner tube installed at the center of a conventional main and secondary air nozzle; the external pipeline of the coaxial inner tube is connected to a high-pressure energy storage gas tank through a high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve; an outer annular flow channel for low-pressure hot secondary air to circulate is formed between the coaxial inner tube and the pipe wall of the main and secondary air nozzle.

[0017] Furthermore, when the jet execution module uses the high-pressure gas output from the coaxial inner tube to draw in the high-temperature secondary air in the pipeline to form a mixed airflow jet, it is specifically used to: cause the high-pressure gas to expand and accelerate from the outlet end of the coaxial inner tube, forming a high-speed central airflow; utilize the high-speed central airflow to generate a local negative pressure zone around the end of the coaxial inner tube based on the Venturi effect, and the local negative pressure zone draws in the high-temperature secondary air in the outer annular flow channel; cause a small amount of high-pressure gas and a large amount of drawn high-temperature secondary air to exchange momentum at the nozzle outlet, converging to form a mixed airflow jet with high penetration momentum and high turbulence intensity. Based on the Venturi ejection principle, the system uses a small amount of room-temperature high-pressure gas as the driving source and draws in a large amount of low-pressure high-temperature secondary air as the combustion medium. While solving the problem of insufficient penetration depth of traditional secondary air, it avoids the risk of volatile matter quenching failure caused by direct injection of high-pressure cold air.

[0018] Preferably, the recovery conditions of the state reset module include: the transient disturbance index of the compensation pressure difference is greater than or equal to the preset positive dead zone threshold of the disturbance index; and the relative index of the material layer resistance is greater than or equal to the difference between the baseline characteristic value of the material layer resistance recorded before the blow-through event and the set baseline tolerance parameter. The system objectively evaluates the physical state of the physical cracks being healed by the compaction of newly fed waste by reading back the above dynamic parameters characterizing the permeability and pressure change rate of the material layer online.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the state reset module is further configured to: when the freeze state of the main and secondary air electric dampers is released, set the initial reference value of the target output of the steady-state control module to the actual feedback opening of the current main and secondary air electric dampers to perform a disturbance-free switching; after closing the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve, activate the secondary triggering interlocking protection mechanism for the hardware of the physical area corresponding to the spatial crack coordinates, and shield and intercept all new transient triggering signal commands generated in the physical area within the set interlocking duration. The disturbance-free switching and interlocking protection mechanism eliminates the jump in execution commands during the handover of control authority, and prevents the execution hardware from experiencing high-frequency start-stop oscillations due to the instability and loosening of the local material layer.

[0020] Furthermore, when the jet execution module opens the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve corresponding to the coordinate of the spatial fissure, it is also used to: when the coordinate of the spatial fissure is located in a certain side area of ​​the main combustion section, simultaneously open the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve located in the area on the front wall of the furnace and the area on the opposite side of the rear wall of the furnace; and form a local shear mixing zone in the space above the fissure through two mixed gas streams arranged alternately on the front and rear walls, so as to enhance the entrainment and mixing of the escaping volatile gas column.

[0021] This invention provides a waste incineration boiler control system to improve combustion stability. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This invention constructs a steady-state decoupled control logic independent of boiler thermal response lag by simultaneously calculating the relative index of bed resistance and oxygen consumption trend parameters. Compared with the traditional passive feedback method that relies solely on main steam flow or furnace temperature, this mechanism can independently adjust the grate operating speed and primary air volume in advance when the moisture content and composition of the waste entering the furnace change, before causing overall heat fluctuations. This effectively eliminates the response lag problem of traditional control systems and maintains a stable output of the boiler's macroscopic heat load and basic steam production.

[0023] 2. This invention introduces a phase-locked sensing mechanism based on the transient disturbance index of the compensation pressure difference and the phase of the mechanical stroke of the grate. It can capture physical cracks in the material layer caused by hydraulic pushing. By introducing a sensitivity coefficient to eliminate false interference caused by furnace negative pressure fluctuations and active fan adjustment, and by connecting multiple anti-maloperation exclusion conditions in series, the control system can accurately locate occasional local blow-through events in three-dimensional space, thereby enabling early detection of the concentrated escape of unburned volatiles and reducing the peak value of carbon monoxide in the tail flue gas and its high-value duration.

[0024] 3. This invention employs a dual-state pneumatic architecture including a coaxial inner tube to perform transient suppression. It utilizes the Venturi ejection effect of a small amount of high-pressure gas to draw in a large volume of high-temperature secondary air, forming a high-momentum mixed airflow jet. This jet directly ignites the locally escaping volatile gas column in situ. Combined with the freezing of adjustment permissions for the steady-state secondary air electric damper during execution, this overcomes the physical defects of conventional large-diameter electric dampers, such as slow mechanical response and insufficient penetration depth of low-pressure jets. It also avoids the risk of localized quenching caused by direct injection of cold, high-pressure air, ensuring the stability of the entire furnace's negative pressure flow field while achieving targeted interception. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method steps of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the boiler multi-source signal acquisition and processing method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the steady-state control decoupling logic of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is the transient physical gap phase-locked sensing logic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial pneumatic jet execution principle of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is the timing diagram of the multi-dimensional state hysteresis response bit logic of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a comparison diagram of the transient response under the material layer blow-through disturbance of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, 10 is the signal acquisition and filtering module; 20 is the steady-state control module; 30 is the transient sensing module; 40 is the jet execution module; and 50 is the state reset module. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See attached document Figure 1The present invention provides a waste incineration boiler control system for improving combustion stability, which may include: a signal acquisition and filtering module 10, a steady-state control module 20, a transient sensing module 30, a jet execution module 40, and a state reset module 50.

