A middle-drive main shaft Y-axis linkage high-speed electric spindle quick-change tool magazine double-end precision turning and milling composite device

Abstract

The application relates to a double-end precision turning and milling composite device of a middle-drive main shaft Y-axis linkage high-speed electric main shaft quick tool changer. The device solves the technical problems of insufficient movement dimension of an existing machining unit and low efficiency of a single-tool-changer shared tool changing mode. The device comprises a bed body, a middle-drive main shaft mechanism with a brake assembly is arranged at the middle of one side of the bed body, turning and milling electric main shaft mechanisms with brakes are movably arranged at two ends of the other side of the bed body, a tool changing mechanism is arranged between the two turning and milling electric main shaft mechanisms, the tool changing mechanism is provided with two tool changers corresponding to the turning and milling electric main shaft mechanisms respectively, and a turning and milling main shaft movement driving mechanism is arranged between the bed body and the turning and milling electric main shaft mechanisms. The device has the advantages that the turning and milling electric main shafts at the two ends are matched with independent XYZ three-axis screw rail sliding driving mechanisms to realize full-stroke three-dimensional movement, support Y-axis complete interpolation linkage, can be used for machining complex features such as eccentric grooves, special-shaped curved surfaces, inclined holes and multi-edge milling, and breaks through the limitation of traditional double-head turning machines which only have X / Z two axes and no effective Y-axis machining capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of turning and milling equipment technology, specifically relating to a dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with a central drive spindle, Y-axis linkage, high-speed electric spindle, quick-change tool magazine, and double-end precision turning and milling mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, traditional mid-drive milling and turning composite machine tools are only equipped with X and Z axis sliding turrets at both ends, without an independent Y-axis interpolation linkage structure. They rely solely on workpiece rotation to achieve simple milling, making it impossible to machine eccentric grooves or complex curved surfaces. Furthermore, machine tools lacking Y-axis linkage often require multiple clamping or transfer to other processes when machining complex parts, failing to achieve the goal of efficient machining with a single clamping and completion. Moreover, existing machine tools generally adopt a single disc tool magazine structure, with the machining units at both ends sharing a single tool system. When machining simultaneously at both ends, tool changing actions are mutually exclusive, requiring the other side to stop and wait for a tool change, significantly increasing machining time. In addition, the shared tool magazine has limited tool capacity, and complex parts require frequent manual tool changes, resulting in low automation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with a centrally driven spindle, Y-axis linkage, high-speed electric spindle, quick-change tool magazine, and double-end precision turning and milling mechanism.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with a central drive spindle and Y-axis linkage high-speed electric spindle quick-change tool magazine, comprising a bed, a central drive spindle mechanism with a braking assembly located in the middle of one side of the bed, and turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms with brakes movably located at both ends of the other side of the bed, a tool changing mechanism located in the middle of the side of the bed away from the central drive spindle mechanism between the two turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms, the tool changing mechanism having two tool magazines corresponding one-to-one with the turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms, and a turning and milling spindle motion drive mechanism capable of driving the turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms to complete three-dimensional movement along the XYZ axes of the bed between the bed and the turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms. The dual tool magazines correspond to the two electric spindles respectively, ensuring that the left and right tools do not interfere with each other. Tool changing on one side does not affect continuous cutting on the other side, enabling uninterrupted continuous machining. The tool magazines are integrated in the middle of the machine bed, shortening the tool change stroke and adapting to high-speed machining cycles. The workpiece is positioned and clamped in the middle, and the forces are symmetrical during synchronous cutting at both ends, offsetting radial cutting impact forces and minimizing workpiece chatter. This ensures the roundness and straightness of long shafts, slender parts, and precision rotating parts. With a dual brake structure, the spindle locking accuracy is high, and there is no angular offset during milling and indexing. The left and right turning and milling electric spindles each have independent X / Y / Z three-dimensional feeds, enabling milling of cavities on one side and turning of external diameters on the other, or milling at both ends simultaneously, without the need for multiple equipment transfers. The overall rigid machine bed is made of high-strength gray cast iron. The machine is integrally cast and subjected to aging treatment to eliminate internal stress. The bed and worktable are machined with high-precision mounting reference surfaces. The linear guideways are made of precision-ground grade guideways, which, together with the ball screw pair, ensure the feed accuracy and wear resistance of each motion pair. During operation, the workpiece is quickly clamped and positioned by the workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism. The CNC system presets the machining program, drives the central drive rotary spindle to rotate the workpiece, and the Y-axis linkage feed mechanism drives the high-speed electric spindle cutting unit to feed to the machining station, completing the double-end synchronous turning and milling machining. When the tool needs to be changed, the fully automatic quick tool changer automatically completes the tool change and continues the subsequent machining process. The entire process realizes one-time clamping, multi-process continuous automated machining with high precision, high efficiency, and strong stability.

