Low-temperature resistant storage and transportation temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a low-temperature-resistant storage and transportation temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery fire extinguishing agents.The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent has a viscosity of 5-13 mPa.s at-20 DEG C, a sol-gel transition time of less than 2 s, and a transition temperature of 50-80 DEG C.The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent system of the application maintains good fluidity in a low-temperature environment, and can quickly change from a solution into a gel and form a stable covering layer in a sol-gel transition time period, realizes rapid gelation through a temperature-sensitive structure, and forms a stable three-dimensional network, so that the adhesion to a high-temperature surface is improved and the cooling action time is prolonged, and the problems that the gel fire extinguishing agent has reduced fluidity and weakened spraying performance in a low-temperature environment, and is difficult to quickly gel and cover and continuously inhibit rekindling at high temperature are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing agent technology, and in particular to a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries in new energy vehicles, electrochemical energy storage systems, and portable electronic devices, their safety issues have become increasingly prominent. Under conditions such as high temperature, overcharging, or mechanical damage, the battery interior is prone to thermal runaway, accompanied by continuous heat release and flammable gas release. Fires develop rapidly, with dramatic temperature rises and a high risk of reignition. These types of fires are prolonged and difficult to cool completely, and traditional fire extinguishing methods have limited effectiveness in complex conditions. Existing water-based fire extinguishing agents rely on liquid flow for cooling, which, while possessing some cooling capacity, struggles to form a stable coating on high-temperature surfaces, and the liquid film is easily lost, making the cooling effect unsustainable. Gaseous fire extinguishing agents primarily work by isolating oxygen, but their ability to remove internal battery heat is insufficient. Dry powder fire extinguishing agents rely on chemical inhibition mechanisms, but suffer from problems such as deposition, pollution, and cleaning difficulties, limiting their application in precision equipment or enclosed spaces.

[0003] In recent years, fire extinguishing systems based on hydrogels have gradually attracted attention. These materials can form a three-dimensional network structure with a certain strength under high-temperature conditions, thereby improving adhesion and extending cooling time. The gel structure facilitates the formation of a covering layer on the burning surface, blocking oxygen and slowing heat transfer. Existing technologies, such as CN105169613A, propose using polymers to construct hydrogel systems to form a covering layer at high temperatures for cooling and insulation. However, their gelation behavior mainly depends on changes in system viscosity, lacking a temperature response regulation mechanism and thus limiting adaptability. Meanwhile, for applications in low-temperature environments, some technologies lower the freezing point of the system by adding components such as ethylene glycol, thereby improving storage and transportation performance. However, these methods mostly focus on antifreeze regulation and fail to form an effective synergy with the gel structure design, making it difficult to achieve rapid gelation and stable coverage under high-temperature conditions.

[0004] Therefore, current temperature-sensitive hydrogel fire extinguishing agents generally suffer from reduced fluidity and weakened spray performance at low temperatures, and difficulty in quickly gelling and covering the fire at high temperatures and continuously suppressing reignition. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the current shortcomings and deficiencies in the field of lithium-ion fire extinguishing agents, which lack a comprehensive fire extinguishing agent system that combines low-temperature fluidity, high-temperature rapid gelation coverage, and continuous suppression of reignition, this paper proposes a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent. Based on a specific synergistic system constructed from its components, this agent comprehensively improves both the low-temperature and high-temperature performance of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent. It also integrates the requirements for low-temperature storage and transportation with the gel structure design, fully meeting the needs of practical applications.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention specifically protects a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent that is resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation. The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent has a viscosity of 5-13 mPa·s at -20℃, a sol-gel transition time of less than 2s, and a transition temperature of 50-80℃.

[0007] The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent protected by the present invention for low-temperature storage and transportation preferably comprises, by weight, the following components: The thermosensitive gel matrix consists of 2-3 parts, thickener 2-4 parts, crosslinking agent 2-4 parts, rheology modifier 3-4 parts, penetrant 1-2 parts, flame retardant 3-5 parts, antifreeze 18-25 parts, and the remainder is deionized water, to a total of 100 parts. The mass ratio of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.10-0.20:0.12-0.20; the mass ratio of thermosensitive gel matrix, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:0.67-1.33:0.67-1.33.

[0008] According to the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent protected by the present invention, which is resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation, preferably, the mass ratio of the antifreeze, thickener and rheology modifier is 1:0.12~0.18:0.14~0.18.

[0009] According to the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent protected by the present invention, the mass ratio of the temperature-sensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent and thickener is preferably 1:0.8~1.2:0.8~1.2.

[0010] According to the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent protected by the present invention, which is resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation, the mass ratio of the penetrant to the rheology modifier is preferably 1:1.5-4.0, more preferably 1:2.0-3.5.

[0011] According to the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent protected by the present invention, which is resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation, preferably, the mass ratio of the temperature-sensitive gel skeleton to the flame retardant is 1:1.0-2.5, more preferably 1:1.2-2.0.

[0012] According to the low-temperature resistant, temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent protected by the present invention, preferably, the preferred amounts of each component by weight are: 2-3 parts of temperature-sensitive gel skeleton, 2-4 parts of thickener, 2-4 parts of crosslinking agent, 3-4 parts of rheology modifier, 1-2 parts of penetrant, 3-5 parts of flame retardant, 18-25 parts of antifreeze, and the remainder being deionized water, to a total of 100 parts.

