Charging circuit and energy storage device

Abstract

The application relates to a charging circuit and an energy storage device, a charging control module of the charging circuit is used for outputting a first charging signal set when a battery voltage of charging belongs to a first range, outputting a second charging signal set when the battery voltage belongs to a second range, and outputting a third charging signal set when the battery voltage belongs to a third range; a switching driving module is used for maintaining an off state to output a holding signal when the battery voltage belongs to the first range, switching from the off state to an on state to output a first switching signal when the battery voltage belongs to the second range, and switching from the on state to the off state to output a second switching signal when the battery voltage belongs to the third range. A switching switch module is used for maintaining a first on state based on the holding signal, switching from the first on state to a second on state based on the first switching signal, and switching from the second on state to the first on state based on the second switching signal, so that intelligent switching can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a charging circuit and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, backup power supplies, and other fields, with lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries still occupying an important position.

[0003] Currently, some batteries use slow charging, which is too slow; others use fast charging, but this can easily damage the battery when the voltage is low. The charging methods fail to intelligently switch between fast and slow charging, thus failing to balance safety and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a charging circuit and energy storage device that can balance charging safety and charging efficiency, and intelligently switch between fast charging and slow charging, in order to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a charging circuit, comprising:

[0006] The switching module is configured with a control terminal, a common contact, a first resistor unit that can be disconnected from the common contact, and a second resistor unit that can be disconnected from the common contact. The two ends of the battery are used to connect to the common contact and the power input terminal of the charging circuit. The resistance value of the first resistor unit is greater than that of the second resistor unit. When the first resistor unit and the common contact are connected, it is in a first conducting state. When the second resistor unit and the common contact are connected, it is in a second conducting state.

[0007] A charging control module, connected to a battery, is used to output a first charging signal set when the battery voltage of the battery being charged is within a first range, to output a second charging signal set when the battery voltage is within a second range, and to output a third charging signal set when the battery voltage is within a third range, wherein the voltage values ​​in the first range, the second range, and the third range increase sequentially.

[0008] A switching drive module, connected to the charging control module, is configured to maintain a shutdown state based on the first charging signal set when the battery voltage is within the first range, and output a holding signal; it is also configured to switch from a shutdown state to a conduction state based on the second charging signal set when the battery voltage is within the second range, and output a first switching signal; and it is also configured to switch from a conduction state to a shutdown state based on the third charging signal set when the battery voltage is within the third range, and output a second switching signal.

[0009] The switching module is used to maintain a first conduction state based on the holding signal, and is also used to switch from the first conduction state to a second conduction state based on the first switching signal, and to switch from the second conduction state to the first conduction state based on the second switching signal.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the charging control module includes:

[0011] The reference module is used to connect to the supply voltage to obtain a reference comparison voltage;

[0012] The first sampling unit and the second sampling unit are both connected to the power input terminal for connecting the battery, and both the first sampling unit and the second sampling unit are used to sample the battery voltage.

[0013] A first control submodule, the input of which is connected to the first sampling unit and the reference module, and the output of which is connected to the switching drive module;

[0014] The second control submodule has its input connected to the second sampling unit and the reference module; its output is connected to the switching drive module.

[0015] At the same time, the first voltage input from the first sampling unit to the first control submodule is greater than the second voltage input from the second sampling unit to the second control submodule;

[0016] The first control submodule is configured to output a first control signal based on the first voltage and the reference comparison voltage when the battery voltage is within the first range, and is also configured to output a second control signal based on the first voltage and the reference comparison voltage when the battery voltage is within the second range or the third range; the second control submodule is configured to output a third control signal based on the second voltage and the reference comparison voltage when the battery voltage is within the first range or the second range, and is also configured to output a fourth control signal based on the second voltage and the reference comparison voltage when the battery voltage is within the third range.

[0017] The switching drive module is configured to turn off the output holding signal based on the first control signal and the third control signal when the battery voltage is within the first range, and is also configured to output the first switching signal based on the second control signal and the third control signal when the battery voltage is within the second range, and is also configured to output the second switching signal based on the second control signal and the fourth control signal when the battery voltage is within the third range.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the second control submodule includes:

[0019] The first comparator has its first and second input terminals connected to the second sampling unit and the reference module, respectively.

[0020] The first switching transistor has its control terminal and output terminal connected to the output terminal of the first comparator and the switching drive module, respectively.

[0021] When the battery voltage is within the first range or the second range, the first comparator is used to output a low-level signal based on the second voltage and the reference comparison voltage, and the first switch is turned off under the control of the low-level signal to output a third control signal.

[0022] When the battery voltage is within the third range, the first comparator outputs a high-level signal based on the second voltage and the reference comparison voltage, and the first switch is turned on under the control of the high-level signal to output a fourth control signal.

[0023] In one optional embodiment, when the battery voltage is within a first range, the first voltage sampled by the first sampling unit is less than the reference comparison voltage, and the second voltage sampled by the second sampling unit is less than the reference comparison voltage;

[0024] When the battery voltage is within the second range, the first voltage sampled by the first sampling unit is greater than the reference comparison voltage, and the second voltage sampled by the second sampling unit is less than the reference comparison voltage.

[0025] When the battery voltage is within the third range, the first voltage sampled by the first sampling unit is greater than the reference comparison voltage, and the second voltage sampled by the second sampling unit is greater than the reference comparison voltage.

[0026] In one optional embodiment, the switching drive module includes a second switch, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor; the base of the second switch is connected to the output terminal of the first control submodule, the output terminal of the second control submodule, the first terminal of the first capacitor, and the first terminal of the second capacitor; the emitter of the second switch, the second terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor are grounded, and the collector of the second switch is connected to the control terminal of the switching module.

[0027] When the battery voltage is within the first range, the second switch is turned off based on the first control signal and the third control signal to output a holding signal;

[0028] When the battery voltage is within the second range, the second switch is turned on based on the second control signal and the third control signal to output a first switching signal; and the first capacitor and the second capacitor are charged based on the second control signal to maintain the conduction of the second switch.

[0029] When the battery voltage is within the third range, the second switch is turned off based on the second control signal and the fourth control signal to output the second switching signal, and the first capacitor and the second capacitor are discharged through the second control submodule.

[0030] In one optional embodiment, the charging circuit further includes a voltage regulator module and an overcurrent detection module;

[0031] The voltage regulator module is used to connect the input power supply and the power input terminal, and to convert the input power supply into a charging voltage input to the power input terminal.

