An oxygen-free copper rod casting method and system based on a wood plug reduction process

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of oxygen-free copper rods, and particularly relates to an oxygen-free copper rod casting method and system based on a wood insertion reduction process, which comprises the following steps: S1, melting copper raw materials to obtain copper liquid; S2, measuring the depth H of the copper liquid and the length L of the wood rod; S3, connecting the wood rod with a connecting piece, and connecting the connecting piece with a mechanical insertion device, wherein the connecting piece is made of pure copper; S4, inserting the wood rod into the copper liquid through the connecting piece by the mechanical insertion device, and the wood rod is completely immersed in the copper liquid, and the wood rod is located in the upper middle part of the copper liquid; S5, after the wood rod is reacted to a predetermined state, the mechanical insertion device is separated from the connecting piece, so that the wood rod and the connecting piece are immersed in the copper liquid; and S6, the deoxygenated copper liquid is treated through subsequent processes, and finally, an oxygen-free copper rod product is cast. The application provides an oxygen-free copper rod casting method and system based on a wood insertion reduction process, and aims to solve the problems of low wood utilization rate and great environmental hazards in the oxygen-free copper rod casting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oxygen-free copper rods, specifically relating to a method and system for casting oxygen-free copper rods based on a wood insertion reduction process. Background Technology

[0002] Oxygen-free copper rods are widely used in the manufacture of conductive materials and cables in the power, electronics, and communications industries due to their excellent electrical conductivity and good processing characteristics. The oxygen content of oxygen-free copper rods typically needs to be controlled at extremely low levels to meet the stringent requirements of subsequent drawing processes and the end products for conductivity, ductility, and fatigue resistance. Therefore, in the casting process of oxygen-free copper rods, the deoxidation treatment of the molten copper is a crucial step that determines the oxygen content and final overall performance of the product.

[0003] For a long time, enterprises have generally used the wood-insertion reduction process to reduce the oxygen content in molten copper. The basic process is as follows: after melting copper in a reverberatory furnace, it is first refined by oxidation and the oxide slag is removed. Then, fresh wooden sticks are inserted deep into the high-temperature molten copper for reduction treatment. The wooden sticks undergo rapid pyrolysis and dry distillation reactions in the high-temperature molten copper, thereby releasing reducing gases. The reducing gases create a strong stirring effect in the molten copper, which on the one hand reduces cuprous oxide (Cu2O) dissolved in the molten copper to metallic copper, and on the other hand, helps impurities to be discharged by floating bubbles, thus achieving the dual purpose of deoxidation and purification.

[0004] In practice, when using the wood-insertion reduction process to cast oxygen-free copper rods, operators need to manually insert the lower part of a wooden rod into the molten copper to allow the rod to react with the copper. After the reaction is complete, the remaining wooden rod is removed. Only after the reaction has occurred can the molten copper be cast into the oxygen-free copper rod. However, in this process, the top of the wooden rod protrudes above the surface of the molten copper, preventing the upper part of the rod from reacting with the copper. This results in low utilization of the wooden rod, conflicting with existing environmental protection principles that emphasize wood conservation. Furthermore, the portion of the wooden rod above the liquid surface generates smoke and other harmful gases in the high-temperature environment, further increasing the environmental treatment burden and negatively impacting the company. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method and system for casting oxygen-free copper rods based on a wood insertion reduction process, aiming to solve the problems of low wood utilization and significant environmental hazards in the casting process of oxygen-free copper rods.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for casting oxygen-free copper rods based on a wood insertion reduction process, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, melting copper raw materials to obtain molten copper; S2, measure the depth H of the copper liquid and the length L of the wooden rod. The length of the wooden rod must meet the following requirements. ; S3, connect the wooden stick to the connector, and then connect the connector to the mechanical insertion device. The connector is made of pure copper. S4, the mechanical insertion device inserts the wooden stick into the copper liquid through the connector, and the wooden stick is completely immersed in the copper liquid, with the wooden stick located in the upper middle part of the copper liquid; S5, after the wooden rod reacts to the predetermined state, the mechanical insertion device separates from the connector, allowing the wooden rod and connector to be immersed in the copper liquid; S6, after deoxygenation, the copper liquid undergoes subsequent processing to finally cast into an oxygen-free copper rod.

[0007] Compared to the traditional wood insertion and restoration process, this invention completely immerses the entire wooden stick inside the molten copper, preventing the top of the stick from being exposed outside the molten copper and causing a combustion reaction. This reduces the generation of harmful fumes and dust, lowers the burden of waste gas treatment for enterprises, and allows the entire wooden stick to participate in the deoxygenation reaction, greatly improving the utilization rate of wood and conforming to the current production concept of energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the wooden rod is provided with reaction holes and / or reaction tanks to increase the contact area between the wooden rod and the molten copper.

