A shield machine integrity dismantling device and method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of shield machine construction equipment, and discloses a shield machine integrity dismantling device and a method thereof, which comprises laying a walking rail in a working area, driving a car body to move along the walking rail by using a reversing box and a walking oil cylinder, driving a turnover oil cylinder to extend to drive a turnover gantry to be in a vertical state, driving a moving slide rail and a lower clamp to vertically displace, connecting an upper clamp and the lower clamp to a to-be-dismantled object, driving the turnover oil cylinder to contract to pull the turnover gantry, converting the to-be-dismantled object into a horizontal posture to be removed, restoring the turnover gantry to a horizontal state, deploying a jacking oil cylinder and pushing a plurality of mutually spliced heightening modules, and upwardly receiving the weight of a top shield body plate to be dismantled and separated. The turnover oil cylinder pulls the turnover gantry to complete stable posture conversion of heavy components of the shield machine, the jacking oil cylinder stacks the heightening modules to provide anti-falling support nodes, the adjusting bolt assembly is used for fine adjustment of the lower clamp to adapt to different lifting point spacings, and in-situ dismantling is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction equipment technology, specifically to a TBM integrity dismantling device and method. Background Technology

[0002] After completing the tunnel excavation task, the tunnel boring machine (TBM) often needs to be dismantled in situ inside the tunnel due to space constraints in the receiving shaft or underground environment conditions. The TBM contains heavy components such as the assembly machine, traveling beam, H-frame, auger conveyor, main drive, cutterhead, and shield body sections. These heavy components are heavy and bulky.

[0003] The working space inside the tunnel is confined, lacking sufficient vertical lifting height. Operators face difficulties in repositioning heavy components when disassembling the auger and main drive. If heavy components, after detaching from the main tunnel boring machine (TBM) structure, are directly tilted within the confined tunnel space, they could collide with tunnel segments or surrounding facilities, causing damage and potentially leading to a safety accident. Conventional lifting equipment cannot smoothly convert upright heavy components to a horizontal position and remove them within the confined space.

[0004] When disassembling the top shield plate of a tunnel boring machine (TBM), operators need to cut and separate it. Due to gravity, the top shield plate is at risk of falling downwards at the moment of disconnection. Currently used auxiliary support methods are insufficient to provide a stable and adaptable load-bearing node, and cannot provide reliable fall protection for the top shield plate within the confined vertical space.

[0005] Different components inside a tunnel boring machine (TBM) have varying dimensions and lifting point spacing. Conventional dismantling fixtures are typically designed for specific, single-target components, with fixed lifting and connection positions. However, when dealing with components such as cutterhead sections, auger conveyors, and main drives that differ significantly in size, operators must frequently change different specialized gripping fixtures. This frequent fixture changes increase the complexity of the dismantling operation and extend the construction period. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a shield machine integrity dismantling device and method, which solves the problems that existing shield machine heavy components cannot smoothly rotate from vertical to horizontal attitude in the confined space of the tunnel, the top shield plate lacks load-bearing support during the cutting and separation stage and is at risk of falling, and the single dismantling tool cannot be adapted to dismantling objects with different lifting point spacings.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a shield machine integrity dismantling device, including a support steel plate, a traveling rail and a frame body. The support steel plate is horizontally arranged on a preset reference surface at the bottom of the working area. Multiple traveling rails are anchored on the upper surface of the support steel plate by fasteners. The frame body is arranged directly above the traveling rails. Multiple reversing boxes are arranged on the outer side of the traveling rail located behind the vehicle frame body. A traveling hydraulic cylinder is horizontally arranged between the opposite end faces of two adjacent reversing boxes and between the foremost reversing box and the rear end face of the vehicle frame body. The front end face of the vehicle frame body is vertically provided with a vertically positioned tilting mast, and the bottom end face of the vehicle frame body and the tilting mast are hinged together by a horizontally positioned tilting shaft. Multiple tilting cylinders are obliquely installed between the horizontal top surface of the vehicle frame body and the vertical back surface of the tilting mast.

[0008] Preferably, an upper clamp is installed at the top of the surface of the flip-up gantry facing directly forward, and a moving slide rail is vertically arranged in the lower part of the surface of the flip-up gantry facing directly forward, with a lower clamp installed on the surface of the moving slide rail; The front force-bearing surface of the upper clamp and both ends of the horizontal beam of the lower clamp are equipped with rotatable connecting joints. The rotatable connector includes a fixed base and a rotating earring. The fixed base is welded to the front end surface of the upper clamp or the lower clamp, and the rotating earring is threaded through the interior of the fixed base via a pin.

[0009] Preferably, a long rod-shaped adjusting bolt assembly is vertically arranged on the front surface of the tilting gantry, and the longitudinal center line of the adjusting bolt assembly is parallel to the extension direction of the moving slide rail; The two sides of the movable slide rail are machined with dovetail groove structures, and the back plate of the lower clamp is provided with a dovetail slider that matches the size of the dovetail groove structure. The dovetail slider is inserted into the dovetail groove structure.