[0032] The overcurrent detection module is connected to the common contact and the voltage regulator module. It is used to detect overcurrent during the charging process of the battery using the first charging circuit or the second charging circuit, and to output an overcurrent signal to control the voltage regulator module to shut down when an overcurrent occurs.

[0033] The first charging circuit is a charging circuit formed by the battery and the first resistor unit; the first charging circuit is a charging circuit formed by the battery and the second resistor unit.

[0034] In one optional embodiment, the overcurrent detection module includes:

[0035] The current sampling unit is used to sample the reference voltage;

[0036] The second comparator has its first and second input terminals connected to the current sampling unit and the common contact, respectively.

[0037] The output unit has an input terminal connected to the output terminal of the second comparator and an output terminal connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module.

[0038] The second comparator is used to output a high-level signal when the current sampled by the current sampling unit during the battery charging process is greater than the reference current sampled by the current sampling unit. The output unit is used to output an overcurrent signal to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module based on the high-level signal to control the voltage regulator module to turn off.

[0039] In one optional embodiment, the output unit includes a third switch, a fourth switch, and a first diode. The base of the third switch is connected to the output terminal of the second comparator. The emitter of the third switch is connected to the base of the fourth switch. The emitter of the fourth switch is connected to a reference voltage. The collector of the fourth switch is connected to the positive input terminal of the first diode. The negative input terminal of the first diode is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module.

[0040] When an overcurrent occurs during the battery charging process, the third switch is turned on, the fourth switch is turned on under the action of the reference voltage, and the overcurrent signal is output to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module through the first diode.

[0041] In one optional embodiment, the voltage regulator module includes:

[0042] First voltage regulator unit and second voltage regulator unit;

[0043] The first terminal, the second terminal, and the control terminal of the first voltage regulator unit are respectively used to connect the input voltage, one end of the battery, and the first terminal of the second voltage regulator unit;

[0044] The second terminal of the second voltage regulator unit is grounded, the control terminal of the second voltage regulator unit is used to connect one end of the battery and the overcurrent detection module, and the first terminal of the second voltage regulator unit is also connected to the input voltage input from the power supply port;

[0045] When the input voltage is applied, the first voltage regulator unit is turned on to control the second voltage regulator unit to be turned on. The turned-on second voltage regulator unit is used to control the first voltage regulator unit to be turned off. During the cyclic switching process of the first voltage regulator unit and the second voltage regulator unit, a stable power supply voltage is provided to one end of the battery.

[0046] The second voltage regulator unit is also used to disconnect based on the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent detection module, so as to control the first voltage regulator unit to disconnect, thereby cutting off the power supply port and one end of the battery.

[0047] In one optional embodiment, the charging circuit further includes a display module; a first input terminal of the display module is connected to the output terminal of the overcurrent detection module, and a second input terminal of the display module is connected to a reference voltage. The display module is used to output a first signal when an overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery, and to output a second signal when no overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery.

[0048] In one alternative embodiment, the display module includes:

[0049] The third sampling unit is used to sample the reference voltage.

[0050] The fourth sampling unit is used to sample the voltage output by the overcurrent detection module;

[0051] The third comparator has its first input connected to the output of the third sampling unit and its second input connected to the output of the fourth sampling unit.

[0052] The fourth comparator has its first input connected to the output of the fourth sampling unit and its second input connected to the output of the third sampling unit.

[0053] A first LED light, the first end of which is connected to the output of the third comparator, and the second end of which is connected to the output of the fourth comparator;

[0054] The second LED light has its first end connected to the output of the third comparator and its second end connected to the output of the fourth comparator.

[0055] When an overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery, the third comparator outputs a low-level signal, the fourth comparator outputs a high-level signal, and the first LED outputs a first signal; when no overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery, the third comparator outputs a high-level signal, the fourth comparator outputs a low-level signal, and the second LED outputs a second signal.

[0056] Secondly, this application also provides an energy storage device, including the charging circuit described in any of the above embodiments.

[0057] The charging circuit and energy storage device described above include a charging control module that outputs a first charging signal set when the battery voltage of the charging battery falls within a first range, outputs a second charging signal set when the battery voltage falls within a second range, and outputs a third charging signal set when the battery voltage falls within a third range, wherein the voltage values ​​in the first, second, and third ranges increase sequentially. A switching drive module is configured to maintain a shutdown state based on the first charging signal set when the battery voltage falls within the first range, thereby outputting a holding signal; to switch from a shutdown state to a conduction state based on the second charging signal set when the battery voltage falls within the second range, thereby outputting a first switching signal; and to switch from a conduction state to a shutdown state based on the third charging signal set when the battery voltage falls within the third range, thereby outputting a second switching signal. The switching module is used to maintain a first conduction state based on the holding signal, and is also used to switch from the first conduction state to a second conduction state based on the first switching signal, and to switch from the second conduction state to the first conduction state based on the second switching signal. In this way, when the battery voltage is lower than the first range, the battery is in a slow charging state; when the battery voltage is in the second range, it intelligently switches to a fast charging state; and when the battery voltage is in the third range, it switches back to a slow charging state until charging is complete. This achieves intelligent switching between fast and slow charging, but it cannot balance safety and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the charging circuit in one embodiment;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the charging circuit in one embodiment;

[0061] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of the charging circuit in another embodiment;

[0062] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the charging circuit in another embodiment;

[0063] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the charging circuit in yet another embodiment;

[0064] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the charging circuit in another embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0066] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0067] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first resistor may be referred to as a second resistor, and similarly, a second resistor may be referred to as a first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0068] It is understood that the term "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical signal or data transmission with each other.

[0069] It is understandable that "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least a part of an element" refers to part or all of an element.

[0070] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising / including” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Meanwhile, the term “and / or” as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0071] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application provides a charging circuit, which includes a switching module 1, a charging control module 2, and a switching drive module 3.

[0072] The switching module 1 is equipped with a control terminal, a common contact, a first resistor unit that can be disconnected from the common contact, and a second resistor unit that can be disconnected from the common contact. The two ends of the battery BAT are used to connect to the common contact and the power input terminal of the charging circuit. The resistance value of the first resistor unit is greater than that of the second resistor unit. When the first resistor unit and the common contact are connected, it is in the first conducting state. When the second resistor unit and the common contact are connected, it is in the second conducting state.