[0009] Preferably, in S4, the process of the wooden rod entering the copper liquid is divided into three stages: the first stage is when the wooden rod starts to move to a depth of 10% of the depth of the copper liquid; the second stage is when the wooden rod moves from a depth of 10% of the depth of the copper liquid to a depth of 50% of the depth of the copper liquid; and the third stage is when the wooden rod moves from a depth of 50% of the depth of the copper liquid to the target depth. The speed of the wooden stick in the second stage, V2, is greater than the speed of the wooden stick in the first stage, V1, and the speed of the wooden stick in the third stage, V3.

[0010] Preferably, the depth position of the wooden rod in the copper liquid is determined by the movement of the wooden rod. The movement time of the wooden rod in the first stage is t1, the movement time of the wooden rod in the second stage is t2, and the movement time of the wooden rod in the third stage is t3. Where X is the distance between the bottom of the molten copper and the top of the wooden stick when the stick is in its initial position; Where K is the ablation rate of the wooden stick, which is obtained through measurement; Where D is the target depth of the wooden rod, and K is the ablation rate of the wooden rod, which is obtained through measurement.

[0011] Preferably, in step S4, the number of inserted wooden sticks is at least 5, and the 5 wooden sticks are arranged in a cross shape in the copper liquid; The longest wooden stick is the length of With the length of the shortest wooden stick The length difference between them is , Must meet .

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention discloses a system using the above-described oxygen-free copper rod casting method, comprising a furnace, a mechanical insertion device, and a controller. The furnace is used to contain molten copper, the mechanical insertion device is provided corresponding to the furnace, and the mechanical insertion device is used to be adapted to a connector so that a wooden rod is inserted into the molten copper in the furnace. The mechanical insertion device is signal-connected to the controller.

[0013] Preferably, the mechanical insertion device is equipped with a support member, and the internal structure of the connector has a receiving channel. The support member is received in the receiving channel and provides support for the connector. The support member and the connector are connected by a detachable structure. When the mechanical insertion device is separated from the connector, the support member is separated from the connector by the detachable structure, and the support member exits the receiving channel.

[0014] Preferably, the detachable structure includes a pin hole, a pin, and a control channel. The pin is retractably mounted on the support member, the pin hole is located in the connector, and the pin can be inserted into / out of the pin hole. The control channel is located inside the support member and communicates with the installation position of the pin. When air is inflated into the control channel, the pin extends outward and enters the pin hole, connecting the support member and the connector. When air is drawn into the control channel, the pin retracts inward and exits the pin hole, separating the support member from the connector.

[0015] Preferably, the support member is provided with a mounting groove, the pin is installed in the mounting groove, and a ball bearing assembly is disposed in the mounting groove, through which the ball bearing assembly slides in contact with the pin.

[0016] Preferably, the pin hole is located on the upper part of the connector and does not come into contact with the molten copper.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the traditional wood insertion and restoration process, this invention completely immerses the entire wooden stick inside the molten copper, avoiding the top of the wooden stick being exposed outside the surface of the molten copper and causing a combustion reaction. This reduces the generation of harmful smoke and dust, lowers the burden of waste gas treatment for enterprises, and allows the entire wooden stick to participate in the deoxygenation reaction, greatly improving the utilization rate of wood and conforming to the current production concept of energy conservation and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a process for casting oxygen-free copper rods based on a wood insertion reduction process.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the stages of a wooden rod entering molten copper.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the change in the velocity of the wooden rod as it enters the molten copper.

[0021] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the distribution of multiple wooden rods within the molten copper.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connector.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection status between the connector and the support.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of setting up a ventilation channel.

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram for setting up the collection hood.

[0026] The reference numerals in the attached drawings include: connector 1, receiving channel 11, support 2, pin 3, pin hole 4, control channel 5, ball bearing assembly 6, ventilation channel 7, and collection cover 8. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] Example 1 The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 As shown, a method for casting oxygen-free copper rods based on a wood insertion reduction process includes the following steps: Step S1: The copper raw material is put into the furnace for melting, and the melting temperature is controlled at 1100-1200℃ to obtain molten copper. The copper raw material used is a conventional copper raw material, and the furnace can be a conventional furnace used for melting molten copper in the existing technology. This invention does not make any special limitations on this.

[0029] Step S2: After the copper liquid is formed, measure the depth H of the copper liquid in the furnace to facilitate precise control of the subsequent immersion depth of the wooden rod. The depth H of the copper liquid can be detected in real time by setting graduation lines on the inner wall of the furnace or by using a high-temperature resistant depth measuring device.

[0030] When the depth H of the copper melt is obtained, the length L of the wooden rod is measured simultaneously. The length of the wooden rod must meet the following requirements. If the length of the wooden stick does not meet the condition, the wooden stick shall be rejected.