[0010] Preferably, it includes four sets of synchronously operating lifting platforms, two sets of the lifting platforms are vertically installed on the surface of the tilting gantry, and the remaining two sets of the lifting platforms are symmetrically installed on the top horizontal surface of the vehicle frame body; Each of the lifting platforms includes multiple lifting cylinders fixed at the bottom and a heightening module located directly above the lifting cylinders; Above the topmost heightened module, a top support frame with a grid-like skeleton is horizontally arranged, and multiple auxiliary clamps are installed on the horizontal top surface of the top support frame.

[0011] Preferably, the heightening modules, which have a grid-like intersecting metal structure, are stacked and spliced ​​alternately in the vertical direction; Mechanical latches are provided on the outside of the side contact areas of the vertically adjacent heightened modules; The mechanical latch includes a hook hinged to the side wall of the lower heightening module and a pin fixed to the side wall of the upper heightening module, wherein the cylindrical surface of the pin is engaged with an upwardly flipped hook.

[0012] Preferably, the inner cavity of the reversing box accommodates a clamping mechanism, which includes a clamping block and a hydraulic drive component; The clamping block retracts inward under the thrust of the hydraulic drive component, and the clamping block fits against and presses against the two side walls of the traveling rail. The clamping mechanism has a serrated anti-slip pattern on its surface, which is embedded in the surface metal layer of the traveling rail.

[0013] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for the integrity dismantling of a tunnel boring machine (TBM), applied to a TBM integrity dismantling device, comprising the following steps: Obtain the working face elevation of the tunnel boring machine to be dismantled, lay support steel plates horizontally on the preset reference surface at the bottom of the working area, and install multiple traveling steel rails parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel boring machine on the top surface of the support steel plates. Place the chassis body and multiple commutator boxes on the travel rail, and manipulate the commutator boxes located at the rear to clamp the travel rail; The control system connects the reversing box and the frame body to the travel cylinder to perform a horizontal extension of the piston rod, outputting a forward thrust to drive the reversing box and the frame body to slide forward a preset distance along the travel rail. Hydraulic oil is injected into the tilting cylinders, and multiple tilting cylinders are operated to extend synchronously, driving the tilting gantry to overcome gravity and perform a tilting action, switching between a horizontal state lying flat on the surface of the vehicle frame and a vertical state perpendicular to the surface of the traveling rail.

[0014] Preferably, after the front reversing box and the frame body slide forward a preset distance, the front reversing box presses against the travel rail, and the rear reversing box disengages from the travel rail. The traveling cylinder performs a piston rod retraction action, dragging the reversing box at the rear forward along the traveling rail; The rear reversing box re-locks and presses the traveling rail, while the front reversing box simultaneously releases its locking action. The alternating locking and unlocking and hydraulic cylinder extension and retraction steps are executed cyclically to drive the frame body to move to the initial working position in a stepping manner.

[0015] Preferably, after the tilting gantry is in a vertical position, the adjusting bolt assembly is activated to perform rotational transmission and convert it into a vertical linear thrust, driving the moving slide rail together with the lower clamp to make vertical height fine adjustments along the surface of the tilting gantry; After fine-tuning, use fasteners to lock the rotatable connecting joints of the upper clamp and the lower clamp to the preset lifting points on the surface of the object to be disassembled, thus establishing a rigid connection; Remove the fastening bolts between the object to be disassembled and the main structure of the tunnel boring machine, cut off the connection, start the tilting cylinder and retract the piston rod into the internal cylinder body, and pull the tilting gantry backward; The flipping action continues until the back of the object to be disassembled presses against the floating adjustable support beam above the frame body, providing an upward supporting force, and controlling the frame body to carry the object to be disassembled back along the traveling rail to a safe lifting position.

[0016] Preferably, the tilting gantry is controlled to return to a horizontal, flat position, the upper clamp located on top of the tilting gantry is removed, and the vehicle frame body is controlled to slide to the area directly below the top shield plate to be removed; Four sets of lifting cylinders are deployed at the original mounting position of the upper clamp of the tilting gantry and on the surface of the vehicle frame body; The four sets of lifting cylinders extend upwards simultaneously, pushing the bottommost heightening module and raising the stacked heightening modules and the top top support frame as a whole. The new heightening module is pushed horizontally into the space above the lifting cylinder. The mechanical latches on the sides of the two adjacent heightening modules are closed and locked. The steps of lifting, inserting the heightening module, and locking are repeated in a cycle, and the modules are continuously stacked in the vertical direction to form a force-supporting structure.

[0017] This invention provides a device and method for the integrity-based dismantling of a tunnel boring machine. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention features a tilting gantry hinged to the front end of the chassis body. A tilting cylinder is installed between the chassis body and the tilting gantry. Combined with the dismantling method of pulling the tilting gantry backward using the tilting cylinder, the tilting gantry is driven to carry the object to be dismantled and overcome gravity to tilt backward. The upper and lower clamps on the surface of the tilting gantry are equipped with rotatable connecting joints at their front ends. These rotatable connecting joints adaptively rotate and adjust during the posture change phase of the object to be dismantled as it tilts backward, releasing torsional stress. Combined with the method of switching the tilting gantry between horizontal and vertical states, the object to be dismantled is transformed from a vertical posture to a horizontal posture lying flat on the surface of the chassis body. This avoids hard collisions under limited dismantling space conditions and completes the in-situ posture conversion and stable load-bearing removal of the internal components of the tunnel boring machine.

