Installation method and device of self-adhesive photovoltaic support waterproof film

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of installation method and device of self-adhesive photovoltaic support waterproof film, belong to photovoltaic building waterproof technical field.It includes: cleaning, drying, flat roof base to water content and unevenness is lower than threshold value;Provide upper waterproof layer and lower self-adhesive sealing layer composite film, self-adhesive layer is butyl rubber modified asphalt, uncovering film and adhering;Roller exhaust makes self-adhesive layer microkinetic joint filling forms capillary water-blocking layer, standing solidification;Corresponding support pedestal is laid on sealing layer Flexible cushion layer;Non-penetrating compression structure is used to fix support above cushion layer, and form sealed edge layer and block seepage, realize lossless long-acting sealing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building waterproofing technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for installing a self-adhesive waterproof membrane for photovoltaic brackets. Background Technology

[0002] During the installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems, PV brackets are typically fixed using penetrating installation methods such as drilling holes or driving nails into the roof. However, this approach easily damages the original waterproofing layer of the roof, increasing the risk of water seepage and affecting the building's waterproofing performance and the long-term operational stability of the PV system. For special roofs such as corrugated steel sheets, aluminum panels, and saddle-shaped roofs, drilling is particularly damaging to the waterproofing layer and can potentially lead to long-term leakage problems.

[0003] To reduce the risk of water penetration, some existing technologies use waterproof membranes to be applied at the joints between the support structure and the roof. However, these membranes mostly rely on adhesives for fixation and are only used as an additional waterproof protective layer, rather than as part of the support structure fixing system. Furthermore, their durability and stability vary greatly between products of different quality, and they are prone to aging and failure, especially under high temperature and ultraviolet radiation.

[0004] Other drill-free bracket systems attempt to fix the brackets using magnetic force, adsorption, or mechanical clamping, but these solutions are usually complex in structure, difficult to adapt to different roof materials, and their adhesion or fixing force tends to decrease after long-term exposure.

[0005] Furthermore, while waterproof coating technology can provide some protection, the coating needs to be reapplied or maintained periodically, and its waterproofing effect gradually weakens over time, making it difficult to guarantee the roof's waterproofing performance in a long-term manner. In summary, existing technologies generally have the following drawbacks: First, the roof's waterproofing layer is damaged during bracket installation, and there is a lack of effective solutions that can simultaneously ensure both fixation and long-term waterproofing; second, the installation process is cumbersome, has poor adaptability to special roof materials, and has low construction efficiency; third, the waterproofing measures lack durability and are prone to failure under long-term environmental conditions, failing to provide stable and durable waterproof protection for photovoltaic brackets. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0007] To address this issue, this invention proposes an installation method for a self-adhesive waterproof membrane for photovoltaic (PV) brackets. The method involves cleaning, drying, and flattening the roof substrate to below a preset threshold; providing a composite membrane consisting of an upper waterproof layer and a butyl rubber-modified asphalt self-adhesive sealing layer; peeling and positioning the membrane; using a pressure roller to press and vent air, allowing the self-adhesive layer to micro-flow and fill gaps to form a capillary water-blocking layer, which is then allowed to cure; laying a flexible sealing pad on the sealing layer corresponding to the bracket base; and using a non-penetrating clamping structure to fix the bracket above the pad, forming a sealing edge layer at the bracket's edge to prevent lateral rainwater seepage. This invention avoids the damage to the waterproof layer caused by penetrating installations, achieving a non-destructive and long-lasting sealed fixation of the PV bracket.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide an installation device for a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for installing a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane, comprising:

[0010] The roof substrate is cleaned, dried, and leveled to ensure that the roof moisture content and local unevenness are below the preset threshold, thus obtaining the surface to be attached. A composite waterproof membrane with an upper waterproof main layer and a lower self-adhesive sealing layer is provided. The lower self-adhesive sealing layer is made of butyl rubber and modified bitumen composite adhesive material. The release film on its lower surface is gradually removed, and the membrane material is positioned and adhered to the surface to be attached. The membrane material is pressed and vented by a pressure roller, which causes a micro-flow filling effect in the self-adhesive sealing layer, filling the micro-gaps in the roof to form a capillary water-blocking layer. After being left to stand for 24 hours to cure, a stable sealing layer with no air bubbles and continuous surface contact between the membrane material and the roof is obtained. A flexible sealing pad is laid on the upper surface of the stable sealing layer at the position corresponding to the support base to form a buffer isolation interface; A non-penetrating compression structure is used to press and fix the photovoltaic bracket on top of the flexible sealing gasket, and a sealing edge layer is formed at the edge of the bracket; the non-penetrating compression structure does not penetrate the self-adhesive waterproof membrane and the roof base layer, and the sealing edge layer is used to block the lateral seepage of rainwater.

