A method and device for determining source rock generation and expulsion kinetics parameters by means of double-pressure precise control and curtain hydrocarbon expulsion simulation

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of double pressure precise control and curtain hydrocarbon expulsion simulation source rock generation-expulsion kinetics parameter determination method and device, comprising: collecting target horizon source rock sample;According to the burial history of target horizon, thermal history and pressure evolution history data, set the evolution path of static rock pressure and fluid pressure;According to the fracture pressure and sealing capacity of target horizon source rock, set curtain hydrocarbon expulsion parameter;Based on the evolution path of static rock pressure and fluid pressure, and curtain hydrocarbon expulsion parameter, target horizon source rock sample is carried out stepwise temperature heating autoclave simulation experiment, obtains kinetics parameter;Based on kinetics parameter, generate source rock generation-expulsion kinetics parameter evaluation report.The present application realizes the independent accurate control of static rock pressure and fluid pressure, truly simulates the curtain hydrocarbon expulsion process under geological conditions, significantly improves the determination precision of generation-expulsion kinetics parameter, provides reliable technical support for deep-ultra deep and unconventional shale oil and gas resource evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of experimental research technology in petroleum and natural gas geology and geochemistry, and in particular to a method and apparatus for determining source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters using precise dual-pressure control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion kinetic parameters of source rocks are key input parameters for oil and gas resource evaluation and basin simulation. The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks is a complex physicochemical process occurring under formation temperature and pressure conditions. Accurately reproducing the temperature and pressure environment and hydrocarbon expulsion methods under geological conditions is a prerequisite for obtaining accurate kinetic parameters. Under geological conditions, source rocks simultaneously bear two independent but interrelated pressures: static rock pressure, which is the vertical compaction stress generated by the weight of the overlying strata and increases with burial depth; and fluid pressure, which is the internal pressure generated by fluids (water, oil, and gas) within the pore space of the source rock, its magnitude being influenced by factors such as hydrocarbon generation pressurization, compaction drainage, and tectonic stress. These two pressures jointly control the hydrocarbon generation reaction rate and hydrocarbon expulsion behavior of source rocks, but their mechanisms of action and control methods are distinctly different. According to the episodic hydrocarbon expulsion theory, during the continuous subsidence of source rocks, as burial depth increases, the static rock pressure of the overlying strata increases, and the accumulation of internal oil and gas leads to a continuous increase in fluid pressure. When the fluid pressure reaches the fracture pressure threshold of the source rock, microcracks are generated inside the source rock, forming an overpressure fluid release channel, and hydrocarbon fluid is discharged from the source rock; as the fluid is released, the pore pressure decreases, the microcracks close, and one hydrocarbon discharge ends. After that, the hydrocarbon generation process continues, the fluid pressure accumulates again, and hydrocarbons are discharged again after reaching the fracture threshold, and so on, until the hydrocarbon generation capacity is exhausted. The existing thermal simulation experimental devices and technical methods have the following technical defects: (1) Single pressure control mode: Most existing devices adopt a single pressure control mode, which simply binds the static rock pressure and the fluid pressure, and cannot independently adjust and accurately control the two pressures. The hydrocarbon generation reaction of the source rock is carried out under high static rock pressure and fluid pressure in its limited pore space. At present, most hydrocarbon generation and discharge simulation experiments are carried out under single pressure conditions, which is quite different from the actual geological conditions. (2) The hydrocarbon discharge mode does not conform to the geological process: The hydrocarbon discharge collection mode of the existing devices is mostly continuous open hydrocarbon discharge, that is, the hydrocarbon discharge valve is always kept open during the thermal simulation process, and the oil and gas products are continuously discharged. This method cannot simulate the intermittent, pulsed hydrocarbon expulsion process of source rocks under geological conditions, which involves abnormal high pressure accumulation, microcrack opening, fluid release, pressure drop, and crack closure. (3) Disconnection between kinetic parameter measurement and pressure conditions: Traditional kinetic parameters are mostly measured under normal pressure or single pressure conditions, neglecting the pressure effect correction for activation energy and frequency factors. Studies have shown that under precise dual-pressure control, the hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of shale during the peak oil generation period is 30-45%, far lower than the more than 80% obtained from previous thermal simulation experiments, indicating that pressure conditions have a significant impact on kinetic parameters. Therefore, developing a method and supporting device that can obtain source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters through curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation under independent precise dual-pressure control has important scientific significance and engineering application value. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for determining the kinetic parameters of source rock generation and expulsion in a precise dual-pressure control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that it is impossible to independently and accurately control static rock pressure and fluid pressure, impossible to simulate curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion process, and that the determination of kinetic parameters is disconnected from pressure conditions.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A method for determining source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters using precise dual-pressure control and episodic hydrocarbon expulsion simulation includes: Collect hydrocarbon source rock samples from the target strata; Based on the burial history, thermal history, and pressure evolution history data of the target strata, the evolution paths of static rock pressure and fluid pressure are determined; Based on the fracturing pressure and storage capacity of the target stratum source rock, set the parameters for the curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion. Based on the evolution paths of the static rock pressure and fluid pressure, as well as the episodic hydrocarbon expulsion parameters, a stepped heating thermo-pressure simulation experiment was conducted on the source rock sample of the target stratum to obtain kinetic parameters; wherein, the kinetic parameters include: the activation energy distribution and frequency factor of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion. Based on the aforementioned kinetic parameters, an evaluation report on the kinetic parameters of hydrocarbon source rock generation and expulsion is generated.

[0005] Optionally, the collection of source rock samples from the target strata includes: The target stratigraphic source rock sample was pretreated to prepare experimental samples, and the basic geochemical parameters of the samples were recorded. The pretreatment included crushing, grinding, and homogenization. The basic geochemical parameters included total organic carbon content, vitrinite reflectance, and rock pyrolysis parameters.