[0018] 2. This invention deploys lifting cylinders on the surface of the flipping gantry and the surface of the chassis body. The lifting cylinders push the heightening module located at the bottom. Combined with the dismantling steps of cyclically lifting, inserting the heightening module, and manipulating the mechanical locks on the sides of the adjacent heightening modules to close and lock, multiple heightening modules are alternately stacked and spliced ​​in the vertical direction. The stacked heightening modules and the top top supporting chassis are lifted as a whole. The auxiliary clamps are attached to and locked to the bottom surface of the top shield plate to be dismantled. During the cutting and separation stage of the top shield plate, an upward supporting thrust is output to support the weight of the top shield plate and limit the displacement freedom of the top shield plate falling downward, providing a load-bearing support node for the dismantling operation of the shield machine shell.

[0019] 3. This invention involves vertically setting a movable slide rail on the surface of the tilting gantry, installing a lower clamp on the surface of the movable slide rail, and setting an adjusting bolt assembly on the front surface of the tilting gantry. Combined with the method of converting the adjusting bolt assembly into a vertical linear thrust for dismantling, the movable slide rail and the lower clamp are driven to move vertically along the surface of the tilting gantry. The adjusting bolt assembly drives the lower clamp to complete the vertical height fine adjustment, so that the upper clamp and the lower clamp are aligned and locked to the preset lifting points on the surface of the object to be dismantled. This meets the docking requirements of the lifting point spacing of objects of different sizes to be dismantled, and can complete the unified gripping, connection and dismantling of the main drive of the tunnel boring machine, the cutterhead section, and the screw conveyor. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 To highlight the three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the tilting gantry of the present invention in a vertical position; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the surface structure of the flip-up gantry of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the modular assisted disassembly tool of the present invention is provided. Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the shield machine integrity dismantling method of the present invention.

[0021] The components include: 1. Supporting steel plate; 2. Traveling steel rail; 3. Reversing box; 4. Traveling hydraulic cylinder; 5. Chassis body; 6. Tilting gantry; 7. Tilting hydraulic cylinder; 8. Tilting shaft; 9. Moving slide rail; 10. Upper clamp; 11. Lower clamp; 12. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 13. Heightening module; 14. Top supporting chassis; and 15. Auxiliary clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See attached document Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 The present invention provides a shield machine integrity dismantling device, including a supporting steel plate 1, a traveling steel rail 2 and a frame body 5.

[0024] The support steel plate 1 is horizontally positioned on a pre-defined reference surface at the bottom of the working area. The support steel plate 1 increases the support area in contact with the bottom surface and disperses the concentrated downward load. Multiple traveling rails 2 are anchored to the upper surface of the support steel plate 1 using fasteners. The multiple traveling rails 2 are distributed parallel to each other, and their top surfaces are on the same horizontal plane, eliminating lateral tilting stress during the movement of the frame body 5. The traveling rails 2 comprise an integral continuous rail structure or a multi-segment spliced ​​rail structure, forming the guide path for the horizontal sliding of the frame body 5.

[0025] The multi-segment spliced ​​track structure is composed of multiple standard-length rails with their ends aligned and spliced ​​together. Fishplates are inserted between the rail ends. These fishplates are used to laterally clamp adjacent rail ends together using through bolts. After the fishplates are locked, the rail joints remain flat to prevent vertical movement of the chassis body 5 when it passes over the rail joints.

[0026] Depending on the tunnel environment of different diameter tunnel boring machines, the support structure can be replaced in the following ways: when the working face elevation of the working area is below nine meters, the support steel plate 1 is used as the basic load-bearing structure; when the demolition environment is a tunnel boring machine tunnel with a diameter greater than or equal to nine meters and a bottom box culvert, the support steel plate 1 is replaced by the box culvert at the bottom of the tunnel, and multiple traveling steel rails 2 are directly installed parallel to each other on the horizontal top surface of the box culvert to meet the basic support requirements of different construction scenarios.

[0027] The frame body 5 is positioned directly above the traveling rail 2. A set of traveling wheels is mounted on the bottom of the frame body 5, and the frame body 5 rolls against the top surface of the traveling rail 2 via these wheels. Multiple reversing boxes 3 are arranged in a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the traveling rail 2, located behind the frame body 5. The internal cavity of each reversing box 3 houses a clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes clamping blocks and a hydraulic drive component. Under the thrust of the hydraulic drive component, the clamping blocks retract inward, fitting against and pressing against the side walls of the traveling rail 2. The reversing boxes 3 are locked to the outer surface of the traveling rail 2 through the clamping mechanism, forming a fixed support point to resist horizontal thrust.

[0028] The clamping mechanism has a serrated anti-slip pattern on its surface. The serrated anti-slip pattern is embedded in the surface metal layer of the traveling rail 2. The static friction generated by the clamping mechanism is greater than the horizontal thrust output by the traveling cylinder 4 under maximum working pressure. The traveling cylinder 4 transmits the force in the opposite direction, forcing the frame body 5 to displace along the extension direction of the traveling rail 2.