[0013] According to the low-temperature resistant, temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent protected by the present invention, preferably, the thickener is selected from one or more of guar gum, xanthan gum, polyacrylamide, chitosan or its derivatives; And / or, the rheology modifier is selected from one or more of dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyl ethylene glycol or glycerol; And / or, the antifreeze is selected from one or more of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerin, triethylene glycol, isopropanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or urea.

[0014] According to the thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent protected by the present invention, preferably, the thermosensitive gel skeleton is selected from one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; And / or, the crosslinking agent is selected from one or more of calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium nitrate, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, sodium tripolyphosphate, or zinc chloride; And / or, the penetrant is selected from one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether JFC, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether JFC-1, or isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether JFC-2, AEO-3, AEO-9, AEO-10, AEO-15, JFC-E, AEC, or Tween surfactants.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also specifically protects a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation, comprising the following steps: S1. Hydrate the thermosensitive gel skeleton to obtain solution A, and mix the thickener and rheology modifier to obtain solution B; S2. Mix solution A with solution B, add crosslinking agent, and stir at 200-400 r / min for 1-2 h to obtain solution C; S3. Shear solution C at 5000-8000 r / min for 5-15 min, add penetrant, flame retardant and antifreeze, disperse and defoam, and let stand at 0-10℃ for 8-24 h to obtain thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent.

[0016] Thirdly, the present invention also specifically protects the application of a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation in the fire extinguishing of lithium-ion batteries.

[0017] Beneficial effects: This invention provides a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent that is resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation. The viscosity at -20℃ is 5-13 mPa·s. The system maintains good fluidity in low-temperature environments, and the sol-gel transition time is within 2 seconds, with a transition temperature of 50-80℃. It can rapidly transform from a solution to a gel and form a stable covering layer. The temperature-sensitive structure enables rapid gelation and the formation of a stable three-dimensional network, thereby improving adhesion to high-temperature surfaces and extending the cooling time. This solves the problems of decreased fluidity and reduced spray performance of current gel fire extinguishing agents in low-temperature environments, and the difficulty in rapid gelation coverage and sustained suppression of reignition at high temperatures. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent that is resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation. The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent has a viscosity of 5-13 mPa·s at -20℃, a sol-gel transition time of less than 2s, and a transition temperature of 50-80℃.

[0020] The thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent of this invention has a viscosity of 5-13 mPa·s at -20℃. The system maintains good fluidity in low-temperature environments, facilitating storage and transportation. It exhibits good stability and adaptability during storage, transportation, and use, solving the problems of current thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agents that easily freeze or experience increased viscosity at low temperatures, leading to decreased fluidity and limited spraying. The sol-gel transition time is within 2 seconds, with a transition temperature of 50-80℃, enabling rapid transformation from solution to gel and the formation of a stable coating layer. The thermosensitive structure achieves rapid gelation and the formation of a stable three-dimensional network, thereby improving adhesion to high-temperature surfaces and extending the cooling time. Simultaneously, it achieves rapid flame suppression and effective intervention in the thermal runaway process, reducing the risk of reignition and improving extinguishing efficiency and safety. This solves the problems of unstable liquid coverage and easy leakage of current thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agents under high-temperature conditions.

[0021] In some specific embodiments, the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention comprises the following components by weight: Thermosensitive gel matrix 1-4 parts, thickener 1-5 parts, crosslinking agent 1-5 parts, rheology modifier 2-5 parts, penetrant 1-3 parts, flame retardant 2-6 parts, antifreeze 15-30 parts. The mass ratio of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.10~0.20:0.12~0.20; The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:0.67~1.33:0.67~1.33.

[0022] In the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent of this invention, a polymer network structure with temperature-responsive characteristics is constructed through a temperature-sensitive gel skeleton and a crosslinking agent. The introduction of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier in specific mass ratios ensures good fluidity of the system at low temperatures, achieving synergistic control of freezing point reduction and rheological stability. The ternary synergistic system of antifreeze-thickener-rheology modifier achieves a balance between freezing point reduction and viscosity control, avoiding the defects of sudden viscosity increases at low temperatures caused by antifreeze and the exacerbation of low-temperature crystallization by thickener.

[0023] Meanwhile, the thickener can also form a ternary interaction system with the thermosensitive gel skeleton and crosslinking agent in a specific ratio, so as to achieve precise control of the sol-gel transition temperature of the thermosensitive gel, which is controlled at 50~80℃, accelerate the gelation speed, and enhance the mechanical stability of the high-temperature gel coating layer.

[0024] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the mass ratio of the antifreeze, thickener and rheology modifier is further preferably 1:0.12~0.18:0.14~0.18.

[0025] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent and thickener is 1:0.8~1.2:0.8~1.2.

[0026] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the preferred amounts of each component in the low-temperature resistant, temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent mentioned in this invention, by weight, are: 2-3 parts of temperature-sensitive gel skeleton, 2-4 parts of thickener, 2-4 parts of crosslinking agent, 3-4 parts of rheology modifier, 1-2 parts of penetrant, 3-5 parts of flame retardant, 18-25 parts of antifreeze, and the remainder being deionized water, to a total of 100 parts.

[0027] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the mass ratio of the temperature-sensitive gel skeleton to the flame retardant in the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation mentioned in this invention is 1:1.0-2.5, preferably 1:1.2-2.0.