[0005] In the aforementioned high-speed electric spindle with Y-axis linkage and quick-change tool magazine dual-end precision turning and milling composite device, the tool changing mechanism includes a tool changer. The upper end of the tool changer is provided with a horizontally arranged tool magazine drive unit, and the lower end of the tool changer is provided with a tool magazine fixing unit fixed to the machine bed. The tool magazines are respectively arranged at both ends of the tool magazine drive unit through a tool magazine rotation assembly. The middle drive spindle mechanism is provided with a tool setting mounting block on the side near the tool changer. The upper end of the tool setting mounting block is provided with a tool setting device corresponding to the turning and milling electric spindle mechanism. The tool changer's lower tool magazine fixing part locks the machine bed, while the upper part supports the tool magazine drive unit. This split upper and lower support structure ensures that the cutting impact of the rotating tool magazine will not be transmitted to the offset, and high-speed tool changing is vibration-free. The left and right tool magazines are independently configured, which can store tools for machining on the left and right ends respectively, eliminating the need for frequent mixing and retrieval. The tools are clearly classified, reducing the risk of tool errors and adapting to the different machining processes at both ends. The tool setter is directly aligned with the travel stroke of the electric spindles on both sides. The movement of the electric spindles can complete the detection of tool length, wear, and breakage, eliminating the need for manual tool disassembly and offline tool setting. Real-time compensation for tool wear during machining continuously ensures dimensional accuracy and significantly reduces the scrap rate. The tool changer is located in the middle of the machine bed, and the travel from the left and right electric spindles to the tool magazine is consistent and the shortest, reducing the XYZ axis travel time, improving tool changing speed, and adapting to the cycle time of high-speed precision machining.

[0006] In the aforementioned high-speed electric spindle quick-change tool magazine dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of the mid-drive spindle, the tool magazine rotation assembly includes a tool magazine drive slot located inside the tool magazine fixing part. Tool magazine rotary motors are respectively installed at both ends of the tool magazine drive slot, and the motor shafts of the tool magazine rotary motors are connected to the circumferential inner side of the tool magazine. This eliminates intermediate transmission components such as gears and synchronous belts, thus eliminating transmission backlash and achieving high tool disc indexing and positioning accuracy. It features fast start / stop response, high-speed rotation tool changing without slippage, stable repeatability, and suitability for positioning micro-precision tools. The two tool magazines have independent rotational power, allowing for independent tool rotation on one side or simultaneous tool rotation at both ends, providing flexible operation logic. Tool changing operations at one end do not cause mechanical interference or vibration interference to machining at the other end. The motors are housed in the inner slot of the tool magazine fixing part with an external shielding structure, reducing the failure rate and maintenance frequency.

[0007] In the above-mentioned high-speed electric spindle quick-change tool magazine dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of mid-drive spindle, the tool magazine is polygonal disc-shaped. The tool magazine is provided with several tool mounting parts on the outer periphery. The tool mounting parts are provided with tool mounting slots for placing tools on the inner periphery. The tool mounting parts are provided with tool mounting openings that communicate with the tool mounting slots at the end away from the tool magazine. The polygonal profile allows for the even arrangement of multiple tool mounting positions, accommodating more tools with the same outer diameter to meet the tool reserve requirements of multi-process composite machining; the groove limit ensures the coaxiality of tool clamping; the external opening design eliminates the need for complex avoidance structures when the spindle grabs and releases tools, allowing the electric spindle to directly reach in and grab the tool, simplifying the tool changing process and shortening the tool changing time; manual tool replenishment and tool changing also do not require disassembling the tool head; multiple independent tool mounting sections support mixed loading of different specifications and types of tools, allowing for the loading of a complete set of tools for a process at once, eliminating the need for manual tool changing during machine stoppage; the fully automatic fast tool changer adopts a servo-controlled disc-type tool magazine, the tool magazine capacity of which can be customized according to machining needs, and the tool changing mechanism adopts a mechanical switching structure, with fast tool changing response speed and high positioning accuracy, and can complete fully automatic tool changing under the command of the CNC system without the need for manual operation during machine stoppage; the CNC control system adopts a high-end CNC system, supporting multi-axis linkage programming, tool compensation, process storage, and fault self-checking functions, with a simple operation interface, enabling automated and intelligent continuous machining.

[0008] In the aforementioned high-speed electric spindle quick-change tool magazine dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of central drive spindle, the central drive spindle mechanism includes a spindle mounting platform located in the middle of one side of the machine bed. The upper end of the spindle mounting platform is provided with a central drive spindle. The central drive spindle has a horizontally arranged workpiece placement hole on its inner circumferential side. The workpiece placement hole has a workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism that can fix the workpiece to be processed inside the workpiece. The workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism is connected to a spindle hydraulic drive assembly, and the inner side of the machine bed is provided with a spindle drive assembly connected to the central drive spindle. The central drive spindle is mounted on a separate rigid platform, integrally fixed to the machine bed, making it resistant to deformation under cutting loads. The workpiece clamping center datum remains stable over the long term, ensuring coaxiality during milling and turning at both ends. Through-hole workpieces are clamped through the machine bed, with both ends exposed for machining, perfectly adapting to simultaneous cutting requirements at both ends. A hydraulically driven chuck clamps the workpiece with uniform clamping force and long-lasting pressure retention, preventing workpiece loosening during high-speed rotation. Hydraulic pressure can be adjusted according to workpiece material and cutting load, balancing deformation prevention for thin-walled parts with high clamping rigidity for hard parts. A dedicated power unit drives the central drive spindle, enabling low-speed, high-torque turning and high-speed indexing milling. The workpiece can rotate with stepless speed regulation, allowing for complex processes such as turning outer diameters, end faces, and indexing groove milling in conjunction with the electric spindles at both ends. The central drive rotary spindle mechanism is centrally mounted in the middle of the machine bed. The spindle assembly is supported by high-precision angular contact ball bearings and driven by a servo spindle motor and belt connection. The workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism uses a built-in hydraulic cylinder to clamp the workpiece at both ends of the spindle, ensuring quick clamping and precise positioning.

