A physical contact based ad hoc network system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of self-organizing network systems and methods based on physical contact.System is made of multiple network devices that can be mutually physically engaged, each network device integrates at least two heterogeneous protocol supporting wireless communication unit, control processing unit and combination identification unit.When network device is engaged by separable physical engagement mechanism, pairing and topology information exchange are triggered, and the system automatically determines the hierarchical role of each device in the chain topology according to the engagement sequence, and adaptively adjusts the existing device.The system supports intelligent routing, double engagement mode management, security authentication, permission grading, cross-platform adaptation, environmental energy supply, satellite positioning fusion, physical beacon-based location services and space behavior control.Each device automatically establishes a connection after being powered on after separation, suitable for long-term self-organizing network deployment in infrastructure-free areas and various entity topology interconnection scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of wireless communication and ad hoc network technology, specifically to a system and method for automatically constructing a data transmission network through physical contact between devices, supporting topology adaptation, multi-mode fusion communication, intelligent selection of data transmission paths, permanent logical network construction, secure authentication based on network membership, hierarchical management of member permissions, automatic adaptation to the host operating system, external power supply capability, environmental energy power supply, satellite positioning fusion, and location services and spatial behavior control based on physical beacons. This system is particularly suitable for cross-platform direct data transmission, automatic multi-node data aggregation, chain signal relay, long-term ad hoc network deployment in areas without infrastructure, closed network construction based on physical trust relationships, industrial production line self-configuration and assembly line guidance, emergency disaster relief temporary networking, smart home distribution networks, medical device interconnection, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, factory personnel and asset positioning, distributed energy system monitoring, tunnel communication coverage, underwater environment monitoring, geographic information collection and construction layout, mobile object path guidance, intelligent device operation area delineation, multi-mode sensing collaboration, and private domain voice communication—scenarios requiring rapid, intuitive, and secure construction of inter-device relationships for physical topology interconnection. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, data transmission and network construction between devices mainly rely on software-level configuration, which has the following shortcomings:

[0003] The point-to-point pairing process is cumbersome: Pairing between existing wireless devices requires scanning a code, searching for the device, and entering a password through an application, which is inconvenient. This is especially difficult in screenless or emergency scenarios.

[0004] Multi-node topology configuration is not intuitive: When a chain-like topology needs to be built to extend communication distance, users must manually specify the forwarding relationships and hierarchical order of each node in the software interface. Non-professionals find it difficult to understand network topology concepts, and the configuration process is prone to errors.

[0005] Rigid data transmission paths: Once configured, existing chained or mesh networks typically forward data strictly along predefined paths. Even if a shorter direct path exists between the source and destination nodes, the system cannot automatically discover and utilize this shortcut, leading to unnecessary increases in transmission latency.

[0006] The network topology lacks adaptability: In existing self-organizing network schemes, when a new node is added, the roles and forwarding relationships of existing nodes in the network usually remain unchanged, and software reconfiguration is required to adapt to the new topology.

[0007] Adaptation to the host operating system requires driver installation: Data transfer between different operating systems often requires the installation of dedicated drivers or applications, making plug-and-play impossible.

[0008] Communication difficulties exist in areas lacking infrastructure: Remote mountainous areas, tunnels, mines, disaster zones, and underwater locations without public network coverage face challenges in rapidly deploying communication networks. Existing solutions are either too costly, lack sufficient bandwidth, or are time-consuming to deploy.

[0009] Communication equipment relies on external cables or batteries for power: In environments without power infrastructure, communication relays and sensor nodes rely on wired power or periodic battery replacements, resulting in high deployment and maintenance costs and making it difficult to achieve long-term unattended operation.

[0010] The existing "tap to connect" function only triggers preset actions: existing technologies such as Huawei OneHop and Xiaomi OneHop only trigger one-time device pairing or information reading through NFC, without involving automatic determination of network topology hierarchy based on the connection order, nor involving adaptive adjustment of the roles of existing devices in the network.

[0011] Location services and spatial control rely on centralized infrastructure: Existing location services such as geographic information collection, construction layout, and route guidance, as well as spatial control such as electronic fences and work area delineation, typically rely on satellite positioning, professional surveying equipment, or software map operations. These are difficult to deploy quickly and use intuitively in scenarios without satellite signals, public network coverage, or where non-professional personnel are involved. Furthermore, satellite positioning fails in environments such as tunnels, indoors, under tall buildings, and underwater, while existing local positioning solutions require the deployment of dedicated base stations. The two systems are independent and cannot be integrated or complemented.