[0011] The installation method of the self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: In one embodiment of the present invention, cleaning, drying, and smoothing treatment of the roof substrate includes: Remove dust, oil, rust, and impurities from the roof surface to obtain a clean roof surface; After cleaning, the moisture content of the roof surface is tested. If it is higher than 8%, drying treatment is carried out until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain a dry roof surface. After drying, check the local unevenness of the roof surface. If it is higher than 5mm, perform pre-pressure leveling treatment until the unevenness is ≤5mm, so as to obtain a surface that meets the bonding requirements.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper waterproof main layer of the composite waterproof membrane is made of at least one of SBS modified polymer waterproof membrane, APP modified polymer waterproof membrane, TPO or EPDM polymer weather-resistant membrane, with a corresponding thickness of 1.2 to 2.0 mm; the lower self-adhesive sealing layer has a thickness of 0.8 to 1.5 mm, wherein the mass ratio of butyl rubber to modified bitumen is 60% to 80% butyl rubber and 20% to 40% modified bitumen.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, a pressure roller is used to press and vent the film material, including: A rubber roller is used to roll the membrane material from the middle to both sides with a pressure of 0.2 to 0.4 MPa to initially press it, expel the air between the membrane material and the roof, and obtain a pre-pressed state; For the troughs and transitions of the roof, the overlapping areas of the membrane material edges, and the pre-set stress areas of the supports, a metal roller is used for secondary compaction, which causes the self-adhesive sealing layer to have a micro-flow filling effect, resulting in a dense and tight fit.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of causing the self-adhesive sealing layer to undergo a micro-flow filling effect and fill the micro-gaps in the roof to form a capillary water-resistant layer is as follows: The compressive stress applied during the secondary compaction process causes the butyl rubber modified asphalt composite adhesive to produce viscous flow. The corresponding flow material fills the microscopic gaps on the roof surface with a width of less than 0.5 mm and a depth of less than 0.3 mm under pressure, forming a continuous and gapless capillary water-blocking interface.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, during the 24-hour curing process, the ambient temperature is 5℃~40℃ and the relative humidity is ≤85%. Under these conditions, the self-adhesive sealing layer completes stress release, molecular chain diffusion and interface wetting, forming a stable sealing layer with an adhesion strength ≥1.5N / mm.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible sealing gasket is made of EPDM rubber or butyl elastic gasket, with a thickness of 1.0 to 2.0 mm; laying the flexible sealing gasket includes: Based on the coordinates of the support base position corresponding to the upper surface of the stable sealing layer, a flexible sealing pad that matches the shape of the bottom surface of the support base is cut to obtain a pad sheet with a suitable size. The padding sheet is attached to the support base on the upper surface of the stabilizing sealing layer and gently pressed to make it adhere, forming a buffer isolation interface.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, a non-penetrating compression structure is used to press and fix the photovoltaic bracket above the flexible sealing gasket layer, including: Place the photovoltaic bracket base on top of the flexible sealing gasket layer, and select pressure blocks, guide rails or lightweight clamps as non-through clamping structures; Place the selected clamping component above the bracket base and apply a clamping force perpendicular to the roof surface to make the bracket base in close contact with the flexible sealing gasket layer. The corresponding clamping component does not penetrate the self-adhesive waterproof membrane and the roof base layer, thus achieving the initial fixed state of the bracket. Check the tightness of the clamping components to ensure there is no relative displacement between the bracket base and the flexible sealing gasket, thus obtaining the final state of bracket fixation.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, a sealing edging layer is formed at the edge of the bracket, comprising: Butyl rubber sealing strips are continuously laid along the junction of the fixed photovoltaic bracket edge and the upper surface of the stable sealing layer; Applying a pressure of 0.1 to 0.2 MPa causes the rubber strip to adhere tightly to both sides of the surface, forming a sealing edge layer with a width of 20 to 50 mm and a thickness of 1.0 to 1.5 mm, which is used to prevent rainwater from seeping laterally along the edge of the bracket to the bottom of the stable sealing layer.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the present invention provides an installation device for a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane, comprising: The base surface treatment unit is used to clean, dry and flatten the roof base layer, so that the roof moisture content and local unevenness are lower than the preset threshold, and obtain the surface to be attached. The membrane application unit is used to provide a composite waterproof membrane with an upper waterproof main layer and a lower self-adhesive sealing layer. The lower self-adhesive sealing layer is made of butyl rubber and modified bitumen composite adhesive material. The release film on its lower surface is gradually removed, and the membrane is positioned and applied to the surface to be applied. The pressing and solidification unit is used to press and vent the membrane material with a pressure roller, so that the self-adhesive sealing layer has a micro-flow filling effect, filling the micro gaps in the roof to form a capillary water-blocking layer. After being left to stand for 24 hours to cure, a stable sealing layer with no air bubbles and continuous surface contact between the membrane material and the roof is obtained. The padding unit is used to lay a flexible sealing padding layer on the upper surface of the stable sealing layer at the position corresponding to the support base to form a buffer isolation interface; The bracket fixing unit is used to press and fix the photovoltaic bracket to the flexible sealing gasket layer using a non-penetrating compression structure, and to form a sealing edge layer at the edge of the bracket; wherein the non-penetrating compression structure does not penetrate the self-adhesive waterproof membrane and the roof base layer, and the sealing edge layer is used to block the lateral seepage of rainwater.