[0036] The signal acquisition and filtering module 10 connects to the primary air chamber pressure transmitter, air volume meter, furnace negative pressure transmitter, grate hydraulic displacement sensor, and flue gas oxygen analyzer on site. The signal acquisition and filtering module 10 synchronously acquires pneumatic, mechanical, and chemical signals according to a set cycle, applies a first-order inertial low-pass filtering algorithm to reduce noise in the continuously sampled analog signals, and outputs the filtered physical quantities to the next-level module.

[0037] The steady-state control module 20 receives the physical quantities output by the signal acquisition and filtering module 10, calculates the relative index of the material bed resistance using the static pressure of the primary air chamber, the primary air volume, and the negative pressure of the furnace, and extracts the time derivative of the oxygen content in the flue gas as the oxygen consumption trend parameter. Based on the relationship between the relative index of the material bed resistance and the oxygen consumption trend parameter, the steady-state control module 20 outputs control commands to adjust the frequency of the primary air fan inverter, the grate running speed, and the opening degree of the main and secondary air electric dampers.

[0038] The transient sensing module 30 performs monitoring tasks in the background while the steady-state control module 20 is running. It calculates the compensation pressure difference transient disturbance index, which eliminates interference from flow rate changes, using the static pressure of the primary air chamber and the negative pressure of the furnace, and extracts the mechanical stroke phase of the grate. When the transient sensing module 30 determines that the grate is in the pushing stroke and the compensation pressure difference transient disturbance index is lower than the set threshold, it determines that a physical crack has been generated in the material layer and locates the corresponding spatial crack coordinates, based on the exclusion conditions of the fan and baffle actions.

[0039] The jet execution module 40 receives the spatial fracture coordinates located by the transient sensing module 30, sends a control command to the steady-state control module 20 to freeze the current operating state of the main and secondary air electric dampers, and opens the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve at the corresponding position of the fracture. The high-pressure gas output from the energy storage gas bag enters the coaxial inner tube preset inside the main and secondary air nozzles. The jet execution module 40 uses the negative pressure zone at the end formed by the central high-speed airflow to draw in the high-temperature secondary air in the pipe and outputs a mixed airflow jet above the fracture.

[0040] The state reset module 50 monitors the material layer differential pressure feedback parameters during the operation of the jet execution module 40. When the state reset module 50 determines that the transient disturbance index of the compensation differential pressure reaches the positive set dead zone and the relative index of the material layer resistance recovers to the baseline tolerance range before triggering, the state reset module 50 activates the internal timing unit. After the timing meets the set dwell time, the state reset module 50 closes the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve and simultaneously releases the freeze state of the main and secondary air electric dampers by the steady-state control module 20.

[0041] See attached document Figure 2This invention provides a control method for waste incineration boilers to improve combustion stability, comprising the following steps:

[0042] S10 synchronously acquires boiler pneumatic, mechanical and chemical signals, and applies a first-order inertial low-pass filtering algorithm to denoise the continuously sampled analog signals.

[0043] S20 calculates the relative index of material bed resistance and oxygen consumption trend parameters based on the static pressure of the primary air chamber, the primary air volume, the negative pressure of the furnace and the oxygen content of the flue gas, and outputs control commands to adjust the steady-state operating parameters based on their changing relationship.

[0044] S30, calculate the compensation pressure difference transient disturbance index to eliminate flow change interference and extract the mechanical stroke phase of the grate, determine the physical crack in the material layer when the triggering condition is met and locate the spatial crack coordinates;

[0045] S40, freeze the operation status of the main and secondary air electric dampers, open the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve at the corresponding position of the crack, and use the high-pressure gas output from the coaxial inner tube to draw in the high-temperature secondary air to form a mixed airflow stream and output it to the top of the crack.

[0046] S50 monitors the differential pressure feedback parameters of the material layer. After the recovery conditions are met and the set dwell time is reached, the high-frequency electromagnetic valve is closed and the freezing state of the main and secondary air electric dampers is released.

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0048] See attached document Figure 3 When executing step S10, the signal acquisition and filtering module 10 obtains basic operating parameters characterizing the physical process of waste incineration by transmitting low-level data with the on-site sensing hardware, thereby providing noise-reduced data support for the subsequent logical judgment of the system.

[0049] Specifically, the signal acquisition and filtering module 10 sets the interrupt scan period for executing control logic in the distributed control system, and defines the scan period as the discrete sampling step size. Furthermore, the sampling frequency is specifically set within the range of 50 to 100 milliseconds to ensure that the system can accurately capture the transient aerodynamic characteristics of changes in material layer resistance at this sampling frequency. At each discrete time step... Inside, the signal acquisition and filtering module 10 synchronously acquires multi-dimensional analog signals reflecting the boiler combustion state. The acquired signals specifically include aerodynamic state variables, mechanical dynamic variables, macroscopic chemical variables, and boundary constraint variables.

