A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of radio frequency switches, in particular to a magnetic field bias type radio frequency mechanical switch which comprises, from top to bottom, a circuit board, a mounting plate and a bottom plate, a plurality of electromagnetic driving assemblies are detachably mounted on the mounting plate, the electromagnetic driving assembly comprises a mounting block which is detachably mounted on the mounting plate, electromagnetic coils are fixedly mounted at both ends of the bottom of the mounting block, a permanent magnet is offset mounted on the mounting block and located between the two electromagnetic coils, the permanent magnet is adjustably mounted on the mounting block through an adjusting assembly, and a switching assembly is mounted on the bottom plate and located at the bottom of the two electromagnetic coils. The permanent magnet is offset mounted between the two electromagnetic coils, the initial position of a pressing plate is magnetically kept by using the asymmetric bias magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, the vertical height and the horizontal offset position of the permanent magnet are adjusted through the adjusting assembly, the high-precision matching requirement for the consistency of parts is greatly reduced, the production yield is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of radio frequency switch technology, and in particular to a magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch. Background Technology

[0002] Radio frequency (RF) mechanical switches are widely used in communication systems, test and measurement instruments, radar, and satellites due to their advantages such as low insertion loss, high isolation, and large power capacity. They are used to switch and conduct signals between different RF channels. Existing RF mechanical switches typically use a centroidal electromagnetic drive method to achieve contact switching: the armature used to drive the contact is initially equidistant from the coils on both sides, and the magnetic circuit is symmetrically distributed. After the coils are energized, the symmetrical magnetic attraction between the coils on both sides drives the armature to reciprocate, thereby achieving the switching on and off.

[0003] However, the aforementioned centering structure relies on symmetrical magnetic circuits on both sides to achieve reliable armature operation, which places extremely high demands on the consistency of the device: to ensure that the two sides of the armature obtain mutually matched pull-in voltages, it is necessary to ensure that the magnetization of the magnets on both sides is consistent, the material properties of the magnetic conductors, and the assembly gaps are highly consistent. Even a slight deviation in any of these parameters will lead to a mismatch in the pull-in voltages on both sides of the armature, resulting in problems such as unreliable switching action and inconsistent switching timing. To meet these consistency requirements, high-precision screening and matching of components such as magnets and magnetic conductors are usually required, which not only significantly increases the manufacturing cost of the device but also reduces the production yield of the product.

[0004] Meanwhile, in existing technologies, most permanent magnets are fixedly mounted on a mounting plate, and their vertical height and horizontal offset positions are not adjustable. On the one hand, the magnetism of the permanent magnet may gradually weaken after long-term use, requiring positional compensation to restore its magnetic effect. On the other hand, different application scenarios have different requirements for the strength of the offset magnetic field, necessitating fine-tuning of the permanent magnet's position relative to the armature during initial assembly or use. Because the mounting position of existing permanent magnets is fixed, these adjustment requirements often can only be met by replacing them with permanent magnets of different specifications, which is inconvenient and fails to meet the adaptability requirements of flexible and adjustable offset magnetic fields.

[0005] Furthermore, in existing technologies, the electromagnetic drive modules of radio frequency mechanical switches are typically fixedly mounted on a mounting plate and cannot be removed. Since the electromagnetic drive modules are usually arranged in an array, it is often difficult to repair or replace a single drive module when it fails. At the same time, the disassembly and assembly of internal components such as permanent magnets and electromagnetic coils are also difficult, and in severe cases, it may even lead to the scrapping of the entire radio frequency switch, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0006] Based on this, those skilled in the art have proposed a magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch, which offers a new solution to the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, this application provides a magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch.

[0008] The magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch includes a circuit board, a mounting plate, and a base plate connected sequentially from top to bottom. Several electromagnetic drive components are detachably mounted on the mounting plate. Each electromagnetic drive component includes a mounting block detachably mounted on the mounting plate. Electromagnetic coils are fixedly mounted at both ends of the bottom of the mounting block. A permanent magnet is biased and mounted on the mounting block between two of the electromagnetic coils. The permanent magnet is adjustable and mounted on the mounting block via an adjustment component. A switching component is mounted on the base plate at the bottom of the two electromagnetic coils. The switching component includes a pressure plate rotatably mounted on the base plate. A movable spring is fixed to the bottom of the pressure plate. Contacts are provided on the base plate below both ends of the movable spring. The permanent magnet is used to generate a bias magnetic field to keep the pressure plate in its initial position.