[0031] It should be noted that the length limitation in this embodiment takes into account both the need for the wooden rod to be long enough to ensure complete immersion and the need to maintain a safe distance between the lower end of the rod and the furnace bottom after full immersion to prevent contact with the furnace bottom. If the wooden rod is too short, the immersion depth will be insufficient, resulting in a limited reaction area. If the wooden rod is too long, the lower end of the rod will easily approach or even collide with the furnace bottom, stirring up the sediment and affecting the quality of the molten copper, while also increasing the risk of the wooden rod breaking.

[0032] In this embodiment, the wooden stick is preferably made of dried pine, fir, or poplar. At the same time, the wooden stick should be relatively straight to avoid it tilting or getting stuck during insertion due to uneven force.

[0033] To accelerate the contact and reaction between the molten copper and the wooden rod, this embodiment incorporates multiple reaction holes on the wooden rod. These holes penetrate the entire rod, allowing the molten copper to flow in from one end and out from the other, creating an internal convection channel within the rod. The reaction holes increase the contact area between the wooden rod and the molten copper, enabling the copper to penetrate the holes and thus accelerating the pyrolysis and reduction reactions of the wooden rod, improving deoxygenation efficiency. Furthermore, the reaction holes are spirally distributed along the length of the wooden rod and located only in the lower middle section. This spiral distribution ensures that the wooden rod has reaction channels at all heights within the molten copper, preventing the reaction from concentrating in a localized area and resulting in a more uniform deoxygenation reaction along the rod's length, thus improving the consistency of the deoxygenation effect.

[0034] To further increase the contact area between the molten copper and the wooden rod, this embodiment can also create a reaction groove on the surface of the wooden rod. The reaction groove and the reaction hole can be provided simultaneously or either one can be provided. The reaction groove can be a longitudinal groove extending along the axial direction of the wooden rod, an annular groove extending circumferentially along the wooden rod, or a combination of both.

[0035] It should be noted that by setting reaction holes and / or reaction tanks, the reaction time between the wooden rod and the molten copper can be shortened, thereby shortening the time for the connector to provide support.

[0036] Step S3: After the wooden stick is processed to the required standard, it is connected to the connector. The upper end of the connector is connected to the mechanical insertion device, so that the mechanical insertion device can subsequently drive the wooden stick to insert into the copper liquid, solving the problems of uncontrollable insertion depth and insertion time during manual insertion in the prior art. The connector is made of pure copper.

[0037] Understandably, the reason for using pure copper for the connectors is that they will be immersed in and in direct contact with the molten copper in subsequent steps. Pure copper has the same composition as the molten copper, so even if the connectors partially melt at high temperatures, they will not introduce foreign impurities into the molten copper, ensuring the purity of the oxygen-free copper rod product. At the same time, due to the high temperature in the furnace, the size of the connectors needs to be as large as possible to ensure that they do not melt and break before the reaction is complete.

[0038] Step S4: After the above preparations are completed, the mechanical insertion device operates, inserting the wooden rod into the molten copper through the transmission of the connector. After the wooden rod enters the molten copper, it is completely immersed in the copper, and the lower part of the connector is also below the surface of the molten copper.

[0039] When the wooden rod is inside the molten copper, it should be positioned in the upper-middle part of the molten copper. The rod should not touch the bottom of the furnace, thus avoiding stirring up sediment and collisions with the furnace bottom. Furthermore, when the wooden rod is fully immersed in the molten copper, the distance between the upper end of the rod and the surface of the molten copper should be no less than 50mm. This distance is to prevent the upper end of the rod from protruding above the surface or being too close to the surface, thus preventing air from affecting the deoxygenation effect.

[0040] It should be noted that the process of the wooden rod entering the molten copper in this embodiment is divided into three stages. The first stage is when the wooden rod begins to move to a depth of 10% of the molten copper. The second stage is from 10% to 50% of the molten copper. The third stage is from 50% to the target depth (the target depth is determined according to different situations). The insertion speed is controlled differently in each of the three stages. Specifically, the wooden rod moving speed v1 in the first stage is controlled at 5-15 mm / s, and the specific speed value of v1 is determined on-site based on parameters such as the size of the wooden rod. A slower insertion speed helps the wooden rod to pass smoothly through the surface of the molten copper, reducing violent fluctuations and splashing of the molten copper, while allowing the surface of the wooden rod to gradually heat up. The wooden rod moving speed v2 in the second stage is controlled at 30-60 mm / s, and the specific speed value of v2 is determined on-site based on parameters such as the size of the wooden rod. A faster insertion speed allows the wooden rod to quickly reach the target depth, shortening its dwell time in the shallow copper layer. In the third stage, the rod's movement speed is reduced again, controlled at 5–15 mm / s. The specific speed value for v3 is determined on-site based on parameters such as the rod's dimensions. A slower insertion speed allows for precise control of the rod's final position, preventing it from inserting too deeply due to inertia and approaching the furnace bottom, while also reducing disturbance to the molten copper.