[0012] Industrial assembly line guidance lacks flexibility: existing assembly lines rely on fixed tracks, magnetic strips or QR codes for workstation guidance and material delivery. The paths are fixed, and line changes and adjustments require hardware modifications or reconstruction, which is time-consuming and costly.

[0013] Private domain voice communication network configuration is complex: existing walkie-talkies require manual frequency tuning or computer programming to complete the network setup, which is difficult for non-professionals. In areas without base station coverage, such as tunnels and mines, communication distance is limited, requiring the installation of expensive repeaters, which is time-consuming. Communication channels are easily eavesdropped on by other devices on the same frequency, resulting in poor security. Summary of the Invention

[0014] Purpose of the invention

[0015] This invention aims to provide a self-organizing network system and method based on physical contact, in order to solve the problems of existing technologies such as device pairing relying on software operation, unintuitive multi-node topology configuration, rigid data transmission paths, lack of network topology adaptability, driver installation required for adaptation with host operating systems, difficulty in deploying self-organizing networks in areas without infrastructure, reliance on external cables or batteries for power supply of communication equipment, reliance on centralized infrastructure for location services and spatial control and inability to integrate and complement satellite positioning, lack of flexibility in guiding industrial production lines, and complex configuration of private domain voice communication networks.

[0016] Technical solution

[0017] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0018] A self-organizing network system based on physical contact includes multiple network devices that can physically connect to each other, each network device comprising:

[0019] The wireless communication unit supports at least two heterogeneous wireless communication protocols and is used to transmit and receive data with other network devices.

[0020] A combined identification unit is used to generate a combined identification signal when engaged with another network device via a separable physical engagement mechanism;

[0021] The control processing unit, electrically connected to the wireless communication unit and the combined identification unit, is configured as follows:

[0022] In response to the combined identification signal, the wireless communication unit is controlled to exchange pairing information and topology information with the network device it is connected to;

[0023] The hierarchical role of each network device in the chain topology is automatically determined based on the assembly sequence.

[0024] After each network device is separated and powered on, a wireless connection is automatically established according to the negotiated topology to form a data transmission network.

[0025] Furthermore, the separable physical connection mechanism has at least two distinguishable connection modes; different connection modes trigger different network management functions, including: the first connection mode triggers the exchange of pairing information and connection establishment, and the second connection mode triggers the clearing of pairing relationships, so that users can manage the joining and leaving of network members without software operation.

[0026] Furthermore, the control processing unit is also configured to: automatically and adaptively adjust the hierarchical roles of existing devices in the network when a new network device is connected to a paired network device, in order to adapt to the topology changes after the addition of the new device. Specifically, this includes: when a new device is connected to a current destination, the current destination is automatically reconfigured as a relay, and the new device is configured as a new destination; when a new device is connected to a current source, the new device is automatically configured as a new destination running in parallel with existing destinations.

[0027] Furthermore, the control processing unit is also configured to: maintain a routing table, periodically scan directly reachable neighboring devices, and record the transmission delay and available bandwidth of each neighboring device; when data needs to be sent to the target device, compare the transmission delay of the chain topology path with that of the directly connected neighboring path, and automatically select the path with the lowest delay for data transmission; and automatically switch to the backup path when the primary path is interrupted.

[0028] Furthermore, the control processing unit is also configured to: generate a unique network identifier based on the physical connection event, and bind the two parties to the connection as members of the network; the member identity information is persistently stored in non-volatile memory, so that the network can be automatically restored when the devices are powered off and then powered on again; the member identity is used as a security authentication credential for one or more scenarios such as device login authorization, physical access control unlocking, IoT device binding, digital signature, and sensitive data access control, and the verification process does not rely on a centralized third-party authentication server.

[0029] Furthermore, the network supports hierarchical management of member permissions: members joining via physical connection acquire full permissions, including the right to initiate remote invitations; members joining via remote invitation acquire limited permissions and do not have the right to initiate remote invitations; members with limited permissions need to be upgraded to full permissions through further physical connection. The creation, expansion, management, and termination of the network can all be accomplished through physical connection or by a combination of two methods, either through a terminal device running open protocol software.