[0009] Optionally, the mounting plate has several insertion slots at its bottom, and the mounting block is inserted into the corresponding insertion slot. The two side walls of the insertion slot have guide grooves, and the two sides of the mounting block have guide strips that match and are inserted into the guide grooves. The guide strips have a trapezoidal cross-section, and the middle of the insertion slot has an clearance groove. The top of the mounting block has a guide boss that matches and is inserted into the clearance groove.

[0010] Optionally, a junction plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate and at one end of several electromagnetic drive components, the junction plate being polygonal in shape, the number of sides of the polygon being the same as the number of electromagnetic drive components. A female plug is provided on the side wall of the junction plate at a position corresponding to the mounting block, the female plug being electrically connected to the circuit board. A male plug matching the female plug is provided at one end of the mounting block near the side wall of the junction plate, the electromagnetic coil being electrically connected to the male plug. When the male plug is plugged into the corresponding female plug, the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected to the circuit board through the cooperation of the male plug and the female plug.

[0011] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes a displacement adjustment base block installed inside the mounting block and a vertical adjustment screw passing through the displacement adjustment base block. The vertical adjustment screw is fixed to the top of the permanent magnet. A plurality of second limiting grooves are formed on the outer periphery of the vertical adjustment screw. A plurality of limiting protrusions adapted to the second limiting grooves are formed on the inner side of the displacement adjustment base block. The vertical adjustment screw is slidably connected to the displacement adjustment base block through the cooperation of the second limiting grooves and the limiting protrusions. A vertical adjustment sleeve is rotatably provided on the top of the displacement adjustment base block. The vertical adjustment sleeve is threadedly connected to the vertical adjustment screw.

[0012] Optionally, the mounting block has a horizontal displacement groove on its inner side, and guide support strips are provided on both sides of the horizontal displacement groove. The displacement adjustment base block has guide support grooves on both sides that are adapted to the guide support strips. The displacement adjustment base block is slidably installed inside the horizontal displacement groove through the cooperation of the guide support grooves and the guide support strips. A horizontal adjustment screw is rotatably connected to one end of the displacement adjustment base block. A rotary drive component is fixedly connected to the outside of the horizontal adjustment screw. A receiving hole is provided inside the mounting block and at one end of the horizontal displacement groove. The horizontal adjustment screw is threadedly connected to the inside of the receiving hole.

[0013] Optionally, the rotary drive component is a transmission bevel gear, the top of which is meshed with a drive bevel gear, and the drive bevel gear is rotatably connected to the top of the displacement adjustment base block and located outside the vertical adjustment sleeve.

[0014] Optionally, a switching adjustment knob is provided on the outer side of the vertical adjustment sleeve and the drive bevel gear. A second transmission tooth is provided on the outer periphery of the top of the drive bevel gear. A first transmission tooth is provided on the top of the outer side of the vertical adjustment sleeve and above the second transmission tooth. A drive tooth matching the second transmission tooth and the first transmission tooth is provided on the inner side of the switching adjustment knob. The switching adjustment knob can be selectively engaged with the second transmission tooth and the first transmission tooth through the drive tooth.

[0015] Optionally, the inner side of the switching adjustment knob is provided with a shifting slot, the driving gear is opened in the inner wall of the shifting slot, the top of the driving bevel gear and located below the second transmission gear extends outward with an extension boss, the outer edge of the top of the extension boss is rotatably connected to a mounting sleeve, the mounting sleeve is inserted into the inner side of the switching adjustment knob and located outside the shifting slot, the top of the outer side of the mounting sleeve is provided with a mounting groove, the two sides of the mounting groove are provided with through grooves, a U-shaped shifting clamp is fitted inside the mounting groove, the two sides of the U-shaped shifting clamp protrude from the inner wall of the mounting sleeve through the through grooves, the outer wall of the shifting slot has two shifting slots for engaging with the U-shaped shifting clamp. When the U-shaped shifting clamp engages with the upper shifting slot, the driving gear meshes with the first transmission gear, when the U-shaped shifting clamp engages with the lower shifting slot, the driving gear meshes with the second transmission gear.