[0050] In the process of acquiring the above variables, the signal acquisition and filtering module 10 acquires the first variable through the pressure transmitter and air volume meter installed on the primary air duct and furnace wall. Static pressure observation value of each primary air chamber , No. Airflow observation values ​​of each primary air chamber and the observed negative pressure at the top of the furnace The stroke displacement of the i-th grate hydraulic cylinder is read by a linear variable differential transformer displacement sensor mounted on the hydraulic actuator. Simultaneously, the oxygen content of the flue gas in the boiler tail flue was obtained using a zirconia analyzer. The internal absolute pressure of the high-pressure energy storage tank is obtained using a pressure transmitter. And obtain the first by means of valve positioner The opening feedback value of a conventional secondary air electric damper The data transmission methods, such as hard-wired connections or fieldbus communication between transmitters and sensors and the distributed control system, can be conventionally configured by those skilled in the art according to actual working conditions. The underlying hardware interface configuration is a well-known technology in this field and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] Given that airflow pulsations caused by the rotation of wind turbine blades and electromagnetic interference from the surrounding environment can lead to high-frequency noise components in the original acquired analog signals, and that the differential operations involved in capturing transient characteristics based on the rate of pressure change are extremely sensitive to high-frequency noise, directly performing differential calculations on the unprocessed discrete signals could easily result in severe signal amplification, leading to numerical overflow or system malfunctions. Therefore, the signal acquisition and filtering module 10 applies a first-order inertial low-pass filtering algorithm in parallel to denoise each of the continuously sampled analog signals during its internal operation cycle, using a general variable... For example, the specific calculation model of this filtering algorithm is as follows:

[0052] ;

[0053] In the formula, For the current time step The calculated effective value of the filtered output. The current time step represents the original discrete sampled value read by the field device. The filtered output value calculated and saved from the previous time step, The system is set to meet the requirements. The filtering coefficients. To ensure the completeness of the filtering algorithm during the initial system operation, the initial time step after system power-on is set. When the initial value of the filter is directly equal to the actual sampled value at that time, that is, when the filter is satisfied... Meanwhile, the above filtering coefficients The value of is related to the system's sampling rate and the sensor's response characteristics, specifically through the formula... To determine, among which The filter time constant is set for the corresponding loop, thereby achieving an engineering calibration that balances smoothness and response speed.

[0054] The signal acquisition and filtering module 10 applies the above-mentioned first-order inertial low-pass filtering algorithm traversally. , , , , , and There are seven types of variables in total, which complete the transformation of the original sampled values ​​into effective physical quantities after filtering. This ensures that the calculation input quantities called by the system when performing subsequent steady-state adjustment and transient sensing logic judgment strictly point to the corresponding effective values ​​after filtering.

[0055] See attached document Figure 4 After acquiring the filtered multi-source physical signals, the steady-state control module 20 calculates the macroscopic steady-state characteristic parameters and regulates the operating state. Considering that fluctuations in the moisture content and composition of the waste fed into the furnace directly alter the physical density and permeability of the waste layer above the grate, the steady-state control module 20 treats this waste layer as a non-uniform porous medium and utilizes the resistance characteristics in fluid mechanics to characterize the physical state of the layer, thereby calculating the corresponding... The relative index of the material layer resistance in each primary air chamber The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0056] ;

[0057] In the formula, This is the relative index of the material layer resistance calculated at the current time step. The filtered first Static pressure in a primary air chamber The filtered negative pressure at the top of the furnace, The filtered first Airflow rate of each primary air chamber This is a minimal positive constant set to avoid calculation dead zone errors where the denominator is zero when the primary air volume is extremely low or the fan is shut down. By constructing this calculation model, the system extracts a relative variable that objectively reflects the true gas penetration resistance of the waste material layer after eliminating the fundamental influence of the air volume variation on the chamber pressure.

[0058] Based on the macroscopic manifestations of the chemical reaction, the steady-state control module 20 further extracts the trend of flue gas oxygen content changes to assess the macroscopic oxygen consumption rate of the entire furnace. Simultaneously, to address the lag in combustion chemical reactions and the unevenness of local flue gas mixing, the steady-state control module 20 introduces a long sliding window to filter out short-term fluctuations and obtains oxygen consumption trend parameters by calculating the time derivative of oxygen content. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0059] ;

[0060] In the formula, For oxygen consumption trend parameters, This represents the oxygen content of the flue gas after filtering at the current time step. The oxygen content of the flue gas after filtering at the start time of the sliding window. The number of sliding window steps is set within a time span of 1 to 5 minutes based on the macroscopic thermodynamic response time of the matching boiler. This represents the discrete sampling step size.

[0061] The steady-state control module 20 establishes a two-dimensional logic matrix based on the relative index of the bed resistance and the oxygen consumption trend parameter, thereby changing the coupling mode of simultaneous increase and decrease of fuel and air in traditional control to output decoupled control commands. In the specific logic judgment process, the steady-state control module 20 pre-sets a threshold for the rate of change of the resistance benchmark. oxygen consumption dead zone range Furthermore, both of the above calibration constants are greater than zero, and thus, through comparison... The average rate of change relative to historical cycles and combined with The current value is used to perform hierarchical decoupling control.

[0062] If the steady-state control module 20 determines... The rate of change is greater than and Less than This indicates that the high moisture content of the waste entering the furnace causes water evaporation and heat absorption, resulting in a denser material bed, delayed ignition, and a decrease in the overall oxygen consumption rate. At this time, the steady-state control module 20 outputs control commands to independently increase the grate running speed setting value of the corresponding section to enhance the mechanical stirring effect, and at the same time increases the frequency of the primary air fan inverter to increase the bottom drying air volume, thereby promoting the separation of water in the material bed.