[0020] This invention discloses an installation method and apparatus for a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane. Through a non-penetrating compression structure, it avoids penetration and damage to the roof waterproof layer. Utilizing the micro-flow filling effect of the self-adhesive sealing layer, a capillary water-blocking layer is formed, which, combined with static curing, achieves a stable sealing layer with continuous surface contact. Simultaneously, a flexible sealing pad layer and a sealing edge layer are incorporated to block lateral rainwater seepage. This effectively solves the problems of leakage caused by drilling during installation, poor durability of the additional waterproof layer, and low installation efficiency in existing technologies. It achieves non-destructive, integrated installation from substrate treatment, membrane bonding, and layering to bracket fixation, significantly improving the waterproof reliability and long-term stability of the photovoltaic bracket system. It also enhances the adaptability and engineering practical value of this method under complex roof shapes and different material conditions.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an installation method for a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a self-adhesive waterproof membrane structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the present invention and the photovoltaic support according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction process of a self-adhesive waterproof membrane on a roof according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation device for a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a method and apparatus for installing a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] The core idea of ​​this invention is to address the problem of leakage caused by penetration of the roof waterproofing layer in traditional photovoltaic bracket installations. It solves the defects of damage to the waterproofing layer caused by drilling and insufficient durability of the additional waterproofing layer by constructing a non-destructive installation method covering the entire process of "substrate treatment—membrane bonding—compression layering—insulation layer setting—bracket fixing." First, the roof substrate is cleaned, dried, and leveled to meet standards. A composite membrane consisting of an upper waterproofing layer and a butyl rubber modified asphalt self-adhesive sealing layer is provided, peeled off, positioned, and bonded. A pressure roller is used to expel air, causing the self-adhesive layer to micro-flow and fill gaps, forming a capillary water-blocking layer, which is then allowed to cure, obtaining a stable sealing layer. A flexible sealing pad is then laid on the sealing layer at the corresponding bracket base. Finally, a non-penetrating compression structure is used to fix the bracket and form a sealing edge layer to block lateral rainwater seepage. Through this non-destructive, integrated installation path, this invention transforms traditional penetrating fixing into a long-lasting sealing system that does not damage the waterproofing layer, significantly improving the waterproofing reliability, installation efficiency, and engineering applicability of the photovoltaic bracket system.

[0027] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a method and apparatus for installing a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the installation method of a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane according to the present invention includes the following steps: S1, clean, dry and flatten the roof base layer to make the roof moisture content and local unevenness lower than the preset threshold, and obtain the surface to be attached; S2 provides a composite waterproof membrane with an upper waterproof main layer and a lower self-adhesive sealing layer. The lower self-adhesive sealing layer is made of butyl rubber and modified bitumen composite adhesive material. The release film on its lower surface is gradually removed, and the membrane material is positioned and adhered to the surface to be attached. S3 uses a pressure roller to press and vent the membrane material, causing a micro-flow filling effect in the self-adhesive sealing layer, filling the micro gaps in the roof to form a capillary water-blocking layer, and then letting it stand for 24 hours to cure, resulting in a stable sealing layer with no air bubbles and continuous surface contact between the membrane material and the roof. S4. A flexible sealing pad is laid on the upper surface of the stable sealing layer at the position corresponding to the bracket base to form a buffer isolation interface. S5 uses a non-penetrating compression structure to press and fix the photovoltaic bracket to the flexible sealing gasket layer, and forms a sealing edge layer at the edge of the bracket; the non-penetrating compression structure does not penetrate the self-adhesive waterproof membrane and the roof base layer, and the sealing edge layer is used to block the lateral seepage of rainwater.

[0029] In summary, the self-adhesive waterproof membrane material provided by this invention can firmly fix photovoltaic brackets to the roof without drilling or damaging the roof waterproofing layer. The membrane itself is self-adhesive; simply stick it directly to the roof and allow it to adhere for a certain period. The membrane and roof surface bond tightly, preventing any possibility of penetration into the roof waterproofing layer and greatly reducing the risk of water seepage. Furthermore, the membrane material can adapt to the shape of the roof surface; even with slight unevenness, the membrane's elasticity allows it to adhere closely to the roof, further improving the waterproofing effect. The key difference from existing technologies is that the innovative design of the self-adhesive waterproof membrane eliminates the need for drilling, avoiding the drawbacks of traditional installation methods that damage the roof waterproofing layer. The membrane's self-adhesiveness ensures a tight fit between the membrane and the roof without any gaps, guaranteeing the integrity of the waterproofing layer.

[0030] Specifically, the method of this invention includes the following details: 1. Self-adhesive waterproof membrane solves the problem of damage to the roof waterproof layer.