[0006] Optionally, the static rock pressure is calculated based on the burial depth and the density of the overlying strata, and the fluid pressure is set based on the evolution of pore pressure.

[0007] Optionally, the curtain-style hydrocarbon removal parameters include: hydrocarbon removal start pressure and hydrocarbon removal termination pressure; When the fluid pressure inside the reactor reaches the hydrocarbon discharge start pressure, the hydrocarbon discharge valve opens automatically; when the fluid pressure drops to the hydrocarbon discharge termination pressure, the hydrocarbon discharge valve closes automatically, completing one cycle of hydrocarbon discharge.

[0008] Optionally, the step-heating hot-pressing simulation experiment includes: The experimental sample was loaded into the reaction vessel, and several different heating rates were set to conduct step-heating hot-pressing simulation experiments. Each group of experiments was conducted at different heating rates, and the yield of hydrocarbon generation products and the yield of hydrocarbon expulsion products were recorded at each temperature stage. At each hydrocarbon expulsion event, the expelled oil and gas products were collected, and the number of hydrocarbon expulsion events, the duration of each expulsion, the yield and composition of the hydrocarbon products were recorded. Gas and liquid hydrocarbons were collected separately, and the product components were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

[0009] Optionally, obtaining the dynamic parameters includes: Based on the product yield-temperature data obtained at different heating rates in the experiment, the activation energy distribution E of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion was calculated using the kinetic inversion method. a In addition to the frequency factor, a pressure influence factor γ is introduced to modify the Arrhenius equation; wherein, the kinetic inversion method is based on the quantitative relationship between the chemical reaction rate described by the Arrhenius equation and temperature and activation energy as the theoretical model.

[0010] A device for measuring hydrocarbon source rock generation-exhaustion kinetic parameters for implementing the method with dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon exhaustion simulation, the device comprising: The hydrocarbon generation reaction system is used to conduct a stepped heating and hot-pressing simulation experiment on hydrocarbon source rock samples from the target stratum. An independent dual-pressure control system is used to set and control static rock pressure and fluid pressure for simulation experiments; A curtain-style hydrocarbon removal control system is used to automatically control the curtain-style hydrocarbon removal process according to a set pressure threshold. The product collection and analysis system is used to collect the product yield and analyze the component composition of the simulation experiment. The data acquisition and control system is electrically connected to each system and is used to acquire data in real time, control the curtain-style hydrocarbon removal operation, automatically record hydrocarbon removal event data, and calculate hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon removal kinetic parameters.

[0011] Optionally, the hydrocarbon generation reaction system includes: Reactor: The reactor adopts an axial self-tightening sealing structure. The reactor includes a vessel body, a vessel cover, a sealing gasket, and clamping bolts. The sample chamber of the vessel body is a cylindrical cavity, and the vessel body is made of a corrosion-resistant alloy. Heating unit: The furnace adopts a tubular resistance heating furnace with graded PID temperature control, and the furnace body is divided into three independent heating sections: upper, middle and lower. Temperature and pressure control unit: includes industrial computer, K-type thermocouple, pressure sensor and data acquisition card.

[0012] Optionally, the independent dual-pressure control system includes: The static rock pressure control subsystem includes a hydraulic station, a double-acting piston, and a servo control unit. The hydraulic station provides hydraulic oil pressure, the double-acting piston transmits pressure to the upper surface of the sample inside the reactor via a piston rod to achieve axial static rock pressure loading on the sample, and the servo control unit is linked with the temperature and pressure control unit. Fluid pressure control subsystem: includes a high-pressure pumping unit, a fluid storage tank, and a pressure sensor; wherein, the high-pressure pump and the fluid storage tank are used to control the pore fluid pressure by injecting deionized water or simulated formation water into the reactor, and the fluid pressure is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor installed at the fluid inlet of the reactor.

[0013] Optionally, the curtain-style hydrocarbon removal control system includes: Dual-valve alternating structure: includes an inlet valve and a drain valve. Both valves are pneumatic high-temperature and high-pressure valves. The inlet valve is connected to the reactor outlet, and the drain valve is connected to the product collection system. Capacity buffer tube: installed between the inlet valve and the outlet valve to buffer the pressure surge during hydrocarbon discharge and ensure a smooth hydrocarbon discharge process.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Dual-pressure independent and precise control: This invention realizes the independent setting and precise control of static rock pressure and fluid pressure, with a pressure control accuracy of ±0.1MPa. It can realistically simulate the complex dynamic coupling relationship of the two pressures under geological conditions, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies that simply bind the two together.

[0015] Episodic hydrocarbon expulsion geological simulation: This invention is based on automatic intermittent hydrocarbon expulsion control with pressure threshold, which can reproduce the complete episodic hydrocarbon expulsion process of source rock due to abnormal high pressure accumulation - microcrack opening - fluid release - pressure drop - crack closure. The hydrocarbon expulsion method is more in line with geological reality.

[0016] Improved accuracy of kinetic parameters: This invention measures hydrocarbon generation and expulsion kinetic parameters under dual-pressure curtain conditions. By introducing a pressure influence factor to modify the Arrhenius equation, the obtained activation energy distribution and frequency factor can more accurately reflect hydrocarbon generation and expulsion behavior under geological conditions, which can significantly improve the accuracy of oil and gas resource evaluation.

[0017] High degree of automation: This invention achieves independent dual-pressure regulation, automatic control of curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion, and automatic processing of analytical data through data acquisition and control unit, which greatly improves experimental efficiency and reduces human error.