[0028] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the thermosensitive gel framework mentioned in this invention may be selected from one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, for constructing a thermosensitive gel network and imparting thermal response characteristics to the system.

[0029] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the thickener mentioned in this invention may be selected from one or more of chitosan or its derivatives (including ethylene glycol chitosan, quaternized chitosan, hydroxypropyl chitosan, thiolated chitosan), xanthan gum, guar gum or polyacrylamide, to improve the viscosity of the system and enhance the three-dimensional structural stability.

[0030] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the crosslinking agent mentioned in this invention is one or more of calcium nitrate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, sodium tripolyphosphate, or zinc chloride, used to promote crosslinking between polymer chains and improve gel strength and high temperature resistance.

[0031] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the rheology modifiers mentioned in this invention are selected from one or more of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butyl ethylene glycol, or glycerol, and are used to adjust the rheological properties of the system, reduce the evaporation rate, and improve low-temperature adaptability.

[0032] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the penetrant mentioned in this invention is selected from one or more of AEO-3, AEO-9, AEO-10, AEO-15, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether JFC, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether JFC-1, or isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether JFC-2, JFC-E, AEC, or Tween surfactants, and is used to reduce surface tension and improve the wetting and spreading ability of the fire extinguishing agent on the battery surface.

[0033] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the flame retardant mentioned in this invention is selected from one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, aluminum hypophosphite, aluminum phenylphosphinate, aluminum methylphenylphosphinate, or cyclic phosphonates, and is used to inhibit the combustion chain reaction and reduce the heat release rate.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the antifreeze mentioned in this invention is selected from one or more of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerin, triethylene glycol, isopropanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or urea, and is used to lower the freezing point of the system, inhibit low-temperature crystallization, and improve the fluidity of the solution, thereby ensuring that the fire extinguishing agent still has good storage and transportation stability and sprayability under low-temperature conditions.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, in order to further improve the low-temperature fluidity of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent, the mass ratio of the antifreeze, thickener and rheology modifier mentioned in this invention is further preferably 1:0.12-0.18:0.14-0.18.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, in order to further improve the gelation performance of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent during high-temperature fire extinguishing, the mass ratio of the temperature-sensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent and thickener mentioned in this invention is further preferably 1:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2.

[0037] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the mass ratio of the penetrant to the rheology modifier mentioned in this invention is 1:1.5-4.0.

[0038] The binary synergistic system consisting of penetrant and rheology modifier can significantly improve the persistence of wetting and penetration on high-temperature surfaces at a specific mass ratio through the synergistic effect of rapid spreading of penetrant and delayed evaporation of rheology modifier.

[0039] In some specific preferred exemplary embodiments, the mass ratio of the penetrant to the rheology modifier mentioned in the present invention is further preferably 1:2.0-3.5, for example, it can be a point value such as 1:2.0, 1:2.5, 1:3.0, 1:3.5 or any range of values.

[0040] In some specific exemplary embodiments, the mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton to the flame retardant mentioned in this invention is 1:1.0-2.5.

[0041] In some specific preferred exemplary embodiments, the mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton to the flame retardant mentioned in the present invention is further preferably 1:1.2-2.0, for example, it can be a point value such as 1:1.2, 1:1.5, 1:1.8, 1:2.0 or any range of values.

[0042] By constructing a binary synergistic system with a specific ratio of temperature-sensitive gel skeleton and flame retardant, the flame retardant can be continuously released through gel network encapsulation, thus extending the time before reignition.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, the components of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent mentioned in this invention can be further combined with the above-mentioned formulation system to enhance low-temperature fluidity and high-temperature gelation performance.

[0044] For example, the thickener mentioned in this invention may preferably be one or more of guar gum, xanthan gum, or polyacrylamide.

[0045] Thickeners are used to increase the viscosity of the system and enhance the stability of the three-dimensional structure. They form a viscoelastic network structure through molecular chain entanglement and hydrogen bonding, thereby delaying liquid film loss and increasing the coverage duration. By optimizing the compounding ratio and the type of thickener, it is possible to further ensure that the viscosity of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent is stably controlled in the range of 5~13 mPa·s at -20 ℃, which avoids excessive flow and ensures spray fluidity.

[0046] For example, the rheology modifier mentioned in this invention may preferably be one or more of dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, or butyl ethylene glycol.

[0047] Rheology modifiers are used to adjust the rheological properties of the system, reduce the evaporation rate, and improve low-temperature adaptability. They enhance the system's water retention capacity through intermolecular hydrogen bonding and impart shear-thinning properties, maintaining good fluidity during spraying and forming a stable liquid film under static conditions. Rheology modifiers participate in both the ternary synergistic system of antifreeze-thickener-rheology modifier and the binary synergistic system of penetrant-rheology modifier, serving as a key bridging component for achieving a dual improvement in low-temperature fluidity and sustained penetration. Optimal component selection combined with their synergistic effects can further enhance low-temperature fluidity and gel-forming fire extinguishing capabilities.

[0048] For example, the antifreeze mentioned in this invention is selected from one or more of propylene glycol, triethylene glycol and isopropanol.