[0041] The moving speed V2 of the wooden stick in the second stage is greater than the moving speed V1 in the first stage and the moving speed V3 in the third stage. Furthermore, both V2 and V3 are greater than the ablation rate K of the wooden stick in the molten copper. The specific value of the ablation rate K of the wooden stick in the molten copper can be obtained through on-site experiments.

[0042] Since the depth of the molten copper and the length of the wooden stick vary each time the stick is inserted and restored, this embodiment provides a time-based method for determining the stick's position in the molten copper and thus adapting the stick's movement speed accordingly. Timing is started from the beginning of the stick's movement; the time for the stick's movement in the first stage is t1, the time from the first stage to the second stage is t2, and the time from the second stage to the third stage is t3.

[0043] Where X is the distance between the bottom of the molten copper and the top of the wooden stick when it is in the initial position. The molten copper is located in the furnace, and the bottom of the furnace is the bottom of the molten copper. The position of the bottom of the molten copper is fixed, and the position of the top of the wooden stick is also fixed when it is in the initial position (that is, regardless of the length of the wooden stick, the top of the wooden stick is in the same position in the initial state). This value can be obtained by measurement. L is the length of the wooden stick, and the specific value is obtained by measurement in step S2. H is the depth of the molten copper, and the specific value is obtained by measurement in step S2. v1 is the moving speed of the wooden stick in the first stage, and the specific value is set by the operator according to the state of the wooden stick.

[0044] Where H is the depth of the copper liquid, the specific value of which is obtained by measurement in step S2; K is the ablation rate of the wooden rod, which is obtained by the operator. Different types of wooden rods have different ablation rates. Where H is the depth of the copper liquid, the specific value of which is obtained by measurement in step S2; D is the target depth of the wooden rod, which is set by the operator according to the site conditions; K is the ablation rate of the wooden rod, which is obtained by measurement by the operator. Different types of wooden rods have different ablation rates.

[0045] When the wooden stick is placed into the molten copper, it undergoes pyrolysis and reduction reactions under high temperature. The carbon and hydrogen elements in the wooden stick react with cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) in the molten copper, thus achieving deoxygenation. The bubbles produced by the reaction rise from the molten copper, and the extent of the deoxygenation reaction can be qualitatively judged by observing the number of bubbles on the surface of the molten copper.

[0046] Step S5: After the wooden rod reacts to the predetermined state, the mechanical insertion device separates from the connector, and the wooden rod and connector are no longer restricted, allowing them to freely enter the molten copper and react with it.

[0047] In this embodiment, the reaction of the wooden stick to the predetermined state can be achieved by the reaction time reaching a preset time (the specific time is related to the specifications of the wooden stick, the temperature of the copper liquid, and the initial oxygen content), or by the operator observing a significant reduction in bubbles on the surface of the copper liquid, indicating that the reduction reaction is nearing completion.

[0048] It is understandable that since the connector is made of pure copper, its melting point is lower than that of molten copper. After separation, the connector will gradually melt in the molten copper and become one with it, without introducing impurities. This also avoids increasing the workload of operators in removing the connector and simplifies the process.

[0049] Step S6: After deoxygenation, the molten copper undergoes subsequent processes such as slag removal, refining, and heat preservation before being fed into a continuous casting machine or semi-continuous casting machine for casting, ultimately producing oxygen-free copper rods. The subsequent processes are conventional methods for preparing oxygen-free copper rods, and therefore will not be elaborated upon in this embodiment.

[0050] Example 2 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1. In order to improve the reaction efficiency, multiple wooden sticks are inserted in this embodiment.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, at least five wooden sticks are inserted. These five sticks are arranged in a cross shape in the molten copper. Four sticks are positioned along the four arms of the cross, and the fifth stick is positioned at the center of the cross. Figure 4 As shown, the cross-shaped distribution ensures that the wooden rods are evenly dispersed across the cross-section of the molten copper, guaranteeing that all areas of the molten copper receive sufficient deoxygenation treatment and avoiding the problems of excessive or insufficient deoxygenation caused by concentrated arrangement of the wooden rods.

[0052] Since multiple wooden sticks are used, to avoid significant differences in immersion depth caused by some sticks being too long or too short, the longest stick in this embodiment is [length missing]. With the length of the shortest wooden stick The length difference between them is , Must meet This length difference constraint ensures that the lower ends of each wooden rod are at similar depths, guaranteeing that the reaction conditions (temperature, contact area, and reaction time) between each wooden rod and the molten copper are basically the same, thus avoiding the problem of some wooden rods not reacting sufficiently or excessively due to excessive length differences.