[0018] High applicability: This invention is applicable to various types of source rocks such as mudstone, shale, carbonate rocks and coal, and meets the needs of dynamic parameter measurement under different geological conditions. It has broad application prospects in the research fields of deep to ultra-deep layers and unconventional shale oil and gas. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the recording of hydrocarbon emission events in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the technical method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a physical image of the dual-pressure precision control thermal simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the growth trend of the hydrocarbon expulsion curve and the hydrocarbon generation curve in an embodiment of the present invention; The components include: 1. Hydrocarbon generation reaction system; 1.1. Clamping bolts; 1.2. Reactor lid; 1.3. Sealing gasket; 1.4. Reactor body; 1.5. Sample chamber; 2. Heating unit; 2.1. Upper heating section; 2.2. Middle heating section; 2.3. Lower heating section; 3. Temperature and pressure control unit; 3.1. Industrial computer; 3.2. K-type thermocouple; 3.3. Pressure sensor; 3.4. Data acquisition card. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a method for determining hydrocarbon source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and episodic hydrocarbon expulsion simulation, which mainly includes: Collect hydrocarbon source rock samples from the target strata; Based on the burial history, thermal history, and pressure evolution history data of the target strata, the evolution paths of static rock pressure and fluid pressure are determined; Based on the fracturing pressure and storage capacity of the target stratum source rock, set the parameters for the curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion. Based on the evolution paths of the static rock pressure and fluid pressure, as well as the episodic hydrocarbon expulsion parameters, a stepped heating thermo-pressure simulation experiment was conducted on the source rock sample of the target stratum to obtain kinetic parameters; wherein, the kinetic parameters include: the activation energy distribution and frequency factor of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion. Based on the aforementioned kinetic parameters, an evaluation report on the kinetic parameters of hydrocarbon source rock generation and expulsion is generated.

[0024] Specifically, in this embodiment, a method for determining source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation includes: Step 1: Sample Collection and Pretreatment. Collect source rock samples from the target strata, and prepare experimental samples after crushing, grinding, and homogenization. Record the basic geochemical parameters of the samples (including total organic carbon content (TOC), vitrinite reflectance (Ro), rock pyrolysis parameters S1, S2, and Tmax, etc.).

[0025] Step Two: Set Dual-Pressure Control Parameters. Based on the burial history, thermal history, and pressure evolution history data of the target stratum, set the static rock pressure (P0) separately. lith ) and fluid pressure (P) fluid The evolutionary path of P. lith Based on the burial depth and the density of the overlying strata, the pressure control accuracy is ±0.1 MPa; P fluid The pressure control accuracy is ±0.1 MPa, based on the evolution of pore pressure. The two pressures are controlled independently, and their coupling relationship can be flexibly set according to geological conditions.

[0026] Step 3: Set the parameters for the initial hydrocarbon expulsion. Based on the fracturing pressure and storage capacity of the target stratum's source rock, set the pressure threshold parameters for the initial hydrocarbon expulsion: hydrocarbon expulsion initiation pressure (P... exp-start (upper limit) and hydrocarbon discharge termination pressure (P) exp-end (Lower limit value). When the fluid pressure inside the reactor reaches P exp-start The hydrocarbon discharge valve opens automatically when the fluid pressure drops to P. exp-end When the time comes, the hydrocarbon discharge valve will automatically close, completing one cycle of hydrocarbon discharge.

[0027] Step 4: Simulation Experiment of Hydrocarbon Generation and Expulsion at Multiple Heating Rates. Load the experimental sample into the reactor and set at least three different heating rates (e.g., 1℃ / min, 2℃ / min, 5℃ / min) to conduct step-by-step heating and thermo-pressurization simulation experiments. Each experiment is conducted at different heating rates, and the yields of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion products are recorded at each temperature stage.

[0028] Step 5: Collection and Quantification of Hydrocarbon Expulsion Products. At each hydrocarbon expulsion event, the expelled oil and gas products are automatically collected, and the number of expulsion events, the duration of each expulsion, the yield of the expulsion products, and their composition are recorded. Gas and liquid hydrocarbons are collected separately using a multi-stage condenser, and the product components are analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

[0029] Among these, the data recorded and collected during the episodic hydrocarbon expulsion events are the core basis connecting experimental simulation and final evaluation results in the entire technical scheme. Their use runs through the entire process of kinetic parameter calculation, hydrocarbon expulsion characteristic evaluation, and model reliability verification. ① Product yield and production data are first directly used to obtain hydrocarbon generation kinetic parameters. The oil and gas product yield collected during each episodic hydrocarbon expulsion is added to the residual hydrocarbon amount in the sample after the experiment to obtain the cumulative hydrocarbon generation amount at each temperature stage. Then, the key hydrocarbon generation conversion rate is calculated using the formula X(T)=Q(T) / Q_max. Combining at least three sets of conversion-temperature data at different heating rates, the activation energy distribution and frequency factor of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion can be solved using the kinetic inversion method. In this process, the difference in product yield under different pressure conditions is also used to calibrate the pressure influence factor γ and pressure coupling coefficient α, thereby correcting the classical Arrhenius equation for pressure effects, making the obtained kinetic parameters more reflective of the actual geological conditions. ② Recorded data such as the number of events, duration, and production. By summarizing all hydrocarbon expulsion events, the cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion amount can be calculated, leading to intuitive indicators such as curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency (cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion amount / total hydrocarbon generation), curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion frequency (total number of times / total duration), and average single-event hydrocarbon expulsion amount. For example, in the Ordos Basin case study, the patent utilized these records to analyze that the hydrocarbon expulsion frequency reached a maximum of 2.5 times / hour during the peak oil generation period, and the average single-event hydrocarbon expulsion amount also reached its peak during this stage, thus precisely depicting the dynamic law of hydrocarbon expulsion. ③ Component analysis data of hydrocarbon expulsion products. By using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze the composition of each expulsion of gas and liquid hydrocarbons, the hydrocarbon expulsion events in the experiment can be accurately correlated with the maturity stages such as the geological oil generation window and the moisture window, ensuring that the hydrocarbon generation history revealed by the kinetic inversion is reasonable and reliable. At the same time, the initial sample amount, cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion amount, residual hydrocarbon amount, and residue amount constitute a complete mass conservation process, which is an important basis for verifying the validity of experimental data and constraining the accuracy of the kinetic model. These data collectively support the core beneficial effect of this embodiment: "significantly improving the accuracy of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion kinetic parameter measurement".

