Arinc 661 load analysis and performance optimization method

Abstract

The application discloses an ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method, which comprises the following steps: (1) according to GUI controls constituting a man-machine interactive interface of a user application, a preliminary UADF file of the user application is predefined; (2) according to the preliminary UADF file of the user application, in combination with A661 static resource calibration and drawing time of a single A661 control, resource requirements of the user application are pre-evaluated; (3) a complete UADF file of the user application is designed; (4) resource consumption of the complete UADF file is evaluated; and (5) according to results obtained in steps (2) and (4), resource requirements of the UADF file and the user application are optimized. The application starts from the user application, limits control use of UADF design, and meets the display performance requirement of a complex picture and complex logic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the ARINC661 cockpit display system, and more specifically to an ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method based on User Design Document (UADF). Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of avionics systems, the requirements for the integration, modularity, and human-machine interaction of cockpit display systems are becoming increasingly stringent. The mission and functional requirements of avionics systems are constantly rising, and various avionics equipment is being updated rapidly. This has significantly increased the design cycle and maintenance costs of cockpit display systems. Traditional display and information processing methods can no longer meet the needs of system development and maintenance, making the universal and standardized design of cockpit display system interfaces increasingly urgent. The universal design of the A661 server human-machine interface based on the ARINC661 standard can effectively improve reusability and scalability, while reducing the design and maintenance costs of avionics systems.

[0003] In a display system based on the ARINC661 standard, the A661 server and user applications have a clear division of responsibilities. The user application focuses on the implementation of the onboard system's own functions, provides User Design Documents (UADF), responds to command operation events, and provides the logic and data required for the human-machine interface. The A661 server provides display services and display integration, and provides various human-machine interaction capabilities such as cursor control and touch control, realizing the separation of display screen and display control logic, building an open and universal display architecture, and reducing maintenance and change costs.

[0004] The A661 general-purpose display design architecture did not consider the resource usage limitations of user applications. The use of customized controls and customized messages, the excessive number of controls, and the excessive performance consumption of controls led to a bottleneck in high-performance under load. In the most complex cases, the A661 server took too long to complete the graphics rendering, which could not meet the drawing performance requirements, resulting in screen stuttering and a poor user experience for the crew members.

[0005] Gao Zhongjie et al. (Gao Zhongjie, Hu Xiao. Performance optimization of general graphic symbol display management software based on ARINC661 [J]. Aviation Electronics Technology. 2012, (4): 31-33) proposed a method to improve the efficiency of graphic drawing by optimizing the software performance of the self-developed ARINC661 general graphic symbol display management software. However, this method optimizes the processing performance of the A661 server and does not involve the limitations of UADF itself on the use of controls, and cannot reduce performance consumption from the perspective of user application design. Ji Li (Ji Li. Research on graphic design of ARINC661 cockpit display components [D]. 2017) proposed to improve the rendering efficiency of the screen by studying the priority of screen display, constructing the overall scheme and rendering process of the cockpit display renderer, and improving the rendering efficiency of the screen by optimizing the drawing of arcs, lines and text. However, this method improves the drawing efficiency by improving the graphic drawing method of the A661 server and does not involve the limitations of UADF design itself on the use of controls, and cannot reduce performance consumption from the perspective of user application design. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method, which, from the perspective of user applications, restricts the use of controls in UADF design to meet the display performance requirements of complex screens and complex logic.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] An ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step (1) Based on the GUI controls that make up the user application's human-computer interaction interface, predefine the initial UADF file of the user application. The initial UADF file contains the A661 control types, quantities, and nesting relationships between layers and containers to which all GUI controls are mapped.

[0010] Step (2) Based on the user application's initial UADF file, combined with the A661 static resource calibration and the drawing time of a single A661 control, pre-evaluate the user application's resource requirements.

[0011] Step (3) Design a complete UADF file for the user application, which includes preset commands, windows, layers, A661 controls, and connectors between layers;

[0012] Step (4) Evaluate the resource consumption of the UADF file based on the complete UADF file;

[0013] Step (5) Optimize the resource requirements of the UADF file and user application based on the results obtained in steps (2) and (4).