[0031] 1.1 Structural composition.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the preferred waterproof main layer is made of: SBS (Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene) modified polymer waterproof membrane; APP (Atactic Polypropylene) modified polymer waterproof membrane; TPO, EPDM type polymer weather-resistant membrane; the preferred self-adhesive sealing layer is made of: BR (Butyl Rubber); MB (Modified Bitumen) composite adhesive material; this structure belongs to a typical "flexible waterproof + high adhesion sealing" composite system, the core feature of which is that the upper layer is responsible for long-term environmental protection, and the lower layer is responsible for non-perforated adhesive fixation; unlike traditional single waterproof tape, the double-layer structure in this invention simultaneously undertakes waterproof function, sealing function, buffer function, and bracket fixing auxiliary function, and is a photovoltaic installation waterproof composite membrane with structural functions.

[0034] 1.2 Core Materials.

[0035] 1.2.1 Core bonding material.

[0036] BR (Butyl Rubber), as the main self-adhesive layer material, features excellent airtightness, strong water resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, long-term flexibility and stability, and high adhesion to metal roofs, making it particularly suitable for corrugated steel tile surfaces. Its main functions include providing long-term adhesion, filling microscopic gaps in the corrugated steel tile, preventing capillary seepage, and absorbing micro-displacements caused by thermal expansion and contraction. MB (Modified Bitumen), as a reinforcing adhesive material, improves initial bond strength, high and low temperature stability, and aging resistance, while reducing material costs and improving engineering applicability. This invention preferentially adopts a BR+MB composite self-adhesive system, which balances flexibility, adhesion, weather resistance, and long-term stability, making it more suitable for the long-term outdoor operation environment of photovoltaic roofs compared to a single asphalt system.

[0037] 1.2.2 Core waterproofing materials.

[0038] SBS modified polymer roofing membrane is preferred. This membrane is characterized by high flexibility, low temperature resistance, fatigue resistance, and adaptability to the deformation of color steel tiles, making it suitable for areas with large temperature differences. APP modified roofing membrane is also preferred. This membrane is characterized by strong high temperature resistance, good UV resistance, and resistance to sun aging, making it suitable for high temperature and high radiation areas.

[0039] In summary, the core material system of this invention can be summarized as a composite structure system of BR / MB self-adhesive sealing layer + SBS / APP waterproof main layer.

[0040] 1.3 "Adaptive" capability.

[0041] Surface Adhesion Capability: Under conditions of corrugated steel tile crest height ≥20 mm, local surface unevenness ≤5 mm, and curved surface bending radius ≥300 mm, the waterproof membrane can still maintain continuous adhesion without curling or significant blistering; Elongation and Deformation Capability: The waterproof membrane has a longitudinal elongation rate ≥300% and a transverse elongation rate ≥250%, meaning that when the corrugated steel tile expands or contracts due to temperature differences, the membrane material can deform synchronously without cracking. Traditional rigid sealants can only withstand small-range displacements, while this invention belongs to a flexible continuous deformation system; Bonding Stability: Under harsh climatic conditions such as temperatures ranging from -30℃ to 80℃, long-term ultraviolet radiation, and wind vibration, this patent can still maintain a bonding strength ≥1.5 N / mm with the corrugated steel tile, without overall delamination or significant cracking; Thermal Expansion and Contraction Adaptability: Corrugated steel tile roofs may experience thermal deformation of 3–10 mm / m in summer and winter, while the BR flexible layer in this invention can absorb displacement stress, buffer metal deformation, and prevent membrane tearing, which is impossible for traditional rigid waterproof structures.

[0042] In summary, the present invention has flexible and continuous bonding capability, with a longitudinal elongation of not less than 300%, and can adapt to the crest and trough structure of color steel tile roofs as well as thermal expansion and contraction deformation, and still maintain a continuous sealing state under the condition that the local unevenness of the roof is ≤5 mm.

[0043] 2. Simplify the installation process and improve installation efficiency.

[0044] The installation process is greatly simplified by using a self-adhesive waterproof membrane. The membrane has self-adhesive properties, so installers only need to apply it directly to the roof surface (see details). Figure 4 Then, the brackets are installed on the membrane. The entire process requires no complicated tools or tedious operations, greatly improving installation speed and saving time and labor costs. No drilling or penetration of the roof surface is required during installation, reducing damage to the roof and avoiding subsequent repairs due to damage to the waterproofing layer during installation.

[0045] The difference from existing technologies: The application of self-adhesive waterproof membrane simplifies the entire installation process, eliminating the need for drilling or nailing, reducing complex operations, lowering construction difficulty, and improving installation efficiency, making it especially suitable for different types of roofs.

[0046] 2.1 Adhesion process.

[0047] The "adhesion" in this invention is not a simple application of ordinary tape, but a waterproof fixing process that forms a continuous surface contact pressure-sensitive bond between the self-adhesive sealing layer and the metal roof. Its core objectives include: achieving seamless bonding between the membrane and the corrugated steel sheet, eliminating air gaps, improving long-term bonding stability, and preventing rainwater penetration.