[0053] In this embodiment, the central wooden rod is the longest compared to the other rods, meaning the five rods are arranged in a stepped pattern, descending from the center along the four arms of a cross. Therefore, when the mechanical insertion device lowers the five rods synchronously, the central rod, being the longest, is the first to contact the copper molten metal surface and enter the liquid; as insertion continues, the surrounding rods enter the liquid last. During the reaction phase, the lower ends of the four-arm rods are in a shallower position, while the lower end of the central rod is in a deeper position.

[0054] Example 3 This embodiment provides a system for using the oxygen-free copper rod casting method described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, including a furnace, a mechanical insertion device, and a controller.

[0055] The furnace in this embodiment is used to contain molten copper. An open furnace opening is provided at the top of the furnace body, offering an access channel for the working end of the mechanical insertion device. The specific structure of the furnace and the molten copper preparation process can employ existing technologies, and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] In this embodiment, the mechanical insertion device is configured to correspond to the furnace. Specifically, the mechanical insertion device is located on the side of the furnace, and its working end can be moved directly above the furnace and aligned with the furnace opening. The mechanical insertion device provides the driving force required for the wooden rod to be inserted into the molten copper, and precisely controls various parameters such as the insertion depth, insertion speed, and dwell time of the wooden rod.

[0057] The mechanical insertion device can be either a robotic arm or a gantry crane. When using a robotic arm, its multi-degree-of-freedom joint structure allows for flexible adjustment of the wooden stick's spatial posture, making it suitable for scenarios where the furnace opening is limited or multi-angle operations are required. When using a gantry crane, the gantry's crossbeam spans above the furnace, and the working end moves vertically in a straight line. The mechanical insertion device is equipped with a clamp, which can be a conventional mechanical power clamp, such as a cylinder clamp. The clamp connects to the connector 1, allowing the mechanical insertion device to transmit force to the wooden stick, which is then moved by the device.

[0058] In this embodiment, connector 1 is cylindrical in shape. Figure 5 As shown, the lower diameter of connector 1 is larger. The increased lower wall thickness increases heat capacity and the length of the heat conduction path, significantly delaying the softening time of the lower part of the connector. The reduced upper wall thickness lightens the overall weight of the connector, lowering the requirements for the support strength and reducing material usage. Connector 1 is inserted into the wooden stick from the end of the stick, and the connector 1 and the wooden stick form a straight line after connection. Connector 1 is preferably made of pure copper, and the lower end of connector 1 is connected to the wooden stick via a threaded connection or a direct insertion connection, ensuring a stable connection.

[0059] In this embodiment, the controller is also connected to the mechanical insertion device for signal coordination of the overall operation of the control system. The controller can be an industrial control computer or a programmable logic controller (PLC), etc. The controller has pre-stored process control programs. Operators input or call process parameters (including copper melt depth, wooden rod insertion depth, insertion speed at each stage, reaction holding time, etc.) through a human-machine interface. Based on these set parameters, the controller sends motion control commands to the mechanical insertion device, driving the wooden rod to automatically complete the insertion and restoration process according to the preset process. Simultaneously, the controller can also connect to relevant sensors configured on the furnace to obtain the furnace's status and then adjust the wooden rod insertion accordingly.

[0060] The specific implementation method is described below: Copper raw material is added to a furnace and melted by heating to form molten copper. The depth H of the molten copper in the furnace is detected by scale lines or related detection devices on the inner wall of the furnace. This depth data is transmitted to the controller manually or automatically. The working end of the mechanical insertion device is clamped and connected to the upper end of the connector 1, and the lower end of the connector 1 is connected to the wooden rod. The mechanical insertion device drives the connector 1 and the wooden rod to move directly above the furnace opening, so that the wooden rod is vertically aligned with the surface of the molten copper. Subsequently, driven by the motion control signal issued by the controller, the mechanical insertion device inserts the wooden rod into the molten copper according to the preset three-stage speed stages. After the wooden rod reaches the target depth, it is completely submerged in the molten copper. After the predetermined reaction conditions are reached, the controller controls the mechanical insertion device to release the clamp on the connector 1, and the connector 1 is disengaged from the mechanical insertion device. After disengagement, the wooden rod and the connector 1 come into contact with the molten copper under the action of gravity. The working end of the mechanical insertion device then rises to the initial position, waiting for the next working cycle.

[0061] Example 4 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 3. Since the temperature of the molten copper in the furnace is higher than the melting point of pure copper, the part of the pure copper connector 1 below the surface of the molten copper will gradually soften after it comes into direct contact with the molten copper. After the connector 1 softens, the wooden stick can easily cause the connector 1 to deform, which in turn causes the position of the wooden stick to shift, affecting the uniformity of the deoxidation reaction and the reliability of the process.