[0014] Based on the above characteristics, step (2) is implemented through the GUI control design file. The GUI control design file contains the mapping relationship between GUI controls and A661 controls, the functional allocation of GUI controls, the style decomposition and behavior decomposition of each GUI control. Refer to this file to conduct a pre-evaluation of user application resources.

[0015] Based on the above characteristics, the GUI control design file also includes the appearance and behavior of each GUI control. When implemented using A661 standard controls, each part is handled by the server and the user application, respectively.

[0016] Based on the above characteristics, step (3) is implemented through a load assessment tool, which includes three modules: a data input module, an A661 server emulator module, and a result output module.

[0017] The data input module is used to input the data information of the complete UADF file of the user application;

[0018] The A661 server emulator module is used to draw the loaded UADF and send the drawing time to the result output module.

[0019] The results output module is used to output the time taken to draw the UADF.

[0020] Based on the above characteristics, the A661 server emulator module uses the A661 server to draw on the IDU physical object, and then calculates the drawing time.

[0021] Based on the above characteristics, the A661 server emulator module, in conjunction with the standard control requirements defined in the A661 standard, assesses the influencing factors when evaluating the resources of each control, and performs control resource calibration for each combination of factors; based on the layers displayed in the most complex functional scenario of the user application, and the state quantities of each control on the layer, it evaluates the maximum resource requirements for the UADF; simultaneously, referring to the page call situation and display logic of the user application, it considers the call and display of layers, as well as the visibility, interactivity, appearance, parameter updates of controls during runtime, and changes in string length, and calculates the dynamic resource consumption.

[0022] Based on the above characteristics, the optimization scheme for step (5) includes:

[0023] a) Adjust the mapping relationship between the GUI controls and the A661 control;

[0024] b) Based on the style and behavior decomposition of the GUI control, change the implementation of the GUI control in the user application and the A661 server.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] This invention optimizes UADF files and UA resource consumption pre-assessments by calibrating user static resources and calculating the resource consumption of UADF files, thereby improving the performance of the A661 server. The A661 load analysis and performance optimization method used in this invention is simple to calculate, easy to implement, and has strong practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the A661 load analysis and performance optimization method based on UADF.

[0028] Figure 2 Functional block diagram of the load assessment tool; Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] This embodiment illustrates an ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method. It calculates the time required to draw a single A661 control through A661 static resource calibration, pre-assessing the resource requirements of user applications. Then, it calculates the resource consumption of the User Application Filter (UADF) designed for the user application. Using the calculation results, it optimizes the design of the UADF file and the resource requirements of the User Application Filter (UA), thereby improving the graphics rendering performance of the A661 server. See also... Figure 1 As shown, the method consists of the following five steps:

[0031] Step (1) Based on the GUI controls that make up the user application HMI (Human Machine Interface), predefine the preliminary UADF file of the user application. The preliminary UADF file contains the A661 control types, quantities, and nesting relationships between layers and containers that all GUI controls need to use.

[0032] Step (2) Based on the user application's initial UADF file, combined with the A661 static resource calibration and the drawing time of a single A661 control, pre-evaluate the UA's resource requirements.

[0033] Specifically, each user application has its own human-machine interface (HMI), which provides pilots with a visual display of information such as graphics, icons, and text. The HMI can be easily and quickly operated via controllers and touchscreens. The HMI of a user application consists of various GUI (Graphical User Interface) controls, including windows, menus, buttons, and tabs. These GUI controls are not the same concept as A661 standard controls; a mapping relationship exists between them, which developers must establish based on project experience. A GUI control can be composed of one or more different A661 controls. When designing the initial UADF (User Application Advisory Function), the user application uses one of these mapping relationships, i.e., one implementation method. This embodiment uses a general GUI control design document, which includes the mapping relationship between GUI controls and A661 controls, control function allocation, style decomposition, and behavior decomposition of each GUI control. This document is used to pre-evaluate user application resources.