[0016] Optionally, a boss is provided at the bottom of one end of the pressure plate. When the pressure plate moves to the contact point position below the boss, the boss and the force-bearing area of ​​the moving spring form a rigid abutment, so as to concentrate the driving force of the pressure plate to the contact surface between the moving spring and the contact point.

[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This invention utilizes a permanent magnet installed between two electromagnetic coils to magnetically maintain the initial position of the pressure plate using the asymmetric bias magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. The vertical height and horizontal bias position of the permanent magnet can be adjusted via an adjustment assembly. This replaces the centroidal structure in existing technologies that relies on the consistency of symmetrical magnetic circuits on both sides, significantly reducing the high-precision matching requirements for component consistency, simplifying the production process, improving production yield, and reducing manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the permanent magnet can be compensated for according to actual usage needs or magnetic attenuation, eliminating the need to replace permanent magnets of different specifications, making it highly adaptable and easy to operate. The electromagnetic drive assembly of this invention is installed on the mounting plate in a detachable plug-in manner, and automatically achieves electrical connection with the male and female plugs. When a single electromagnetic drive assembly fails, it can be disassembled and replaced individually without disassembling or scrapping the entire machine, making maintenance convenient and cost-effective. The rigid contact structure between the pressure plate boss and the force-bearing area of ​​the moving spring ensures that the driving force is concentrated and transmitted to the contact surface between the moving spring and the contact point, guaranteeing the reliability and contact stability of the switch switching action. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic drive component array configuration of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switching component array settings of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insertion slot, clearance slot, guide slot and junction plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting block and the male connector of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnetic drive component and the switching component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a top view of the electromagnetic drive assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the electromagnetic drive component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 9 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 This is an exploded structural diagram of the regulating component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal displacement groove and receiving hole of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the drive gear and switching adjustment knob of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following will be described in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-14 The present invention will now be described in further detail.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch, including a circuit board 3, a mounting plate 2, and a base plate 4 connected sequentially from top to bottom. The circuit board 3, mounting plate 2, and base plate 4 are fixedly connected as a whole by several columns, forming the main frame of the entire switch. The bottom of the base plate 4 is also provided with a mounting flange to facilitate the fixed installation of the entire switch on an external device. Several electromagnetic drive components 1 (such as...) are detachably mounted on the mounting plate 2 in a circumferential array. Figure 3As shown in the figure, this embodiment takes six groups as an example, but is not limited to six groups). The base plate 4 is provided with a corresponding switching component 5 (such as...) at the position array of each group of electromagnetic drive components 1. Figure 4 (As shown).

[0034] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 Each electromagnetic drive assembly 1 includes a mounting block 11, which is detachably inserted into a corresponding insertion slot 21 at the bottom of the mounting plate 2. Specifically, guide slots 23 are provided on both sides of the insertion slot 21, and guide bars 111 that match the guide slots 23 are protruding on the opposite sides of the mounting block 11. The cross-section of the guide bars 111 is trapezoidal. During insertion, the guide bars 111 slide into the guide slots 23 along their length. The trapezoidal cross-section can both guide and limit the mounting block 11 and prevent the mounting block 11 from coming out perpendicular to the insertion direction, ensuring the stability of the mounting block 11 after it is inserted into place. At the same time, it allows for smooth insertion and removal and facilitates quick assembly and disassembly. The middle of the insertion slot 21 is also provided with a clearance slot 22. The top of the mounting block 11 is provided with a guide boss 113 that matches and is inserted into the clearance slot 22. After the guide boss 113 is inserted into the clearance slot 22, it can limit the insertion depth of the mounting block 11 in the insertion direction, and further improve the positioning accuracy and stability of the mounting block 11 after installation.