[0009] In the aforementioned high-speed electric spindle quick-change tool magazine dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of the central drive spindle, the braking assembly includes a spindle brake disc disposed at one end of the central drive spindle. A corresponding spindle brake is located on the outer side of the central drive spindle near the spindle brake disc, and the tool setting mounting block is disposed on the side of the central drive spindle near the tool changer. During milling, drilling, and tapping, the brake grips the brake disc, completely locking the central drive spindle. The workpiece will not rotate slightly due to the milling cutting force, ensuring the indexing accuracy of keyways, polygons, and equally spaced holes. The brake disc and brake are located at the end of the spindle, allowing for brake pad replacement and braking unit maintenance without disassembling the spindle housing, reducing equipment downtime for maintenance. The braking assembly and tool setting mechanism are concentrated on the same side of the spindle, sharing pipelines and mounting bases, simplifying the overall machine piping routing, reducing bed openings, and improving overall machine rigidity.

[0010] In the aforementioned dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with a Y-axis linkage between the central drive spindle and the high-speed electric spindle and quick-change tool magazine, the turning and milling spindle motion drive mechanism includes Z-axis slides slidably mounted at both ends on the side of the machine bed away from the central drive spindle mechanism via Z-axis sliding drive mechanisms, capable of moving along the length of the machine bed. Y-axis slides are respectively provided on the Z-axis slides via Y-axis sliding drive mechanisms, capable of sliding along the width of the machine bed. Furthermore, X-axis slides are respectively provided on one side of the Y-axis slides via X-axis sliding drive mechanisms, allowing for vertical sliding. The turning and milling electric spindle mechanism is located on one side of the X-axis slides. The high-speed electric spindle cutting unit uses a built-in variable frequency motor with an adjustable speed range, adaptable to different cutting conditions such as turning, milling, and boring. Tool clamping is convenient and tool replacement is quick.

[0011] In the aforementioned high-speed electric spindle quick-change tool magazine dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of central drive spindle, the Z-axis sliding drive mechanism includes two Z-axis linear guides arranged on the side of the bed away from the central drive spindle mechanism. The Z-axis slide is provided with several Z-axis sliders connected to the Z-axis linear guides on the side away from the Y-axis slide. A Z-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly connected to the Z-axis slide is provided between the two Z-axis linear guides.

[0012] In the aforementioned high-speed electric spindle quick-change tool magazine dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage and mid-drive spindle, the Y-axis sliding drive mechanism includes two Y-axis linear guides located on the side of the Z-axis slide near the Y-axis slide. The lower end of the Y-axis slide has several Y-axis sliders connected to the Y-axis linear guides, and a Y-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly connected to the Y-axis slide is located between the two Y-axis linear guides. The Y-axis linkage feed mechanism uses a servo motor paired with a precision ball screw drive, allowing the cutting units on both sides to feed synchronously, thus meeting the dual requirements of symmetrical machining and complex asymmetrical machining.

[0013] In the aforementioned high-speed electric spindle quick-change tool magazine dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of mid-drive spindle, the X-axis sliding drive mechanism includes two X-axis linear guides arranged on the side of the Y-axis slide near the X-axis slide. The side of the X-axis slide near the Y-axis slide is provided with several X-axis sliders connected to the X-axis linear guides, and an X-axis lead screw nut drive assembly connected to the X-axis slide is provided between the two X-axis linear guides.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are:

[0015] 1. Both ends of the milling and turning electric spindle of this device are equipped with independent XYZ three-axis ball screw linear guide sliding drive mechanism to realize full-stroke three-dimensional movement, support complete Y-axis interpolation linkage, and can process complex features such as eccentric grooves, irregular curved surfaces, inclined holes, and polygon milling, breaking through the limitation of traditional double-head lathes that only have X / Z axes and no effective Y-axis machining capability.

[0016] 2. The tool changing mechanism of this device is centrally arranged in the middle and has independent polygonal disc tool changers at both ends. The two tool changers are driven by independent rotary motors. The machining units at both ends can perform tool changing actions synchronously. There are no pain points caused by sharing a single tool changer, such as mutual exclusion of tool changing and machine stoppage on one side while changing tools on the other side. This greatly reduces the cycle time of single-piece machining.