[0073] Among them, combined Figure 1 The switching module 1 includes a relay, the coil of which is the control terminal of the switching module 1. The first end of the coil is contact 4, and the second end of the coil is contact 5. Contact 3 is a common contact, and contacts 1 and 2 are switchable contacts. The first resistor unit includes resistor R13, and the second resistor unit includes resistor R12.

[0074] The closed conducting state of contacts 1 and 2 represents the initial default conducting state of the relay. The resistance of resistor R12 is less than that of resistor R13. Therefore, when the common contact is connected to contact 1, resistor R13 is connected to the charging circuit, the circuit is in the first conducting state, and the battery BAT is in slow charging mode. When the common contact is connected to contact 2, resistor R12 is connected to the charging circuit, the circuit is in the second conducting state, and the battery BAT is in fast charging mode.

[0075] The charging control module 2 is connected to the battery BAT. The charging control module 2 is used to output a first charging signal set when the battery voltage of the charging battery BAT is in a first range, to output a second charging signal set when the battery voltage is in a second range, and to output a third charging signal set when the battery voltage is in a third range. The voltage values ​​in the first range, the second range and the third range increase sequentially.

[0076] The switching drive module 3 is connected to the charging control module 2. The switching drive module 3 is used to maintain the off state based on the first charging signal set when the battery voltage is within the first range, so as to output a holding signal; it is also used to switch from the off state to the on state based on the second charging signal set when the battery voltage is within the second range, so as to output a first switching signal; and it is also used to switch from the on state to the off state based on the third charging signal set when the battery voltage is within the third range, so as to output a second switching signal.

[0077] The switching drive module 3 generates signals for controlling the switching switch module 1 based on a first charging signal set, a second charging signal set, and a third charging signal set. These signals include a holding signal, a first switching signal, and a second switching signal. The switching switch module 1 maintains a first conduction state based on the holding signal, switches from the first conduction state to a second conduction state based on the first switching signal, and switches from the second conduction state to the first conduction state based on the second switching signal. The switching switch module 1 also switches to a corresponding state based on the signals output by the switching drive module 3, including a first conduction state and a second conduction state.

[0078] To facilitate understanding of the charging circuit's working principle, the switching module 1 is assumed to be in the first conducting state by default:

[0079] When the voltage of battery BAT is within the first range, the charging control module 2 outputs the first charging signal set, the switching drive module 3 maintains the off state based on the first charging signal set and outputs the holding signal, and the switching switch module 1 maintains the first conducting state based on the holding signal, that is, battery BAT is in the slow charging state.

[0080] When the voltage of battery BAT is within the second range, the charging control module 2 outputs the second charging signal set, and the switching drive module 3 switches from the off state to the on state based on the second charging signal set to output the first switching signal. The switching switch module 1 switches from the first on state to the second on state based on the first switching signal, that is, the battery BAT switches to the fast charging state.

[0081] When the voltage of battery BAT is within the third range, the charging control module 2 outputs the third charging signal set, and the switching drive module 3 switches from the on state to the off state based on the third charging signal set to output the second switching signal. The switching switch module 1 switches from the second on state to the first on state based on the second switching signal, that is, the battery BAT switches to the slow charging state.

[0082] In this embodiment, the battery voltage (BAT) changes during charging. The charging control module 2 and the switching drive module 3 cooperate to switch the conduction state of the switching switch module 1. When the battery voltage is within a first range, the battery BAT is in slow charging mode; when the battery voltage is within a second range, the battery BAT is in fast charging mode; and when the battery voltage is within a third range, the battery BAT is in slow charging mode. The voltage values ​​in the first, second, and third ranges increase sequentially. Based on the battery BAT voltage, the charging state of the battery BAT is intelligently controlled, intelligently switching between fast and slow charging, balancing charging safety and charging efficiency.

[0083] In some alternative embodiments, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 The charging control module 2 includes a reference module 21, a first sampling unit 22, a second sampling unit 23, a first control submodule 24, and a second control submodule 25.

[0084] The reference module 21 is connected to the supply voltage Vbat to obtain the reference comparison voltage V7. The first sampling unit 22 and the second sampling unit 23 are both connected to the power input terminal for connecting the battery BAT, and both are used to sample the battery voltage. The input terminal of the first control submodule 24 is connected to the first sampling unit 22 and the reference module 21, and the output terminal of the first control submodule 24 is connected to the switching drive module 3. The input terminal of the second control submodule 25 is connected to the second sampling unit 23 and the reference module 21, and the output terminal of the second control submodule 25 is connected to the switching drive module 3. At the same time, the first voltage V2 input from the first sampling unit 22 to the first control submodule 24 is greater than the second voltage V8 input from the second sampling unit 23 to the second control submodule 25.

[0085] The reference module 21 includes a voltage conversion unit and a reference voltage sampling unit. The voltage conversion unit converts the supply voltage Vbat into a reference voltage VCC, and the reference voltage sampling unit samples the reference voltage VCC to obtain a reference comparison voltage V7. (The last part, "combined with...", appears to be a separate, unrelated sentence fragment.) Figure 3 As shown, the reference voltage sampling unit includes resistor R15 and resistor R17. The first end of resistor R15 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion unit, and the second end of resistor R15 is connected to the first end of resistor R17, the second input terminal of the first control submodule 24, and the second input terminal of the second control submodule 25. The second end of resistor R17 is grounded.

[0086] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 3 Both the first sampling unit 22 and the second sampling unit 23 are used to sample the battery voltage. The first sampling unit 22 includes resistors R14 and R18. The first end of resistor R14 is connected to the power input terminal of the battery BAT, and the second end of resistor R14 is connected to the first end of resistor R18 and the first input terminal of the first control submodule 24. The second end of resistor R18 is grounded. The second sampling unit 23 includes resistors R25 and R29. The first end of resistor R25 is connected to the power input terminal of the battery BAT, and the second end of resistor R25 is connected to the first end of resistor R29 and the first input terminal of the second control submodule 25. The second end of resistor R29 is grounded.