[0062] Therefore, as Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the connector 1 has an internal receiving channel 11. The receiving channel 11 is a blind hole structure and does not penetrate the entire connector 1; only the top of the receiving channel 11 (i.e., the upper end face of the connector 1) communicates with the outside. The cross-section of the receiving channel 11 is circular. Simultaneously, a support member 2 is provided at the mating position of the mechanical insertion device. The support member 2 is made of a high-temperature resistant alloy material, possessing strong high-temperature resistance and support strength. The support member 2 is also cylindrical in shape and can be stably accommodated within the receiving channel 11. The support member 2 internally supports the connector 1, ensuring that the connector 1 can stably support the wooden stick. The support member 2 and the connector 1 are connected by a detachable structure, which enables stable connection and separation of the support member 2 and the connector 1.

[0063] In the specific working process: During the insertion and reaction phase, the support member 2 is located within the receiving channel 11 and is stably connected to the connector 1 via a detachable structure. The mechanical insertion device drives the connector 1 and the wooden stick downwards through the support member 2. During this phase, the support member 2 acts as the inner skeleton of the connector 1, providing structural support and enhancing its support. After the reaction is complete, the connector 1 and the support member are separated from the molten copper by the mechanical insertion device. The connector 1 and the support member are suspended in the air for appropriate cooling. Then, the detachable structure is unlocked, allowing the support member 2 to exit from the receiving channel 11 and rise with the mechanical insertion device, while the connector 1 falls into the molten copper. Since the connector 1 is made of pure copper, it will gradually melt and fuse into the molten copper, while the support member 2 is made of a high-temperature resistant alloy and can be reused multiple times.

[0064] The detachable structure in this embodiment specifically includes a pin 3, a pin hole 4, and a control channel 5. The pin 3 includes a limiting part and a transmission part, both of which are cylindrical and integrally molded, with the diameter of the limiting part being smaller than that of the transmission part. The support member 2 has a circular receiving groove on its side wall, and a detachable sealing plate is installed at the opening of the receiving groove, secured by fasteners. Opening the sealing plate allows the pin 3 to be inserted into the receiving groove. After closing the sealing plate, the transmission part of the pin 3 is confined within the receiving groove. The sealing plate has a connecting port for the movement of the limiting part of the pin 3; when the pin 3 retracts or extends within the receiving groove, the limiting part of the pin 3 retracts or extends at the connecting port. A circular transmission port is located at the bottom inner part of the receiving groove, with a diameter smaller than that of the receiving groove. The control channel 5 is located inside the support component 2 and connects to the bottom of the receiving tank via a transmission port. The end of the control channel 5 is connected to the negative pressure pump and the air pump via a tee connector. Valves are installed on the pipelines of the negative pressure pump and the air pump via the tee connector for opening and closing. The valves, negative pressure pump, and air pump are all connected to the controller via signals, thus ensuring the automated control operation of the entire system.

[0065] When a stable connection between the support 2 and the connector 1 is required, the air pump is started to inject gas (a relatively low-temperature inert gas) into the control channel 5. The air pressure inside the control channel 5 increases, pushing the pin 3 outward and inserting the pin 3 into the pin hole 4. When the connection between the support 2 and the connector 1 needs to be released, the negative pressure pump is started to extract the gas from the control channel 5. The air pressure inside the control channel 5 decreases, causing the pin 3 to retract into the receiving groove and exit the pin hole 4.

[0066] It should be noted that when the support 2 needs to be connected to the connector 1, the air pump continuously inflates the control channel 5. First, continuous inflation applies a continuous force to the pin 3, preventing it from retracting. Second, the gas provides appropriate cooling to the support 2, preventing it from operating at high temperatures for extended periods. Third, after leaking gas through the mounting groove to the outside of the support 2, the gas can enter the gap between the support 2 and the receiving channel 11, creating an isolation between them and preventing thermal adhesion between the support 2 and the connector 1. The leaked gas also provides appropriate cooling to the connector 1. Finally, the gas discharged from the pin hole 4 forms an air curtain, which also seals the pin hole, preventing splashed impurities from reaching and clogging it.

[0067] To prevent molten copper from entering the receiving channel 11, in this embodiment, the pin hole 4 is located on the upper part of the connector 1. When the connector 1 is immersed in the molten copper along with the wooden stick, the pin hole 4 will never come into contact with the molten copper, thus preventing the molten copper from flowing into the receiving channel 11 and affecting the normal withdrawal of the support 2.

[0068] To improve the smoothness of the movement of the pin 3, this embodiment also provides a ball bearing assembly 6 on the inner wall of the receiving groove. The ball bearing assembly 6 includes a mounting cylinder and balls, with the balls disposed on the inner wall of the mounting cylinder. The balls are located at four positions on the top, bottom, left, and right of the mounting cylinder, and are arranged in a straight line. Simultaneously, a straight groove is formed on the outer wall of the pin 3, with an arc-shaped cross-section, and the balls are accommodated inside the straight groove. Through the cooperation between the balls and the straight groove, the pin 3 is in a rolling friction state during movement, effectively improving the smoothness of the pin 3's movement.