[0030] Step Six: Kinetic Parameter Calculation. Based on product yield-temperature data obtained at different heating rates, the activation energy distribution E of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion is calculated using a kinetic inversion method. a And the frequency factor A. Simultaneously, the pressure influence factor γ is introduced to modify the traditional Arrhenius equation, and the calculation formula is as follows: k=A·exp[-E a / (R·T)]·f(P lith ,P fluid ) Where, f(P) lith ,P fluid ) is the pressure influence function, specifically in the form of: f(P lith ,P fluid )=1+α·(P lith ,P fluid ) / P lith In the formula, α is the pressure coupling coefficient, which ranges from 0.1 to 1.0 and is calibrated experimentally.

[0031] Product yield data are derived from the complete collection and recording of expelled and residual hydrocarbons in experimental step five. First, using a curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion control system, the product collection and analysis system automatically records the yield of each expulsion event, summarizing the results to obtain the cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion amount for the entire experimental process. After the experiment, the amount of residual hydrocarbons remaining in the sample within the reactor is extracted and measured. Adding the cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion amount to the residual hydrocarbon amount at the same temperature stage yields the cumulative hydrocarbon generation amount at that temperature. This hydrocarbon generation amount is normalized by parameters such as the total organic carbon of the sample, or compared with the final total hydrocarbon generation amount, thus constituting the "product yield" used for kinetic calculations, typically expressed as hydrocarbon generation conversion rate X(T).

[0032] Temperature data is directly derived from the temperature and pressure control unit in the hydrocarbon generation reaction system. During the stepped heating and thermo-pressure simulation experiment, sensors such as K-type thermocouples monitor and record the precise temperature values ​​inside the reactor in real time. These temperature points correspond one-to-one with the calculated product yields over time, thus forming a "yield-temperature" data pair.

[0033] The kinetic inversion method uses the quantitative relationship between chemical reaction rate and temperature and activation energy, described by the Arrhenius equation, as its theoretical model. The formula k = A·exp[-Ea / (R·T)] serves as a bridge connecting the experimentally obtained "product yield-temperature data" with the kinetic parameters to be determined. By using hydrocarbon generation conversion curves obtained at multiple sets of different heating rates, the inversion algorithm can work backwards to find the Ea and A values ​​that best fit these experimental data.

[0034] The specific calculation steps of the dynamic inversion method are as follows: (1) Conversion rate calculation The cumulative hydrocarbon generation at each temperature stage is added to the amount of residual hydrocarbons in the sample after the experiment to obtain the cumulative hydrocarbon generation at that temperature, Q(T). Then, the cumulative hydrocarbon generation is divided by the final total hydrocarbon generation, Q_max, to obtain the hydrocarbon generation conversion rate X(T) = Q(T) / Q_max.

[0035] (2) Constructing the modified Arrhenius reaction rate equation Assuming the hydrocarbon generation reaction is a first-order reaction, the relationship between the reaction rate constant k and temperature T, activation energy Ea, frequency factor A, and pressure conditions is as follows: k=A·exp[-Ea / (R·T)]·f(Plith,Pfluid) Where f(Plith,Pfluid) = 1 + α·(Plith - Pfluid) / Plith, α is the pressure coupling coefficient. Then the rate of change of hydrocarbon generation conversion with time is: dX / dt = k·(1-X).

[0036] (3) Fitting multiple heating rate data Conversion-temperature data (or conversion-time data) obtained at least three sets of different heating rates (e.g., 1℃ / min, 2℃ / min, 5℃ / min) are simultaneously input into the inversion model. For each set of experiments, the heating process is numerically integrated according to the above rate equation to obtain the conversion curve predicted by the model.

[0037] (4) Inversion solution for activation energy distribution The Kinetics inversion algorithm (such as nonlinear least squares method, genetic algorithm, or professional Kinetics software) is used to minimize the sum of squared residuals between the conversion rate curve predicted by the model and the experimentally measured conversion rate curve as the objective function. This inversion method solves for the discrete activation energy Ea_i, its corresponding frequency factor A_i, and weighting coefficients. Typically, the activation energy ranges from 150 to 300 kJ / mol, discretized at intervals of 5 to 10 kJ / mol.

[0038] (5) Output dynamic parameters The inversion results are output as a histogram or continuous curve of activation energy distribution, along with the logarithm of the frequency factor (lgA) and the average activation energy. These parameters characterize the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion kinetics of the source rock under dual-pressure curtain expulsion conditions.

[0039] Step 7: Evaluation Parameter Output. Calculate and output the following evaluation parameters: activation energy distribution curve, frequency factor, hydrocarbon generation conversion rate-temperature / time relationship, curtain-type hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency, curtain-type hydrocarbon expulsion frequency, and average single-time hydrocarbon expulsion amount, forming a hydrocarbon source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameter evaluation report.