[0035] Since the mounting block 11 is fixed to the mounting plate 2 in a detachable insertion manner, when one of the multiple electromagnetic drive components 1 in the array fails (such as the electromagnetic coil 12 being damaged or the permanent magnet 13 losing its magnetism), it is only necessary to pull out the corresponding mounting block 11 along the insertion direction, replace it with a new electromagnetic drive component 1, and then reinstall it. There is no need to disassemble the entire switch or perform any operation on other normally functioning electromagnetic drive components 1, which greatly improves maintenance efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, and avoids the problem of the entire machine being scrapped due to a single point of failure.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6A grounding plate 24 is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate 2, at one end where several electromagnetic drive components 1 are close to each other (i.e., the central area of ​​the mounting plate 2). The grounding plate 24 is polygonal, and its number of sides is the same as the number of electromagnetic drive components 1 (in this embodiment, the grounding plate 24 is hexagonal, corresponding to six sets of electromagnetic drive components 1). A female plug 25 is provided on each side wall of the grounding plate 24 at a position opposite to the corresponding mounting block 11. The female plug 25 is electrically connected to the circuit board 3 through wires. Correspondingly, a male plug 112 matching the female plug 25 is provided on the side end of the mounting block 11 near the grounding plate 24. The electromagnetic coils 12 fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of the mounting block 11 are electrically connected to the male plug 112 through internal wires. When the mounting block 11 is inserted into the insertion slot 21, the male plug 112 and the corresponding female plug 25 are automatically connected, so that the electromagnetic coil 12 is electrically connected to the circuit board 3 through the cooperation of the male plug 112 and the female plug 25, without the need for additional wiring operations, which simplifies the assembly process; at the same time, this plug-in electrical connection structure also ensures the synchronous switching of the circuit connection when the electromagnetic drive component 1 is disassembled and replaced, further improving the convenience of maintenance.

[0037] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 The mounting block 11 is strip-shaped, with two electromagnetic coils 12 fixedly mounted at its bottom ends. The axes of the two electromagnetic coils 12 are parallel to each other and arranged vertically. A permanent magnet 13 is provided on the mounting block 11 between the two electromagnetic coils 12. The permanent magnet 13 is not centrally located, but is offset horizontally. That is, the horizontal distance from the permanent magnet 13 to the two electromagnetic coils 12 is not equal, thereby generating an asymmetrical static bias magnetic field in the magnetic circuit region formed by the two electromagnetic coils 12.

[0038] In the initial state where the switch is not powered on, the bias magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13 magnetically holds the pressure plate 51 of the switching assembly 5, keeping the pressure plate 51 in its initial position. When channel switching is required, the control circuit board 3 powers on the electromagnetic coil 12 on the corresponding side. The magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 12 and the bias magnetic field of the permanent magnet 13 are superimposed or canceled on each other in the corresponding magnetic circuit area, thereby changing the original magnetic balance state. The pressure plate 51 rotates around its rotation center under the drive of the magnetic difference, causing the moving spring 52 to contact the contact 53 on the other side, completing the switching action of the radio frequency channel. After power is off, due to the continuous bias magnetic field of the permanent magnet 13, the pressure plate 51 can remain in the switched state, maintaining the on / off state of the switch without continuous power supply, effectively reducing the static power consumption of the switch.

[0039] Compared with the existing technology that uses a symmetrically arranged center structure, this application only requires a bias-mounted permanent magnet 13 between the two electromagnetic coils 12. The magnetic attraction characteristics of the two sides of the pressure plate 51 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the permanent magnet 13 itself. There is no need to perform high-precision screening and matching of parts such as magnets and magnetic conductors on both sides, which greatly reduces the requirements for part consistency, simplifies the production process, and improves product consistency and production yield.

[0040] Reference Figure 7 , Figures 9 to 12 The permanent magnet 13 is adjustablely mounted on the mounting block 11 via the adjustment component 17, which can adjust the vertical height position and the horizontal offset position of the permanent magnet 13 respectively.

[0041] The adjustment assembly 17 includes a displacement adjustment base block 171 installed inside the mounting block 11, and a vertical adjustment screw 172 passing through the displacement adjustment base block 171. The bottom end of the vertical adjustment screw 172 is fixedly connected to the top of the permanent magnet 13. A plurality of second limiting grooves 1721 are formed along the axial direction of the outer periphery of the vertical adjustment screw 172. In this embodiment, the second limiting grooves 1721 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the vertical adjustment screw 172, forming a spline-like structure. A limiting protrusion 1712, adapted to the second limiting grooves 1721, is correspondingly formed on the inner side of the displacement adjustment base block 171. The vertical adjustment screw 172 is slidably connected to the displacement adjustment base block 171 through the spline-like engagement of the second limiting grooves 1721 and the limiting protrusion 1712. That is, the vertical adjustment screw 172 can slide relative to the displacement adjustment base block 171 in the vertical direction, but cannot rotate circumferentially relative to it.