[0063] If the steady-state control module 20 determines... The rate of change is less than and Greater than This indicates that the current area has entered the low moisture or high calorific value waste combustion stage. At this time, the permeability of the material layer increases and a large amount of volatile matter is released, resulting in a sharp increase in the oxygen consumption rate. The steady-state control module 20 outputs corresponding control commands accordingly, suppressing the combustion intensity at the bottom of the material layer by appropriately reducing the frequency of the primary air fan inverter in the corresponding section, and reducing the grate running speed to increase the local material layer thickness. At the same time, the opening of the main and secondary air electric dampers is simultaneously increased to supplement the oxygen for the combustion of volatile matter in the space above the furnace.

[0064] If the steady-state control module 20 determines... The rate of change is at range or In The range indicates that the current physical state of the material layer and the combustion rate are in a set equilibrium condition. The steady-state control module 20 will maintain the current primary air fan inverter frequency, grate operating speed, and main and secondary air electric damper opening unchanged, thereby avoiding regulation oscillations caused by slight disturbances in the control system. In addition, the underlying drive logic of the distributed control system outputting specific analog or digital control signals to the primary air fan inverter, grate hydraulic proportional valve, and main and secondary air electric damper actuators can be configured by those skilled in the art based on the selected industrial controller hardware platform using conventional function block configuration. The related underlying communication drive and closed-loop follow control are well-known technologies in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0065] See attached document Figure 5 The transient sensing module 30 performs high-frequency calculations in parallel in the background of the steady-state control module 20 to capture the instantaneous collapse of the microscopic physical state inside the material layer. Considering that during the physical process of waste incineration, the mechanical thrust of the hydraulic grate acts on the compacted and dense waste material layer, it is easy to cause the material layer to be physically torn by mechanical force in some areas, forming physical cracks that penetrate the material layer. Once these local cracks are formed, they will cause the primary air to blow through the material layer along the crack channel with the least resistance, thereby causing unburned volatiles to escape with the airflow and forming a local peak in carbon monoxide concentration.

[0066] To accurately capture the aforementioned blow-through event, the transient sensing module 30 first needs to eliminate the interference of external system pressure fluctuations on the local air chamber pressure. Given that the adjustment of the boiler induced draft fan causes negative pressure fluctuations at the top of the furnace and transmits false pressure disturbances to the bottom primary air chamber, the transient sensing module 30 calculates the compensation pressure difference at each time step. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0067] ;

[0068] In the formula, For the first The compensation pressure difference of each primary air chamber, The filtered first Static pressure in a primary air chamber This represents the filtered negative pressure at the top of the furnace. To eliminate negative pressure fluctuation interference, and considering that frequency adjustments of the primary air fan or the operation of the pipeline dampers can also cause changes in airflow through the material bed and consequently alter the differential pressure, the transient sensing module 30 further introduces a flow-differential pressure sensitivity coefficient to calculate the compensation differential transient disturbance index for actively regulating the stripped airflow. The formula for calculating this index is:

[0069] ;

[0070] In the formula, The transient disturbance index is... For the current time step No. The compensation pressure difference of each primary air chamber For the previous time step No. The compensation pressure difference of each primary air chamber, To identify the calibrated chamber flow-pressure difference sensitivity coefficient in advance using the least squares method based on historical operating data, The filtered first Airflow rate of each primary air chamber For the previous time step The filtered first Airflow rate of each primary air chamber This is the discrete sampling step size. By executing this calculation logic, the transient sensing module 30 can accurately extract the independent pressure changes caused by the collapse of the material layer's own structure.

[0071] To prevent false triggering of logic due to signal noise, the transient sensing module 30 establishes a local rift machine-airlock phase determination logic, which is achieved by connecting the mechanical stroke phase condition in series. Negative pressure change residence conditions Exclusive conditions for actuator action and energy anti-air release conditions These four Boolean logic conditions are used to construct the event trigger flag. The logical decision expression is as follows:

[0072] ;

[0073] Regarding the Boolean logic conditions in the above logical judgment expression, considering that physical cracks are mostly generated during mechanical feeding, the transient sensing module 30 calculates the instantaneous speed of the grate through differential calculation of displacement sensor data. , For the current time step No. The instantaneous velocity of the grate section For the current time step No. The stroke displacement of the hydraulic cylinder of the grate section. For the previous time step No. The stroke displacement of the grate hydraulic cylinder, and the instantaneous speed must be greater than the set lower limit of the effective propulsion speed. When the current grate is determined to be in the forward pushing stroke, the above-mentioned mechanical stroke phase condition is applied. Satisfied. Given that the compensation pressure differential will drop significantly when the material layer is blown through, the transient sensing module 30 monitors the transient disturbance index in real time. When the index is less than the set negative judgment threshold And this state remains continuously The above negative pressure difference abrupt change residence condition during each sampling period This is satisfied; in this specific implementation process, the negative judgment threshold is... It can be set to a fixed constant or based on the current boiler operating load and primary air reference flow rate. The accuracy of judgment under different load conditions is improved by dynamically and adaptively selecting values ​​through a preset empirical mapping curve.

