A mechanism capable of automatically adjusting the shearing distance

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanism capable of automatically adjusting shearing distance, relates to post-finishing equipment of textiles, and comprises a rack, a front guide roller and a PLC control cabinet, further comprises a width-expanding roller component, a cutter adjusting component, a cutter supporting component and a cloth seam detection device; the cloth seam detection device comprises a light roller one, a pressing roller, a grating ruler and a pressing roller control assembly; the pressing roller control assembly comprises a swing lever base plate, a rotary fixed shaft, a top block, a top rod, a screw rod, a bracket, a speed reducer, a servo motor I and a synchronous belt assembly; when the fabric passes through the light roller one and the pressing roller, the fabric thickness is measured by the grating ruler, then the distance between the flat cutter in the cutter adjusting component and the replaceable cutter supporting strip in the cutter supporting component is adjusted by the PLC control, so that the shearing height can be automatically adjusted according to the fabric thickness. The application improves the working efficiency, enhances the stability of shearing and the quality after shearing, can automatically detect the thickness of the fabric before shearing through the PLC control, and can automatically lift the cutter without contacting the fabric.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to textile finishing equipment, specifically to a mechanism that can automatically adjust the shearing distance. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the textile finishing equipment field, there are existing shearing machines on the market for wool, worsted, spun, Dutch fleece, and polar fleece fabrics. Current market feedback indicates that: adjusting the distance between the front and rear flat blade holders and the support blades is inconvenient, with human error being the dominant factor; the finished fabric thickness equals the greige fabric thickness minus the shearing amount, making it difficult to guarantee the finished fabric thickness (weight); the automatic blade lifting contact type (pressure roller) affects sensitive fabrics; changes in fabric tension during sewing affect shearing quality; and vibration from the upper expansion roller motor affects shearing quality.

[0003] Traditional shearing mechanisms require manual adjustment of the distance between the flat blade holder and the support blade to adjust the fabric thickness. This is inconvenient, relying on visual inspection and touch for blade alignment, making human factors dominant and difficult to quantify, thus hindering effective control of shearing quality. Due to pre-shearing processing issues, variations in fabric thickness exist, requiring multiple manual adjustments to the fabric thickness after shearing, sometimes even necessitating a second shearing. Automatic blade lifting uses a contact-type mechanism (pressure rollers press onto the fabric, causing significant tension changes as the fabric passes through passive support rollers, resulting in vertical stripes, detection errors, and insufficient stability of the automatic blade lifting mechanism). When the support blades open and close, changes in fabric length and tension can lead to tearing. The drive motor for the upper expansion roller is mounted on the support blade, causing vibration and affecting shearing quality. Addressing these issues necessitates the development of a mechanism that automatically adjusts the shearing height. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a mechanism that can automatically adjust the shearing distance, improving work efficiency, shearing stability, and post-shearing quality. It visualizes and electrifies the parameters for blade setting and adjustment; it can automatically detect the fabric thickness before shearing via PLC control and achieve automatic blade lifting without contact with the fabric; it ensures consistent fabric length before and after blade swing; and the upper expansion motor is mounted on the frame to reduce the impact of motor vibration on shearing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A mechanism capable of automatically adjusting the shearing distance, comprising a frame, a front guide roller and a PLC control cabinet, and further comprising an expansion roller component, a knife adjusting component, a knife supporting component and a fabric seam detection device;

[0006] The fabric seam detection device includes a light roller, a pressure roller, a grating ruler, and a pressure roller control assembly. The pressure roller control assembly includes a swing arm pad, a rotating fixed shaft, a top block, a top rod, a screw, a bracket, a reducer, a servo motor I, and a synchronous belt assembly. The pressure roller and the top block are mounted on the swing arm pad, which is mounted on the rotating fixed shaft via bearings. The rotating fixed shaft is mounted on two side frames. The grating ruler, the bracket, and the servo motor I are mounted on the reducer, which is fixed to the frame via a reducer seat. When the fabric passes between the light roller and the pressure roller, the fabric thickness is measured by the grating ruler. The distance between the light roller and the pressure roller is adjusted by controlling the movement of the pressure roller control assembly via the servo motor I through the PLC control cabinet.

[0007] The blade adjustment component includes a circular blade, a circular blade support, a flat blade, a flat blade holder pull rod, a flat blade holder, a flat blade holder support, and a flat blade holder bearing. The flat blade and flat blade holder pull rod are mounted on the flat blade holder, and the flat blade holder is mounted on the flat blade holder adjustment support assembly via the flat blade holder bearing. The fabric thickness before shearing is automatically detected by a fabric seam detection device, and the distance between the flat blade in the circular blade component and the replaceable blade support strip in the blade support component is adjusted by a PLC control cabinet, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the shearing height according to the fabric thickness.

[0008] As a further improvement, the flat tool holder adjustment support assembly includes a servo motor II, a coupling, a ball screw module, an upper guide rail slider, a tool holder seat, a cross needle roller guide, a lower guide rail slider, and a tool adjustment grating ruler. The coupling connects the servo motor II and the ball screw module. The ball screw module is mounted on the upper guide rail slider. The cross needle roller guide includes two sets: one set is mounted horizontally on the upper guide rail slider, and the other set is mounted vertically on the lower guide rail slider. The lower guide rail slider and the tool adjustment grating ruler are both mounted on the tool holder seat, which is fixed to the machine frame.

[0009] As a further improvement, the knife-holding component adopts a swing-type knife-holding mechanism. The knife-holding component is respectively mounted on the two side frames via a knife-holding rotating seat. The replaceable knife-holding strip and the knife-holding seat are mounted on the knife-holding frame. The knife-holding frame and the cylinder plate are mounted on the rotating block. The rotating block is mounted on the knife-holding rotating seat via a bearing. The knife-holding rotating seat swings via a cylinder, ensuring that the fabric length is consistent before and after the replaceable knife-holding strip swings.