[0048] 2.1.1 Surface treatment before installation.

[0049] Cleaning. Use non-woven fabric, cotton cloth, or industrial cleaners to remove dust, oil, rust, condensation, and impurities from the roof surface. The presence of dust or oil will reduce the effective contact area of ​​the BR (butyl rubber) self-adhesive layer, affecting long-term adhesion performance. Drying control. The moisture content of the roof substrate must be ≤8%. Construction is prohibited in rainy or condensing conditions. This is because the BR self-adhesive layer is a pressure-sensitive adhesive system; the presence of a water film on the substrate will lead to localized blistering, adhesion failure, and subsequent edge curling. Check for corrugated steel sheets for defects such as corrugated deformation, dents, and rust holes that could affect construction. If the local height difference exceeds 5mm, pre-pressing leveling is required to ensure continuous surface contact of the subsequent membrane material.

[0050] 2.2 Membrane bonding process.

[0051] This invention employs a continuous pasting process of "film removal—positioning—pre-application—compacting—venting".

[0052] Remove the release film. Before construction, gradually remove the PE release film at the bottom of the self-adhesive layer, peeling and applying simultaneously. Do not remove it all at once to avoid contamination of the adhesive layer, dust adhesion, and premature adhesion of the self-adhesive layer; Positioning and application. Position the waterproof membrane in the corrugated steel tile crest area according to the photovoltaic support layout, as this area has strong load-bearing capacity, good drainage performance, and is less prone to water accumulation. The position can be determined by aligning the membrane centerline with the crest centerline; Initial pressing. Construction personnel use rubber rollers for pre-pressing, with a recommended pressure range of 0.2–0.4 MPa. The pressing direction is from the center outwards to both sides to remove air, increase the effective contact area, and prevent air bubble formation; Secondary compaction process. After the initial application, use metal rollers to perform secondary compaction at the trough transition points, edge overlaps, and support stress areas. This promotes a micro-flow filling effect in the BR self-adhesive layer, where the butyl rubber fills the microscopic gaps on the corrugated steel tile surface, forming a continuous sealing interface and a capillary water-resistant layer. This is a key feature that distinguishes this invention from ordinary tape application; Static application. After the film is applied, it needs to be left to stand for about 24 hours. Under the influence of ambient temperature, the BR self-adhesive layer will gradually complete stress release, molecular chain diffusion, and interface wetting. That is, the continuous bonding and curing process of the pressure-sensitive polymer material is not the traditional instant adhesive, and a stable adhesive layer is finally formed.

[0053] 2.3 Mounting bracket process.

[0054] The bracket installation in this invention does not involve directly adhering the bracket to the membrane. Instead, a flexible, insulating, and sealing layer is formed through the waterproof membrane, followed by low-damage fixing installation on the membrane surface. Its core purpose is to avoid directly damaging the original roof, reduce metal-to-metal contact stress, block water seepage paths, and improve the sealing performance of the bracket area. The bracket installation structure includes: a photovoltaic bracket base, a flexible sealing gasket, a self-adhesive waterproof membrane, and a corrugated steel tile base, forming a composite structure of "bracket—flexible layer—waterproof layer—roof".

[0055] 2.3.1 Bracket installation steps.

[0056] 1) Support positioning. Determine the support spacing, longitudinal and transverse directions, and corresponding positions of the crests based on the design load. It is preferable to place the support base at the top of the crest because the crest position has the highest load-bearing capacity, is less prone to water accumulation, and has less structural deformation.

[0057] 2) Flexible gasket installation. A flexible sealing gasket is installed between the support base and the waterproof membrane. EPDM rubber and butyl elastic gaskets are preferred materials. Its main function is to buffer support stress, avoid hard contact, and prevent localized shear damage to the membrane—features not found in traditional rigid installation structures.

[0058] 3) Bracket clamping and fixing. The bracket is clamped using pressure blocks, guide rails, and lightweight clamps. This invention preferably uses a non-penetrating fixing method, meaning it does not penetrate the main waterproof layer of the color steel tile.

[0059] 4) Secondary sealing treatment. After the bracket is fixed, a BR sealing edge layer is formed at the edge of the bracket. Its function is to block the lateral seepage of rainwater, prevent rainwater backflow, and improve long-term sealing performance.

[0060] In summary, this invention adopts an installation system of "flexible isolation + continuous sealing + non-penetrating fixation". It forms continuous surface contact with the color steel tile roof through pressure-sensitive bonding and forms a stable sealing layer through rolling and air venting. The photovoltaic bracket is set on the waterproof membrane through a flexible pad and fixed with a non-penetrating pressing structure, thereby avoiding damage to the original waterproof layer of the roof.

[0061] 3. Enhances waterproof performance and durability.