[0042] A vertical adjustment sleeve 173 is rotatably mounted on the top of the displacement adjustment base block 171, and the vertical adjustment sleeve 173 is threadedly connected to the vertical adjustment screw 172. When the vertical adjustment sleeve 173 is rotated, the vertical adjustment screw 172 cannot rotate along with it due to the restriction of the limiting protrusion 1712. Therefore, the vertical adjustment screw 172 is displaced in the vertical direction under the action of threaded transmission, thereby driving the permanent magnet 13 fixed at its bottom end to achieve precise adjustment of its vertical height position. This structure is easy to operate, has high adjustment accuracy, and facilitates compensation adjustment of its vertical position according to the magnetic attenuation of the permanent magnet 13 or different installation requirements, without the need to replace permanent magnets 13 of different specifications.

[0043] The inner side of the mounting block 11 is provided with a horizontal displacement groove 114. The two opposite side walls of the horizontal displacement groove 114 are provided with guide support bars 117. The two opposite side walls of the displacement adjustment base block 171 are provided with guide support grooves 1711 that are adapted to the guide support bars 117. The displacement adjustment base block 171 is installed inside the horizontal displacement groove 114 through the sliding cooperation between the guide support grooves 1711 and the guide support bars 117, so that it can slide back and forth along the length direction of the horizontal displacement groove 114.

[0044] A horizontal adjusting screw 174 is rotatably connected to one end of the displacement adjusting base block 171. A receiving hole 115 is provided on the inner side of the mounting block 11 and at one end of the horizontal displacement groove 114. The horizontal adjusting screw 174 is threadedly connected to the inner side of the receiving hole 115. Since the horizontal adjusting screw 174 and the displacement adjusting base block 171 are rotatably connected, that is, the horizontal adjusting screw 174 can rotate relative to the displacement adjusting base block 171, but the two are fixed relative to each other in the axial direction. When the horizontal adjusting screw 174 is rotated, the horizontal adjusting screw 174 undergoes threaded transmission relative to the receiving hole 115 fixed on the mounting block 11, thereby generating axial displacement. This drives the displacement adjusting base block 171 to move horizontally along the horizontal displacement groove 114 as a whole, realizing the adjustment of the horizontal bias position of the permanent magnet 13 to meet the needs of different bias magnetic field strengths and consistency adjustment.

[0045] A rotary drive component is fixedly connected to the outer side of the horizontal adjusting screw 174 to drive the horizontal adjusting screw 174 to rotate. In this embodiment, the rotary drive component is a transmission bevel gear 175. A drive bevel gear 177 is meshed with the top of the transmission bevel gear 175. The drive bevel gear 177 is rotatably connected to the top of the displacement adjusting base block 171 and is sleeved on the outer side of the vertical adjusting sleeve 173, that is, the drive bevel gear 177 and the vertical adjusting sleeve 173 are arranged coaxially. By rotating the drive bevel gear 177, through meshing with the transmission bevel gear 175, the vertical rotational driving force is converted into a horizontal rotational driving force, thereby driving the horizontal adjusting screw 174 to rotate. This achieves indirect driving of the horizontal adjusting screw 174, which is located inside the mounting block 11 and is inconvenient to operate directly, so that the horizontal position adjustment operation can be conveniently completed at the top of the mounting block 11.

[0046] Reference Figures 9 to 12 , Figure 14 For ease of operation, this application provides a switching adjustment knob 176 that can selectively achieve vertical or horizontal adjustment functions, which is sleeved on the outside of the vertical adjustment sleeve 173 and the drive bevel gear 177.