[0049] The antifreeze agent is one or more of propylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and isopropanol. It is used to lower the freezing point of the system, inhibit low-temperature crystallization, and improve solution fluidity. By altering the solution phase equilibrium and interfering with the water molecule crystallization process, it keeps the system liquid under low-temperature conditions, thus ensuring the fire extinguishing agent has good storage and transportation stability and sprayability. The antifreeze agent is also the core of the ternary synergistic system of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier. Through component optimization, it can further synergistically lower the freezing point, allowing the freezing point of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent system to drop below -26 °C, while simultaneously avoiding spray failure caused by a sudden increase in viscosity at low temperatures.

[0050] In other specific exemplary embodiments, the thermosensitive gel skeleton mentioned in this invention may be further preferably selected from one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, or ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose.

[0051] Thermosensitive gel framework materials are used to construct thermosensitive gel networks and impart thermal response properties to the system. Upon temperature increase, a sol-gel transition occurs through hydrophobic association between molecular chains, forming a three-dimensional network structure, thereby improving the adhesion and coverage stability of the extinguishing agent on high-temperature surfaces. Thermosensitive gel framework materials are the core of the ternary synergistic system of thermosensitive gel framework, crosslinking agent, and thickener. By optimizing the compounding ratio and the types of thermosensitive gel framework materials, gel strength can be increased by more than 30%, and the sol-gel transition time can be further shortened.

[0052] In some other specific exemplary embodiments, the crosslinking agent mentioned in this invention is selected from one or more of calcium acetate, calcium lactate, or calcium nitrate.

[0053] Crosslinking agents are used to promote crosslinking between polymer chains and improve gel strength and high-temperature resistance. By releasing polyvalent metal ions to coordinate with carboxyl or hydroxyl groups in polymer molecules, the above-mentioned crosslinking agent components are more conducive to forming ionic crosslinking structures, thereby enhancing the mechanical stability and heat resistance of the gel.

[0054] In some other specific exemplary embodiments, the penetrant mentioned in this invention is selected from one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether JFC, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether JFC-1, or isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether JFC-2.

[0055] Penetrants are used to reduce surface tension and improve the wetting and spreading ability of fire extinguishing agents on battery surfaces. By directionally adsorbing at the gas-liquid interface, they reduce interfacial free energy, promoting rapid spreading and penetration of liquids on high-temperature solid surfaces, thereby improving cooling efficiency. Optimal formulation of penetrant components, in synergy with rheology modifiers, can increase the spreading area on high-temperature surfaces by more than 40%, the penetration depth by more than 25%, and double the duration of penetration.

[0056] In some other specific exemplary embodiments, the flame retardant mentioned in this invention is one or more of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, or aluminum methylphenylphosphinate.

[0057] Flame retardants are used to inhibit combustion chain reactions and reduce heat release rates. They work by decomposing at high temperatures to generate phosphorus-containing free radicals or forming a heat-insulating char layer, thus blocking the chain reaction of combustion free radicals and isolating oxygen from contact with combustibles, thereby achieving a synergistic effect of chemical inhibition and physical isolation. The above-mentioned preferred flame retardants, when used in combination with a temperature-sensitive gel matrix, can extend the reignition inhibition time by more than two times, achieving a reignition inhibition rate of 100%.

[0058] In some specific embodiments, the amount of each component in the thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent mentioned in this invention is as follows: 2-3 parts of thermosensitive gel skeleton, 2-4 parts of thickener, 2-4 parts of crosslinking agent, 3-4 parts of rheology modifier, 1-2 parts of penetrant, 3-5 parts of flame retardant, 18-25 parts of antifreeze agent, and the remainder is water, to be made up to 100 parts.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent, comprising the following steps: S1. Hydrate the thermosensitive gel skeleton to obtain solution A, and mix the thickener and rheology modifier to obtain solution B; S2. Mix solution A with solution B, add crosslinking agent, and stir at 200-400 r / min for 1-2 h to obtain solution C; S3. Shear solution C at 5000-8000 r / min for 5-15 min, add penetrant, flame retardant and antifreeze, disperse and defoam, and let stand at 0-10℃ for 8-24 h to obtain thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, the preparation of solution A mentioned in this invention can be referred to as follows: Add the thermosensitive gel skeleton to 20-30 parts of deionized water, stir at 200-400 r / min for 1-2 hours at 55-70 ℃ until completely dissolved, and let stand at room temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 20-24 hours to fully hydrate and defoam, to obtain solution A.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, the preparation of solution B mentioned in this invention can be referred to as follows: Add the thickener to 30-50 parts of deionized water and stir at 300-600 r / min for 1-2 hours at 60-80℃ to fully disperse and dissolve it. Then add the rheology modifier and continue stirring at 300-500 r / min for 30-60 minutes. After cooling to 20-30℃, let it stand for 12-24 hours to defoam and obtain solution B.

[0062] In the preparation method of this invention, the thickener and rheology modifier are premixed, which lays the foundation for the formation of the subsequent ternary synergistic system.

[0063] In step S2, the mixing of solution A and solution B causes cross-linking between the polymer molecular chains of the thermosensitive gel material, forming a stable three-dimensional network structure.

[0064] High-speed shearing of solution C in S3 can further disperse the system evenly and refine its structure, thereby improving the system's stability and spray performance. After adding penetrant, flame retardant, and antifreeze, the mixture can be stirred at 200-400 r / min for 1-2 hours at 20-30℃ to ensure uniform dispersion. Then, it can be defoamed under static conditions for 12-24 hours to obtain a homogeneous mixed system.