[0074] The transient sensing module 30 monitors the historical action command records of the primary air fan inverter and the steady-state main and secondary air dampers, and extracts the action time interval closest to the current time. When this time interval is greater than the exclusive action dead zone time set to eliminate the interference of pipeline fluid surge during the initial stage of mechanical action, The above actuator action exclusive condition The requirements are met. Furthermore, the transient sensing module 30 extracts the internal absolute pressure of the high-pressure energy storage tank. When this pressure exceeds the minimum baseline pressure set to ensure jet penetration... The above-mentioned energy air defense conditions The event is triggered when all four conditions are met simultaneously. When the value equals 1, the transient sensing module 30 finally confirms that a physical blow-through event has occurred.

[0075] After confirming the occurrence of a physical blow-through event, the transient sensing module 30 immediately performs a three-dimensional spatial crack coordinate mapping. Specifically, it extracts the hardware channel label of the signal that currently meets the triggering conditions to obtain the corresponding longitudinal and transverse physical numbers of that channel, and calls the pre-set boiler three-dimensional spatial mapping table inside the controller to map the extracted two-dimensional numbers to specific three-dimensional area grid nodes above the furnace combustion zone. The aforementioned boiler three-dimensional spatial mapping table is a data mapping structure formed by those skilled in the art based on the boiler furnace structure drawings, the transverse and longitudinal physical distribution of the air chamber, and the corresponding secondary air nozzle arrangement positions, which pre-discrete the furnace space into a three-dimensional grid and configure it offline in the control system. The transient sensing module 30 uses this to generate a crack coordinate instruction data packet containing spatial location information and a trigger timestamp and transmits it to the next-level execution module.

[0076] See attached document Figure 6 After receiving the data packet containing the coordinates of the spatial fissure transmitted by the transient sensing module 30, the jet execution module 40 immediately calls the aerodynamic hardware to perform transient suppression and targeted combustion operations.

[0077] When the system confirms the occurrence of a physical blow-through event, to prevent the local transient suppression operation from disrupting the overall macroscopic flow field of the furnace, the jet execution module 40 sends a permission freeze command to the steady-state control module 20 to forcibly cut off the dynamic adjustment loop for the main and secondary air electric dampers, freezing the operating state of the main and secondary air electric dampers and maintaining them at the opening feedback value at the trigger moment. The system remains unchanged. By implementing this steady-state system permission freeze operation, the system effectively avoids sudden changes in total air volume caused by the mechanical action lag after receiving fluctuation signals from conventional large-diameter dampers, thereby preventing local operation from interfering with the stability of the negative pressure balance of the entire furnace.

[0078] During the execution cycle of the permission freeze command, the jet execution module 40 matches the coaxial ejector actuator located at the corresponding furnace wall position in the system's configured equipment mapping library based on the obtained three-dimensional spatial fissure coordinates. The coaxial ejector actuator used in this invention is a dual-state pneumatic architecture and includes a coaxial inner tube installed at the center of a conventional main and secondary air nozzle. In this physical structure, an outer annular flow channel for low-pressure hot secondary air circulation is formed between the coaxial inner tube and the pipe wall of the main and secondary air nozzle. At the same time, the external pipeline of the coaxial inner tube is connected to the high-pressure energy storage gas tank, and a high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve for controlling the flow path opening and closing is installed on the pipeline.

[0079] After the matching and positioning are completed, the jet execution module 40 sends discrete electrical pulse commands to the corresponding high-frequency solenoid valve. To drive the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve to open the gas source in the high-pressure gas tank, wherein the aforementioned pulse command With set pulse width and time The pulse width time is configured based on the volume of the energy storage gas tank and the flow coefficient of the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve, aiming to precisely control the high-pressure gas consumption of a single jet. As for the specific structural selection of the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve and its digital output wiring and driving method with the controller, those skilled in the art can make conventional selections based on the on-site gas pressure level. Its underlying configuration is well-known technology in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0080] After the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve is turned on, high-pressure gas enters the coaxial inner tube along the pipeline and expands and accelerates at the outlet end of the coaxial inner tube due to the constraint of the pipe diameter and the pressure difference, thus forming an outflow velocity defined as The high-speed central airflow. According to the Venturi effect in fluid mechanics, the rapid increase in the kinetic energy of this high-speed central airflow will lead to a corresponding decrease in static pressure and the generation of a local negative pressure zone around the end of the coaxial inner tube. This local negative pressure zone will then exert a significant suction effect on the space of the main and secondary air ducts around the coaxial inner tube, forcibly drawing in the low-pressure hot secondary air remaining in the outer annular gap channel and accelerating the fluid.

[0081] Under the aforementioned coaxial ejector combustion mechanism, a small amount of high-pressure gas and a large amount of high-temperature secondary air are strongly exchanged and converge at the nozzle outlet to form a highly turbulent mixed gas stream, which is output to the furnace. This mixed gas stream, relying on the large penetrating momentum provided by the central airflow, overcomes the obstruction of the rising hot airflow inside the furnace and is directed to the area directly above the spatial fissure coordinates. At this time, the mixed gas stream uses its carried heat energy and oxygen to generate fluid shearing in the space above the fissure to entrain the unburned volatile gas column escaping from the physical fissure. In this high-intensity momentum transfer and mixing disturbance field, the unburned volatile gas and hot oxygen are fully mixed and contacted and undergo an oxidation reaction, thereby achieving in-situ combustion of the volatile gas in space. The entire process completely blocks the path of the local high-concentration volatiles escaping from the convective heating surface and the tail flue.