[0030] Furthermore, the network device also includes a standardized peripheral interface and an automatic adaptation module, which are used to automatically adapt to the enumeration as a standard device class when connected to host devices with different operating systems, so as to achieve driverless use; it also includes an auxiliary power supply interface, which is used to obtain power from the auxiliary power supply interface and supply power to the connected external devices.

[0031] Furthermore, at least some of the network devices are powered by an environmental energy harvesting device, the environmental energy including at least one of solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, ocean current energy, thermal energy, vibration energy, and light energy, enabling the network devices to operate for a long time without external power cables or periodic battery replacements.

[0032] Furthermore, at least one of the network devices integrates a satellite positioning module for receiving satellite positioning signals or satellite differential correction signals to obtain absolute coordinates; when satellite signals are available, the system prioritizes satellite positioning; when satellite signals are limited, the system automatically switches to wireless signal measurement and positioning based on the self-organizing network; when both signals are available, the system performs fusion calculation to improve accuracy and reliability.

[0033] Furthermore, multiple network devices are physically connected to form a positioning network for providing location services or spatial behavior control based on physical beacons.

[0034] The location service includes: at least one of the network devices is deployed as a base station at a known coordinate location, the known coordinates being obtained by accessing an absolute coordinate reference source or the satellite positioning module; at least one of the network devices acts as a mobile station, calculating its own coordinates by measuring the wireless signal with the base station, thereby realizing at least one of geographic information collection, construction layout, mobile object path guidance, or assembly line workstation guidance.

[0035] The spatial behavior control includes: multiple network devices are deployed as boundary beacons at the boundary of the target area; each boundary beacon calculates the geographical boundary range it encloses through the ad hoc network; external devices determine the control area by scanning the signals of the boundary beacons, and control their behavior based on whether they are within the control area; the external devices are equipped with at least one sensing module, and dynamically adjust their behavior strategy within the control area based on the recognition results of the sensing module.

[0036] Furthermore, the network member device with management authority obtains management authority over the entire network topology through physical connection. The management authority includes at least one of the following: viewing the entire network topology and node status, remotely removing or adding nodes, adjusting node roles and link priorities, allocating bandwidth resources, and pushing firmware updates.

[0037] A self-organizing network method based on physical contact, applied to a system comprising multiple network devices that can physically connect to each other, includes the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: Connect the first network device and the second network device through a detachable physical connection mechanism, trigger a combined identification signal, and exchange pairing information and topology information;

[0039] Step S2: When the third network device is connected to a paired network device, the hierarchical role of the third network device in the chain topology is automatically determined according to the connection order, and the hierarchical roles of existing devices are adaptively adjusted; wherein, when the third network device is connected to the current destination, the current destination is automatically reconfigured as a relay, and the third network device is configured as a new destination; when the third network device is connected to the current source, the third network device is automatically configured as a new destination running in parallel with the existing destination.

[0040] In step S3, after each network device is separated and powered on, a wireless connection is automatically established according to the negotiated topology to form a data transmission network. The selection of the data transmission path is based on the real-time measured path delay, and the path with the lowest delay is selected first.

[0041] Beneficial effects

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] Zero-software operation networking: Simplifies the complex process of device pairing and network topology configuration into physical connection actions between network devices.

[0044] Topology adaptation: When a new device is added, existing devices in the network automatically adjust their roles to adapt to the topology change, without requiring manual intervention from the user.

[0045] Intelligent selection of data transmission paths: Automatically discovers and utilizes direct shortcuts between nodes, selects the optimal transmission path based on real-time conditions, and reduces transmission latency.

[0046] Dual-connection mode closed-loop management: Different connection modes trigger networking and deactivation operations respectively, allowing management of the entire network lifecycle without a software interface.

[0047] Network membership-based security authentication: Membership established through physical contact serves as a trusted credential, eliminating the need for a third-party authentication server.

[0048] Hierarchical management of member permissions: Physical connection establishes a root of trust and full permissions, while remote invitation provides convenient extensions; the two complement each other.

[0049] Automatic adaptation to the host operating system: Supports driverless use on different operating systems.

[0050] External power supply capability: It can supply power to connected external devices, simplifying system deployment.

[0051] Autonomous operation of environmental energy: Powered by readily available environmental energy sources, eliminating the need for wiring or battery replacement, enabling long-term unattended operation.

[0052] Satellite positioning fusion: It integrates satellite positioning modules, providing absolute coordinates when satellites are available, and automatically switching to star beacon positioning when satellites fail. The fusion and complementarity of the two improves accuracy and reliability.