[0017] 3. The device is equipped with an independent braking assembly for the central drive spindle and a self-braking system for the milling and turning electric spindle mechanism. When milling under lateral force or multi-directional cutting, the central drive spindle or the milling and turning electric spindle can be locked to prevent the workpiece from rotating slightly or vibrating due to the cutting torque. It can accommodate both rotary turning and static indexing milling.

[0018] 4. This device can automatically complete the compensation and calibration of the tool length and radius at both ends before and after processing and during tool wear compensation, without the need for manual tool setting during machine stoppage, thus shortening auxiliary time. At the same time, the left and right electric spindles can independently complete tool setting and calibration, and tool wear on one side is compensated only on one side, without affecting the processing accuracy on the other side, making it suitable for mass continuous precision production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bed structure in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the tool changing mechanism and tool magazine in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central drive spindle mechanism in this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the structure of the milling spindle motion drive mechanism in this invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Bed; 2. Central drive spindle mechanism; 21. Spindle mounting platform; 22. Central drive spindle; 23. Workpiece placement hole; 24. Spindle hydraulic drive assembly; 25. Spindle drive assembly; 3. Brake assembly; 31. Spindle brake disc; 32. Spindle brake; 4. Turning and milling electric spindle mechanism; 5. Tool changer; 51. Tool changer; 52. Tool magazine drive unit; 53. Tool magazine fixing unit; 54. Tool magazine rotating assembly; 55. Tool setting mounting block; 56. Tool setting device; 57. Tool magazine drive slot; 58. Tool magazine rotary motor; 59. Motor shaft. 9. Tool changer; 6. Tool mounting section; 61. Tool mounting slot; 62. Tool mounting opening; 63. Milling spindle motion drive mechanism; 7. Z-axis slide; 71. Y-axis slide; 72. X-axis slide; 73. Z-axis linear guide; 74. Z-axis slider; 75. Z-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly; 76. Y-axis linear guide; 77. Y-axis slider; 78. Y-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly; 79. X-axis linear guide; 80. X-axis slider; 81. X-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly; 82. Chip collection box; 9. Chip chute; 91. Chip conveyor; 92. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1-6As shown, a dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with a central drive spindle and Y-axis linkage, a high-speed electric spindle with quick tool changer, includes a bed 1. A central drive spindle mechanism 2 with a brake assembly 3 is located in the middle of one side of the bed 1. Turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms 4 with brakes are movably mounted at both ends of the other side of the bed 1. A tool changing mechanism 5 is located between the two turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms 4, in the middle of the side of the bed 1 away from the central drive spindle mechanism 2. The tool changing mechanism 5 has two tool magazines 6, each corresponding to one turning and milling electric spindle mechanism 4. A turning and milling spindle motion drive mechanism 7 is located between the bed 1 and the turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms 4, enabling the turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms 4 to complete three-dimensional movement along the XYZ axes of the bed 1. A chip collection box 9 is installed on the side of the bed 1 near the central drive spindle mechanism 2. The chip collection box 9 has a chip removal groove 91 corresponding to the end of the central drive spindle mechanism 2 near the brake assembly 3, and the chip removal groove 91 is connected to a chip conveyor 92. The dual tool magazines correspond to the two electric spindles respectively, ensuring that the left and right tools do not interfere with each other. Tool changing on one side does not affect continuous cutting on the other side, enabling uninterrupted continuous machining. The tool magazines are integrated in the middle of the bed 1, shortening the tool change stroke and adapting to high-speed machining cycles. The workpiece is positioned and clamped in the middle, and the forces are symmetrical during synchronous cutting at both ends, offsetting radial cutting impact forces and minimizing workpiece chatter, ensuring the roundness and straightness of machining long shafts, slender parts, and precision rotating parts. With a dual brake structure, the spindle locking accuracy is high, and there is no angular offset during milling and indexing. The left and right turning and milling electric spindles each have independent X / Y / Z three-dimensional feeds, enabling milling of cavities on one side and turning of external diameters on the other, or milling at both ends simultaneously, without the need for multiple equipment transfers. The integral rigid bed 1 is made of high-strength gray cast iron. The machine is integrally cast and subjected to aging treatment to eliminate internal stress. The worktable surface of the bed 1 is machined with a high-precision mounting reference surface. The linear guideway pair adopts precision-ground grade guideways and is matched with ball screw pairs to ensure the feed accuracy and wear resistance of each motion pair. When the machine is working, the workpiece is quickly clamped and positioned by the workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism. The CNC system presets the machining program, drives the central drive rotary spindle to rotate the workpiece, and the Y-axis linkage feed mechanism drives the high-speed electric spindle cutting unit to feed to the machining station to complete the double-end synchronous turning and milling machining. When the tool needs to be changed, the fully automatic quick tool changer 6 automatically completes the tool change and continues the subsequent process. The whole process realizes one-time clamping and multi-process continuous automated machining with high precision, high efficiency and strong stability.