[0040] This embodiment also proposes a device for determining hydrocarbon source rock generation-exhaustion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation. The device includes: The hydrocarbon generation reaction system is used to conduct a stepped heating and hot-pressing simulation experiment on hydrocarbon source rock samples from the target stratum. An independent dual-pressure control system is used to set and control static rock pressure and fluid pressure for simulation experiments; A curtain-style hydrocarbon removal control system is used to automatically control the curtain-style hydrocarbon removal process according to a set pressure threshold. The product collection and analysis system is used to collect the product yield and analyze the component composition of the simulation experiment. The data acquisition and control system is electrically connected to each system and is used to acquire data in real time, control the curtain-style hydrocarbon removal operation, automatically record hydrocarbon removal event data, and calculate hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon removal kinetic parameters.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the device includes: Hydrocarbon generation reaction system. Includes a high-temperature, high-pressure reactor, a heating unit, and a temperature and pressure control unit. The reactor employs an axially self-tightening sealing structure, with an inner diameter of 25-50 mm, a height of 100-200 mm, a maximum pressure capacity of 200 MPa, and a maximum temperature resistance of 600℃. The heating unit uses a staged PID temperature-controlled resistance heater with a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃.

[0042] An independent dual-pressure control system is implemented, comprising a static rock pressure control subsystem and a fluid pressure control subsystem. The static rock pressure control subsystem includes a hydraulic station and a double-acting piston, which applies axial static rock pressure to the sample within the reactor via the hydraulic piston, with a pressure control range of 0–200 MPa and a control accuracy of ±0.1 MPa. The fluid pressure control subsystem includes a high-pressure pumping unit and a pressure sensor, which controls the pore fluid pressure by injecting a fluid medium (water or oil) into the reactor, with a pressure control range of 0–100 MPa and a control accuracy of ±0.1 MPa.

[0043] A curtain-type hydrocarbon discharge control unit. It includes a dual-valve alternating structure and a capacity buffer tube. The dual-valve alternating structure consists of an inlet valve and a outlet valve, located between the reactor and the product collection system. The capacity buffer tube is positioned between the two valves to mitigate pressure surges. This unit allows for arbitrary setting of the upper limit (P_exp_start) and lower limit (P_exp_end) of the hydrocarbon discharge pressure. Hydrocarbon discharge automatically begins when the fluid pressure inside the reactor reaches the upper limit and automatically shuts off when it drops to the lower limit, with a pressure control accuracy of ±0.1 MPa.

[0044] Product collection and analysis system. Includes a multi-stage condenser trap, a gas collection unit, and a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis unit. The multi-stage condenser trap employs a three-stage condensation design (0℃, -20℃, -80℃) to collect hydrocarbon products with different boiling point ranges separately.

[0045] Data acquisition and control unit. This includes an industrial computer, data acquisition card, and control software. The control software contains an "alternating dual-valve pressure control" module and a kinetic parameter calculation module, used for real-time acquisition of temperature and pressure data, control of curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion operations, automatic recording of hydrocarbon expulsion event data, and calculation of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion kinetic parameters.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the specific structural design and parameters of the device in this embodiment are as follows: Detailed structural parameters of the hydrocarbon generation reaction system: The hydrocarbon generation reaction system includes a hydrocarbon generation reaction system 1, a heating unit 2, and a temperature and pressure control unit 3.

[0047] The hydrocarbon generation reaction system 1 uses a reactor. The reactor employs an axially self-tightening sealing structure, consisting of a reactor body 1.4, a reactor cover 1.2, a sealing gasket 1.3, clamping bolts 1.1, and a sample chamber 1.5. The sample chamber 1.5 is a cylindrical cavity with an inner diameter of 30 mm and a height of 150 mm. Its sample loading capacity is approximately 106 mL, and it can hold 5–20 g of sample (depending on the sample density).

[0048] The reactor body is made of Hastelloy C-276, which exhibits excellent corrosion resistance to various reducing and oxidizing media, meeting the requirements for corrosion resistance and chemical inertness in hydrocarbon source rock simulation experiments. The inner wall of the reactor is mirror-polished, with a surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm.

[0049] Pressure bearing capacity and temperature resistance of the reactor: The maximum pressure bearing capacity of the reactor is 200MPa, and the maximum temperature resistance is 600℃.

[0050] Heating Unit 2: A tubular resistance furnace employing graded PID temperature control. The furnace body is divided into three independent heating sections: upper heating section 2.1, middle heating section 2.2, and lower heating section 2.3. Each section is controlled by an independent temperature control module using PID regulation. The temperature control accuracy is ±1℃, the radial temperature uniformity error of the furnace chamber is less than 5℃, and the axial temperature difference does not exceed 10℃. Heating Unit 2 is also equipped with a furnace body insulation layer 2.4.

[0051] Temperature and pressure control unit 3: includes industrial computer 3.1, K-type thermocouple 3.2 (accuracy ±0.5℃), pressure sensor 3.3 (accuracy ±0.1MPa) and data acquisition card 3.4 (16-bit A / D conversion, 16 channels, sampling rate 100kHz).

[0052] 2. Detailed structural parameters of the independent dual-pressure control system: The independent dual-pressure control system includes a static rock pressure control subsystem and a fluid pressure control subsystem.

[0053] The static rock pressure control subsystem includes a hydraulic station, a double-acting piston, and a servo control unit. The hydraulic station provides hydraulic oil pressure from 0 to 200 MPa. The double-acting piston has a diameter of 50 mm and a stroke of 50 mm, transmitting pressure to the upper surface of the sample inside the reactor via the piston rod, thus achieving axial static rock pressure loading on the sample. The servo control unit is linked with the temperature and pressure control unit, achieving a pressure control accuracy of ±0.1 MPa and a response time of <100 ms.

[0054] The fluid pressure control subsystem includes a high-pressure pumping unit, a fluid storage tank, and pressure sensors. The high-pressure pump is a plunger-type metering pump with a flow rate range of 0.1~10 mL / min and a maximum output pressure of 100 MPa. Pore fluid pressure is controlled by injecting deionized water or simulated formation water into the reactor. Fluid pressure is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor located at the fluid inlet of the reactor, with a pressure control accuracy of ±0.1 MPa. The actual dual-pressure precision control thermal simulation equipment is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0055] 3. Detailed structural parameters of the curtain-type hydrocarbon removal control unit: The curtain-type hydrocarbon removal control unit includes a dual-valve alternating structure and a capacity buffer tube.