[0029] A multi-segment telescopic travel cylinder 4 is horizontally installed between the opposite end faces of two adjacent reversing boxes 3, and between the foremost reversing box 3 and the rear end face of the frame body 5. The front and rear ends of the travel cylinder 4 are connected to the reversing box 3 and the frame body 5, respectively. The travel cylinder 4 performs a horizontal telescopic movement and transmits the resulting push and pull force to the reversing box 3. Utilizing the reaction force provided by the locking of the reversing box 3 and the travel rail 2, the travel cylinder 4 applies a horizontal forward thrust to the frame body 5, driving the frame body 5 to slide forward in steps. As an alternative, the drive assembly for traction of the frame body 5 can also adopt a chain drive mechanism or a wire rope traction winch mechanism. These mechanisms are located between the end of the travel rail 2 and the frame body 5, providing power for the horizontal displacement of the frame body 5.

[0030] A vertically mounted tilting mast 6 is positioned on the front end face of the frame body 5. A tilting shaft 8 extends transversely between the front end face of the frame body 5 and the bottom end face of the tilting mast 6. The tilting mast 6 is hinged to the frame body 5 around the tilting shaft 8. Multiple tilting cylinders 7 are obliquely mounted between the horizontal top surface of the frame body 5 and the vertical back surface of the tilting mast 6. The multiple tilting cylinders 7, the frame body 5, and the tilting mast 6 form a triangular load-bearing frame in space. The multiple tilting cylinders 7 provide rigid support in a static state, maintaining the current tilt angle of the tilting mast 6.

[0031] Multiple tilting cylinders 7 are arranged in an array, with their ends hinged to the chassis body 5 and the tilting mast 6, respectively. The piston rods of the tilting cylinders 7 extend and retract, outputting a tilting torque to the back of the tilting mast 6. The tilting torque output by the tilting cylinders 7 drives the tilting mast 6 to overcome gravity around the tilting axis 8, performing a tilting action, thus switching the tilting mast 6 between a horizontal state lying flat on the surface of the chassis body 5 and a vertical state perpendicular to the surface of the traveling rail 2.

[0032] A floating adjustment support beam is installed on the upper outer area of ​​the frame body 5 and on the front surface of the tilting mast 6. The floating adjustment support beam comprises a rigid shell and a sliding load-bearing panel. The sliding load-bearing panel is inserted into the rigid shell via guide posts. A helical compression spring is fitted onto the outside of the guide posts. When a heavy object contacts the sliding load-bearing panel and applies pressure, the helical compression spring is compressed, allowing the load-bearing panel to retract into the rigid shell. An elastic cushioning structure or hydraulic floating assembly is installed inside the floating adjustment support beam. During the backward tilting of the tilting mast 6 carrying the dismantled object, the floating adjustment support beam directly contacts the outer surface of the dismantled object. The floating adjustment support beam provides cushioning force against the downward pressure of the dismantled object through internal deformation and contraction, preventing structural damage caused by hard impacts.

[0033] An upper clamp 10 is installed at the top of the front-facing surface of the tilting gantry 6. A vertical sliding rail 9 is installed on the lower part of the front-facing surface of the tilting gantry 6, and a lower clamp 11 is slidably installed on the surface of the sliding rail 9.

[0034] A long rod-shaped adjusting bolt assembly is vertically mounted on the front surface of the tilting gantry 6. The longitudinal centerline of the adjusting bolt assembly is parallel to the extension direction of the moving slide rail 9. Dovetail groove structures are machined on both sides of the moving slide rail 9. A dovetail slider matching the dimensions of the dovetail groove structure is provided on the back plate of the lower clamp 11. The dovetail slider engages with the dovetail groove. The moving slide rail 9 restricts all displacement degrees of freedom of the lower clamp 11 except in the vertical direction. The adjusting bolt assembly includes a lead screw structure with external threads machined on its surface. A nut module that meshes with the lead screw structure is fixedly connected to the back of the lower clamp 11. The power source for the adjusting bolt assembly includes one of the following: an electric drive rotary mechanism, a manual mechanical adjustment mechanism, or a hydraulic linear actuator mechanism. The top end of the adjusting bolt assembly is connected to a fixed support on the surface of the tilting gantry 6, and the bottom end of the adjusting bolt assembly is rigidly connected downwards to the moving slide rail 9. When the adjusting bolt assembly is activated, it outputs a vertical force, driving the moving slide rail 9 together with the lower clamp 11 to perform vertical displacement fine-tuning along the surface of the flipping gantry 6, and then keeping it fixed after fine-tuning, which is used to match the lifting point spacing of different sized objects to be disassembled.

[0035] Rotatable connecting joints are installed on the front force-bearing surface of the upper clamp 10 and at both ends of the horizontal beam of the lower clamp 11. Each rotatable connecting joint includes a fixed base and a rotating lug. The fixed base is welded to the front surface of either the upper clamp 10 or the lower clamp 11. The rotating lug passes through the fixed base via a pin. The rotating lug performs pitch rotation within a defined angle range around the pin. The upper clamp 10 and the lower clamp 11 are rigidly connected to preset points on the surface of the object to be disassembled via the aforementioned rotatable connecting joints. Simultaneously, the rotatable connecting joints have a rotational allowance. During the posture change phase of the object being disassembled as it flips backward with the tilting gantry 6, adaptive rotation adjustment occurs inside the rotatable connecting joints, absorbing and releasing the torsional stress generated by the angular deflection, maintaining the force balance of the object being disassembled.