[0028] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the tool changing mechanism 5 includes a tool changing holder 51. The upper end of the tool changing holder 51 is provided with a horizontally arranged tool magazine drive unit 52, and the lower end of the tool changing holder 51 is provided with a tool magazine fixing unit 53 fixed to the bed 1. The tool magazine 6 is respectively arranged at both ends of the tool magazine drive unit 52 through the tool magazine rotation assembly 54. The middle drive spindle mechanism 2 is provided with a tool setting mounting block 55 on the side near the tool changing holder 51. The upper end of the tool setting mounting block 55 is provided with a tool setting device 56 corresponding to the milling and turning electric spindle mechanism 4. The tool changer 51 has a tool magazine fixing part 53 at the lower end that locks the machine bed 1, and a tool magazine drive part 52 at the upper end. The upper and lower split bearing structure ensures that the cutting impact of the rotating tool magazine will not be transmitted to the offset, and there is no vibration during high-speed tool changing. The left and right tool magazines are independently configured and can store the left and right machining tools respectively, eliminating the need for frequent mixing and retrieval. The tools are clearly classified, reducing the risk of tool errors and adapting to the different machining processes at both ends. The tool setter is directly aligned with the travel stroke of the electric spindles on both sides. The movement of the electric spindles can complete the detection of tool length, wear, and breakage, without the need for manual tool disassembly and offline tool setting. The tool wear is compensated in real time during machining, continuously ensuring dimensional accuracy and significantly reducing the scrap rate. The tool changer 51 is located in the middle of the machine bed 1, and the travel stroke from the left and right electric spindles to the tool magazine is consistent and the shortest, reducing the XYZ axis travel time, improving the tool changing speed, and adapting to the cycle time of high-speed precision machining.

[0029] The tool magazine rotating assembly 54 includes a tool magazine drive slot 57 located inside the tool magazine fixing part 53. Tool magazine rotary motors 58 are respectively installed at both ends of the tool magazine drive slot 57, and the motor shafts 59 of the tool magazine rotary motors 58 are connected to the tool magazine 6 circumferentially inward. By eliminating intermediate transmission components such as gears and timing belts, transmission backlash is eliminated, resulting in high indexing and positioning accuracy of the tool disc. It features fast start / stop response, high-speed rotation without slippage during tool changing, and stable repeatability, making it suitable for positioning micro-precision tools. The two tool magazines have independent rotational power, allowing for independent tool rotation on one side or simultaneous tool rotation at both ends, providing flexible operation logic. Tool changing operations on one end will not cause mechanical interference or vibration disturbance to machining on the other end. The motors are housed in the inner slot of the tool magazine fixing part 53 with an external shielding structure, reducing the failure rate and maintenance frequency.

[0030] Specifically, the tool changer magazine 6 is in the shape of a polygonal disc. The tool changer magazine 6 has several tool mounting parts 61 on the outer side of its periphery. The tool mounting parts 61 have tool mounting grooves 62 for placing tools on the inner side of their periphery. The tool mounting parts 61 have tool mounting openings 63 that communicate with the tool mounting grooves 62 at the end away from the tool changer magazine 6. The polygonal contour allows for the uniform arrangement of multiple tool mounting positions, accommodating more tools with the same outer diameter to meet the tool reserve requirements of multi-process composite machining; the groove limit ensures the coaxiality of tool clamping; the outer opening design eliminates the need for complex avoidance structures when the spindle grabs and releases tools, allowing the electric spindle to directly reach in and grab the tool, simplifying the tool changing process and shortening the tool changing time; manual tool replenishment and tool changing also do not require disassembling the tool head; multiple independent tool mounting sections 61 support mixed loading of tools of different specifications and types, allowing a complete set of process tools to be loaded at once without interrupting the machine for manual tool changing; the fully automatic fast tool changer 6 adopts a servo-controlled disc-type tool magazine, the tool magazine capacity of which can be customized according to machining needs, and the tool changing mechanism adopts a mechanical switching structure, with fast tool changing response speed and high positioning accuracy, and can complete fully automatic tool changing under the command of the CNC system without interrupting the machine for manual operation; the CNC control system adopts a high-end CNC system, supporting multi-axis linkage programming, tool compensation, process storage, and fault self-checking functions, with a simple operation interface, enabling automated and intelligent continuous machining.