[0034] Furthermore, regarding the appearance and behavior of each GUI control, when implemented using the A661 standard controls, each part is handled by the server and the user application respectively, which is also detailed in the GUI control design file. For example, for a button-type GUI control, its border, background color, and font color are controlled by the server through the styleset, but the text content on the control is set by the UA through the control's parameter Labelstring. For example, a page-turning control with a scrollbar can have the server implement all page-turning operations, or it can use a non-standard A661 control, where the server sends the pilot's page-turning operation event to the UA, and the UA updates the content of the next page and sends it back to the server, which then displays the next page. This analysis of appearance and function in the GUI control design file is an important input for subsequent UADF optimization design. The length of the Labelstring affects the performance of screen rendering. The UA can change the content of the Labelstring in real time, and the worst-case performance is calculated based on the longest Labelstring set by the UA for this control. Different implementation methods also affect screen performance. If better performance cannot be achieved by using alternative controls, changing the implementation method can be considered to improve performance.

[0035] Step (3) Design the complete UADF file for the user application. This complete UADF file should include preset commands, windows, layers, A661 controls (including the nesting relationship and number of controls), connectors between layers, etc.

[0036] The initial UADF file is based on the HMI screen of the user application. It breaks down the HMI screen into GUI controls, and then, based on the mapping relationship between GUI controls and A661 controls, provides preliminary layer definitions, as well as the required types and quantities of A661 controls (including nesting relationships). Based on the pre-designed number of controls, nesting relationships, and the drawing time of a single A661 control, combined with the resource specifications of each control and resource consumption under different states, the overall drawing time of the UADF is roughly calculated. In general, the pre-designed initial UADF is only used for preliminary resource consumption estimation; basic nesting relationships and quantities are sufficient, and a complete UADF design is not required. A complete UADF file contains all the functionality of the entire page, including the display interface and the page's logical functions. That is, it includes complete definition commands, layers, controls within layers, connectors between layers, control usage, and interaction logic.

[0037] Step (4) Evaluate the resource consumption of the UADF file based on the complete UADF file.

[0038] There are many ways to obtain resource consumption results. This embodiment illustrates this using a load assessment tool. See also... Figure 2 As shown, the load assessment tool includes three modules: a data input module, an A661 server emulator module, and a result output module.

[0039] The data input module is used to input the data information of the complete UADF file of the user application so that the A661 server emulator module can load it.

[0040] The A661 server emulator module is used to draw the loaded UADF and send the drawing time to the result output module. The A661 server emulator module uses the A661 server to draw on the IDU virtual machine and then calculates the drawing time.

[0041] The A661 server renders the user application's screen through:

[0042] 1. User-provided UADF or dynamic commands;

[0043] 2. The A661 server parses the UADF and draws it in the order of layer, control, and primitive scheduling;

[0044] 3. The GPU renders the image and sends it to the display.

[0045] Based on the standard control requirements defined in the A661 standard, resource assessment is performed for each control, considering various influencing factors and setting control resource specifications for each combination of factors. By analyzing the layers displayed in the most complex functional scenario of each User Agent (UA) design and the state variables of each control on those layers, the maximum resource requirements for that UADF can be estimated. Simultaneously, the page call patterns and display logic of the user application can be referenced, considering layer display, control visibility, interactivity, appearance, runtime parameter updates, string length changes, etc., to calculate dynamic resource consumption.

[0046] The calibration of A661 resources based on UADF includes:

[0047] Total value of each type of resource;

[0048] Resources consumed by each control: distinguishing resource consumption under different states;

[0049] For the String class, the relationship between the number of characters and performance is defined;

[0050] For those containing Lists, the relationship between the number of items and performance is defined;

[0051] For the MapItemList type, the resource consumption of each item is specified, and the evaluation is then calculated based on the quantity of each item.

[0052] Taking the Pushbutton Widget as an example, the factors to consider when calculating resource consumption should be given.

[0053] 1. Pushbutton control type: Interactive

[0054] 2.Pushbutton status: Invisible, Disabled, Enabled

[0055] 3. PushButton appearance style: StyleSet

[0056] 4. String length on Pushbutton: LabelString

[0057] 5. Maximum string length on Pushbutton: MaxStringLength

[0058] Next, by evaluating the resource requirements of each layer, the resource consumption under different layer states is differentiated. Parent-child constraints such as layer links and containers are fully considered. Based on the functions represented by the control sets, each possible visible and invisible sub-branches are evaluated. The combination with the highest resource consumption is the branch represented by that layer's link or container. The mutual exclusion relationships between control sets representing different functions at runtime also affect the difference in static resource consumption.