[0082] See attached document Figure 7 During the period when the jet execution module 40 outputs the mixed gas flow, the state reset module 50 is responsible for managing the smooth transition from transient control to steady-state control and for hardware interlocking protection. Considering that the newly pushed waste into the furnace during the jet output period will partially collapse due to its own gravity and gradually fill the physical cracks generated above the grate, the state reset module 50 continuously reads the analog data collected by the field equipment using the interrupt cycle set in the background, and synchronously executes the compensation pressure differential transient disturbance index. Relative index to material layer resistance The calculation and data update are performed so that the healing status of physical cracks can be evaluated online by extracting the two dynamic parameters that characterize the permeability of the material layer and the rate of change of aerodynamic pressure in real time.

[0083] To prevent high-frequency switching oscillations in the control system between transient suppression and steady-state regulation caused by slight pressure fluctuations, the state reset module 50 is equipped with multi-dimensional state hysteresis return position determination logic, including positive dead zone and reference tolerance. The state reset module 50 compares the current parameters with preset threshold conditions in real time; when the compensation pressure differential transient disturbance index meets the threshold... And the material layer resistance relative index meets At that time, the status reset module 50 determines that the system has reached the initial recovery state.

[0084] Among the above judgment conditions, The system's preset perturbation index positive dead zone threshold, This refers to the baseline characteristic value of the material layer resistance extracted and recorded by the system before the current blow-through event is triggered, specifically the average value of the relative index of the material layer resistance during a stable operating window period before the event is triggered. The baseline tolerance parameters are obtained after the resistance margin is calibrated through on-site hot-state commissioning. When both the disturbance index and the material layer resistance conditions are met simultaneously, the state reset module 50 triggers the internal timing unit to start accumulating time. If either of the above conditions is no longer met within the timing period, the internal timing unit automatically resets to zero and starts monitoring again, waiting to be triggered. When the accumulated continuous duration of the internal timing unit reaches the set dwell time... At that time, the state reset module 50 finally confirmed that the physical cracks in the material layer had been stably compacted and healed.

[0085] After confirming system stability, the state reset module 50 performs a system control authority reset operation. It sends a reset signal to the jet execution module 40 to cancel the electrical pulse command acting on the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve, cutting off the air passage between the high-pressure energy storage gas tank and the coaxial inner tube, thereby stopping the high-speed airflow injection. Simultaneously, the state reset module 50 releases the jet execution module 40's restriction on the maintenance of the main and secondary air electric dampers' state, restoring the steady-state control module 20's dynamic adjustment authority over the main and secondary air electric dampers in this area, allowing the thermal control of the incinerator boiler to be again dominated by macroscopic steady-state operating parameters. At the time of authority restoration and handover, the steady-state control module 20 uses the current actual feedback opening of the main and secondary air electric dampers as the initial reference value for the target output to perform a disturbance-free switch, thereby avoiding airflow surge caused by abrupt changes in execution commands.

[0086] Upon completion of the system reset operation, to prevent frequent start-stop cycles due to instability or loosening of the local material layer, the state reset module 50 immediately activates a secondary trigger interlocking protection mechanism for the corresponding hardware area. The state reset module 50 activates its internal interlocking countdown unit and, after a set interlocking duration... The system forcibly shields and intercepts all new transient triggering signal commands generated within the spatial area. The lockout duration is set based on the mechanical fatigue characteristics of the solenoid valve and the time it takes for the grate to complete one feeding cycle. After the lockout countdown ends, the transient phase-locked loop monitoring and judgment authority for this physical area is automatically restored, thus completing the closed-loop control cycle for a single physical crack event.

[0087] This embodiment uses a mechanical reciprocating grate waste incineration boiler with a rated processing capacity of 500 t / d as the application object. The boiler includes a drying section, a main combustion section, and a burnout section grate. Multiple primary air chambers are set below the main combustion section, and each primary air chamber is equipped with pressure measuring points and air volume measuring points. Left, middle, and right zoned secondary air nozzles are set on the front wall and rear wall of the furnace, respectively. A coaxial inner tube is set inside the conventional secondary air nozzle, and the coaxial inner tube is connected to the high-pressure energy storage gas tank through a high-frequency electromagnetic quick valve.

[0088] In this embodiment, the control system is deployed within the existing distributed control system of the incineration plant. The signal acquisition and filtering module 10 reads the static pressure of the primary air chamber in the main combustion section, the primary air volume, the furnace negative pressure, the displacement of the grate hydraulic cylinder, the oxygen content of the flue gas, the feedback opening of the secondary air damper, and the pressure of the high-pressure energy storage tank according to a set scanning cycle. During hot operation, the system continuously calculates the relative index of the bed resistance, the oxygen consumption trend parameter, and the transient disturbance index of the compensation pressure difference, and configures the left, middle, and right regions of the main combustion section as independent crack risk identification areas.

[0089] During operation, when the transient disturbance index of the compensated differential pressure corresponding to the primary air chamber on the left side of the main combustion section experiences continuous negative abrupt changes, and the displacement feedback of the grate hydraulic cylinder indicates that the grate section is in the forward pushing stroke, the transient sensing module 30 determines that a material layer blow-through risk event has occurred in this area. The system simultaneously reads the primary air fan frequency and the regular secondary air damper operation records for the most recent period. After confirming that there is no pipeline disturbance caused by fan adjustment or damper operation, it generates a crack risk area command for the left side of the main combustion section.