[0031] Combination Figures 1-3 and Figure 5 As shown, the intermediate drive spindle mechanism 2 includes a spindle mounting platform 21 located in the middle of one side of the bed 1. An intermediate drive spindle 22 is provided at the upper end of the spindle mounting platform 21. A workpiece placement hole 23 is provided on the inner side of the intermediate drive spindle 22 in a horizontal direction. A workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism is provided inside the workpiece placement hole 23 to fix the workpiece to be processed. The workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism is connected to the spindle hydraulic drive assembly 24. A spindle drive assembly 25 connected to the intermediate drive spindle 22 is provided on the inner side of the bed 1. The central drive spindle 22 is mounted on a rigid platform and is integrally fixed to the bed 1, making it resistant to deformation under cutting loads. The workpiece clamping center reference remains stable over a long period, ensuring coaxiality during turning and milling at both ends. Workpieces with through-hole structures are clamped through the entire workpiece, with both ends exposed for machining, perfectly adapting to the requirements of simultaneous cutting at both ends. The hydraulically driven chuck clamps the workpiece with uniform clamping force and long-lasting pressure retention, preventing workpiece loosening during high-speed rotational cutting. The hydraulic pressure can be adjusted according to the workpiece material and cutting load, balancing the prevention of deformation of thin-walled parts with the high clamping rigidity of hard parts. A dedicated power unit drives the central drive spindle 22, enabling low-speed, high-torque turning and high-speed indexing milling. The workpiece can rotate with stepless speed regulation, and in conjunction with the electric spindles at both ends, it can complete composite processes such as turning outer diameters, end faces, and indexing groove milling. The central drive rotary spindle mechanism is centrally mounted in the middle of the bed 1. The spindle assembly is supported by a high-precision angular contact ball bearing group and is driven by a servo spindle motor and belt connection. The workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism uses a built-in hydraulic cylinder on the spindle to clamp the workpiece, ensuring quick clamping and precise positioning at both ends of the spindle.

[0032] The braking assembly 3 includes a spindle brake disc 31 located at one end of the intermediate drive spindle 22. A spindle brake 32 corresponding to the spindle brake disc 31 is located on the outer side of the intermediate drive spindle 22 near the spindle brake disc 31. The tool setting mounting block 55 is located on the side of the intermediate drive spindle 22 near the tool changer 51. During milling, drilling, and tapping, the brake grips the brake disc, completely locking the intermediate drive spindle 22. The workpiece will not rotate slightly due to the milling cutting force, ensuring the indexing accuracy of keyways, polygons, and equally spaced holes. The brake disc and brake are located at the end of the spindle, allowing for brake pad replacement and braking unit maintenance without disassembling the spindle housing, reducing equipment downtime for maintenance. The braking assembly and tool setting mechanism are concentrated on the same side of the spindle, sharing pipelines and mounting bases, simplifying the overall machine piping routing, reducing machine bed openings, and improving overall machine rigidity.

[0033] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the milling and turning spindle motion drive mechanism 7 includes Z-axis slides 71 slidably mounted at both ends of the bed 1 on the side away from the central drive spindle mechanism 2 via Z-axis sliding drive mechanisms and capable of moving along the length of the bed 1. Y-axis slides 72 are mounted on the Z-axis slides 71 via Y-axis sliding drive mechanisms and capable of sliding along the width of the bed 1. X-axis slides 73, which slide vertically, are mounted on one side of the Y-axis slides 72 via X-axis sliding drive mechanisms. The milling and turning electric spindle mechanism 4 is mounted on one side of the X-axis slides 73. The high-speed electric spindle cutting unit uses a built-in variable frequency motor with an adjustable speed range, adaptable to different cutting conditions such as turning, milling, and boring. Tool clamping is convenient and tool replacement is quick.

[0034] The Z-axis sliding drive mechanism includes two Z-axis linear guides 74 located on the side of the bed 1 away from the central drive spindle mechanism 2. The Z-axis slide 71 is provided with several Z-axis sliders 75 connected to the Z-axis linear guides 74 on the side away from the Y-axis slide 72. A Z-axis lead screw nut drive assembly 76 connected to the Z-axis slide 71 is provided between the two Z-axis linear guides 74.

[0035] Specifically, the Y-axis sliding drive mechanism includes two Y-axis linear guides 77 positioned on the side of the Z-axis slide 71 near the Y-axis slide 72. The lower end of the Y-axis slide 72 has several Y-axis sliders 78 connected to the Y-axis linear guides 77, and a Y-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly 79 connected to the Y-axis slide 72 is located between the two Y-axis linear guides 77. The Y-axis linkage feed mechanism uses a servo motor paired with a precision ball screw drive, allowing the cutting units on both sides to feed synchronously, meeting the dual needs of symmetrical machining and complex asymmetrical machining.

[0036] Meanwhile, the X-axis sliding drive mechanism includes two X-axis linear guides 80 arranged on the side of the Y-axis slide 72 near the X-axis slide 73, and the X-axis slide 73 is provided with a number of X-axis sliders 81 connected to the X-axis linear guides 80 on the side near the Y-axis slide 72. An X-axis lead screw nut drive assembly 82 connected to the X-axis slide 73 is provided between the two X-axis linear guides 80.