[0062] The durability and stability of roof waterproofing layers are long-term issues, especially under conditions of sunlight, wind and rain erosion, and temperature fluctuations. Traditional waterproofing materials (such as waterproof coatings and films) often lose their effectiveness due to aging, leading to roof leaks. The self-adhesive waterproof membrane used in this invention is made of highly elastic and weather-resistant polymer materials, possessing excellent resistance to ultraviolet radiation, low temperatures, high temperatures, and acids and alkalis. These materials can withstand extreme weather conditions during long-term roof exposure while maintaining the membrane's waterproofing performance. Even under strong ultraviolet radiation, extreme high or low temperatures, it can continuously and stably protect the roof waterproofing layer from damage. Furthermore, this membrane has self-healing properties; when the membrane material suffers minor damage or deformation, it can automatically repair cracks within a period of time, ensuring that the waterproofing effect remains unchanged.

[0063] As shown in Table 2: Table 2

[0064] The key difference from existing technologies lies in the use of a high-performance self-adhesive membrane with self-healing properties, high temperature resistance, and UV resistance, ensuring that the membrane's waterproof performance does not diminish over long-term use. The membrane's weather resistance allows it to operate for extended periods in various weather conditions, significantly extending the lifespan of the photovoltaic system.

[0065] 4. Highly adaptable and suitable for various roof types.

[0066] Corrugated steel roofing is a common type of roof used in many photovoltaic power plants. Its surface is typically flat and has some elasticity, but also some corrugation. Other types of roofs, such as concrete and asphalt shingles, have different surface shapes and material properties. Traditional photovoltaic bracket installation techniques may not be effective for these roofs, requiring different bracket installation schemes for different types of roofs. The self-adhesive waterproof membrane of this invention possesses excellent flexibility and can adapt to the shape of different roof surfaces. Whether it's a flat roof, a corrugated roof, or other irregular roofs, this membrane can adhere completely, ensuring that the photovoltaic brackets are firmly fixed to the roof while maintaining the integrity of the waterproof layer. Through this design, the membrane's self-adhesion and elasticity ensure its use in various environments and with different roofing materials, demonstrating strong adaptability.

[0067] The difference from existing technologies: self-adhesive waterproof membranes are highly adaptable and can adapt to various roof surfaces, including irregular surfaces or roofs of different materials, without the need for special adjustments or customization, thus simplifying the application range of the product.

[0068] 4.1 Detailed description of the installation of color steel tile roof.

[0069] Corrugated steel roofing tiles have distinct corrugated structure, significant thermal expansion and contraction, smooth surface, rapid metal heat conduction, and are prone to condensation. Therefore, traditional drilling installation methods easily lead to damage to the waterproof layer, bolt leaks, and thermal deformation cracking. This invention employs a "corrugated adhesion + flexible compaction + non-penetrating fixing" method. Specific installation steps are detailed in paragraph 2 above, "Simplifying the Installation Process and Improving Installation Efficiency," and will not be repeated here.

[0070] 4.2 Detailed description of concrete roof installation.

[0071] Concrete roofs are characterized by their rough surface, capillary structure, susceptibility to localized cracking, low thermal deformation, and high load-bearing capacity. Traditional installation methods using ordinary adhesive films often fail to achieve adequate adhesion to such rough surfaces. This invention employs a "bottom-layer penetration bonding + overall surface application" method, utilizing the flexible flow properties of the BR self-adhesive layer to fill the micropores of the concrete and form a continuous sealing layer. The specific installation steps are as follows: Surface treatment. First, clean off loose dust, repair cracks, and level the surface; local unevenness should be ≤5 mm. Primer treatment (optional). For highly absorbent concrete, a pre-applied primer can improve adhesion stability. Membrane laying. Use a full-width laying method, with an overlap width ≥80 mm, and compact multiple times with rollers. Support installation. Counterweight supports, ballast supports, and lightweight guide rails are preferred to reduce damage to the substrate.

[0072] 4.3 Detailed description of asphalt shingle roof installation.

[0073] Asphalt shingle roofs are characterized by their granular surface, high flexibility, moderate high-temperature resistance, and susceptibility to deformation under localized stress. Traditional metal supports can easily damage the shingles, creating leak points. This invention employs a "flexible isolation + low-pressure attachment" method to avoid localized hard contact. The specific installation steps are as follows: Temperature control. The construction temperature should be between 10℃ and 35℃ to avoid embrittlement of the asphalt layer under low-temperature conditions; Membrane material laying. Use low-pressure rolling to avoid localized concentrated pressure; Flexible cushioning layer installation. Install EPDM rubber pads and butyl buffer pads at the bottom of the support to reduce localized compressive stress; Support selection. Lightweight aluminum alloy supports and low-load support systems are preferred to reduce the risk of roof deformation.

[0074] 4.4 Detailed description of installation on irregular roofs.