[0056] Dual-valve alternating structure: Consists of an inlet valve and a drain valve, both of which are pneumatic high-temperature and high-pressure valves, with a maximum temperature resistance of 350℃ and a maximum pressure resistance of 100MPa. The inlet valve is connected to the reactor outlet, and the drain valve is connected to the product collection system. The opening and closing of the valves are automatically controlled by the control software according to the set pressure threshold.

[0057] Capacity buffer tube: Located between the inlet valve and the outlet valve, it is a stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 6mm and a length of 500mm (with a volume of about 14mL) to buffer the pressure shock during hydrocarbon discharge and ensure the smooth progress of the hydrocarbon discharge process.

[0058] Pressure threshold setting: The hydrocarbon discharge start pressure P_exp_start and hydrocarbon discharge end pressure P_exp_end can be arbitrarily set via the control software. The range of P_exp_start is 10~100MPa, and the range of P_exp_end is 5~95MPa, with P_exp_start>P_exp_end. Pressure control accuracy is ±0.1MPa.

[0059] 4. Detailed structural parameters of the product collection and analysis system: Multi-stage condenser trap: It adopts a three-stage condensation design—the first-stage condenser trap temperature is 0℃ (ice-water bath), mainly collecting heavy hydrocarbons above C10; the second-stage condenser trap temperature is -20℃ (ethylene glycol / dry ice bath), mainly collecting light hydrocarbons from C5 to C10; the third-stage condenser trap temperature is -80℃ (liquid nitrogen / ethanol bath), mainly collecting gaseous hydrocarbons from C1 to C5 and light components.

[0060] Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS): Equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) and an electron impact ionization source (EI, 70 eV). The chromatographic column was an HP-5MS (60 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm). Temperature program: Initial temperature 50 °C, hold for 2 min, then increase to 300 °C at a rate of 4 °C / min and hold for 20 min.

[0061] 5. Configuration parameters of the data acquisition and control unit: Industrial PC: Intel Core i7 processor, 16GB RAM, 512GB SSD, equipped with Windows 10 Professional operating system.

[0062] Control software: Includes an "alternating dual-valve pressure control" module to achieve automatic threshold control of hydrocarbon discharge pressure; includes a kinetic parameter calculation module with built-in modified Arrhenius equation and Kinetic inversion algorithm; features functions such as temperature program setting, independent pressure setting, automatic recording of curtain-style hydrocarbon discharge events, real-time data display and storage, and automatic generation of evaluation reports.

[0063] The specific operating steps and parameters of the experimental method in this embodiment are described below: This embodiment uses a shale sample from the Chang 7 section of the Ordos Basin as an example to illustrate the specific operation steps and experimental parameters of the method of the present invention in detail.

[0064] 1. Sample preparation: Fresh core samples were collected from the target stratum. The samples were black shale with a TOC content of 8.36%, kerogen type I, and vitrinite reflectance Ro=0.58% (immature). The samples were crushed to 80-120 mesh (125-180μm) and homogenized before use.

[0065] 2. Determination of basic parameters: TOC was determined using a LECO CS-230 carbon-sulfur analyzer (combustion temperature 1350℃, accuracy ±0.1%); Ro was determined using a microphotometer (test points ≥50); and S1, S2, and Tmax parameters were determined using a Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis apparatus.

[0066] 3. Experimental conditions: Based on the burial and thermal history data of the target stratum, the following experimental parameters were set: Heating rate: Three different heating rates were set: 1℃ / min, 2℃ / min, and 5℃ / min. Each group of experiments was conducted independently. The temperature range was 50~600℃, and each 50℃ point was used as a temperature recording point.

[0067] Static rock pressure: Based on the burial depth of the target stratum (1500~3500m), static rock pressure steps are set: 25MPa (corresponding to 1500m), 37.5MPa (corresponding to 2500m), and 50MPa (corresponding to 3500m). Linear interpolation is used to continuously vary the pressure during the heating process, with a pressure control accuracy of ±0.1MPa.

[0068] Fluid pressure: Based on the formation pressure coefficient of the target layer (1.2~1.6), the fluid pressure is set to 0.6~0.8 times the static rock pressure, specifically 15MPa, 25MPa, and 35MPa. It changes synchronously with the static rock pressure, with a pressure control accuracy of ±0.1MPa.

[0069] Hydrocarbon expulsion pressure threshold: Based on the experimental data of fracture pressure of the source rock in the target stratum, the hydrocarbon expulsion start pressure P_exp_start = fluid pressure + 5MPa (when the fluid pressure reaches 35MPa, P_exp_start = 40MPa), and the hydrocarbon expulsion termination pressure P_exp_end = fluid pressure - 2MPa (when the fluid pressure is 35MPa, P_exp_end = 33MPa).

[0070] 4. Experimental Procedure: Sample loading and sealing: Load 5g of the treated sample into the sample chamber of the reactor, with a layer of quartz wool (approximately 2mm thick) placed on top and bottom of the sample. Seal the reactor lid and purge the system with high-purity nitrogen (replace 3 times, each time purging nitrogen to 2MPa and then releasing the pressure to atmospheric pressure).

[0071] Initial pressure setting: Apply an initial static rock pressure of 10MPa through the hydraulic station, and inject deionized water to the initial fluid pressure of 5MPa through the high-pressure pump.

[0072] Heating and pressure coordinated control: Heating is performed according to a set heating rate. During the heating process, the static rock pressure and fluid pressure increase synchronously according to a preset evolution path, which is automatically adjusted by the control software.