[0037] The principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] The workpiece to be processed is inserted through the workpiece placement hole 23 of the central drive spindle 22 in the middle of the bed 1. The spindle hydraulic drive assembly 24 drives the internal workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism to perform radial clamping and positioning from the middle of the workpiece. The entire workpiece can be fixed in a single clamping, ensuring that the machining datum of the left and right ends of the workpiece is consistent. The spindle drive assembly 25 drives the central drive spindle 22 to rotate, realizing the workpiece rotary turning. At this time, the tool on the milling and turning electric spindle mechanism 4 is locked. When the workpiece needs to be milled, drilled, grooved, or other indexed static machining, the brake assembly 3 is activated, the spindle brake 32 clamps the spindle brake disc 31, locks the central drive spindle 22, eliminates the spindle torsion and slight rotation caused by the milling lateral cutting force, and ensures the accuracy of the milling contour and hole angle. The bed 1 is arranged with... A double parallel Z-axis linear guide 74 and a Z-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly 76 provide linear driving force, driving the Z-axis slide 71 to slide along the length of the Z-axis linear guide 74 via the Z-axis slider 75. This controls the milling spindle to move closer to or away from the workpiece end face. A Y-axis linear guide 77 is laid on the Z-axis slide 71. A Y-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly 79 drives the Y-axis slide 72 to translate via the Y-axis slider 78, achieving complete Y-axis interpolation linkage. By relying on Y-axis offset in conjunction with workpiece static indexing, it can process complex features that traditional two-axis lathes cannot achieve, such as eccentric grooves, irregular curved surfaces, polygonal contours, and oblique holes, thus overcoming the deficiency of traditional dual-head lathes in lacking effective Y-axis machining capabilities. An X-axis linear guide 80 is set on the side of the Y-axis slide 72. The X-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly 82 drives the X-axis slide 73 along... The vertical lifting mechanism controls the cutting radius of the tool. The milling and turning electric spindle mechanism 4 is installed on the outside of the X-axis slide 72 and has its own integrated brake structure. During heavy milling, it locks the spindle and suppresses high-speed cutting vibration. The tool magazine fixing part 53 locks and fixes the entire tool changer 51 in the middle of the bed 1 to ensure that the tool changing position is constant. The tool magazine drive slot 57 has two independent tool magazine rotary motors 58 built in it. The motor shafts 59 are respectively connected to the left and right polygonal disc-shaped tool magazines 6. The rotation of the two tool magazines is independent of each other. Multiple sets of tool mounting parts 61 are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the polygonal disc-shaped tool magazines 6. Tools are loaded into the tool mounting slots 62 to realize the centralized storage of multi-specification turning tools, milling cutters, and drills. After the system issues a tool changing command, the corresponding tool magazine rotary motor 58 on one side is activated. 8. Drive the tool magazine to rotate, rotating the target tool to the tool pick-up position. The XYZ three-axis slide on the same side moves the milling spindle to the tool change position to complete the tool grabbing. The left and right tool magazines can perform tool change actions synchronously, without waiting on one side, solving the cycle time waste caused by the traditional single tool magazine sharing. Before machining, after tool wear, or when replacing a new tool, the control system drives the single or double milling spindle to move to the tool setting device 56 above the tool setting mounting block 55. The spindle drives the tool to touch the tool setting device probe, automatically collecting the actual length and radius data of the tool, comparing it with the theoretical parameters of the system and generating tool compensation values, which are directly written into the CNC system. Because the tool setting device 56 is close to the workpiece clamping area of ​​the central drive spindle 22, the tool setting reference and the machining reference are completely coincident, resulting in higher compensation accuracy.

[0039] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0040] Although this article extensively uses the following components: bed 1, intermediate drive spindle mechanism 2, spindle mounting platform 21, intermediate drive spindle 22, workpiece placement hole 23, spindle hydraulic drive assembly 24, spindle drive assembly 25, brake assembly 3, spindle brake disc 31, spindle brake 32, turning and milling electric spindle mechanism 4, tool changer 5, tool changer 51, tool magazine drive unit 52, tool magazine fixing unit 53, tool magazine rotating assembly 54, tool setting mounting block 55, tool setting device 56, tool magazine drive slot 57, tool magazine rotary motor 58, motor shaft 59, tool changer magazine 6. Terms such as tool mounting section 61, tool mounting slot 62, tool mounting opening 63, milling spindle motion drive mechanism 7, Z-axis slide 71, Y-axis slide 72, X-axis slide 73, Z-axis linear guide 74, Z-axis slider 75, Z-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly 76, Y-axis linear guide 77, Y-axis slider 78, Y-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly 79, X-axis linear guide 80, X-axis slider 81, X-axis lead screw and nut drive assembly 82, chip receiving box 9, chip chute 91, chip conveyor 92, etc., are used, but the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed electric spindle with quick-change tool magazine and dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage and a central drive spindle, comprising a bed (1), wherein a central drive spindle mechanism (2) with a brake assembly (3) is provided in the middle of one side of the bed (1), characterized in that, The machine bed (1) is provided with a turning and milling electric spindle mechanism (4) with brake at both ends on the other side. Between the two turning and milling electric spindle mechanisms (4), there is a tool changing mechanism (5) located in the middle of the side of the machine bed (1) away from the central drive spindle mechanism (2). The tool changing mechanism (5) has two tool change magazines (6) that correspond one-to-one with the turning and milling electric spindle mechanism (4). Between the machine bed (1) and the turning and milling electric spindle mechanism (4), there is a turning and milling spindle motion drive mechanism (7) that can drive the turning and milling electric spindle mechanism (4) to complete three-dimensional movement along the XYZ axis of the machine bed (1).