[0069] Example 5 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 4, aiming to enhance the cooling effect on the connector and prevent the connector from softening too quickly in the high-temperature copper liquid environment.

[0070] Specifically, in this embodiment, a conical sealing protrusion is provided on the top of the support member 2, and the outer conical surface of the conical sealing protrusion is adapted to the inner wall of the top port of the receiving channel 11. When the support member 2 is inserted into the receiving channel 11, the conical sealing protrusion and the top of the receiving channel 11 form a conical sealing fit, sealing the top port of the receiving channel 11 and making the receiving channel 11 a relatively sealed space. At the same time, a ventilation channel 7 is provided on the outer surface of the connector 1, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the venting channel 7 is inclined, with its inlet end located at the bottom of the receiving channel 11 and its outlet end extending to the outer surface of the connector 1 and above the copper liquid surface. The venting channel 7 is connected to the receiving channel 11 through its inlet end, and since its outlet end is always above the copper liquid surface, the venting channel 7 does not come into contact with the copper liquid, effectively preventing the copper liquid from flowing back into the receiving channel 11 through the venting channel 7.

[0071] It should be noted that the airflow entering through control channel 5 must pass through the transmission port and the receiving groove before entering receiving channel 11. However, pin 3, located inside the receiving groove, obstructs and throttles the airflow, resulting in a smaller actual airflow rate and lower velocity entering receiving channel 11. Therefore, to further enhance the airflow effect, a separate air supply channel can be provided inside the support member 2. This air supply channel is independent of and does not connect with control channel 5, and a separate air pump and inert gas source are configured for it. The outlet end of the air supply channel is located on the side wall of support member 2. By continuously filling the air supply channel with relatively low-temperature inert gas, a more continuous and stable airflow can be ensured between receiving channel 11 and ventilation channel 7.

[0072] In some embodiments, to enhance the protection of the pin hole 4, the outlet of the ventilation channel 7 can be positioned close to the pin hole 4, so that the airflow exiting from the ventilation channel 7 forms an air curtain in the outer area of ​​the pin hole 4. This air curtain can prevent impurities such as copper molten metal splashes, fumes, and oxide slag from entering the pin hole 4 and causing blockage.

[0073] Example 6 This embodiment is an improvement upon embodiment 5. Since an inert gas supply needs to be maintained for a long time, the amount of inert gas used is large, which is not conducive to cost savings. Therefore, this embodiment provides a collection hood 8 on the upper part of the support member 2, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the collection hood 8 is used to recover and recycle the inert gas discharged from the ventilation channel 7.

[0074] The specific structure is as follows: The collecting hood 8 is cylindrical, with its axis coinciding with the axis of the support member 2. The upper end of the collecting hood 8 is closed, and the lower end is open. The collecting hood 8 is installed on the outer periphery of the support member 2 and connected to the support member 2 (through threaded connection, snap-fit, or other installation methods). When the support member 2 is connected to the connecting member 1, the upper part of the connecting member 1 extends into the interior of the collecting hood 8. The inner diameter of the collecting hood 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting member 1, forming an annular clearance fit space between them. The outlet of the ventilation channel 7 faces the inner cavity of the collecting hood 8, allowing the inert gas discharged from the ventilation channel 7 to enter the interior of the collecting hood 8. Simultaneously, a connector is provided on the side wall of the collecting hood 8 for connecting to a collecting pipe. A recovery pump is installed at the end of the collecting pipe. When the recovery pump is working, it extracts the inert gas discharged from the ventilation channel 7. After the pump recovers the inert gas, it is stored in a gas storage tank or other gas storage container.

[0075] In this embodiment, the coverage area of ​​the collection cover 8 also includes the pin hole 4, that is, the collection cover 8 covers the pin hole 4 on the connector 1. In this state, the inert gas that overflows from the gap between the pin hole 4 and the pin 3 is also confined in the inner cavity of the collection cover 8 and recovered, further improving the recovery rate of inert gas.

[0076] Example 7 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 6. In this embodiment, an inflation pipe is also provided on the collection hood 8, and the inflation pipe is also connected to the aforementioned inflation pump. Of course, if the inflation pump needs to inflate the control channel or the collection hood 8, the corresponding channel can be opened and closed through the corresponding valve to ensure that the two do not conflict with each other.

[0077] With the above-described configuration, when pin 3 needs to retract to release the connection between support 2 and connector 1, if the negative pressure pump malfunctions or the negative pressure adsorption recovery effect is poor, inert gas can be injected into the inner cavity of collection hood 8 via an air pump and air pipe. At this time, the air pressure inside collection hood 8 increases, and the airflow pushes pin 3 back into the receiving groove. The combined use of negative pressure adsorption retraction and air-push retraction forms a dual-mode unlocking mechanism that serves as a backup, improving the reliability of pin retraction.