[0047] The top outer periphery of the drive bevel gear 177 is provided with a second transmission tooth 1772, the top outer side of the vertical adjustment sleeve 173 and above the second transmission tooth 1772 is provided with a first transmission tooth 1731, and the inner side of the switching adjustment knob 176 is provided with a drive tooth 1762 that matches both the second transmission tooth 1772 and the first transmission tooth 1731. By moving the switching adjustment knob 176 vertically, the drive gear 1762 can selectively engage with either the first transmission gear 1731 or the second transmission gear 1772. When the drive gear 1762 engages with the first transmission gear 1731, rotating the switching adjustment knob 176 will rotate the vertical adjustment sleeve 173, thus adjusting the vertical height of the permanent magnet 13. When the drive gear 1762 engages with the second transmission gear 1772, rotating the switching adjustment knob 176 will rotate the drive bevel gear 177, which in turn drives the horizontal adjustment screw 174 via the transmission bevel gear 175, thus adjusting the horizontal offset position of the permanent magnet 13. Therefore, adjustment operations in both directions can be completed in two separate ways using only one switching adjustment knob 176, eliminating the need for multiple independent operating knobs, resulting in a more compact structure and more convenient operation.

[0048] To ensure reliable positioning of the switching adjustment knob 176 between two engagement positions, a shifting slot 1761 is provided on the inner side of the switching adjustment knob 176, and the drive gear 1762 is formed on the inner wall of the shifting slot 1761. An extension boss 1771 extends outward from the top of the drive bevel gear 177, below the second transmission gear 1772. A mounting sleeve 178 is rotatably connected to the outer edge of the top of the extension boss 1771. The mounting sleeve 178 is inserted into the inner side of the switching adjustment knob 176 and located on the outer side of the shifting slot 1761. A mounting groove 1781 is formed on the top outer side of the mounting sleeve 178. Through grooves 1782 are provided on both sides inside the mounting groove 1781. A U-shaped shifting clamp 179 is fitted inside the mounting groove 1781, and both sides of the U-shaped shifting clamp 179 protrude from the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 178 through the through grooves 1782. Two slots 1761 are spaced apart on the outer wall of the shifting slot 1761 for engaging with the U-shaped shifting clamp 179. When the U-shaped shifting clamp 179 engages with the upper slot 1761, the switching adjustment knob 176 is in the upper position. At this time, the drive gear 1762 meshes with the first transmission gear 1731, corresponding to the vertical adjustment function. When the U-shaped shifting clamp 179 engages with the lower slot 1761, the switching adjustment knob 176 is in the lower position. At this time, the drive gear 1762 meshes with the second transmission gear 1772, corresponding to the horizontal adjustment function. During operation, only a certain pushing or pulling force needs to be applied to the switching adjustment knob 176 along the axial direction to overcome the elastic holding force between the U-shaped shifting clamp 179 and the shifting slot 1761, so that the switching adjustment knob 176 can be switched between the upper and lower positions. The engagement and positioning are reliable, and the probability of accidental switching is low.

[0049] The top of the switching adjustment knob 176 is exposed on the top of the mounting block 11. Operators can directly push, pull, and rotate the switching adjustment knob 176 from the outside of the mounting block 11 without disassembling the mounting block 11, making the operation convenient.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 7 A switching assembly 5 is provided on the base plate 4 at the position corresponding to the bottom of the two electromagnetic coils 12 in each electromagnetic drive assembly 1. The switching assembly 5 includes a pressure plate 51 rotatably mounted on the base plate 4, which can reciprocate around its rotation center in the area between the bottoms of the two electromagnetic coils 12. A movable spring 52 is fixed to the bottom of the pressure plate 51. The movable spring 52 has a certain elasticity, and its two ends can respectively contact or separate from the contacts 53 provided on the base plate 4 as the pressure plate 51 swings. Contacts 53 are respectively provided on the base plate 4 below the two ends of the movable spring 52, and the two contacts 53 correspond to the two on / off states of the radio frequency channel.

[0051] A boss 54 is provided at the bottom of one end of the pressure plate 51. When the pressure plate 51 swings to the position where the boss 54 is directly above the corresponding contact 53, the boss 54 and the force-bearing area of ​​the moving spring 52 form a rigid abutment, and the driving force of the pressure plate 51 is concentrated and transmitted to the contact surface between the moving spring 52 and the contact 53 through the boss 54. This avoids the driving force from being dispersed on the moving spring 52, and ensures that there is sufficient contact pressure between the moving spring 52 and the contact 53, thereby improving the reliability of contact closure, reducing contact resistance, and reducing the problem of chattering or poor contact caused by insufficient contact pressure.