2. The dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of the mid-drive spindle and quick-change tool magazine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool changing mechanism (5) includes a tool changing frame (51), the upper end of which is provided with a horizontally arranged tool magazine drive unit (52), the lower end of which is provided with a tool magazine fixing unit (53) fixed to the bed (1), the tool magazine (6) is respectively arranged at both ends of the tool magazine drive unit (52) through the tool magazine rotation assembly (54), and the middle drive spindle mechanism (2) is provided with a tool setting mounting block (55) on the side near the tool changing frame (51), and the upper end of the tool setting mounting block (55) is provided with a tool setting device (56) corresponding to the milling and turning electric spindle mechanism (4).

3. The dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of the central drive spindle and quick-change tool magazine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tool magazine rotating assembly (54) includes a tool magazine drive groove (57) disposed inside the tool magazine fixing part (53). Tool magazine drive groove (57) is provided with tool magazine rotating motors (58) at both ends, and the motor shaft (59) of the tool magazine rotating motor (58) is connected to the inner side of the tool changer (6) circumferentially.

4. A high-speed electric spindle with quick-change tool magazine and dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage for mid-drive spindle as described in claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The tool changer (6) is polygonal disc-shaped. The tool changer (6) is provided with a plurality of tool mounting parts (61) on the outer periphery. The tool mounting parts (61) are provided with tool mounting grooves (62) for placing tools on the inner periphery. The tool mounting parts (61) are provided with a tool mounting opening (63) connected to the tool mounting grooves (62) at the end away from the tool changer (6).

5. The dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of the mid-drive spindle and quick-change tool magazine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central drive spindle mechanism (2) includes a spindle mounting platform (21) located in the middle of one side of the bed (1). The upper end of the spindle mounting platform (21) is provided with a central drive spindle (22). The central drive spindle (22) is provided with a horizontally arranged workpiece placement hole (23) on its inner circumferential side. The inner side of the workpiece placement hole (23) is provided with a workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism that can fix the workpiece to be processed. The workpiece clamping and positioning mechanism is connected to a spindle hydraulic drive assembly (24). The inner side of the bed (1) is provided with a spindle drive assembly (25) connected to the central drive spindle (22).

6. The dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of the mid-drive spindle and quick-change tool magazine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The braking assembly (3) includes a spindle brake disc (31) disposed at one end of the intermediate drive spindle (22). The outer side of the intermediate drive spindle (22) near the spindle brake disc (31) is provided with a spindle brake (32) corresponding to the spindle brake disc (31). The tool setting block (55) is disposed on the side of the intermediate drive spindle (22) near the tool changer (51).

7. The dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of the central drive spindle and quick-change tool magazine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The milling and turning spindle motion drive mechanism (7) includes a Z-axis slide (71) which is slidably mounted at both ends of the bed (1) away from the central drive spindle mechanism (2) via a Z-axis sliding drive mechanism and can move along the length direction of the bed (1). The Z-axis slide (71) is provided with a Y-axis slide (72) which can slide along the width direction of the bed (1) via a Y-axis sliding drive mechanism. The Y-axis slide (72) is provided with an X-axis slide (73) which slides up and down via an X-axis sliding drive mechanism on one side. The milling and turning electric spindle mechanism (4) is located on one side of the X-axis slide (73).

8. The dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage of the mid-drive spindle and quick-change tool magazine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The Z-axis sliding drive mechanism includes two Z-axis linear guides (74) located on the side of the bed (1) away from the central drive spindle mechanism (2). The Z-axis slide (71) is provided with several Z-axis sliders (75) connected to the Z-axis linear guides (74) on the side away from the Y-axis slide (72). A Z-axis lead screw nut drive assembly (76) connected to the Z-axis slide (71) is provided between the two Z-axis linear guides (74).

9. A double-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage for a mid-drive spindle, quick-change tool magazine, and a central drive spindle as described in claim 8, characterized in that... The Y-axis sliding drive mechanism includes two Y-axis linear guides (77) arranged on the side of the Z-axis slide (71) near the Y-axis slide (72). The lower end of the Y-axis slide (72) is provided with several Y-axis sliders (78) connected to the Y-axis linear guides (77), and a Y-axis lead screw nut drive assembly (79) connected to the Y-axis slide (72) is provided between the two Y-axis linear guides (77).

10. A dual-end precision turning and milling composite device with Y-axis linkage for a mid-drive spindle, quick-change tool magazine, and a central drive spindle as described in claim 9, characterized in that... The X-axis sliding drive mechanism includes two X-axis linear guides (80) arranged on the side of the Y-axis slide (72) near the X-axis slide (73). The X-axis slide (73) near the Y-axis slide (72) is provided with a plurality of X-axis sliders (81) connected to the X-axis linear guides (80), and an X-axis lead screw nut drive assembly (82) connected to the X-axis slide (73) is provided between the two X-axis linear guides (80).

Images