[0090] Upon receiving the aforementioned instruction, the jet execution module 40 freezes the opening state of the conventional main and secondary air electric dampers at the trigger moment, and opens the high-frequency electromagnetic valves on the left side of the front wall and the right side of the rear wall corresponding to the space area on the left side of the main combustion section. After the high-pressure gas is output through the coaxial inner tube, it is injected into the high-temperature secondary air in the outer annulus at the outlet of the secondary air nozzle, forming a mixed airflow jet with high penetration momentum. The two mixed airflow jets arranged alternately on the front and rear walls form a local shear mixing zone above the left side of the main combustion section, entraining, mixing, and burning the volatile gas column escaping from the crack.

[0091] During jet execution, the state reset module 50 continuously monitors the differential pressure feedback status and material layer resistance recovery status of the area. When the compensated differential pressure transient disturbance index recovers to a stable range and the material layer resistance relative index rises back to the pre-trigger tolerance range, the state reset module 50 starts a dwell timer. After the timer reaches the set time, the system closes the corresponding high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve and releases the freeze state of the conventional main and secondary air electric dampers, allowing the steady-state control module 20 to take over secondary air regulation again. To avoid repeated triggering in the same area due to incomplete compaction of the local material layer, the system sets a short-term interlock protection for that area after reset.

[0092] Under the same boiler load, similar net calorific value of waste fed into the furnace, and similar oxygen content in the flue gas, a comparison was made of the operating segment in the main combustion section where bed blow-through disturbance occurred:

[0093] The comparative model uses a conventional automatic combustion control method;

[0094] Secondary air regulation is based solely on the overall combustion state of the furnace and the oxygen content of the tail flue gas;

[0095] The embodiment adopts the combined control method of steady-state control, transient sensing, coaxial ejection and state reset described in this invention.

[0096] During the test, the observation window was from 30 seconds before the single blow-through disturbance was triggered to 150 seconds after the trigger. The peak CO value, duration of the high CO value, fluctuation range of flue gas oxygen content, fluctuation range of furnace negative pressure, fluctuation range of main steam flow, and disturbance recovery time were recorded. For each control mode, five consecutive comparable disturbance segments were selected, and their average value was used as the comparison result. Specific test data are shown in the table below.

[0097] <![CDATA[Peak value of flue gas CO, mg / Nm 3 > 486 212 56.40% Duration of high CO levels, s 74 28 62.20% Maximum fluctuation range of oxygen content in flue gas, %vol 2.1 0.9 57.10% Maximum fluctuation range of furnace negative pressure, Pa 42 24 42.90% Maximum fluctuation range of main steam flow rate, t / h 5.8 2.6 55.20% Disturbance recovery time, s 118 46 61.00%

[0098] See attached document Figure 8 As can be seen from the data in the table, when a bed-through disturbance occurs, conventional control methods mainly rely on the oxygen content of the tail flue gas and the overall furnace feedback for adjustment. The control action exhibits significant lag, and both the CO peak value and oxygen content fluctuate considerably. The control method of this invention identifies and compensates for transient anomalies in the differential pressure during the grate pushing stroke and forms a local mixed airflow jet through a coaxial ejector mechanism in the corresponding area. This allows the escaping volatiles to be more fully entrained and oxidized above the main combustion zone of the furnace, reducing both the peak CO value and the duration of high CO levels in the flue gas.

[0099] The control method of this invention freezes the conventional main and secondary air electric dampers during transient jet execution, avoiding sudden changes in total secondary air volume caused by rapid action of large-diameter dampers, thus suppressing the fluctuation amplitude of furnace negative pressure. Because local volatile combustion disturbances are confined to the vicinity of the main combustion zone, the fluctuation amplitude of main steam flow is simultaneously reduced, improving the stability of boiler heat load output. The above experimental results demonstrate that this invention does not rely on a single tail gas feedback for hysteresis correction, but rather identifies the risk of blow-through in advance during the stage of abrupt changes in the physical structure of the feed bed, and intervenes locally through a zoned coaxial ejector actuator.

[0100] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control system for a waste incineration boiler to improve combustion stability, characterized in that, include: The signal acquisition and filtering module is used to synchronously acquire multi-source physical signals of the boiler according to a set period and perform noise reduction processing, and output the filtered effective physical quantity. The steady-state control module receives the filtered effective physical quantities, calculates the relative index of the material bed resistance and the oxygen consumption trend parameters, and outputs decoupled control commands based on the relationship between the two to adjust the steady-state operating parameters of the boiler. The transient sensing module is used to calculate the compensation pressure transient disturbance index in parallel to eliminate the interference of flow change. It combines the mechanical stroke phase of the grate and multiple preset triggering conditions to determine the physical cracks in the material layer and locate the corresponding spatial crack coordinates. The jet execution module is used to receive the coordinates of the spatial fissure, send instructions to the steady-state control module to freeze the operating state of the main and secondary air electric dampers, and open the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve corresponding to the coordinates of the spatial fissure. The high-pressure gas output from the coaxial inner tube preset inside the main and secondary air nozzles is used to draw the high-temperature secondary air in the pipeline and form a mixed airflow above the fissure. The status reset module is used to monitor the differential pressure feedback parameters of the material layer. After the preset recovery conditions are met and the timer reaches the set dwell time, it closes the high-frequency electromagnetic valve and releases the frozen state of the main and secondary air electric dampers.