[0087] In this embodiment, at the same time, the first voltage V2 is the voltage obtained by resistor R18 in the first sampling unit 22 through the battery voltage, and the second voltage V8 is the voltage obtained by resistor R29 in the second sampling unit 23 through the battery voltage. By controlling the resistance values ​​of resistors R14, R18, R25, and R29, the first voltage V2 input to the first input terminal of the first control submodule 24 and the second voltage V8 input to the first input terminal of the second control submodule 25 are controlled. At the same time, the first voltage V2 is greater than the second voltage V8, that is, the resistance values ​​of resistors R14, R18, R25, and R29 need to satisfy: R18 / (R14+R18) > R29 / (R25+R29).

[0088] Combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first control submodule 24 is configured to output a first control signal based on the first voltage V2 and the reference comparison voltage V7 when the battery voltage is within a first range, and to output a second control signal based on the first voltage V2 and the reference comparison voltage V7 when the battery voltage is within a second range or a third range. The second control submodule 25 is configured to output a third control signal based on the second voltage V8 and the reference comparison voltage V7 when the battery voltage is within the first range or the second range, and to output a fourth control signal based on the second voltage V8 and the reference comparison voltage V7 when the battery voltage is within a third range.

[0089] Therefore, in this embodiment, when the battery voltage is within a first range, the first charging signal set output by the charging control module 2 includes a first control signal output by the first control submodule 24 and a third control signal output by the second control submodule 25; when the battery voltage is within a second range, the first charging signal set output by the charging control module 2 includes a second control signal output by the first control submodule 24 and a third control signal output by the second control submodule 25; and when the battery voltage is within a third range, the first charging signal set output by the charging control module 2 includes a second control signal output by the first control submodule 24 and a fourth control signal output by the second control submodule 25.

[0090] Combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 The switching drive module 3 is used to turn off the output holding signal based on the first control signal and the third control signal when the battery voltage is within the first range, and is also used to output the first switching signal based on the second control signal and the third control signal when the battery voltage is within the second range, and is also used to output the second switching signal based on the second control signal and the fourth control signal when the battery voltage is within the third range.

[0091] The first control submodule 24, the second control submodule 25, and the switching drive module 3 cooperate with each other to control the switching process of the conduction state of the switching switch module 1 as follows.

[0092] When the voltage of battery BAT is within the first range, the first control submodule 24 outputs a first control signal based on the first voltage V2 and the reference comparison voltage V7, and the second control submodule 25 outputs a third control signal based on the second voltage V8 and the reference comparison voltage V7; the switching drive module 3 maintains the off state based on the first control signal and the third control signal to output a holding signal, and the switching switch module 1 maintains the first on state based on the holding signal, that is, battery BAT is in a slow charging state.

[0093] When the voltage of battery BAT is within the second range, the first control submodule 24 outputs a second control signal based on the first voltage V2 and the reference comparison voltage V7, and the second control submodule 25 outputs a third control signal based on the second voltage V8 and the reference comparison voltage V7; the switching drive module 3 switches from the off state to the on state based on the second control signal and the third control signal to output a first switching signal, and the switching switch module 1 switches from the first on state to the second on state based on the first switching signal, that is, the battery BAT switches to the fast charging state.

[0094] When the voltage of battery BAT is within the third range, the first control submodule 24 outputs a second control signal based on the first voltage V2 and the reference comparison voltage V7, and the second control submodule 25 outputs a fourth control signal based on the second voltage V8 and the reference comparison voltage V7; the switching drive module 3 switches from the on state to the off state based on the second control signal and the fourth control signal to output a second switching signal, and the switching switch module 1 switches from the second on state to the first on state based on the second switching signal, that is, the battery BAT switches to the slow charging state.

[0095] For easier understanding, please refer to Table 1 below:

[0096] Table 1:

[0097]

[0098] In the above embodiments, the charging state of the battery (BAT) is intelligently controlled based on the battery voltage, and the system can intelligently switch between fast charging and slow charging, taking into account both charging safety and charging efficiency.

[0099] In some alternative embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The second control submodule 25 includes a first comparator U3A and a first switch Q6; the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the first comparator U3A are respectively connected to the second sampling unit 23 and the reference module 21; the control terminal and the output terminal of the first switch Q6 are respectively connected to the output terminal of the first comparator U3A and the switching drive module 3.

[0100] When the battery voltage is within the first or second range, the first comparator U3A outputs a low-level signal based on the second voltage V8 and the reference comparison voltage V7. The first switch Q6 is turned off under the control of the low-level signal to output a third control signal. When the battery voltage is within the third range, the first comparator U3A outputs a high-level signal based on the second voltage V8 and the reference comparison voltage V7. The first switch Q6 is turned on under the control of the high-level signal to output a fourth control signal.

[0101] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the first switch Q6 is an NPN transistor. When the battery voltage is within the first range or the second range, the first comparator U3A outputs a low-level signal based on the second voltage V8 output by the second sampling unit 23 and the reference comparison voltage V7 output by the reference module 21, thereby turning off the first switch Q6 and outputting a third control signal from the collector of the first switch Q6.

[0102] When the battery voltage is within the third range, the first comparator U3A outputs a high-level signal based on the second voltage V8 output by the second sampling unit 23 and the reference comparison voltage V7 output by the reference module 21. The first switch Q6 is turned on, and the collector of the first switch Q6 outputs a fourth control signal.

[0103] In one specific embodiment, the base of the first switching transistor Q6 is connected to the output of the first comparator U3A, the collector of the first switching transistor Q6 is connected to the switching drive module 3, and the emitter of the first switching transistor Q6 is grounded. When the first switching transistor Q6 is turned on, its collector is pulled low, and it transmits a low-level fourth control signal to the switching drive module 3 through its collector. When the first switching transistor Q6 is turned off, the third control signal output by Q6 to the switching drive module 3 is a reset signal, meaning that the switching drive module 3 is not affected by the first switching transistor Q6 at this time.

[0104] Continue to combine Figure 3The first control submodule 24 includes a fifth comparator U1C. The first input of the fifth comparator U1C is connected to the output of the first sampling unit 22, and the second input is connected to the output of the reference module 21. The fifth comparator U1C outputs a low-level signal as a first control signal based on the first voltage V2 output by the first sampling unit 22 and the reference comparison voltage V7 output by the reference module 21 when the battery voltage is within a first range. The fifth comparator U1C also outputs a high-level signal as a second control signal based on the first voltage V2 output by the first sampling unit 22 and the reference comparison voltage V7 output by the reference module 21 when the battery voltage is within a second or third range.