[0036] For the dismantling of the shield body plate and main drive of the tunnel boring machine, this device is equipped with a modular auxiliary dismantling tool. The installation conditions for this modular auxiliary dismantling tool are as follows: the tilting cylinder 7 drives the tilting gantry 6 to a horizontal position lying flat on the surface of the chassis body 5, and the upper clamp 10 is removed from its top mounting position on the tilting gantry 6, while the lower clamp 11 remains in its original mounting position. The modular auxiliary dismantling tool includes four sets of synchronously operating lifting platforms. Two sets of lifting platforms are vertically installed on the surface of the tilting gantry 6 at the original mounting positions of the clamps 10, and the remaining two sets of lifting platforms are symmetrically installed on the top horizontal surface of the chassis body 5.

[0037] Four sets of lifting platforms together form a supporting structure. Each set of lifting platforms is located at one of the four corners of the supporting structure, providing four independent vertical support points. Each set of lifting platforms includes multiple lifting cylinders 12 fixed at the bottom. The multiple lifting cylinders 12 synchronously output upward vertical thrust. A heightening module 13 is stacked directly above the lifting cylinders 12. The top output end of the lifting cylinder 12 directly abuts against the bottommost heightening module 13 and transmits the upward thrust to the heightening module 13. Each set of lifting platforms includes multiple lifting cylinders 12 operating synchronously at the bottom and a heightening module 13 located directly above the lifting cylinders 12. Multiple heightening modules 13 with a grid-like intersecting metal structure are alternately stacked and spliced ​​vertically. Mechanical latches are provided on the outside of the side contact area of ​​adjacent heightening modules 13, and the mechanical latches, when closed, form a fixed state to resist lateral slippage. The mechanical latch includes a hook hinged to the side wall of the lower heightening module 13 and a pin fixed to the side wall of the upper heightening module 13. The hook flips upward and engages with the cylindrical surface of the pin. After the hook and pin engage, they restrict vertical separation and horizontal relative sliding between adjacent heightening modules 13.

[0038] The lifting cylinder 12 outputs a vertically upward thrust, pushing the interconnected extended modules 13 upward. A top support frame 14 with a grid-like skeleton is horizontally positioned above the top extended module 13. Multiple auxiliary clamps 15 are mounted on the horizontal top surface of the top support frame 14. After vertical lifting into position, the top surface of the top support frame 14 and the auxiliary clamps 15 are aligned with the bottom surface of the top shield plate to be dismantled. The auxiliary clamps 15 are bolted in place, creating a load-bearing lifting structure that resists eccentric loading. The weight of the object to be dismantled is transmitted downwards sequentially along the auxiliary clamps 15, the top support frame 14, and the extended modules 13, ultimately distributing to the chassis below.

[0039] See attached document Figure 5 This invention provides a method for the integrity dismantling of a tunnel boring machine (TBM), applied to a TBM integrity dismantling device, specifically including the following steps: S1. Obtain the working face elevation of the tunnel boring machine (TBM) to be dismantled. When the working face elevation is below nine meters, lay a horizontal support steel plate 1 on the foundation surface at the bottom of the TBM tunnel to distribute the weight. Install multiple traveling rails 2 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the TBM tunnel on the top surface of the support steel plate 1. Operators use fasteners to fix the traveling rails 2 to the support steel plate 1. When the working face elevation is nine meters or above and a box culvert is pre-installed at the bottom of the tunnel, do not lay the support steel plate 1. Instead, lay multiple traveling rails 2 directly on the top surface of the box culvert and fix the traveling rails 2 to the surface of the box culvert using anchors.

[0040] The operator uses lifting equipment to place the chassis body 5 and multiple front and rear arrayed commutator boxes 3 onto the travel rail 2. The chassis body 5 forms rolling contact with the travel rail 2 through the bottom travel wheel set. The operator operates the clamping mechanism inside the rear commutator box 3 through an external control panel to lock it in place, clamping the rear commutator box 3 onto the travel rail 2 to form a fixed support point; simultaneously, the operator controls the front commutator box 3 to unlock, releasing the lock between the front commutator box 3 and the travel rail 2. Then, the operator controls the travel cylinder 4 connected between the commutator box 3 and the chassis body 5 to perform a horizontal extension of the piston rod. The travel cylinder 4 outputs forward thrust, which, based on the frictional reaction force provided by the rear fixed point, drives the front commutator box 3 and the chassis body 5 to slide forward a preset distance along the travel rail 2.

[0041] The frame body 5 stops sliding and completes a single forward movement. The clamping mechanism inside the front reversing box 3 is hydraulically driven to press against the travel rail 2. The front reversing box 3 becomes immovable, cutting off the force path for the frame body 5 to move backward. The clamping mechanism inside the rear reversing box 3 disengages from the travel rail 2. The rear reversing box 3 regains the freedom to slide linearly along the travel rail 2. The travel cylinder 4 performs a piston rod retraction action, dragging the rear reversing box 3 forward along the travel rail 2. After the piston rod of the travel cylinder 4 is fully retracted, the rear reversing box 3 reaches the end of its stroke. The rear reversing box 3 re-executes the locking action and presses against the travel rail 2. The front reversing box 3 simultaneously performs a release action. The external control panel cyclically issues alternating locking and pushing / pull action commands. The alternating locking and unlocking, as well as the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinders, are executed in a cyclical manner (the traction operation can be replaced by a chain winch or wire rope towing traction operation), and the drive frame body 5 moves to the initial working position in front of the tunnel boring machine to be demolished in a stepping manner.