[0075] This type of roof includes arched roofs, curved metal roofs, partially undulating roofs, and old, deformed roofs. Traditional rigid waterproofing materials are difficult to apply continuously, easily leading to hollow areas, curling edges, and stress concentration. This invention utilizes the high ductility of BR and the flexible deformation capability of SBS to form a flexible, continuous application system. Specific installation steps are as follows: Segmented installation. For areas with significant curvature, segmented installation is recommended, with each segment ideally ≤2 m in length; hot air-assisted bonding (optional). Hot air can be used to soften and improve adhesion under low-temperature or complex curved surface conditions; multi-directional compaction. Multiple rolling along the curvature or corrugation direction prevents localized air pockets; flexible support connections. Adjustable connectors and flexible guide rail systems are preferred to reduce structural stress.

[0076] In summary, the present invention can maintain continuous waterproofing even after adapting to curved surface deformation, local settlement, and micro-displacement of the roof.

[0077] The method of this invention effectively solves the problems of leakage, poor durability of additional waterproof layer and low installation efficiency caused by existing drilling installation. It realizes non-destructive and integrated installation from base surface treatment, membrane bonding, pressing and layering to bracket fixing, which significantly improves the waterproof reliability, long-term weather resistance and installation efficiency of photovoltaic bracket system, and enhances the adaptability and engineering practical value of the method under various working conditions such as color steel tile, concrete, asphalt shingle and irregular roof.

[0078] To achieve the above invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also provides an installation device 10 for a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane, the device 10 comprising: The base surface treatment unit 100 is used to clean, dry and flatten the roof base layer so that the roof moisture content and local unevenness are lower than the preset threshold, thus obtaining the surface to be attached.

[0079] The membrane application unit 200 is used to provide a composite waterproof membrane with an upper waterproof main layer and a lower self-adhesive sealing layer. The lower self-adhesive sealing layer is made of butyl rubber and modified bitumen composite adhesive material. The release film on its lower surface is gradually removed, and the membrane is positioned and adhered to the surface to be applied.

[0080] The pressing and solidifying unit 300 is used to press and vent the membrane material with a pressure roller, so that the self-adhesive sealing layer has a micro-flow filling effect, filling the micro gaps in the roof to form a capillary water-blocking layer, and then being left to stand for 24 hours to cure, to obtain a stable sealing layer with no air bubbles and continuous surface contact between the membrane material and the roof.

[0081] The padding unit 400 is used to lay a flexible sealing pad on the upper surface of the stable sealing layer corresponding to the position of the support base to form a buffer isolation interface.

[0082] The bracket fixing unit 500 is used to press and fix the photovoltaic bracket to the flexible sealing gasket layer using a non-penetrating compression structure, and to form a sealing edge layer at the edge of the bracket; wherein the non-penetrating compression structure does not penetrate the self-adhesive waterproof membrane and the roof base layer, and the sealing edge layer is used to block the lateral seepage of rainwater.

[0083] The device of this invention effectively solves the problems of easy damage to the waterproof layer, poor durability of the additional waterproof layer, and low installation efficiency in the prior art. It realizes the integrated operation of the entire process from substrate treatment, membrane material attachment, pressing and layering, padding and fixing to bracket fixation, which significantly improves the waterproof reliability, installation convenience and engineering applicability of photovoltaic bracket system.

[0084] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0085] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