[0105] In the above embodiments, the reference module 21, the first sampling unit 22, the second sampling unit 23, the first comparator U3A and the second comparator U1A are used to output different sets of charging signals according to the battery voltage, so as to intelligently control the charging state of the battery BAT and intelligently switch between fast charging and slow charging, taking into account both charging safety and charging efficiency.

[0106] In some optional embodiments, when the battery voltage is within a first range, the first voltage V2 sampled by the first sampling unit 22 is less than the reference comparison voltage V7, and the second voltage V8 sampled by the second sampling unit 23 is less than the reference comparison voltage V7, i.e., V2 < V7 and V8 < V7. When the battery voltage is within a second range, the first voltage V2 sampled by the first sampling unit 22 is greater than the reference comparison voltage V7, and the second voltage V8 sampled by the second sampling unit 23 is less than the reference comparison voltage V7, i.e., V2 > V7 and V8 < V7. When the battery voltage is within a third range, the first voltage V2 sampled by the first sampling unit 22 is greater than the reference comparison voltage V7, and the second voltage V8 sampled by the second sampling unit 23 is greater than the reference comparison voltage V7, i.e., V2 > V7 and V8 > V7.

[0107] When the battery voltage is within the first range (e.g., the battery voltage is less than the first threshold T1), it is in the initial stage of charging and the battery voltage is relatively small. Therefore, the first voltage V2 sampled by the first sampling unit 22 is less than the reference comparison voltage V7, and the second voltage V8 sampled by the second sampling unit 23 is less than the reference comparison voltage V7. As a result, the fifth comparator U1C outputs a low-level first control signal, and the first comparator U3A outputs a low-level third control signal.

[0108] When the battery voltage is within the second range (first threshold T1 < battery voltage < second threshold T2), the battery voltage increases as it is charged. Therefore, the first voltage V2 sampled by the first sampling unit 22 is greater than the reference comparison voltage V7, and the second voltage V8 sampled by the second sampling unit 23 is less than the reference comparison voltage V7. As a result, the fifth comparator U1C outputs a high-level second control signal, and the first comparator U3A outputs a low-level third control signal.

[0109] When the battery voltage is within the third range (the battery voltage is greater than the second threshold T2), the battery BAT is fully charged as it is charged. Therefore, the first voltage V2 sampled by the first sampling unit 22 is greater than the reference comparison voltage V7, and the second voltage V8 sampled by the second sampling unit 23 is greater than the reference comparison voltage V7. As a result, the fifth comparator U1C outputs a high-level second control signal, and the first comparator U3A outputs a high-level fourth control signal.

[0110] In some alternative embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The switching drive module 3 includes a second switch Q5, a resistor R16, a first capacitor C2, and a second capacitor C3. The base of the second switch Q5 is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor C3 and the second terminal of the resistor R16. The first terminal of the resistor R16 is connected to the output terminal of the first control submodule 24, the output terminal of the second control submodule 25, and the first terminal of the first capacitor C2. The emitter of the second switch Q5, the second terminal of the first capacitor C2, and the second terminal of the second capacitor C3 are grounded. The collector of the second switch Q5 is connected to the control terminal of the switching module 1.

[0111] Furthermore, the collector of the second switching transistor Q5 is connected to the control terminal of the relay of the switching module 1. Specifically, the collector of the second switching transistor Q5 is connected to the first terminal (contact 4) of the relay coil, and the second terminal (contact 5) of the coil is connected to the reference voltage VCC through resistor R6.

[0112] When the battery voltage is within the first range, the second switch Q5 is turned off based on the first control signal and the third control signal to output a holding signal.

[0113] When the battery voltage is within the second range, the second switch Q5 is turned on based on the second control signal and the third control signal to output the first switching signal; and the first capacitor C2 and the second capacitor C3 are charged based on the second control signal to maintain the conduction of the second switch Q5.

[0114] When the battery voltage is within the third range, the second switch Q5 is turned off based on the second control signal and the fourth control signal to output the second switching signal, and the first capacitor C2 and the second capacitor C3 are discharged through the second control submodule 25.

[0115] When the battery voltage is within the first range (e.g., the battery voltage is less than the first threshold T1), the fifth comparator U1C outputs a low-level first control signal, the second switch Q5 is turned off based on the first control signal, the first comparator U3A outputs a low-level third control signal, the first switch Q6 does not affect the second switch Q5, and therefore the second switch Q5 outputs a hold signal.

[0116] When the battery voltage falls within the second range (first threshold T1 < battery voltage < second threshold T2), the fifth comparator U1C outputs a high-level second control signal, providing operating voltage to the control terminal of the second switch Q5. The first comparator U3A outputs a low-level third control signal, and the first switch Q6 remains off. At this time, the first switch Q6 does not affect the second switch Q5. Because the high-level output of the fifth comparator U1C provides operating voltage to the control terminal of the second switch Q5, the second switch Q5 turns on, outputting the first switching signal. Furthermore, the first capacitor C2 and the second capacitor C3 are charged based on the high-level second control signal output by the third comparator U1B, maintaining the conduction of the second switch Q5.

[0117] When the battery voltage is within the third range (the battery voltage is greater than the second threshold T2), the fifth comparator U1C outputs a high-level second control signal, the first comparator U3A outputs a high-level fourth control signal, the first switch Q6 is turned on, thereby pulling down the voltage at the control terminal of the second switch Q5, the second switch Q5 is turned off, so as to output the second switching signal, and the first capacitor C2 and the second capacitor C3 are discharged through the first switch Q6.

[0118] In the above embodiments, the charging state of the battery (BAT) is intelligently controlled based on the battery voltage, allowing for intelligent switching between fast and slow charging, thus balancing charging safety and efficiency. Furthermore, the introduction of the first capacitor C2 and the second capacitor C3 prevents the relay from repeatedly opening and closing when the output is disconnected due to overcurrent. Additionally, during fast charging, the first capacitor C2 and the second capacitor C3 are charged; during overcurrent, they supply power to pins 1 and 2 of the second switching transistor Q5, keeping Q5 conducting for a period of time to prevent the relay from opening.

[0119] In some alternative embodiments, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the charging circuit also includes a voltage regulator module 5 and an overcurrent detection module 4.