[0052] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During assembly, the mounting blocks 11 of several sets of electromagnetic drive components 1 are first inserted into the corresponding insertion slots 21 at the bottom of the mounting plate 2 along the cooperation of the guide strip 111 and the guide groove 23, and the guide boss 113 at the top of the mounting block 11 is inserted into the clearance slot 22 in the middle of the insertion slot 21 for positioning. After the insertion is in place, the male plug 112 at one end of the mounting block 11 automatically connects with the corresponding female plug 25 on the power connection plate 24, so that the electromagnetic coil 12 and the circuit board 3 are electrically connected. The mounting plate 2, the circuit board 3 and the base plate 4 with the switching component 5 are connected and fixed in sequence by the column, so that the two electromagnetic coils 12 of each electromagnetic drive component 1 correspond to the two sides of the pressure plate 51 of the switching component 5 below them.

[0053] After assembly, the vertical height position and horizontal offset position of the permanent magnet 13 can be adjusted by switching the adjustment knob 176 according to actual needs, so that the offset magnetic field strength and asymmetry generated by the permanent magnet 13 reach the preset requirements, ensuring that the pressure plate 51 can reliably remain in the initial position when not powered on.

[0054] During operation, the control circuit board 3 energizes one side of the electromagnetic coil 12 as needed. The magnetic field generated by the energized coil interacts with the bias magnetic field of the permanent magnet 13, driving the pressure plate 51 to swing and causing the moving spring 52 to contact the corresponding contact 53, thus switching the radio frequency channel. When it is necessary to switch back to the initial state or switch to another channel, the other side of the electromagnetic coil 12 is energized. Since the permanent magnet 13 continuously provides the bias magnetic field, the switch can maintain the corresponding state after completing the switching action without continuous energization, which has the advantages of low power consumption and reliable operation.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch, comprising a circuit board (3), a mounting plate (2), and a base plate (4) connected sequentially from top to bottom, characterized in that, Several electromagnetic drive components (1) are detachably mounted on the mounting plate (2). Each electromagnetic drive component (1) includes a mounting block (11) detachably mounted on the mounting plate (2). Electromagnetic coils (12) are fixedly mounted at both ends of the bottom of the mounting block (11). A permanent magnet (13) is mounted on the mounting block (11) and offset between the two electromagnetic coils (12). The permanent magnet (13) is adjustablely mounted on the mounting block (11) via an adjustment component (17). A switching component (5) is mounted on the base plate (4) and located at the bottom of the two electromagnetic coils (12). The switching component (5) includes a pressure plate (51) rotatably mounted on the base plate (4). A movable spring (52) is fixed at the bottom of the pressure plate (51). Contacts (53) are provided on the base plate (4) and located below both ends of the movable spring (52). The permanent magnet (13) is used to generate a bias magnetic field so that the pressure plate (51) remains in its initial position in the initial state.

2. The magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting plate (2) has several insertion slots (21) at its bottom. The mounting block (11) is inserted into the corresponding insertion slot (21). The two side walls of the insertion slot (21) have guide slots (23). The two sides of the mounting block (11) have guide strips (111) that match and are inserted into the guide slots (23). The cross section of the guide strips (111) is trapezoidal. The middle part of the insertion slot (21) has a clearance slot (22). The top of the mounting block (11) has a guide boss (113) that matches and is inserted into the clearance slot (22).

3. A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, At the bottom of the mounting plate (2) and at one end close to each other of the electromagnetic drive components (1), there is a grounding plate (24). The grounding plate (24) is polygonal, and the number of sides of the polygon is the same as the number of electromagnetic drive components (1). A female plug (25) is provided on the side wall of the grounding plate (24) at a position corresponding to the mounting block (11). The female plug (25) is electrically connected to the circuit board (3). A male plug (112) matching the female plug (25) is provided at one end of the mounting block (11) close to the side wall of the grounding plate (24). The electromagnetic coil (12) is electrically connected to the male plug (112). When the male plug (112) is plugged into the corresponding female plug (25), the electromagnetic coil (12) is electrically connected to the circuit board (3) through the cooperation of the male plug (112) and the female plug (25).