[0042] The hydraulic pump station injects hydraulic oil into the tilting cylinders 7, which are installed at an angle. The operator manipulates multiple tilting cylinders 7 to extend synchronously. The tilting cylinders 7 output an upward thrust to the tilting gantry 6, driving the tilting gantry 6 to overcome its own weight and rotate upward around the tilting shaft 8 at the bottom, switching from a horizontal state lying flat on the frame body 5 to a vertical state perpendicular to the traveling rail 2.

[0043] S2. After the tilting gantry 6 is in a vertical position and close to the auger or H-beam to be dismantled inside the tunnel boring machine, the operator activates the adjusting bolt assembly. The adjusting bolt assembly performs rotational transmission, which is converted into linear thrust in the vertical direction, driving the moving slide rail 9 together with the lower clamp 11 to make a fine vertical adjustment along the surface of the tilting gantry 6. Through fine adjustment, the rotating connecting joint at the front end of the upper clamp 10 is aligned with the first preset lifting point on the surface of the object to be dismantled, while the rotating connecting joint at the front end of the lower clamp 11 is aligned with the second preset lifting point.

[0044] The operator uses fasteners to lock the swivel joints of the upper clamp 10 and lower clamp 11 to the corresponding lifting points, establishing a rigid connection between the device and the screw conveyor or H-beam. The operator then removes the fastening bolts between the screw conveyor or H-beam and the main structure of the tunnel boring machine, severing the connection between the screw conveyor or H-beam.

[0045] After the connection is severed, the weight of the screw conveyor or H-beam is entirely borne by the upper clamp 10 and the lower clamp 11. The tilting gantry 6 bears the forward overturning moment. The tilting cylinder 7 is activated and retracts its piston rod into the internal cylinder. The tilting cylinder 7 pulls the tilting gantry 6 backward. The backward pulling force overcomes the forward overturning moment generated by the screw conveyor or H-beam. During the tilting phase when the center of gravity shifts backward, the internal part of the upper and lower rotating connection joint undergoes adaptive deflection, absorbing and releasing the stress generated by the screw conveyor or H-beam during angular deflection, maintaining the force balance of the dismantled components.

[0046] The flipping motion continues until the back of the screw conveyor or H-beam presses against the floating adjustable support beam above the frame body 5. The elastic buffer structure deforms under pressure and absorbs the downward impact, providing upward support. The weight of the screw conveyor or H-beam is transferred to the floating adjustable support beam and the frame body 5, achieving a change in the stress state. Subsequently, the stepping traction operation in S1 is restarted, controlling the frame body 5 to carry the horizontally placed dismantled items back along the traveling rail 2 to the safe lifting position.

[0047] S3. Control the tilting gantry 6 to return to a horizontal, flat position. Remove the upper clamp 10 from the top of the tilting gantry 6, clearing the space above. Control the chassis body 5 to slide to the area directly below the top shield plate to be removed.

[0048] Four sets of lifting cylinders 12 are deployed on the original mounting position of the upper clamp 10 of the flipping mast 6 and on the surface of the frame body 5. The four sets of lifting cylinders 12 extend upward simultaneously, pushing the bottommost heightening module 13, and lifting the stacked heightening module 13 and the top top support frame 14 as a whole.

[0049] After the lifting cylinder 12 completes a single lift, space appears at the bottom. The operating equipment pushes the new heightening module 13 horizontally into the space above the lifting cylinder 12. The bottom plane of the new heightening module 13 is placed flush against the bearing end face of the lifting cylinder 12. The top plane of the new heightening module 13 aligns with the bottom plane of the suspended heightening module 13 above it. Then, the operator operates the mechanical latches on the sides of the two adjacent heightening modules 13 to close and lock, establishing a connection. After the lifting cylinder 12 retracts, it lifts the new bottommost heightening module 13 again. The steps of lifting, inserting the heightening module 13, and locking are repeated, continuously stacking them in the vertical direction to form a load-bearing support structure.

[0050] Continue lifting until the top support frame 14 and its auxiliary clamps 15 are in contact with the bottom surface of the top shield plate. Lock the auxiliary clamps 15 to preset points inside the shield plate to establish the lifting support structure.

[0051] The lifting support structure and the top shield plate form a linked force-bearing whole. The lifting support structure provides an upward support force equal to the weight of the top shield plate, and the top shield plate loses its freedom to fall, thus providing operators with a safe cutting operation space.

[0052] Operators used cutting equipment to disconnect the top shield plate from the main body of the tunnel boring machine. The weight of the top shield plate was transferred to the chassis body 5 and the stacked lifting modules 13. Then, the reverse operation was performed: the lifting cylinder 12 supported the load and retracted slightly, releasing the mechanical locks one by one and pulling out the bottommost lifting module 13. Using gravity and the control of the lifting cylinder 12, the top shield plate was lowered in a controlled manner. After descending to a safe height, the chassis body 5, carrying the shield plate, stepped backward and withdrew.