[0053] Location services and spatial behavior control based on physical beacons: The same network can achieve high-precision relative positioning, supporting location services such as surveying, setting out, path guidance and assembly line workstation guidance. It can also delineate control areas for external devices by physically deploying boundary beacons and work in conjunction with the devices' sensing modules to achieve behavior control.

[0054] Rapid deployment of private voice communication: Network devices can be physically connected to quickly create encrypted private call groups without frequency tuning or programming. In areas without base station coverage, communication distance can be extended through chain relays, and combined with StarScan high-precision ranging, the location of teammates can be displayed in real time. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of two network devices in a physically connected state. In the diagram: 100 is the first network device, 200 is the second network device, 110 and 210 are wireless communication units, 120 and 220 are standardized peripheral interfaces, 130 and 230 are power management units, 140 and 240 are control processing units, 150 and 250 are combination identification units, 160 is a magnetic alignment structure, and 170 is an electrical contact.

[0057] Figure 2 The diagram shows the internal functional blocks of a single network device, represented by boxes: wireless communication unit, standardized peripheral interface, power management unit, control processing unit, combination identification unit, automatic adaptation module, auxiliary power supply interface, and optional environmental energy acquisition device and satellite positioning module.

[0058] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the process of constructing point-to-point connections and chain topologies through physical connection. In the diagram: (a) shows the first network device 100 and the second network device 200 connected by a magnetic alignment structure 160; (b) shows the exchange of pairing information between the two devices after connection; (c) shows the automatic establishment of point-to-point connections after separation by inserting host devices into each device; (d) shows the automatic formation of a chain topology A→B→C after the third network device 300 is connected to the second network device 200, where B is automatically upgraded to a relay.

[0059] Figure 4 The diagram shows a dual-connection mode. In the diagram: (a) two network devices are connected through the first end face (magnetic connection surface) to trigger networking; (b) two network devices are connected through the second end face (USB end face) to trigger de-networking.

[0060] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the intelligent selection of data transmission paths. Solid arrows indicate the chain topology path A→B→C→D→E, while dashed arrows indicate the direct shortcut A→D automatically selected after A discovers that the direct connection to D has lower latency.

[0061] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates permanent network and security authentication. In the diagram: (a) two devices generate a network identifier and bind themselves as founding members through physical connection; (b) the member identity is used as an access control unlocking credential; and (c) hierarchical permission management is shown—physical connection grants full permissions, while remote invitation grants limited permissions.

[0062] Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the supply of power to external devices and environmental energy sources. In the diagram: (a) it shows that the network device is connected to a mobile power source through an auxiliary power supply interface and transmits power to the external storage device; (b) it shows various environmental energy sources—solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, ocean current energy, thermal energy, vibration energy, and light energy—in a circle to supply power to the network device.

[0063] Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the fusion of multi-mode communication and satellite positioning. In the diagram: (a) it shows that the network device simultaneously supports satellite flare, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and cellular networks, and achieves cross-protocol communication through protocol conversion; (b) it shows that the base station integrates a satellite positioning module to receive satellite signals, and the mobile station indirectly obtains absolute coordinates through satellite flare ranging.

[0064] Figure 9 The diagram illustrates location services and spatial behavior control based on physical beacons, shown in circles: (a) Location services—the base station is deployed at known coordinates, and the rover (acquisition station) moves to the point to be measured to calculate the coordinates, realizing surveying, setting out, path guidance, and assembly line station guidance; (b) Spatial behavior control—multiple boundary beacons enclose the control area (shown in dashed circles), and external equipment (shown in rectangles) equipped with sensing modules work collaboratively within the area.

[0065] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of the present invention, in which the execution flow of steps S1 to S3 is shown in boxes. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to explain this invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0068] Example 1: Point-to-point pairing and chain topology construction

[0069] Reference Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment demonstrates the basic networking functions of the system.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the network device has a flat rectangular shape, with a standardized peripheral interface 120 / 220 at one end of the housing and a detachable physical connection mechanism at the other end. The physical connection mechanism includes a magnetic alignment structure 160 and electrical contacts 170. When the connection mechanisms of two network devices 100 and 200 approach each other, the magnetic structure automatically attracts the electrical contacts and accurately aligns them, triggering a combined identification signal.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the internal functions of each network device include a wireless communication unit, a standardized peripheral interface, a power management unit, a control processing unit, a combination identification unit, an automatic adaptation module, an auxiliary power supply interface, and optional environmental energy acquisition devices and satellite positioning modules. The wireless communication unit supports at least two heterogeneous wireless communication protocols.