4. A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly (17) includes a displacement adjustment base block (171) installed inside the mounting block (11) and a vertical adjustment screw (172) passing through the displacement adjustment base block (171). The vertical adjustment screw (172) is fixed to the top of the permanent magnet (13). The outer periphery of the vertical adjustment screw (172) is provided with a plurality of second limiting grooves (1721). The inner side of the displacement adjustment base block (171) is provided with a plurality of limiting protrusions (1712) that are adapted to the second limiting grooves (1721). The vertical adjustment screw (172) is slidably connected to the displacement adjustment base block (171) through the cooperation of the second limiting grooves (1721) and the limiting protrusions (1712). A vertical adjustment sleeve (173) is rotatably provided on the top of the displacement adjustment base block (171). The vertical adjustment sleeve (173) is threadedly connected to the vertical adjustment screw (172).

5. A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting block (11) has a horizontal displacement groove (114) on its inner side. The horizontal displacement groove (114) has guide support bars (117) on both sides. The displacement adjustment base block (171) has guide support grooves (1711) on both sides that are adapted to the guide support bars (117). The displacement adjustment base block (171) is slidably installed on the inner side of the horizontal displacement groove (114) through the cooperation of the guide support grooves (1711) and the guide support bars (117). One end of the displacement adjustment base block (171) is rotatably connected to a horizontal adjustment screw (174). A rotary drive component is fixedly connected to the outer side of the horizontal adjustment screw (174). The mounting block (11) has a receiving hole (115) on its inner side and located at one end of the horizontal displacement groove (114). The horizontal adjustment screw (174) is threadedly connected to the inner side of the receiving hole (115).

6. A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotary drive component is a transmission bevel gear (175), and a drive bevel gear (177) is meshed with the top of the transmission bevel gear (175). The drive bevel gear (177) is rotatably connected to the top of the displacement adjustment base block (171) and located outside the vertical adjustment sleeve (173).

7. A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch according to claim 6, characterized in that, A switching adjustment knob (176) is sleeved on the outside of the vertical adjustment sleeve (173) and the drive bevel gear (177). A second transmission tooth (1772) is provided on the outer periphery of the top of the drive bevel gear (177). A first transmission tooth (1731) is provided on the top of the outer side of the vertical adjustment sleeve (173) and above the second transmission tooth (1772). A drive tooth (1762) matching the second transmission tooth (1772) and the first transmission tooth (1731) is provided on the inner side of the switching adjustment knob (176). The switching adjustment knob (176) can be selectively engaged with the second transmission tooth (1772) and the first transmission tooth (1731) through the drive tooth (1762).

8. A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner side of the switching adjustment knob (176) is provided with a shifting slot (1761). The drive gear (1762) is opened in the inner wall of the shifting slot (1761). The top of the drive bevel gear (177) and located below the second transmission gear (1772) extends outward with an extension boss (1771). The outer edge of the top of the extension boss (1771) is rotatably connected to a mounting sleeve (178). The mounting sleeve (178) is inserted into the inner side of the switching adjustment knob (176) and located outside the shifting slot (1761). The top of the outer side of the mounting sleeve (178) is provided with a mounting groove (1781). The mounting groove (1781) is provided with through grooves (1782) on both sides inside. The inner side of the sleeve is fitted with a U-shaped shift clamp (179). The two sides of the U-shaped shift clamp (179) protrude from the inner wall of the mounting sleeve (178) through the through groove (1782). The outer wall of the shift groove (1761) has two shift grooves (1761) for engaging with the U-shaped shift clamp (179). When the U-shaped shift clamp (179) engages with the upper shift groove (1761), the drive tooth (1762) meshes with the first transmission tooth (1731). When the U-shaped shift clamp (179) engages with the lower shift groove (1761), the drive tooth (1762) meshes with the second transmission tooth (1772).

9. A magnetic field biased radio frequency mechanical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate (51) has a boss (54) at one end of its bottom. When the pressure plate (51) moves to the position of the contact point (53) below the boss (54), the boss (54) and the force-bearing area of ​​the moving spring (52) form a rigid abutment, so as to concentrate the driving force of the pressure plate (51) to the contact surface between the moving spring (52) and the contact point (53).

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