Claims

1. A method for installing a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane, characterized in that, include: The roof substrate is cleaned, dried, and leveled to ensure that the roof moisture content and local unevenness are below the preset threshold, thus obtaining the surface to be attached. A composite waterproof membrane with an upper waterproof main layer and a lower self-adhesive sealing layer is provided. The lower self-adhesive sealing layer is made of butyl rubber and modified bitumen composite adhesive material. The release film on its lower surface is gradually removed, and the membrane material is positioned and adhered to the surface to be attached. The membrane material is pressed and vented by a pressure roller, which causes a micro-flow filling effect in the self-adhesive sealing layer, filling the micro gaps in the roof to form a capillary water-blocking layer. After being left to stand for 24 hours to cure, a stable sealing layer with no air bubbles and continuous surface contact between the membrane material and the roof is obtained. A flexible sealing pad is laid on the upper surface of the stable sealing layer at the position corresponding to the support base to form a buffer isolation interface; A non-penetrating compression structure is used to press and fix the photovoltaic bracket on top of the flexible sealing gasket, and a sealing edge layer is formed at the edge of the bracket; the non-penetrating compression structure does not penetrate the self-adhesive waterproof membrane and the roof base layer, and the sealing edge layer is used to block the lateral seepage of rainwater.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roof substrate needs to be cleaned, dried, and leveled, including: Remove dust, oil, rust, and impurities from the roof surface to obtain a clean roof surface; After cleaning, the moisture content of the roof surface is tested. If it is higher than 8%, drying treatment is carried out until the moisture content is ≤8% to obtain a dry roof surface. After drying, check the local unevenness of the roof surface. If it is higher than 5mm, perform pre-pressure leveling treatment until the unevenness is ≤5mm, so as to obtain a surface that meets the bonding requirements.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper waterproof layer of the composite waterproof membrane is made of at least one of SBS modified polymer waterproof membrane, APP modified polymer waterproof membrane, TPO or EPDM polymer weather-resistant membrane, with a thickness of 1.2 to 2.0 mm; the lower self-adhesive sealing layer has a thickness of 0.8 to 1.5 mm, wherein the mass ratio of butyl rubber to modified bitumen is 60% to 80% butyl rubber and 20% to 40% modified bitumen.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The film material is pressed and degassed using pressure rollers, including: A rubber roller is used to roll the membrane material from the middle to both sides with a pressure of 0.2 to 0.4 MPa to initially press it, expel the air between the membrane material and the roof, and obtain a pre-pressed state; For the troughs and transitions of the roof, the overlapping areas of the membrane material edges, and the pre-set stress areas of the supports, a metal roller is used for secondary compaction, which causes the self-adhesive sealing layer to have a micro-flow filling effect, resulting in a dense and tight fit.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process by which the self-adhesive sealing layer undergoes a micro-flow filling effect to fill the micro-gaps in the roof and form a capillary water-resistant layer is as follows: The compressive stress applied during the secondary compaction process causes the butyl rubber modified asphalt composite adhesive to produce viscous flow. The corresponding flow material fills the microscopic gaps on the roof surface with a width of less than 0.5 mm and a depth of less than 0.3 mm under pressure, forming a continuous and gapless capillary water-blocking interface.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, During the 24-hour curing process, the ambient temperature is 5℃~40℃ and the relative humidity is ≤85%. Under these conditions, the self-adhesive sealing layer completes stress release, molecular chain diffusion and interface wetting, forming a stable sealing layer with an adhesion strength ≥1.5N / mm.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flexible sealing gasket is made of EPDM rubber or butyl elastic gasket, with a thickness of 1.0–2.0 mm; the laying of the flexible sealing gasket includes: Based on the coordinates of the support base position corresponding to the upper surface of the stable sealing layer, a flexible sealing pad that matches the shape of the bottom surface of the support base is cut to obtain a pad sheet with a suitable size. The padding sheet is attached to the support base on the upper surface of the stabilizing sealing layer and gently pressed to make it adhere, forming a buffer isolation interface.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A non-penetrating compression structure is used to press and fix the photovoltaic bracket onto the flexible sealing gasket layer, including: Place the photovoltaic bracket base on top of the flexible sealing gasket layer, and select pressure blocks, guide rails or lightweight clamps as non-through clamping structures; Place the selected clamping component above the bracket base and apply a clamping force perpendicular to the roof surface to make the bracket base in close contact with the flexible sealing gasket layer. The corresponding clamping component does not penetrate the self-adhesive waterproof membrane and the roof base layer, thus achieving the initial fixed state of the bracket. Check the tightness of the clamping components to ensure there is no relative displacement between the bracket base and the flexible sealing gasket, thus obtaining the final state of bracket fixation.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing edging layer is formed at the edge of the support, including: Butyl rubber sealing strips are continuously laid along the junction of the fixed photovoltaic support edge and the upper surface of the stable sealing layer; Applying a pressure of 0.1 to 0.2 MPa causes the rubber strip to adhere tightly to both sides of the surface, forming a sealing edge layer with a width of 20 to 50 mm and a thickness of 1.0 to 1.5 mm, which is used to prevent rainwater from seeping laterally along the edge of the bracket to the bottom of the stable sealing layer.

10. An installation device for a self-adhesive photovoltaic bracket waterproof membrane, characterized in that, include: The base surface treatment unit is used to clean, dry and flatten the roof base layer, so that the roof moisture content and local unevenness are lower than the preset threshold, and obtain the surface to be attached. The membrane application unit is used to provide a composite waterproof membrane with an upper waterproof main layer and a lower self-adhesive sealing layer. The lower self-adhesive sealing layer is made of butyl rubber and modified bitumen composite adhesive material. The release film on its lower surface is gradually removed, and the membrane is positioned and applied to the surface to be applied. The pressing and solidification unit is used to press and vent the membrane material with a pressure roller, so that the self-adhesive sealing layer has a micro-flow filling effect, filling the micro gaps in the roof to form a capillary water-blocking layer. After being left to stand for 24 hours to cure, a stable sealing layer with no air bubbles and continuous surface contact between the membrane material and the roof is obtained. The padding unit is used to lay a flexible sealing padding layer on the upper surface of the stable sealing layer at the position corresponding to the support base to form a buffer isolation interface; The bracket fixing unit is used to press and fix the photovoltaic bracket to the flexible sealing gasket layer using a non-penetrating compression structure, and to form a sealing edge layer at the edge of the bracket; wherein the non-penetrating compression structure does not penetrate the self-adhesive waterproof membrane and the roof base layer, and the sealing edge layer is used to block the lateral seepage of rainwater.

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