[0072] In response to the combined identification signal, the control processing unit controls the wireless communication unit to exchange pairing information and topology information at extremely close range.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, when only two network devices are connected, they establish a point-to-point pairing relationship. When a third network device 300 is connected to the last device (destination) 200 on the link, the system automatically adjusts the hierarchical roles of the existing devices, reconfiguring the original destination 200 as a "relay" and configuring the new device 300 as a "new destination," forming a hierarchical extension of the chain topology A→B→C. When the new device is connected to the source device, it is automatically configured as a new destination running in parallel with the existing destinations.

[0074] After each device is separated and powered on, a wireless connection is automatically established based on the negotiated topology for data transmission. The automatic adaptation module detects the operating system type of the connected host device and adaptively enumerates it as a standard device class, enabling driverless operation.

[0075] Example 2: Intelligent Selection of Data Transmission Path

[0076] Reference Figure 5 The chain topology is A→B→C→D→E. Each node periodically scans its directly reachable neighbor devices and records the transmission delay. When node A needs to send data to node E, if A detects that the direct connection delay with D is lower than the delay via B and C, it automatically selects the A→D direct connection path, and then D forwards the data to E. When the direct connection path is interrupted, it automatically falls back to the chain topology path.

[0077] Example 3: Dual-Connection Mode Management

[0078] Reference Figure 4 The physical engagement mechanism has two distinguishable engagement modes: Figure 4 (a) illustrates a first engagement mode in which the exchange of mating information and connection establishment are triggered by engagement of the first end face; Figure 4 (b) illustrates the second engagement mode, where the clearing of the pairing relationship is triggered by engagement of the second end face. Users can join and leave the network without any software operation.

[0079] Example 4: External Power Supply

[0080] Reference Figure 7 (a) The standardized peripheral interface of the network device connects to the external storage device 500, and the auxiliary power supply interface connects to the power bank 600. The power management unit obtains power from the auxiliary power supply interface and supplies power to the external storage device.

[0081] Example 5: Long-term deployment of environmental energy

[0082] Reference Figure 7 (b) The network equipment is deployed in an environment without power infrastructure and is powered by an environmental energy harvesting device. This environmental energy includes, but is not limited to: wind energy in tunnels (driven by airflow generated by passing vehicles), ocean current energy or thermal energy in underwater environments, solar energy in outdoor environments, and vibration energy or light energy in workshops. The equipment housing has a protection rating adapted to the deployment environment and can operate long-term without external power cables or periodic battery replacements.

[0083] Example 6: Multimode Converged Communication

[0084] Reference Figure 8 (a) The wireless communication unit of the network device simultaneously supports the at least two heterogeneous wireless communication protocols. The control processing unit maintains a unified member table and routing table, realizes cross-protocol data flow forwarding through protocol conversion, and dynamically selects the optimal communication mode based on the actual physical distance between members and the quality of the communication environment.

[0085] Example 7: Satellite Positioning Fusion

[0086] Reference Figure 8 (b) This embodiment demonstrates the integrated application of the system and satellite positioning technology. At least one network device integrates a satellite positioning module to receive satellite positioning signals or satellite differential correction signals to obtain absolute coordinates.

[0087] In open environments, the system prioritizes satellite positioning to obtain absolute coordinates and broadcasts the coordinate reference to other network devices via the StarNet network. In environments where satellite signals are limited, such as tunnels, indoors, or under tall buildings, the system automatically switches to wireless signal measurement and positioning based on the StarNet self-organizing network. When both satellite and StarNet signals are available, the system performs fusion calculations to combine data from both positioning sources to improve positioning accuracy and reliability.

[0088] The base station network equipment obtains centimeter-level absolute coordinates by integrating a satellite positioning module. The mobile station network equipment does not need to integrate a satellite positioning module; it can obtain its own centimeter-level absolute coordinates simply by measuring the satellite flash wireless signal with the base station, which greatly reduces the hardware cost and power consumption of the mobile station.

[0089] Example 8: Location Services and Spatial Beacon-Based Management

[0090] Reference Figure 9 This embodiment demonstrates the system's ability to provide location services and spatial behavior control based on physical beacons.