[0065] The key step in the preparation method of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention is the low-temperature stabilization treatment of S3 at 0-10℃ for 8-24h, which allows the antifreeze to fully act in the system structure and ensures that the ternary synergistic system of antifreeze-thickener-rheology modifier can play its full role.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the present invention also provides an application of a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing of lithium-ion batteries.

[0067] The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent of this invention has a low freezing point, making it resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation. It maintains good fluidity and stability even at low temperatures, and can rapidly undergo gel transformation and form a dense covering layer under high-temperature conditions, thereby achieving efficient cooling and inhibiting reignition. Simultaneously, the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent of this invention also possesses excellent wetting and penetrating capabilities and flame-retardant properties. It requires a small dosage, has strong applicability, and has good engineering application prospects and promotional value.

[0068] The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has good structural stability and storage stability after synergistic matching of multi-component system. It is not easy to delaminate or degrade in performance during long-term storage. It has a wide range of applications, is easy to use and has high engineering application value. It can be adapted to various portable and wheeled fire extinguishing devices and automatic fire extinguishing systems. It is suitable for lithium battery fire prevention and control in multiple scenarios such as new energy vehicles and electrochemical energy storage power stations.

[0069] Example 1 The thermosensitive hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 2 parts xanthan gum, 2 parts calcium acetate, 3 parts propylene glycol, 1 part fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (JFC), 3 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 18 parts propylene glycol, and the balance being deionized water. The specific steps are as follows: the mass ratio of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.11:0.17.

[0070] The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:1:1.

[0071] The mass ratio of penetrant to rheology modifier is 1:3.0.

[0072] The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton to the flame retardant is 1:1.5.

[0073] This embodiment 1 also specifically provides a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent, including the following steps: S1. Add 2g of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to 20g of deionized water at 60℃, and stir at 300r / min for 1.5h in a 60℃ water bath to fully dissolve it. Then let it stand at room temperature for 22h for hydration and defoaming to obtain solution A. Add 2g of xanthan gum to 49g of deionized water, and stir at 400r / min for 1.5h at 65℃ to disperse and dissolve it. Then add 3g of propylene glycol (for rheology adjustment) and continue stirring for 30min. After cooling to room temperature, let it stand for 20h to obtain solution B.

[0074] S2. Mix solution A with solution B, add 2 g of calcium acetate at room temperature and stir at 300 r / min for 1.5 h to obtain solution C.

[0075] S3. The solution C was subjected to high-speed shear treatment (6000 r / min, 10 min); then 1 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether JFC, 3 g of ammonium polyphosphate and 18 g of propylene glycol were added, and the mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 1 h and allowed to stand for defoaming for 18 h; finally, it was allowed to stand at 5 ℃ for 12 h and vacuum defoaming was performed to obtain the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent.

[0076] Example 2 The thermosensitive hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts hydroxypropyl cellulose, 3 parts guar gum, 3 parts calcium lactate, 3.5 parts dipropylene glycol, 1.5 parts alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (JFC-1), 4 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts triethylene glycol, and the balance being deionized water. The specific steps are as follows: the mass ratio of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.15:0.175.

[0077] The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:1.2:1.2.

[0078] The mass ratio of penetrant to rheology modifier is 1:2.33.

[0079] The mass ratio of thermosensitive gel skeleton to flame retardant is 1:1.6.

[0080] This embodiment 2 also specifically provides a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent, including the following steps: S1. Add 2.5 g of hydroxypropyl cellulose to 22 g of deionized water at 65°C, stir at 350 r / min for 1 h at 65°C, and let stand for 24 h to obtain solution A; add 3 g of guar gum to 40.5 g of deionized water, stir at 500 r / min for 1 h at 70°C, add 3.5 g of dipropylene glycol and continue stirring for 40 min, cool and let stand for 18 h to obtain solution B.

[0081] S2. Mix solution A with solution B, add 3 g of calcium lactate at room temperature and stir at 350 r / min for 1 h to obtain solution C.

[0082] S3. Homogenize solution C (5000 r / min, 8 min); add the remaining components and stir for 1.5 h and let stand to defoam; let stand at 0℃ for 10 h to defoam, and obtain the thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent.

[0083] Example 3 The thermosensitive hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, 3 parts polyacrylamide, 3 parts calcium nitrate, 4 parts butyl ethylene glycol, 2 parts isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether JFC-2, 4 parts aluminum methyl phenyl phosphinate, 22 parts isopropanol, and the balance is deionized water. The specific steps are as follows: the mass ratio of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.14:0.18.

[0084] The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:1:1.

[0085] The mass ratio of penetrant to rheology modifier is 1:2.0.

[0086] The mass ratio of thermosensitive gel skeleton to flame retardant is 1:1.33.

[0087] This embodiment 3 also specifically provides a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent, including the following steps: S1. Add 3g of ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose to 18g of deionized water at 60℃, stir at 300r / min for 1h under 60℃ water bath conditions to fully dissolve it, and then let it stand at room temperature for 24h for hydration and defoaming to obtain solution A; add 3g of polyacrylamide to 40g of deionized water, stir at 400r / min for 2h under 80℃ conditions to disperse and dissolve it, then add 4g of butyl ethylene glycol and continue stirring for 30min, cool to room temperature and let it stand for 20h to obtain solution B.