[0059] The results output module is used to output the time taken to draw the UADF.

[0060] Step (5) Optimize the UADF file and UA resource requirements based on the results obtained in steps (2) and (4).

[0061] The available optimization solutions include:

[0062] 1. The mapping relationship between GUI controls and A661 standard controls: A GUI control can be composed of one or more different A661 controls. When designing a UADF, user applications use one mapping relationship, that is, one implementation method. When the UADF file consumes too many resources, it can be achieved by using another A661 control or a combination of A661 controls with lower resource consumption.

[0063] 2. Based on the style and behavior decomposition of GUI controls, the resource consumption of certain controls can be minimized by changing the implementation of the GUI control in the user application and the A661 server. For example, when using a resource-intensive scrollbar pagination control to navigate through a large number of items, the common A661 standard control implementation involves the user application providing the A661 server with all the global menu item data to be displayed. Each time a page is turned, the A661 server needs to refresh the global menu item data and then calculate which page to display and which items to show. By changing the implementation of this function in both the user application and the A661 server, the user application can calculate the current page number, determine which items to display, and only send the current page's item data to the A661 server. This eliminates the need for the A661 server to refresh the global menu item data; it only refreshes the currently received display item data, thus reducing the amount of rendering required by the A661 server and improving rendering performance.

[0064] It is understood that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or modifications to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, and all such substitutions or modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for load analysis and performance optimization of ARINC661, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step (1) Based on the GUI controls that make up the user application's human-computer interaction interface, predefine the initial UADF file of the user application. The initial UADF file contains the A661 control types, quantities, and nesting relationships between layers and containers to which all GUI controls are mapped. Step (2) Based on the user application's initial UADF file, combined with the A661 static resource calibration and the drawing time of a single A661 control, pre-evaluate the user application's resource requirements. Step (3) Design a complete UADF file for the user application, which includes preset commands, windows, layers, A661 controls, and connectors between layers; Step (4) Evaluate the resource consumption of the UADF file based on the complete UADF file; Step (5) Optimize the resource requirements of the UADF file and user application based on the results obtained in steps (2) and (4).

2. The ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that... Step (2) is implemented through the GUI control design file. The GUI control design file contains the mapping relationship between GUI controls and A661 controls, the function allocation of GUI controls, the style decomposition and behavior decomposition of each GUI control. Refer to this file to conduct a pre-evaluation of user application resources.

3. The ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that... The GUI control design file also includes the appearance and behavior of each GUI control. When implemented using A661 standard controls, each part is the responsibility of the server and the user application, respectively.

4. The ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that... Step (3) is achieved through a load assessment tool, which includes three modules: a data input module, an A661 server emulator module, and a result output module. The data input module is used to input the data information of the complete UADF file of the user application; The A661 server emulator module is used to draw the loaded UADF and send the drawing time to the result output module. The results output module is used to output the time taken to draw the UADF.

5. The ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that... The A661 server emulator module uses the A661 server to draw on the IDU physical object and then calculates the drawing time.

6. The ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that... The A661 server emulator module, in conjunction with the standard control requirements defined in the A661 standard, assesses the influencing factors when evaluating the resources of each control, and calibrates the control resources under each combination of factors. Based on the layers displayed in the most complex functional scenario of the user application and the state quantities of each control on the layer, it evaluates the maximum resource requirements for the UADF. At the same time, referring to the page call situation and display logic of the user application, it considers the call and display of layers, as well as the visibility, interactivity, appearance, parameter updates of controls during runtime, and changes in string length, and calculates the dynamic resource consumption.

7. The ARINC661 load analysis and performance optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that... The optimization scheme for step (5) includes: a) Adjust the mapping relationship between the GUI controls and the A661 control; b) Based on the style and behavior decomposition of the GUI control, change the implementation of the GUI control in the user application and the A661 server.

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