[0120] The voltage regulator module 5 is used to connect the input power supply and the power input terminal, and to convert the input power supply into a charging voltage input to the power input terminal; the overcurrent detection module 4 is connected to the common contact and the voltage regulator module 5, and is used to perform overcurrent detection on the charging process of the battery BAT in the first charging circuit or the second charging circuit, and to output an overcurrent signal V1 to control the voltage regulator module 5 to turn off when an overcurrent occurs; the first charging circuit is a charging circuit formed by the battery BAT and the first resistor unit; the first charging circuit is a charging circuit formed by the battery BAT and the second resistor unit.

[0121] The voltage regulator module 5 processes the input voltage VIN to provide charging voltage to the battery BAT.

[0122] The overcurrent detection module 4 can detect the current during the charging process. When an overcurrent occurs, it controls the voltage regulator module 5 to shut down, stopping the charging of the battery BAT and preventing damage to the battery BAT. The battery BAT charging process includes a first charging circuit and a second charging circuit. During charging of the battery BAT through the first and second charging circuits, the overcurrent detection module 4 can detect the current in both circuits and monitor it. If the detection result indicates an overcurrent, it controls the voltage regulator module 5 to shut down, stopping the charging of the battery BAT.

[0123] In some alternative embodiments, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 The overcurrent detection module 4 includes a current sampling unit 41, a second comparator U1A, and an output unit 43. The current sampling unit 41 samples the reference voltage VCC; the first and second input terminals of the second comparator U1A are connected to the current sampling unit 41 and a common contact, respectively; the input terminal of the output unit 43 is connected to the output terminal of the second comparator U1A, and its output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module 5.

[0124] The second comparator U1A is used to output a high-level signal when the current sampled by the current sampling unit 41 during the charging process of battery BAT is greater than the reference current sampled by the current sampling unit 41. The output unit 43 is used to output an overcurrent signal V1 to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module 5 based on the high-level signal, so as to control the voltage regulator module 5 to turn off.

[0125] In some alternative embodiments, combined with Figure 5As shown, the output unit 43 includes a third switch Q3, a fourth switch Q7, and a first diode D3. The base of the third switch Q3 is connected to the output terminal of the second comparator U1A. The emitter of the third switch Q3 is connected to the base, and the collector of the third switch Q3 is connected to the base of the fourth switch Q7. The emitter of the fourth switch Q7 is connected to the reference voltage VCC. The collector of the fourth switch Q7 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first diode D3. The negative input terminal of the first diode D3 is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module 5. When an overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery BAT, the third switch Q3 is turned on, and the fourth switch Q7 is turned on under the action of the reference voltage VCC. An overcurrent signal V1 is output to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module 5 through the first diode D3.

[0126] In this circuit, the third switch Q3 is an NPN transistor, and the fourth switch Q7 is a PNP transistor. When an overcurrent occurs during battery BAT charging, the second comparator U1A outputs a high-level signal, turning on the third switch Q3, which in turn turns on the fourth switch Q7. This outputs an overcurrent signal V1 through the first diode D3 to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module 5, thereby controlling the voltage regulator module 5 to shut down and stop charging the battery BAT, preventing damage to the battery BAT and effectively protecting the stability of both the battery BAT and the charger.

[0127] In some optional embodiments, the voltage regulator module 5 includes: a first voltage regulator switching unit 51 and a second voltage regulator switching unit 52;

[0128] The first terminal, the second terminal, and the control terminal of the first voltage regulator unit 51 are respectively used to connect the input voltage Vin, one terminal of the battery BAT, and the first terminal of the second voltage regulator unit 52.

[0129] The second terminal of the second voltage regulator unit 52 is grounded. The control terminal of the second voltage regulator unit 52 is used to connect one end of the battery BAT and the overcurrent detection module 4. The first terminal of the second voltage regulator unit 52 is also connected to the input voltage VIN input from the power supply port.

[0130] When the input voltage VIN is applied, the first voltage regulator unit 51 is turned on to control the second voltage regulator unit 52 to be turned on. The turned-on second voltage regulator unit 52 is used to control the first voltage regulator unit 51 to be turned off. During the cyclic switching process of the first voltage regulator unit 51 and the second voltage regulator unit 52, a stable power supply voltage Vbat is provided to one end of the battery BAT.

[0131] The second voltage regulator unit 52 is also used to disconnect based on the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent detection module 4, so as to control the first voltage regulator unit 51 to disconnect, thereby cutting off the power supply port and one end of the battery BAT.

[0132] Further reference Figure 5 The first voltage regulator unit 51 includes a switch Q1, a switch Q2 and a resistor R2.

[0133] The second voltage regulator unit 52 includes a switch Q4, resistors R5, R4, R10, and R11.

[0134] In this configuration, the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R2 and is connected to the input voltage VIN. The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the forward input terminal of diode D1. The reverse input terminal of diode D1 is connected to one end of battery BAT. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R2. The base of transistor Q2 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R5 and the collector of transistor Q4. The first terminal of resistor R5 is connected to the input voltage VIN. The emitter of transistor Q4 is grounded. The base of transistor Q4 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R10. The second terminal of resistor R10 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R4 and the first terminal of resistor R11. The second terminal of resistor R11 is grounded. The first terminal of resistor R4 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q1 and the forward input terminal of diode D1.

[0135] When the input voltage VIN is present, the switch Q2 is turned on by default, providing the turn-on voltage to the switch Q1. The switch Q1 receives the turn-on voltage and turns on, outputting the supply voltage Vbat. Resistors R4 and R11 are connected in series to divide the supply voltage Vbat, resulting in a voltage divider greater than 0.7V. This voltage divider is input to the base of switch Q4, causing Q4 to conduct. The conduction of Q4 pulls down the base voltage of switch Q2, thus turning off switches Q2 and Q1, stopping the output of supply voltage Vbat. Switch Q4 then turns off, and switches Q2 and Q1 conduct again, outputting supply voltage Vbat once more. This cyclic switching process of switches Q2, Q1, and Q4 provides a stable supply voltage Vbat to battery BAT. Assuming the forward voltage at pin 12 of switch Q4 is 0.7V and the forward voltage of diode D1 is 0.3V, then the supply voltage Vbat = 0.7V / R11*(R11+R4) - 0.3V.

[0136] The base of the switching transistor Q4 can also receive the overcurrent signal V1 output by the overcurrent detection module 4, and based on the overcurrent signal V1, it will be cut off, thereby turning off the switching transistors Q2 and Q1 to stop the output of the supply voltage Vbat to the battery BAT.