[0088] S2. Mix solution A with solution B, add 3g of calcium nitrate at room temperature and stir at 300r / min for 1 h to obtain solution C.

[0089] S3. The solution C was subjected to high-speed shear treatment (6000 r / min, 12 min); then 2 g of isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether JFC-2, 4 g of aluminum methyl phenyl phosphinate and 22 g of isopropanol were added, and the mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 1 h, and allowed to stand for defoaming for 18 h; finally, it was allowed to stand at 10 ℃ for 12 h and vacuum defoaming was performed to obtain the thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent.

[0090] Example 4 The thermosensitive hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 2.6 parts xanthan gum-guar gum blend (mass ratio 1:1), 2 parts calcium acetate, 3 parts propylene glycol, 1 part fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether JFC, 5 parts ammonium polyphosphate-ammonium dihydrogen phosphate blend (mass ratio 2:1), 25 parts propylene glycol-triethylene glycol blend (mass ratio 3:1), and the balance being deionized water. The specific steps are as follows: the mass ratio of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.104:0.12.

[0091] The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:1:1.3.

[0092] The mass ratio of penetrant to rheology modifier is 1:3.0.

[0093] The mass ratio of thermosensitive gel skeleton to flame retardant is 1:2.5.

[0094] This embodiment 4 also specifically provides a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent, including the following steps: S1. Add 2 g of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to 18 g of deionized water at 60°C, and stir at 300 r / min for 1 h in a 60°C water bath to fully dissolve it. Then let it stand at room temperature for 24 h for hydration and defoaming to obtain solution A. Add 2.6 g of xanthan gum-guar gum compound to 40 g of deionized water, and stir at 400 r / min for 2 h at 80°C to disperse and dissolve it. Then add 3 g of propylene glycol (for rheology adjustment) and continue stirring for 30 min. After cooling to room temperature, let it stand for 20 h to obtain solution B. S2. Mix solution A and solution B, add 2 g of calcium acetate at room temperature, and stir at 300 r / min for 1 h to obtain solution C; S3. Solution C was subjected to high-speed shear treatment (6000 r / min, 12 min); then 1 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether JFC, 5 g of ammonium polyphosphate-ammonium dihydrogen phosphate complex and 25 g of propylene glycol-triethylene glycol complex (for antifreeze) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 1 h, and allowed to stand for defoaming for 18 h; finally, it was allowed to stand at 10℃ for 12 h and vacuum defoaming was performed to obtain the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent.

[0095] Example 5 The thermosensitive hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2.3 parts polyacrylamide, 4 parts calcium nitrate-calcium acetate compound (mass ratio 1:1), 4 parts dipropylene glycol, 2 parts isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (JFC-2), 5 parts aluminum hypophosphite, 23 parts triethylene glycol, and the balance being deionized water. The specific steps are as follows: the mass ratio of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.1:0.17.

[0096] The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:1.33:0.77.

[0097] The mass ratio of penetrant to rheology modifier is 1:2.0.

[0098] The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton to the flame retardant is 1:1.67.

[0099] This embodiment 5 also specifically provides a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent, including the following steps: S1. Add 3 g of hydroxypropyl cellulose to 24 g of deionized water at 65°C, and stir at 300 r / min for 1.5 h in a 65°C water bath to fully dissolve it. Then let it stand at room temperature for 24 h for hydration and defoaming to obtain solution A. Add 2 g of polyacrylamide to 33 g of deionized water, and stir at 400 r / min for 1 h at 70°C to disperse and dissolve it. Then add 4 g of dipropylene glycol and continue stirring for 30 min. After cooling to room temperature, let it stand for 20 h to obtain solution B. S2. Mix solution A with solution B, add 4 g of calcium nitrate-calcium acetate compound at room temperature and stir at 300 r / min for 1 h to obtain solution C; S3. Solution C was subjected to high-speed shear treatment (6000 r / min, 9 min); then 2 g of isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether JFC-2, 5 g of aluminum hypophosphite and 23 g of triethylene glycol were added, and the mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 1.5 h, and allowed to stand for defoaming for 18 h; finally, it was allowed to stand at 5℃ for 12 h and vacuum defoaming was performed to obtain the thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent.

[0100] Example 6 The thermosensitive hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-hydroxypropyl cellulose compound (mass ratio 1:1), 3.3 parts of guar gum-xanthan gum compound (mass ratio 1:1), 3 parts of calcium lactate, 3 parts of propylene glycol-dipropylene glycol compound (mass ratio 1:1), 1.5 parts of JFC-JFC-1 compound (mass ratio 1:1), 3.5 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 21 parts of propylene glycol, and the balance being deionized water. The specific steps are as follows: the mass ratio of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.16:0.14.

[0101] The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:1.2:1.32.

[0102] The mass ratio of penetrant to rheology modifier is 1:2.0.

[0103] The mass ratio of thermosensitive gel skeleton to flame retardant is 1:1.4.

[0104] This embodiment 6 also specifically provides a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent, including the following steps: S1. Add 2.5g of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-hydroxypropyl cellulose complex to 21g of deionized water at 60℃, stir at 300r / min for 1h in a 60℃ water bath to fully dissolve it, and then let it stand at room temperature for 24h for hydration and defoaming to obtain solution A; add 3.5g of guar gum-xanthan gum complex to 41.5g of deionized water, stir at 400r / min for 1.5h at 75℃ to disperse and dissolve it, then add 3g of propylene glycol-dipropylene glycol complex (for rheology adjustment) and continue stirring for 30min, cool to room temperature and let it stand for 20h to obtain solution B.