[0053] S4. Reinstall the upper clamp 10 on top of the tilting mast 6. Move the control frame body 5 to the front of the main drive, during which the tilting mast 6 remains vertical.

[0054] Align and connect the first and second preset lifting points of the main drive using the upper clamp 10 and lower clamp 11. Disconnect the main drive from the main tunnel boring machine body. There is a limit support groove at the bottom of the main drive. The operator works with the equipment to perform the escape operation: adjust the bolt assembly or external lifting equipment to provide upward pulling force, pull the main drive upward a preset distance, and the bottom of the main drive disengages from the lower limit support groove.

[0055] After the main drive is released from the restraint of the limiting support groove, the tilting cylinder 7 initiates the retraction procedure. The tilting cylinder 7 pulls the tilting mast 6 backward. The tilting mast 6 drags the main drive towards the frame body 5 via the upper clamp 10 and lower clamp 11. The main drive changes from an upright position to a lying position. The outer surface of the back of the main drive presses against the floating adjustment support beam of the frame body 5. The floating adjustment support beam bears the entire weight of the main drive. The frame body 5 carries the main drive back to the unloading position. After reaching the position, the lifting cylinder 12 and the heightening module 13 array are assembled again at the bottom of the main drive. The lifting cylinder 12 lifts the main drive, causing the main drive to disengage from the frame body 5. A vertical clearance gap is formed between the bottom surface of the main drive and the top surface of the frame body 5. The height of the clearance gap is greater than the height of the protruding parts on the surface of the frame body 5. The frame body 5 is relieved of the heavy pressure and gains a forward sliding passage. At this time, the frame body 5 slides forward and moves away from under the main drive. External lifting equipment hoists and removes the lifted main drive, completing the unloading of the main drive.

[0056] S5. After the main drive is removed, a new working face is exposed inside the front end of the tunnel boring machine. Support steel plates 1 are laid horizontally in this area, and the traveling rails 2 are extended and spliced ​​forward. The extended traveling rails 2 are guided directly to the rear of the cutterhead to be dismantled.

[0057] The frame body 5 slides along the traveling rail 2 to its foremost position. The adjusting bolt assembly drives the moving slide rail 9 to rise and fall vertically, aligning it with the preset lifting point holes of the first section of the cutter head. The upper clamp 10 and lower clamp 11 are inserted into the preset lifting point holes. Connecting fasteners pass through the upper clamp 10, lower clamp 11, and preset lifting point holes, forming a fixed connection node to prevent relative displacement. The upper clamp 10, lower clamp 11, and the preset lifting points of the first section of the cutter head are finely adjusted and locked. The external cutting equipment performs cutting and separation along the outer boundary of the first section of the cutter head. At the moment of separation, the weight of the first section is supported by the tilting gantry 6 in front of the frame body 5.

[0058] The tilting cylinder 7 retracts, causing the first segment of the cutterhead, after separation, to tilt backward and lie flat on the surface of the chassis body 5. The chassis body 5 is then moved along the traveling rail 2 to the unloading area and transferred by a crane. The operators repeatedly perform the steps of rail extension, target binding, cutting and separation, attitude conversion, and unloading, dismantling and moving the remaining segments of the cutterhead piece by piece, thus completing the dismantling of the entire tunnel boring machine.

Claims

1. A shield machine integrity dismantling device comprising a support steel plate (1), a running steel rail (2) and a vehicle body (5), characterized in that, The supporting steel plate (1) is horizontally set on the preset reference surface at the bottom of the working area. The upper surface of the supporting steel plate (1) is anchored with multiple walking rails (2) by fasteners. The frame body (5) is set directly above the walking rails (2). Multiple reversing boxes (3) are arranged on the outside of the traveling rail (2) located behind the frame body (5). A traveling cylinder (4) is horizontally arranged between the opposite end faces of two adjacent reversing boxes (3) and between the foremost reversing box (3) and the rear end face of the frame body (5). The front end face of the frame body (5) is vertically provided with a vertically positioned flip-up mast (6), and the bottom end face of the frame body (5) and the flip-up mast (6) are hinged together by a horizontally arranged flip-up shaft (8). Multiple tilting cylinders (7) are obliquely installed between the horizontal top surface of the frame body (5) and the vertical back surface of the tilting mast (6).

2. The TBM integrity removal device of claim 1, wherein, The top of the surface of the flip-up gantry (6) facing forward is equipped with an upper clamp (10), and a sliding rail (9) is vertically arranged in the lower part of the surface of the flip-up gantry (6) facing forward. A lower clamp (11) is installed on the surface of the sliding rail (9). The front force-bearing surface of the upper clamp (10) and both ends of the horizontal beam of the lower clamp (11) are equipped with rotatable connecting joints. The rotatable connector includes a fixed base and a rotating earring. The fixed base is welded to the front end surface of the upper clamp (10) or the lower clamp (11), and the rotating earring is threaded through the interior of the fixed base by a pin.

3. The shield tunneling machine integrity dismantling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front surface of the flip-up gantry (6) is vertically provided with a long rod-shaped adjusting bolt assembly, and the longitudinal center line of the adjusting bolt assembly is parallel to the extension direction of the moving slide rail (9). The two sides of the movable slide rail (9) are machined with dovetail groove structures, and the back plate of the lower clamp (11) is provided with a dovetail slider that matches the size of the dovetail groove structure. The dovetail slider is inserted into the dovetail groove structure.