[0073] Hydrocarbon removal in stages: When the fluid pressure reaches the set P_exp_start, the control software automatically opens the drain valve to begin hydrocarbon removal; the removed hydrocarbon products are collected in a multi-stage condenser. When the fluid pressure drops to P_exp_end, the drain valve automatically closes, ending one stage of hydrocarbon removal. The system automatically records the start and end times, duration, and product yield of each hydrocarbon removal event. As hydrocarbon generation continues, the fluid pressure re-accumulates, reaching P_exp_start again before re-removing hydrocarbons, and this cycle continues until the experiment ends.

[0074] Product Collection and Analysis: Products collected from each episode of hydrocarbon expulsion were weighed according to condenser fractions and analyzed by GC / GC-MS. The cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion yield at each temperature stage was recorded. Based on the phenomena observed in the experimental setup regarding episode-like hydrocarbon expulsion, such as… Figure 2 As shown.

[0075] 5. Calculation of dynamic parameters: (1) Calculation of hydrocarbon generation conversion rate: Based on the product yield at each temperature stage under different heating rates, the hydrocarbon conversion rate X(T) is calculated: X(T) = Q(T) / Q_max In the formula, Q(T) is the cumulative hydrocarbon generation at temperature T (including the amount of hydrocarbons already discharged and the amount of residual hydrocarbons), and Q_max is the final hydrocarbon generation.

[0076] (2) Inversion of dynamic parameters: Using the Kinetic inversion method, based on conversion-temperature data at different heating rates, the activation energy distribution and frequency factor are solved. The basic equations are as follows: dX / dt=k(T)·(1-X)=A·exp[-E_a / (R·T)]·(1-X)·f(P_lith,P_fluid) In the formula, the pressure influence function f(P_lith, P_fluid) has the following specific form: f(P_lith,P_fluid)=1+α·(P_lith-P_fluid) / P_lith.

[0077] In this embodiment, the pressure coupling coefficient α = 0.35 was obtained through experimental calibration.

[0078] (3) Calculation of characteristic parameters of hydrocarbon expulsion in the first stage: Curtain-type hydrocarbon removal efficiency = (Cumulative hydrocarbon removal / Total hydrocarbon generation) × 100% Frequency of curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion = Total number of curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion events / Total experimental duration (times / hour) Average single hydrocarbon emission = cumulative hydrocarbon emission / total number of curtain-style hydrocarbon emission events.

[0079] Experimental Results and Data Analysis: (1) Hydrocarbon generation conversion curve: Three sets of hydrocarbon generation conversion curves at different heating rates are shown below. Figure 5 As shown in the figure. The results indicate that the higher the heating rate, the more the hydrocarbon generation conversion rate curve shifts towards higher temperatures, which is consistent with the basic laws of chemical kinetics. Under precise dual-pressure control, the peak temperature of the hydrocarbon generation window shifts towards lower temperatures by approximately 15-20°C compared to the traditional single-pressure experiment, indicating that pressure conditions have a significant impact on the hydrocarbon generation reaction rate.

[0080] (2) Activation energy distribution: The activation energy distribution obtained through kinetic inversion shows that the peak value of the main activation energy is 195~215 kJ / mol, and the logarithm of the frequency factor lg A ranges from [value missing]. Compared with traditional atmospheric pressure experiments, the activation energy distribution shifted to higher values ​​by about 10~15 kJ / mol, reflecting the enhancing effect of pressure on the reaction energy barrier.

[0081] (3) Characteristics of curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion: A total of 23 curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion events were recorded during the experiment, mainly occurring in the temperature range of 350–500 °C (corresponding to Ro 0.8–1.6%). The frequency of curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion was highest during the peak oil generation period (approximately 2.5 events / hour), and the average amount of hydrocarbon expulsion per event also peaked during the peak oil generation period (approximately 0.35 mg / g rock·event). The cumulative curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency was 38.6%, significantly lower than the 82.3% of traditional continuous hydrocarbon expulsion experiments, indicating that traditional experimental methods systematically overestimated hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency, which is consistent with existing research conclusions.

[0082] Parameter adaptation for different lithological samples: 1. Mudstone samples (taking the dark mudstone of the Sha-3 Member in the Bohai Bay Basin as an example) are shown in Table 1 below:

[0083] 2. Shale samples (taking the Longmaxi Formation shale in the Sichuan Basin as an example) are shown in Table 2 below:

[0084] 3. Carbonate rock samples (taking the Dengying Formation in the Sichuan Basin as an example) are shown in Table 3 below:

[0085] This embodiment discloses a method and apparatus for determining hydrocarbon generation-expulsion kinetic parameters of source rocks using precise dual-pressure control and episodic hydrocarbon expulsion simulation. The method includes: independently setting static rock pressure and fluid pressure based on the burial history and pressure evolution history of the target strata, with a pressure control accuracy of ±0.1 MPa; setting an episodic hydrocarbon expulsion pressure threshold to achieve automatic intermittent hydrocarbon expulsion based on the pressure threshold; conducting thermo-pressure simulation experiments with at least three different heating rates and recording episodic hydrocarbon expulsion events and product yields; calculating the activation energy distribution and frequency factor using a kinetic inversion method based on product yield-temperature data at different heating rates, and introducing a pressure influence factor to correct the Arrhenius equation; and outputting a generation-expulsion kinetic parameter evaluation report. The apparatus includes a hydrocarbon generation reaction system, an independent dual-pressure control system, an episodic hydrocarbon expulsion control unit, a product collection and analysis system, and a data acquisition and control unit. This embodiment achieves independent and precise control of static rock pressure and fluid pressure, realistically simulating the episodic hydrocarbon expulsion process under geological conditions, significantly improving the accuracy of hydrocarbon generation-expulsion kinetic parameters, and providing reliable technical support for the evaluation of deep-ultra-deep and unconventional shale oil and gas resources.