[0137] In some alternative embodiments, refer to Figure 6The charging circuit also includes a rectifier module 7 and a power supply voltage divider module 8. The input terminal of the rectifier module 7 is used to connect to AC power, and the output terminal of the rectifier module 7 is connected to the input terminal of the power supply voltage divider module 8. The output terminal of the power supply voltage divider module 8 is connected to the first terminal of the first voltage regulator unit 51. The rectifier module 7 converts AC power into DC power, and the power supply voltage divider module 8 provides an input voltage VIN to the first terminal of the first voltage regulator unit 51 based on the DC power.

[0138] In the above embodiment, the rectifier module 7 is a rectifier circuit composed of four diodes. The power supply voltage divider module 8 includes resistors R1 and R8. The first end of resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier module 7, and the second end of resistor R1 is connected to the first end of resistor R8, the collector of switching transistor Q1, and the collector of switching transistor Q4. The second end of resistor R8 is grounded. Therefore, the voltage divider branch composed of resistors R8 and R1 divides the DC voltage, and the input voltage VIN is the voltage division value of the DC voltage by resistor R8 in the power supply voltage divider module 8.

[0139] In addition, it should be noted that, in combination Figure 6 The reference voltage VCC involved in this application is obtained by processing the input voltage VIN through chip U2.

[0140] In some alternative embodiments, the combination continues. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the charging circuit also includes a display module 6. The first input terminal of the display module is connected to the output terminal of the overcurrent detection module 4, and the second input terminal of the display module is connected to the reference voltage VCC. The display module is used to output a first signal when an overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery BAT, and also to output a second signal when no overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery BAT.

[0141] The first and second signals represent different charging states of the battery BAT. The first signal indicates that an overcurrent has occurred during the charging process of the battery BAT, while the second signal indicates that no overcurrent has occurred during the charging process of the battery BAT. The display module can determine whether an overcurrent has occurred during the charging process of the battery BAT based on the output of the overcurrent detection module 4.

[0142] Optionally, combined Figure 4 and Figure 5 The display module includes: a third sampling unit 61, a fourth sampling unit 62, a third comparator U1B, a fourth comparator U1D, a first LED LED1, and a second LED LED2.

[0143] The third sampling unit 61 is used to sample the reference voltage VCC; the fourth sampling unit 62 is used to sample the voltage output by the overcurrent detection module 4.

[0144] The first input of the third comparator U1B is connected to the output of the third sampling unit 61, and the second input is connected to the output of the fourth sampling unit 62. The first input of the fourth comparator U1D is connected to the output of the fourth sampling unit 62, and the second input is connected to the output of the third sampling unit 61.

[0145] The first end of the first LED LED1 is connected to the output of the third comparator U1B, and the second end of the first LED LED1 is connected to the output of the fourth comparator U1D; the first end of the second LED LED2 is connected to the output of the third comparator U1B, and the second end of the second LED LED2 is connected to the output of the fourth comparator U1D.

[0146] When an overcurrent occurs during the charging process of battery BAT, the third comparator U1B outputs a low-level signal, the fourth comparator U1D outputs a high-level signal, and the first LED LED1 outputs a first signal; when no overcurrent occurs during the charging process of battery BAT, the third comparator U1B outputs a high-level signal, the fourth comparator U1D outputs a low-level signal, and the second LED LED2 outputs a second signal.

[0147] Please continue to combine Figure 5 When an overcurrent occurs during the charging process of battery BAT, the second comparator U1A outputs a high-level signal, which passes through diode D2 and the fourth sampling unit 62, and then enters the second input terminals of the third comparator U1B and the fourth comparator U1D, respectively. The third sampling unit 61 outputs a corresponding sampling signal to the first input terminals of the third comparator U1B and the fourth comparator U1D. Thus, the third comparator U1B outputs a low-level signal, the fourth comparator U1D outputs a high-level signal, the second LED LED2 is turned off, and the first LED LED1 outputs a first signal to indicate an overcurrent.

[0148] When no overcurrent occurs in battery BAT, the second comparator U1A outputs a low-level signal, and the second input terminals of the third comparator U1B and the fourth comparator U1D are also low-level signals. The third sampling unit 61 outputs the corresponding sampling signal to the first input terminals of the third comparator U1B and the fourth comparator U1D. Thus, the third comparator U1B outputs a high-level signal, the fourth comparator U1D outputs a low-level signal, the first LED LED1 is turned off, and the second LED LED2 outputs a second signal to indicate that no overcurrent has occurred.

[0149] In the above embodiments, the first signal and the second signal respectively represent overcurrent and no overcurrent, which can promptly inform the user.

[0150] Secondly, this application also provides an energy storage device, including the charging circuit described in any of the above embodiments.

[0151] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0152] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A charging circuit, characterized in that, include: The switching module is configured with a control terminal, a common contact, a first resistor unit that can be disconnected from the common contact, and a second resistor unit that can be disconnected from the common contact. The two ends of the battery are used to connect to the common contact and the power input terminal of the charging circuit. The resistance value of the first resistor unit is greater than that of the second resistor unit. When the first resistor unit and the common contact are connected, it is in a first conducting state. When the second resistor unit and the common contact are connected, it is in a second conducting state. A charging control module, connected to the battery, includes: The reference module is used to connect to the supply voltage to obtain a reference comparison voltage; The first sampling unit and the second sampling unit are both connected to the power input terminal for connecting the battery, and both the first sampling unit and the second sampling unit are used to sample the battery voltage. A first control submodule, the input of which is connected to the first sampling unit and the reference module, and the output of which is connected to the switching drive module; The second control submodule has its input connected to the second sampling unit and the reference module; its output is connected to the switching drive module. At the same time, the first voltage input from the first sampling unit to the first control submodule is greater than the second voltage input from the second sampling unit to the second control submodule; The first control submodule is configured to output a first control signal based on the first voltage and the reference comparison voltage when the battery voltage is within a first range, and is also configured to output a second control signal based on the first voltage and the reference comparison voltage when the battery voltage is within a second range or a third range; the second control submodule is configured to output a third control signal based on the second voltage and the reference comparison voltage when the battery voltage is within the first range or the second range, and is also configured to output a fourth control signal based on the second voltage and the reference comparison voltage when the battery voltage is within the third range; the voltage values ​​in the first range, the second range, and the third range increase sequentially; A switching drive module, connected to the charging control module, is configured to maintain a shutdown state based on the first control signal and the third control signal when the battery voltage is within the first range, thereby outputting a hold signal; it is also configured to switch from a shutdown state to a conduction state based on the second control signal and the third control signal when the battery voltage is within the second range, thereby outputting a first switching signal; and it is also configured to switch from a conduction state to a shutdown state based on the second control signal and the fourth control signal when the battery voltage is within the third range, thereby outputting a second switching signal. The switching module is used to maintain a first conduction state based on the holding signal, and is also used to switch from the first conduction state to a second conduction state based on the first switching signal, and to switch from the second conduction state to the first conduction state based on the second switching signal.

2. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second control submodule includes: The first comparator has its first and second input terminals connected to the second sampling unit and the reference module, respectively. The first switching transistor has its control terminal and output terminal connected to the output terminal of the first comparator and the switching drive module, respectively. When the battery voltage is within the first range or the second range, the first comparator is used to output a low-level signal based on the second voltage and the reference comparison voltage, and the first switch is turned off under the control of the low-level signal to output a third control signal. When the battery voltage is within the third range, the first comparator outputs a high-level signal based on the second voltage and the reference comparison voltage, and the first switch is turned on under the control of the high-level signal to output a fourth control signal.

3. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the battery voltage is within a first range, the first voltage sampled by the first sampling unit is less than the reference comparison voltage, and the second voltage sampled by the second sampling unit is less than the reference comparison voltage; When the battery voltage is within the second range, the first voltage sampled by the first sampling unit is greater than the reference comparison voltage, and the second voltage sampled by the second sampling unit is less than the reference comparison voltage. When the battery voltage is within the third range, the first voltage sampled by the first sampling unit is greater than the reference comparison voltage, and the second voltage sampled by the second sampling unit is greater than the reference comparison voltage.

4. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching drive module includes a second switch, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor; the base of the second switch is connected to the output terminal of the first control submodule, the output terminal of the second control submodule, the first terminal of the first capacitor, and the first terminal of the second capacitor; the emitter of the second switch, the second terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor are grounded, and the collector of the second switch is connected to the control terminal of the switching module. When the battery voltage is within a first range, the second switch is turned off based on the first control signal and the third control signal to output a holding signal; When the battery voltage is within the second range, the second switch is turned on based on the second control signal and the third control signal to output a first switching signal; and the first capacitor and the second capacitor are charged based on the second control signal to maintain the conduction of the second switch. When the battery voltage is within the third range, the second switch is turned off based on the second control signal and the fourth control signal to output the second switching signal, and the first capacitor and the second capacitor are discharged through the second control submodule.

5. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging circuit also includes a voltage regulator module and an overcurrent detection module; The voltage regulator module is used to connect the input power supply and the power input terminal, and to convert the input power supply into a charging voltage input to the power input terminal. The overcurrent detection module is connected to the common contact and the voltage regulator module. It is used to detect overcurrent during the charging process of the battery using the first charging circuit or the second charging circuit, and to output an overcurrent signal to control the voltage regulator module to shut down when an overcurrent occurs. The first charging circuit is a charging circuit formed by the battery and the first resistor unit; the first charging circuit is a charging circuit formed by the battery and the second resistor unit.

6. The charging circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The overcurrent detection module includes: The current sampling unit is used to sample the reference voltage; The second comparator has its first and second input terminals connected to the current sampling unit and the common contact, respectively. The output unit has an input terminal connected to the output terminal of the second comparator and an output terminal connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module. The second comparator is used to output a high-level signal when the current sampled by the current sampling unit during the battery charging process is greater than the reference current sampled by the current sampling unit. The output unit is used to output an overcurrent signal to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module based on the high-level signal to control the voltage regulator module to turn off.

7. The charging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The output unit includes a third switch, a fourth switch, and a first diode. The base of the third switch is connected to the output terminal of the second comparator. The emitter of the third switch is connected to the base of the fourth switch. The emitter of the fourth switch is connected to a reference voltage. The collector of the fourth switch is connected to the positive input terminal of the first diode. The negative input terminal of the first diode is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module. When an overcurrent occurs during the battery charging process, the third switch is turned on, the fourth switch is turned on under the action of the reference voltage, and the overcurrent signal is output to the control terminal of the voltage regulator module through the first diode.

8. The charging circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage regulator module includes: a first voltage regulator switching unit and a second voltage regulator switching unit; The first terminal, the second terminal, and the control terminal of the first voltage regulator unit are respectively used to connect the input voltage, one end of the battery, and the first terminal of the second voltage regulator unit; The second terminal of the second voltage regulator unit is grounded, the control terminal of the second voltage regulator unit is used to connect one end of the battery and the overcurrent detection module, and the first terminal of the second voltage regulator unit is also connected to the input voltage input from the power supply port; When the input voltage is applied, the first voltage regulator unit is turned on to control the second voltage regulator unit to be turned on. The turned-on second voltage regulator unit is used to control the first voltage regulator unit to be turned off. During the cyclic switching process of the first voltage regulator unit and the second voltage regulator unit, a stable power supply voltage is provided to one end of the battery. The second voltage regulator unit is also used to disconnect based on the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent detection module, so as to control the first voltage regulator unit to disconnect, thereby cutting off the power supply port and one end of the battery.

9. The charging circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The charging circuit also includes a display module. The first input terminal of the display module is connected to the output terminal of the overcurrent detection module, and the second input terminal of the display module is connected to the reference voltage. The display module is used to output a first signal when an overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery, and also to output a second signal when no overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery.

10. The charging circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The display module includes: The third sampling unit is used to sample the reference voltage. The fourth sampling unit is used to sample the voltage output by the overcurrent detection module; The third comparator has its first input connected to the output of the third sampling unit and its second input connected to the output of the fourth sampling unit. The fourth comparator has its first input connected to the output of the fourth sampling unit and its second input connected to the output of the third sampling unit. A first LED light, the first end of which is connected to the output of the third comparator, and the second end of which is connected to the output of the fourth comparator; The second LED light has its first end connected to the output of the third comparator and its second end connected to the output of the fourth comparator. When an overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery, the third comparator outputs a low-level signal, the fourth comparator outputs a high-level signal, and the first LED outputs a first signal; when no overcurrent occurs during the charging process of the battery, the third comparator outputs a high-level signal, the fourth comparator outputs a low-level signal, and the second LED outputs a second signal.

11. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes the charging circuit according to any one of claims 1-10.

Images