[0091] like Figure 9 As shown in (a), the location services encompass geographic information collection, construction layout, moving object path guidance, and assembly line workstation guidance: A base station is deployed at the center of the survey area, and its known coordinates are obtained by accessing an absolute coordinate reference source or integrating a satellite positioning module. The mobile station calculates its own coordinates through wireless signal measurements with the base station, thus achieving the aforementioned location services.

[0092] like Figure 9 As shown in (b), spatial behavior control involves deploying multiple network devices as boundary beacons at the boundary inflection points of the target area to calculate the enclosed geographical boundary range (shown as a dashed circle). External devices equipped with sensing modules (at least one of optical sensing, electromagnetic wave sensing, and acoustic sensing) dynamically adjust their behavior strategies within the controlled area based on the sensing results.

[0093] Typical application examples:

[0094] Intelligent harvesting: Farmers place beacons at the four corners of the field. Once the harvester enters, it automatically identifies and harvests mature crops, and automatically detours around immature areas or obstacles.

[0095] Precision crop protection: Agricultural drones spray only within the area enclosed by beacons, and the vision system identifies and avoids obstacles.

[0096] Battlefield minefield marking: Engineers place beacons at the boundaries of minefields. The beacons automatically form a network to create a virtual fence, and an alarm is automatically triggered when personnel or vehicles approach.

[0097] Nighttime convoy guidance: Lead personnel deploy path beacons at key nodes along the route, and subsequent vehicles achieve silent navigation by receiving beacon signals.

[0098] Flexible production line guidance: Workstation beacons are deployed at assembly line stations, branch points, and material areas. AGVs and workers receive beacon signals via wristbands, automatically determining their current location and the next target workstation. During line changes, the foreman rearranges the beacons by touching them together, updating the path instantly without requiring hardware modifications.

[0099] If the test area or workshop area is large, several relay network devices can be added to automatically form a chain topology and extend the coverage area.

[0100] Example 9: Hierarchical Management of Member Permissions

[0101] Reference Figure 6 The network supports hierarchical management of member permissions: Figure 6 (c) shows that members who join via physical join have full privileges, while members who join via remote invitation have limited privileges. Members with limited privileges need to be upgraded to full privileges through another physical join.

[0102] Example 10: Security Authentication Based on Network Membership

[0103] Reference Figure 6 Administrator devices and employee devices exchange security credentials through physical connection, and employee devices obtain member identity credentials. Figure 6 (b) Membership is displayed as access control credentials, eliminating the need for a centralized authentication server during the verification process. In enterprise intranet access control scenarios, the authenticator determines authorization by checking the validity of the identity credentials. This mechanism also applies to IoT device binding and digital signatures.

[0104] Example 11: Private Domain Voice Communication Based on Physical Contact

[0105] This embodiment demonstrates the application of the system in private domain voice communication. Multiple network devices integrate microphones and speakers, or connect to an intercom terminal via standardized peripheral interfaces. Before deployment, the devices physically connect to form a private domain call group, and the system automatically determines the hierarchical role of each device based on the connection order. Full-duplex real-time voice communication is supported within the group, and all voice data is transmitted within the group with end-to-end encryption.

[0106] In tunnels, mines, or mountainous areas without base station coverage, rescue teams deploy network equipment as relay nodes along the route, with each relay node automatically forming a chain topology. The voice of the team members at the front is transmitted hop by hop through the chain topology to the terminal equipment at the command center, achieving a chain-like extension of the communication distance.

[0107] When a new team member joins, they only need to physically connect their device to any device in the group to automatically gain communication access. After the mission is completed, they can leave the group and clear the communication key through the second connection mode. The location information of each device in the group can be displayed in real time on the teammates' terminal interfaces via satellite ranging, making it easy to determine the location of teammates in tunnels or dense forests without satellite signals.

[0108] This embodiment is also applicable to scenarios that require the rapid establishment of private communication networks, such as film crew shooting, security patrols, and construction site work.