[0105] S2. Mix solution A with solution B, add 3g of calcium lactate at room temperature and stir at 300 r / min for 1.5h to obtain solution C; S3. Solution C was subjected to high-speed shear treatment (5500 r / min, 10 min); then 1.5 g JFC-1 compound, 3.5 g ammonium polyphosphate and 21 g propylene glycol (for antifreeze) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 1 h, and allowed to stand for defoaming for 18 h; finally, it was allowed to stand at 5 ℃ for 12 h and vacuum defoaming was performed to obtain the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent.

[0106] Comparative Example 1 A temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent includes the same components and formulation as in Example 2, except that the antifreeze is removed and the water volume is increased accordingly (20 parts of antifreeze are replaced with deionized water).

[0107] The preparation method of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent in Comparative Example 1 is the same as that in Example 2.

[0108] The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent obtained in Comparative Example 1 froze at -5℃, completely losing its ability to be stored, transported, and sprayed at low temperatures.

[0109] Comparative Example 2 A fire extinguishing agent comprising the same components and formulation as in Example 3, except that the temperature-sensitive skeleton material is removed and the water volume is increased accordingly (3 parts of the temperature-sensitive skeleton are replaced with deionized water).

[0110] The preparation method of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent in Comparative Example 2 is the same as that in Example 3.

[0111] The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent obtained in Comparative Example 2 did not form a gel structure at high temperatures, and the liquid film was completely lost within 5 seconds, extending the extinguishing time to 15 seconds and causing reignition.

[0112] Comparative Example 3 A temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent includes the same components and formulation as in Example 2, except that the amount of thickener is adjusted to 6 parts (the other components and preparation conditions remain unchanged).

[0113] The ratio of antifreeze:thickener:rheology modifier is 1:0.3:0.175.

[0114] The preparation method of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent in Comparative Example 3 is the same as that in Example 2.

[0115] The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent obtained in Comparative Example 3 showed a sudden increase in viscosity to 22 mPa·s at -20℃, resulting in a 60% increase in spray resistance, making it impossible to achieve long-distance spraying. Furthermore, slight stratification occurred after one week of low-temperature storage.

[0116] Comparative Example 4 A temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent includes the same components and formulation as in Example 2, except that the amount of penetrant is adjusted to 0.8 parts (the other components and preparation conditions remain unchanged, and 0.7 parts of deionized water are added accordingly to make up the difference).

[0117] The mass ratio of penetrant to rheology modifier is 1:4.375.

[0118] The preparation method of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent in Comparative Example 4 is the same as that in Example 2.

[0119] The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent obtained in Comparative Example 4 had a 35% smaller spreading area on high-temperature surfaces and a 22% smaller penetration depth compared to Example 2. The fire extinguishing time was extended to 11 seconds, and the liquid film dried up within 10 seconds, with the cooling duration shortened by 40%.

[0120] Comparative Example 5 A temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent includes the same components and formulation as in Example 2, except that the amount of crosslinking agent is adjusted to 1 part (the other components and preparation conditions remain unchanged).

[0121] The mass ratio of thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:0.4:1.2.

[0122] The preparation method of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent in Comparative Example 5 is the same as that in Example 2.

[0123] The sol-gel transition time of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent obtained in Comparative Example 5 was extended to 8 seconds (less than 2 seconds in Example 2), the gel strength decreased by 45%, the high-temperature covering layer cracked and was lost within 3 minutes, and it could not effectively isolate oxygen, posing a risk of reignition.

[0124] Result detection The relevant properties of the temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agents in the examples and comparative examples were checked, and the specific testing methods are as follows: Viscosity test: according to GB / T5561-2012 Chemical Reagent Viscosity Determination Method.

[0125] Surface tension test: according to GB / T5549-2010 Liquid surface tension test method (pull-off method)

[0126] pH value test: Refer to "GB / T9724-2007 General Rules for pH Value Determination of Chemical Reagents".

[0127] Conductivity test: Refer to GB / T14506.28-2010 Determination of water conductivity - conductivity method. Extinguishing time and reignition test: Refer to GB17945-2010 General technical conditions for fire extinguishing agents in fire protection products.

[0128] Among these factors, lower surface tension facilitates the penetration of the extinguishing agent into the thermal runaway zone of the battery, improving extinguishing efficiency and preventing reignition. Increased viscosity also helps the extinguishing agent adhere to the surface, preventing reignition. Electrical conductivity affects the extinguishing agent's ability to conduct electricity; high conductivity can easily lead to external short circuits between batteries, creating a current path. pH reflects the acidity or alkalinity of the extinguishing agent; excessively acidic or alkaline agents are difficult to store and can corrode metals.