[0078] Meanwhile, the collection hood 8 can also be configured as a separate structure comprising a first chamber and a second chamber, isolated by a partition. The first and second chambers are respectively connected to the pump body via pipes. The first chamber communicates only with the pin hole 4, and the second chamber communicates only with the outlet of the ventilation channel 7. In this design, the high-temperature gas discharged from the ventilation channel 7 is confined within the second chamber and recovered via the collection pipe, while the first chamber containing the pin hole 4 provides insulation. Furthermore, since the gas discharged from the ventilation channel 7 is prone to pressure fluctuations, separation also helps prevent these fluctuations from affecting the movement of the pin 4. In addition, because the two chambers are independent, pressure sensors, flow sensors, and other monitoring elements can be installed separately to monitor the pressure and gas flow in each chamber in real time. This provides a data foundation for precise control of process parameters and facilitates rapid location of the fault source in case of anomalies (e.g., determining whether the second chamber's recovery pipe is blocked or the first chamber's gas supply is abnormal), improving the maintainability and fault diagnosis capabilities of the entire system.

[0079] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for casting oxygen-free copper rods based on a wood-insertion reduction process, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1, melting copper raw materials to obtain molten copper; S2, measure the depth H of the copper liquid and the length L of the wooden rod. The length of the wooden rod must meet the following requirements. ； S3, connect the wooden stick to the connector, and then connect the connector to the mechanical insertion device. The connector is made of pure copper. S4, the mechanical insertion device inserts the wooden stick into the copper liquid through the connector, and the wooden stick is completely immersed in the copper liquid, with the wooden stick located in the upper middle part of the copper liquid; S5, after the wooden rod reacts to the predetermined state, the mechanical insertion device separates from the connector, allowing the wooden rod and connector to be immersed in the copper liquid; S6, after deoxygenation, the copper liquid undergoes subsequent processing to finally cast into an oxygen-free copper rod.

2. The oxygen-free copper rod casting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the wooden rod is provided with reaction holes and / or reaction tanks to increase the contact area between the wooden rod and the molten copper.

3. The oxygen-free copper rod casting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the process of the wooden rod entering the copper liquid is divided into three stages: the first stage is when the wooden rod starts to move until it is inserted into the copper liquid to a depth of 10%; the second stage is when the wooden rod moves from the copper liquid depth of 10% to the copper liquid depth of 50%; and the third stage is when the wooden rod moves from the copper liquid depth of 50% to the target depth. The speed of the wooden stick in the second stage, V2, is greater than the speed of the wooden stick in the first stage, V1, and the speed of the wooden stick in the third stage, V3.

4. The oxygen-free copper rod casting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The depth of the wooden rod in the molten copper is determined by moving the wooden rod. The movement time of the wooden rod in the first stage is t1, the movement time of the wooden rod in the second stage is t2, and the movement time of the wooden rod in the third stage is t3. Where X is the distance between the bottom of the molten copper and the top of the wooden stick when the stick is in its initial position; Where K is the ablation rate of the wooden stick, which is obtained through measurement; Where D is the target depth of the wooden rod, and K is the ablation rate of the wooden rod, which is obtained through measurement.

5. The oxygen-free copper rod casting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, at least 5 wooden sticks are inserted, and the 5 wooden sticks are arranged in a cross shape in the copper liquid. The longest wooden stick is the length of With the length of the shortest wooden stick The length difference between them is , Must meet .

6. A system employing the oxygen-free copper rod casting method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The device includes a furnace, a mechanical insertion device, and a controller. The furnace is used to contain molten copper. The mechanical insertion device is provided corresponding to the furnace and is adapted to a connector so that a wooden rod is inserted into the molten copper in the furnace. The mechanical insertion device is signal-connected to the controller.

7. The oxygen-free copper rod casting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mechanical insertion device is equipped with a support member, and the internal structure of the connector has a receiving channel. The support member is received in the receiving channel, thereby providing support for the connector. The support member and the connector are connected by a detachable structure. When the mechanical insertion device is separated from the connector, the support member is separated from the connector by the detachable structure, and the support member exits the receiving channel.

8. The oxygen-free copper rod casting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detachable structure includes a pin hole, a pin, and a control channel. The pin is retractably mounted on the support member. The pin hole is located in the connector. The pin can be inserted into / out of the pin hole. The control channel is located inside the support member and communicates with the mounting position of the pin. When air is introduced into the control channel, the pin extends outward and enters the pin hole, connecting the support member and the connector. When air is drawn into the control channel, the pin retracts inward, the pin exits the pin hole, and the support separates from the connector.

9. The oxygen-free copper rod casting system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support member is provided with a mounting groove, the pin is installed in the mounting groove, and a ball bearing assembly is arranged in the mounting groove, which slides in contact with the pin through the ball bearing assembly.

10. The oxygen-free copper rod casting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pin hole is located on the upper part of the connector and does not come into contact with the molten copper.

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