[0109] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-organizing network system based on physical contact, characterized in that, It includes multiple network devices that can be physically interconnected, each of the network devices comprising: A wireless communication unit supports at least two heterogeneous wireless communication protocols for data transmission and reception with other network devices; a combination identification unit generates a combination identification signal when engaged with another network device via a detachable physical engagement mechanism; and a control processing unit electrically connected to the wireless communication unit and the combination identification unit, configured to: In response to the combined identification signal, the wireless communication unit is controlled to exchange pairing information and topology information with the network device it is connected to; The hierarchical role of each network device in the chain topology is automatically determined based on the assembly sequence. When each of the network devices is separated and powered on, a wireless connection is automatically established according to the negotiated topology to form a data transmission network.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separable physical bonding mechanism has at least two distinguishable bonding modes; different bonding modes trigger different network management functions, including: the first bonding mode triggers the exchange of pairing information and connection establishment, and the second bonding mode triggers the clearing of pairing relationships.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control processing unit is further configured to: automatically adaptively adjust the hierarchical roles of existing devices in the network when a new network device is connected to a paired network device; wherein, when a new device is connected to a current destination, the current destination is automatically reconfigured as a relay, and the new device is configured as a new destination; when a new device is connected to a current source, the new device is automatically configured as a new destination running in parallel with the existing destination.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control processing unit is also configured to: maintain a routing table, periodically scan directly reachable neighboring devices, and record the transmission delay and available bandwidth of each neighboring device; when data needs to be sent to the target device, compare the transmission delay of the chain topology path with that of the directly connected neighboring path, and automatically select the path with the lowest delay for data transmission; and automatically switch to the backup path when the primary path is interrupted.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control processing unit is further configured to: generate a unique network identifier based on the physical connection event, and bind the two parties to the connection as members of the network; the member identity information is persistently stored in a non-volatile memory so that the network can be automatically restored when the devices are powered off and then powered on again; the member identity is used as a security authentication credential for one or more scenarios such as device login authorization, physical access control unlocking, IoT device binding, digital signature, and sensitive data access control.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The network supports hierarchical management of member permissions: members who join through physical connection obtain full permissions, including the permission to initiate remote invitations; members who join through remote invitations obtain limited permissions and do not have the permission to initiate remote invitations; members with limited permissions need to be upgraded to full permissions through another physical connection.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The network device also includes a standardized peripheral interface and an automatic adaptation module, which are used to automatically adapt to the enumeration as a standard device class when connected to host devices with different operating systems, so as to achieve driverless use; it also includes an auxiliary power supply interface, which is used to obtain power from the auxiliary power supply interface and supply power to the connected external devices.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least some of the network devices are powered by an environmental energy harvesting device, which includes at least one of solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, ocean current energy, thermal energy, vibration energy, and light energy, enabling the network devices to operate for a long time without external power cables or regular battery replacements.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the network devices integrates a satellite positioning module for receiving satellite positioning signals or satellite differential correction signals to obtain absolute coordinates; multiple network devices are physically connected to form a positioning network for providing location services or spatial behavior control based on physical beacons. The location service includes: at least one of the network devices is deployed as a base station at a known coordinate location, the known coordinates being obtained by accessing an absolute coordinate reference source or the satellite positioning module; at least one of the network devices acts as a mobile station, calculating its own coordinates by measuring wireless signals with the base station, thereby achieving at least one of geographic information collection, construction layout, path guidance for moving objects, or assembly line workstation guidance; the spatial behavior control includes: multiple of the network devices are deployed as boundary beacons at the boundary of the target area; each boundary beacon calculates the geographical boundary range it encloses through the ad hoc network; external devices determine the control area by scanning the signals of the boundary beacons, and control their behavior based on whether they are within the control area; the external devices are equipped with at least one sensing module, and dynamically adjust their behavior strategy within the control area based on the recognition results of the sensing module.

10. A self-organizing network method based on physical contact, applied to a system comprising multiple network devices that can physically connect to each other, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Connect the first network device and the second network device through a detachable physical connection mechanism, trigger a combined identification signal, and exchange pairing information and topology information. Step S2: When the third network device connects with an already paired network device, automatically determine the hierarchical role of the third network device in the chain topology according to the connection order, and adaptively adjust the hierarchical roles of existing devices. Specifically, when the third network device connects with the current destination, the current destination is automatically reconfigured as a relay, and the third network device is configured as a new destination. When the third network device connects with the current source, the third network device is automatically configured as a new destination running parallel to the existing destination. Step S3: After each network device is separated and powered on, a wireless connection is automatically established according to the negotiated topology relationship to form a data transmission network. The selection of the data transmission path is based on real-time measured path delays, prioritizing the path with the lowest delay.

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