2. The waste incineration boiler control system for improving combustion stability according to claim 1, characterized by, The steady-state control module is specifically used for: The relative index of bed resistance is calculated using the filtered primary air chamber static pressure, primary air volume and furnace negative pressure, and the time derivative within a long sliding window is calculated using the filtered flue gas oxygen content to obtain oxygen consumption trend parameters. The change rate of the relative index of the material bed resistance and the current value of the oxygen consumption trend parameter are used for two-dimensional logic judgment. When the change rate of the relative index of the material bed resistance is greater than the first preset threshold and the oxygen consumption trend parameter is less than the second preset threshold, the output command is used to independently increase the grate running speed and the frequency of the primary air fan frequency converter in the corresponding section. When the rate of change of the material bed resistance relative index is less than the third preset threshold and the oxygen consumption trend parameter is greater than the fourth preset threshold, an instruction is output to reduce the frequency of the primary air fan inverter and the grate running speed in the corresponding section, and simultaneously increase the opening of the main and secondary air electric dampers.

3. The control system for improving combustion stability of a waste incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized by, The transient sensing module is specifically used for: The compensation pressure difference is calculated using the filtered primary air chamber static pressure and the furnace negative pressure. Based on the compensation pressure difference, a pre-calibrated air chamber flow-pressure difference sensitivity coefficient is further introduced. By calculating the weighted difference between the time derivative of the compensation pressure difference and the time derivative of the air flow, the compensation pressure difference transient disturbance index, which eliminates the interference of flow change, is obtained.

4. The control system for improving combustion stability of a waste incineration boiler according to claim 3, characterized by, The triggering conditions for the transient sensing module include: The mechanical stroke phase condition is used to determine that the instantaneous speed of the grate is greater than the set lower limit of the effective propulsion speed, ensuring that the grate is in the forward pushing stroke; The differential pressure negative change dwell condition is used to determine that the transient disturbance index of the compensation differential pressure is less than the set negative judgment threshold and the disturbance persists for a preset number of sampling periods. The actuator action exclusion condition is used to determine whether the time interval between the action of the primary fan or the main and secondary air dampers most recent in the current time is greater than the set exclusive action dead zone time. Energy anti-air release conditions are used to determine whether the internal absolute pressure of the high-pressure energy storage tank is greater than the set minimum bottom line pressure to ensure the penetration force of the jet.

5. The control system for improving combustion stability of a waste incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized by, When the jet execution module freezes the operating state of the main and secondary air electric dampers, it is specifically used for: Forcefully disconnect the dynamic adjustment command loop from the steady-state control module to the main and secondary air electric dampers; The output target value of the main and secondary wind electric dampers is locked to the actual opening feedback value at the moment the physical crack event is triggered, and the opening state is maintained until the unfreeze command sent by the state reset module is received.

6. The control system for improving combustion stability of a waste incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized by, The jet execution module further includes a coaxial ejector mechanism, which specifically includes: The coaxial inner tube is installed at the center of the conventional main and secondary air nozzles, and the external pipeline of the coaxial inner tube is connected to the high-pressure energy storage gas tank through a high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve. An outer annular flow channel for low-pressure hot secondary air circulation is formed between the coaxial inner tube and the tube wall of the main and secondary air nozzles.

7. The control system for improving combustion stability of a waste incineration boiler according to claim 6, characterized by, When the jet execution module utilizes the high-pressure gas output from the coaxial inner tube to draw in the high-temperature secondary air within the pipeline to form a mixed airflow jet, it is specifically used for: This causes the high-pressure gas to expand and accelerate from the outlet end of the coaxial inner tube, forming a high-speed central airflow. The high-speed central airflow generates a local negative pressure zone around the end of the coaxial inner tube based on the Venturi effect. The local negative pressure zone has a suction effect on the high-temperature secondary air in the outer annular flow channel. The high-pressure gas and the high-temperature secondary air being drawn in exchange momentum at the nozzle outlet, and they converge to form a mixed airflow jet.

8. The control system for improving combustion stability of a waste incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized by, The recovery conditions of the state reset module include: The compensation pressure differential transient disturbance index is greater than or equal to the preset disturbance index positive dead zone threshold; Furthermore, the relative index of the material layer resistance is greater than or equal to the difference between the baseline characteristic value of the material layer resistance recorded before the blow-through event is triggered and the set baseline tolerance parameter.

9. The control system for improving combustion stability of a waste incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized by, The state reset module is also used for: When the freeze state of the main and secondary wind electric dampers is lifted, the target output initial reference value of the steady-state control module is set to the actual feedback opening of the current main and secondary wind electric dampers to perform a disturbance-free switching. After the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve is closed, a secondary triggering lockout protection mechanism is activated for the hardware in the corresponding area. Within the set lockout duration, all new transient triggering signal commands generated in the corresponding area are shielded and intercepted.

10. The waste incineration boiler control system for improving combustion stability according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the jet actuation module opens the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valve corresponding to the coordinates of the spatial fissure, it is also used for: When the spatial fissure coordinates are located in the main combustion section, the high-frequency electromagnetic fast valves located in the corresponding areas of the furnace front wall and the furnace rear wall are opened simultaneously. Two mixed airflow streams arranged alternately on the front and back walls form a local shear mixing zone in the space above the fissure, thereby enhancing the entrainment and mixing of the escaping volatile gas column.

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