[0086] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters using precise dual-pressure control and episodic hydrocarbon expulsion simulation, characterized in that, include: Collect hydrocarbon source rock samples from the target strata; Based on the burial history, thermal history, and pressure evolution history data of the target strata, the evolution paths of static rock pressure and fluid pressure are determined; Based on the fracturing pressure and storage capacity of the target stratum source rock, set the parameters for the curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion. Based on the evolution paths of the static rock pressure and fluid pressure, as well as the episodic hydrocarbon expulsion parameters, a stepped heating thermo-pressure simulation experiment was conducted on the source rock sample of the target stratum to obtain kinetic parameters; wherein, the kinetic parameters include: the activation energy distribution and frequency factor of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion. Based on the aforementioned kinetic parameters, an evaluation report on the kinetic parameters of hydrocarbon source rock generation and expulsion is generated.

2. The method for determining source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collection of source rock samples from the target stratigraphic layer includes: The target stratigraphic source rock sample was pretreated to prepare experimental samples, and the basic geochemical parameters of the samples were recorded. The pretreatment included crushing, grinding, and homogenization. The basic geochemical parameters included total organic carbon content, vitrinite reflectance, and rock pyrolysis parameters.

3. The method for determining source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The static rock pressure is calculated based on the burial depth and the density of the overlying strata, while the fluid pressure is set based on the evolution of pore pressure.

4. The method for determining source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters for the curtain-style hydrocarbon removal include: hydrocarbon removal start pressure and hydrocarbon removal termination pressure; When the fluid pressure inside the reactor reaches the hydrocarbon discharge start pressure, the hydrocarbon discharge valve opens automatically; when the fluid pressure drops to the hydrocarbon discharge termination pressure, the hydrocarbon discharge valve closes automatically, completing one cycle of hydrocarbon discharge.

5. The method for determining source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step-by-step heating and hot-pressing simulation experiment includes: The experimental sample was loaded into the reaction vessel, and several different heating rates were set to conduct step-heating hot-pressing simulation experiments. Each group of experiments was conducted at different heating rates, and the yield of hydrocarbon generation products and the yield of hydrocarbon expulsion products were recorded at each temperature stage. At each hydrocarbon expulsion event, the expelled oil and gas products were collected, and the number of hydrocarbon expulsion events, the duration of each expulsion, the yield and composition of the hydrocarbon products were recorded. Gas and liquid hydrocarbons were collected separately, and the product components were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

6. The method for determining hydrocarbon source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation according to claim 5, characterized in that, Obtaining the dynamic parameters includes: Based on the product yield-temperature data obtained at different heating rates in the experiment, the activation energy distribution E of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion was calculated using the kinetic inversion method. a In addition to the frequency factor, a pressure influence factor γ is introduced to modify the Arrhenius equation; wherein, the kinetic inversion method is based on the quantitative relationship between the chemical reaction rate described by the Arrhenius equation and temperature and activation energy as the theoretical model.

7. A device for measuring hydrocarbon source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters for implementing the dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation method as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The device includes: The hydrocarbon generation reaction system is used to conduct a stepped heating and hot-pressing simulation experiment on hydrocarbon source rock samples from the target stratum. An independent dual-pressure control system is used to set and control static rock pressure and fluid pressure for simulation experiments; A curtain-style hydrocarbon removal control system is used to automatically control the curtain-style hydrocarbon removal process according to a set pressure threshold. The product collection and analysis system is used to collect the product yield and analyze the component composition of the simulation experiment. The data acquisition and control system is electrically connected to each system and is used to acquire data in real time, control the curtain-style hydrocarbon removal operation, automatically record hydrocarbon removal event data, and calculate hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon removal kinetic parameters.

8. The device for measuring hydrocarbon source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hydrocarbon generation reaction system includes: Reactor: The reactor adopts an axial self-tightening sealing structure. The reactor includes a vessel body, a vessel cover, a sealing gasket, and clamping bolts. The sample chamber of the vessel body is a cylindrical cavity, and the vessel body is made of a corrosion-resistant alloy. Heating unit: The furnace adopts a tubular resistance heating furnace with graded PID temperature control, and the furnace body is divided into three independent heating sections: upper, middle and lower. Temperature and pressure control unit: includes industrial computer, K-type thermocouple, pressure sensor and data acquisition card.

9. The device for measuring hydrocarbon source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The independent dual-pressure control system includes: The static rock pressure control subsystem includes a hydraulic station, a double-acting piston, and a servo control unit. The hydraulic station provides hydraulic oil pressure, the double-acting piston transmits pressure to the upper surface of the sample inside the reactor via a piston rod to achieve axial static rock pressure loading on the sample, and the servo control unit is linked with the temperature and pressure control unit. Fluid pressure control subsystem: includes a high-pressure pumping unit, a fluid storage tank, and a pressure sensor; wherein, the high-pressure pump and the fluid storage tank are used to control the pore fluid pressure by injecting deionized water or simulated formation water into the reactor, and the fluid pressure is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor installed at the fluid inlet of the reactor.

10. The device for measuring hydrocarbon source rock generation-expulsion kinetic parameters based on dual-pressure precise control and curtain-style hydrocarbon expulsion simulation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The curtain-type hydrocarbon removal control system includes: Dual-valve alternating structure: includes an inlet valve and a drain valve. Both valves are pneumatic high-temperature and high-pressure valves. The inlet valve is connected to the reactor outlet, and the drain valve is connected to the product collection system. Capacity buffer tube: installed between the inlet valve and the outlet valve to buffer the pressure surge during hydrocarbon discharge and ensure a smooth hydrocarbon discharge process.

Images