4. The shield tunneling machine integrity dismantling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes four sets of synchronously operating lifting platforms. Two sets of the lifting platforms are vertically installed on the surface of the tilting gantry (6), and the remaining two sets of the lifting platforms are symmetrically installed on the top horizontal surface of the vehicle frame body (5). Each of the lifting platforms includes multiple lifting cylinders (12) fixed at the bottom and a heightening module (13) located directly above the lifting cylinders (12). Above the topmost heightened module (13), a top support frame (14) with a grid-like skeleton is arranged across it, and multiple auxiliary clamps (15) are installed on the horizontal top surface of the top support frame (14).

5. A shield tunneling machine integrity dismantling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple heightened modules (13) with intersecting grid-like metal structures are stacked and spliced ​​alternately in the vertical direction; Mechanical latches are provided on the outside of the side contact areas of the vertically adjacent heightening modules (13); The mechanical latch includes a hook hinged to the side wall of the lower heightening module (13) and a pin fixed to the side wall of the upper heightening module (13), wherein the cylindrical surface of the pin is engaged with an upwardly flipped hook.

6. The shield tunneling machine integrity dismantling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the reversing box (3) accommodates a clamping mechanism, which includes a clamping block and a hydraulic drive component; The clamping block retracts inward under the thrust of the hydraulic drive component, and the clamping block fits against and presses against the two side walls of the traveling rail (2); The clamping mechanism has a serrated anti-slip pattern on its surface, which is embedded in the surface metal layer of the traveling rail (2).

7. A method for dismantling a tunnel boring machine with integrity, characterized in that, The shield machine integrity dismantling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 includes the following steps: Obtain the working face elevation of the shield machine to be demolished, lay a support steel plate (1) horizontally on the preset reference surface at the bottom of the working area, and install multiple traveling steel rails (2) parallel to the longitudinal direction of the shield machine tunnel on the top surface of the support steel plate (1). Place the frame body (5) and multiple reversing boxes (3) on the travel rail (2), and manipulate the reversing box (3) located at the rear to clamp the travel rail (2). The travel cylinder (4) connected between the reversing box (3) and the frame body (5) is controlled to perform the horizontal extension action of the piston rod, output forward thrust, and drive the reversing box (3) and the frame body (5) in front to slide forward a preset distance along the travel rail (2); Hydraulic oil is injected into the tilting cylinder (7) and multiple tilting cylinders (7) are operated to extend synchronously, driving the tilting gantry (6) to overcome gravity and perform a tilting action, switching between a horizontal state lying flat on the surface of the frame body (5) and a vertical state perpendicular to the surface of the traveling rail (2).

8. A method for the integrity dismantling of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the front reversing box (3) and the frame body (5) slide forward a preset distance as a whole, the front reversing box (3) presses against the travel rail (2), and the rear reversing box (3) disengages from the travel rail (2). The traveling cylinder (4) performs a piston rod retraction action, dragging the reversing box (3) behind it forward along the traveling rail (2); The rear reversing box (3) re-engages and presses the traveling rail (2), while the front reversing box (3) simultaneously releases. The alternating locking and unlocking and cylinder extension and retraction steps are performed in a loop to drive the frame body (5) to move to the initial working position in a stepping manner.

9. A method for the integrity dismantling of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the tilting gantry (6) is in a vertical state, the adjusting bolt assembly is activated to perform rotational transmission and convert it into a vertical linear thrust, driving the moving slide rail (9) together with the lower clamp (11) to make vertical height fine adjustments along the surface of the tilting gantry (6); After fine-tuning, use fasteners to lock the rotatable connecting joints of the upper clamp (10) and the lower clamp (11) to the preset lifting points on the surface of the object to be disassembled, thus establishing a rigid connection; Remove the fastening bolts between the object to be disassembled and the main structure of the tunnel boring machine, cut off the connection, start the tilting cylinder (7) and retract the piston rod into the internal cylinder body, and pull the tilting gantry (6) backward. The flipping action continues until the back of the object to be disassembled presses against the floating adjustable support beam above the frame body (5), providing an upward supporting force, and controlling the frame body (5) to carry the object to be disassembled back along the traveling rail (2) to a safe lifting position.

10. A method for the complete dismantling of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, Control the tilting gantry (6) to return to a horizontal lying position, remove the upper clamp (10) located on top of the tilting gantry (6), and control the frame body (5) to slide to the area directly below the top shield plate to be removed; Four sets of lifting cylinders (12) are deployed at the original mounting position of the upper clamp (10) of the flipping gantry (6) and on the surface of the frame body (5). The four sets of lifting cylinders (12) extend upwards simultaneously, pushing the bottommost heightening module (13) to lift the stacked heightening module (13) and the top top support frame (14) as a whole. The new heightening module (13) is pushed horizontally into the space above the lifting cylinder (12), and the mechanical latches on the sides of the two adjacent heightening modules (13) are closed and locked. The steps of lifting, inserting the heightening module (13) and locking are repeated in a cycle, and the modules are continuously stacked in the vertical direction to form a force-supported structure.

Images