[0129] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0130] Table 1. Performance test results of the fire extinguishing agents in the examples and comparative examples sample Surface tension (mN / m) Viscosity (mPa·s) pH Electrical conductivity (mS / cm) Freezing point (°C) Fire extinguishing time (s) Whether it reignites Example 1 26.5 6.5 6.8 12.5 -21 9.0 no Example 2 25.2 8.0 6.9 14.0 -20 7.5 no Example 3 24.0 10.5 7.0 15.5 -23 6.0 no Example 4 25.8 13.0 6.7 17.0 -26 6.8 no Example 5 23.5 12.0 7.1 16.2 -24 5.5 no Example 6 24.8 9.0 6.9 14.8 -22 7.0 no Comparative Example 1 28.5 5.0 6.8 10.5 -5 9.5 no Comparative Example 2 27.0 2.5 7.0 13.5 -15 15.0 yes Comparative Example 3 25.5 16.0 6.9 14.2 -21 10.2 no Comparative Example 4 29.5 7.9 6.9 13.5 -20 11 no Comparative Example 5 25.1 7.2 7.0 12.8 -20 10.0 yes As can be seen from the results in Table 1 above, the viscosity of the thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is controlled at 13 mPa·s and below at -20℃. It can still maintain good fluidity and sprayability in low-temperature environments, and the freezing point can be reduced to -26℃. It is suitable for storage and transportation under complex conditions. Through the synergistic effect of a specific ratio of antifreeze, thickener and rheology modifier, the technical bottleneck of traditional hydrogel freezing at low temperatures or sudden increase in viscosity has been overcome, and a precise balance between freezing point reduction and viscosity control has been achieved.

[0131] Under high temperature, the system can rapidly transform from solution to gel and form a continuous and stable coating layer on the burning surface. The sol-gel transition time is within 2 seconds, and the transition temperature is 50-80℃. Within this range, the adhesion is enhanced and the cooling duration is extended, thereby effectively suppressing the temperature rise and reignition risk of lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway. Relying on the specific ratio of ternary synergy of temperature-sensitive skeleton material, crosslinking agent, and thickener, the sol-gel transition temperature is precisely controlled, while significantly improving the mechanical strength and thermal damage resistance of the gel. This solves the problems of easy liquid film loss and unstable coating at high temperatures.

[0132] The thermosensitive gel system of this invention achieves comprehensive regulation of the combustion process through the synergistic effect of multiple mechanisms such as cooling, flame retardancy and isolation. It reduces the temperature and weakens the combustion reaction, while blocking the oxygen supply, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency and stability. It also enables the flame retardant components to achieve a slow-release and long-lasting effect, achieving a dual synergy of chemical inhibition and physical isolation, with no risk of reignition.

[0133] The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has good wetting and penetration capabilities, suitable surface tension, and can spread rapidly on high-temperature surfaces and enter the interior of the reaction zone, enhancing the heat transfer process and improving the suppression effect. It takes into account both the initial rapid spreading and the subsequent continuous effect, effectively improving the penetration and cooling capability of complex structures such as battery module gaps.

[0134] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation, characterized in that, The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent has a viscosity of 5-13 mPa·s at -20℃, a sol-gel transition time of less than 2s, and a transition temperature of 50-80℃.

2. The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on parts by weight, it includes the following components: 1-4 parts of thermosensitive gel skeleton, 1-5 parts of thickener, 1-5 parts of crosslinking agent, 2-5 parts of rheology modifier, 1-3 parts of penetrant, 2-6 parts of flame retardant, 15-30 parts of antifreeze, and the remainder is deionized water, to be made up to 100 parts. The mass ratio of antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.10~0.20:0.12~0.20; The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:0.67~1.33:0.67~1.

33.

3. The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the antifreeze, thickener, and rheology modifier is 1:0.12~0.18:0.14~0.

18.

4. The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton, crosslinking agent, and thickener is 1:0.8~1.2:0.8~1.

2.

5. The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The preferred amounts of each component by weight are as follows: 2-3 parts of thermosensitive gel skeleton, 2-4 parts of thickener, 2-4 parts of crosslinking agent, 3-4 parts of rheology modifier, 1-2 parts of penetrant, 3-5 parts of flame retardant, 18-25 parts of antifreeze, and the remainder is deionized water, to be made up to 100 parts.

6. The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the thermosensitive gel skeleton to the flame retardant is 1:1.0-2.5, preferably 1:1.2-2.

0.

7. The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The thickener is selected from one or more of guar gum, xanthan gum, polyacrylamide, chitosan, or their derivatives; And / or, the rheology modifier is selected from one or more of dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyl ethylene glycol or glycerol; And / or, the antifreeze is selected from one or more of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerin, triethylene glycol, isopropanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or urea.

8. The temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thermosensitive gel skeleton is selected from one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; And / or, the crosslinking agent is selected from one or more of calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium nitrate, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, sodium tripolyphosphate, or zinc chloride; And / or, the penetrant is selected from one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether, AEO-3, AEO-9, AEO-10, AEO-15, JFC-E, AEC or Tween surfactants.

9. A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant, temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Hydrate the thermosensitive gel skeleton to obtain solution A, and mix the thickener and rheology modifier to obtain solution B; S2. Mix solution A with solution B, add crosslinking agent, and stir at 200-400 r / min for 1-2 h to obtain solution C; S3. Shear solution C at 5000-8000 r / min for 5-15 min, add penetrant, flame retardant and antifreeze, disperse and defoam, and let stand at 0-10℃ for 8-24 h to obtain thermosensitive gel fire extinguishing agent.

10. The application of a temperature-sensitive gel fire extinguishing agent resistant to low-temperature storage and transportation as described in any one of claims 1-8 in the fire extinguishing of lithium-ion batteries.