[0010] As a further improvement, the expanding roller assembly includes an expanding roller, an expanding optical roller, a synchronous belt I, and a synchronous pulley I. The expanding roller and the expanding optical roller are mounted on a bracket via bearings, and the bracket is mounted on a knife holder.

[0011] As a further improvement, the center of the drive output shaft of the expansion roller and the center of the knife support rotating seat are on the same axis, so that the length of the timing belt will not change.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the timing belt assembly includes a timing pulley, a timing pulley 1, a timing pulley 2, a timing pulley 3, a timing pulley 4, and a timing belt.

[0013] As a further improvement, the circular cutter support is provided with a circular cutter adjusting screw and a flat cutter front adjusting screw, and the flat cutter holder support is provided with a flat cutter rear adjusting screw.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] 1. Improve work efficiency, enhance shearing stability and post-shearing quality by making knife setting and adjustment parameters visible and operation electric; automatically detect fabric thickness before shearing via PLC control and achieve automatic knife lifting without contact with the fabric. The fabric seam uses a swing-type knife-supporting mechanism to ensure consistent fabric length before and after the knife swing. The upper expansion motor is mounted on the frame to reduce the impact of motor vibration on shearing.

[0016] 2. The flat blade holder is electrically adjustable forward and backward, ensuring the shearing point (blade tip) is absolutely horizontal and featuring zero-point calibration. The transmission output shaft of the upper expansion roller and the center of the blade support rotating seat are on the same axis, ensuring the length of the synchronous belt remains constant and the magnitude of the transmitted force remains unchanged. It can also automatically detect the fabric thickness, enabling automatic blade lifting without contact with the fabric.

[0017] 3. PLC control cabinets provide precise digital control, completely eliminating reliance on manual labor and improving finished product yield. This significantly reduces dependence on skilled workers and minimizes the uncertainty caused by manual intervention, providing strong support for enterprises to achieve cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and intelligent production. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fabric seam detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the fabric seam detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tool adjusting component structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram illustrating the electric front-to-back adjustment of the flat tool holder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the knife support component and the expansion roller component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the expansion roller component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Spreading roller assembly; 3. Front guide roller; 4. Dust collection assembly; 5. Fabric; 6. Knife adjustment assembly; 6-01. Circular knife; 6-02. Flat knife; 6-03. Circular knife support; 6-04. Flat knife holder; 6-05. Circular knife adjusting screw; 6-06. Fixed support rod; 6-07. Flat knife holder support; 6-08. Flat knife rear adjusting screw; 6-09. Flat knife holder adjusting support assembly; 6-09-1. Servo motor II; 6 -09-2, Coupling; 6-09-3, Ball screw module; 6-09-4, Upper guide rail slider; 6-09-5, Tool holder; 6-09-6, Crossed needle roller guide; 6-09-7, Lower guide rail slider; 6-09-8, Tool adjusting grating ruler; 6-09-8, Motor base; 6-10, Front adjusting bolt of flat tool; 6-11, Cylinder; 6-12, Flat tool holder tie rod; 6-13, Flat tool holder bearing; 7, Tool support assembly; 7-01 Replaceable knife support strip; 7-02 Knife support seat; 7-03 Knife support frame; 7-04 Knife support rotating seat; 7-05 Rotating block; 7-07 Limiting block; 7-08 Cylinder; 7-11 Cylinder support plate; 7-12 Bearing; 12-01 Output shaft; 12-02 Smooth roller; 12-03 Spreading roller; 12-04 Synchronous belt I; 12-05 Synchronous belt pulley I; 12-08 Bracket; 14. Fabric seam detection device; 14-01 Smooth roller I; 14-02 Pressure roller; 14- 03. Swing rod pad; 14-04. Optical roller two; 14-05. Rotating fixed shaft; 14-06. Top block; 14-07. Top rod; 14-08. Bracket; 14-09. Screw; 14-10. Reducer seat; 14-11. Grating ruler; 14-12. Reducer; 14-13. Servo motor I; 14-14. Synchronous pulley; 14-15. Synchronous pulley one; 14-16. Synchronous pulley two; 14-17. Synchronous pulley three; 14-18. Synchronous pulley four; 14-19. Synchronous belt. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a mechanism capable of automatically adjusting the shearing distance includes a frame 1, a front guide roller 3 and a PLC control cabinet, as well as an expansion roller component 2, a knife adjusting component 6, a knife supporting component 7 and a fabric seam detection device 14.

[0033] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, the described fabric seam detection device 14 includes a first smooth roller 14-01, a pressure roller 14-02, a second smooth roller 14-04, a grating ruler 14-11 and a pressure roller control assembly. The first smooth roller 14-01 is mounted on the frame 1 on both sides. The pressure roller control assembly includes a swing rod cushion plate 14-03, a rotating fixed shaft 14-05, a top block 14-06, a top rod 14-07, a bracket 14-08, a screw rod 14-09, a speed reducer 14-12, a servo motor I 14-13 and a synchronous belt assembly. The pressure roller 14-02 and the top block 14-06 are mounted on the swing rod cushion plate 14-03, the swing rod cushion plate 14-03 is mounted on the rotating fixed shaft 14-05 through a bearing, and the rotating fixed shaft 14-05 is mounted on the frame 1 on both sides; the grating ruler 14-11, the bracket 14-08 and the servo motor I 14-13 are mounted on the speed reducer 14-12, and the speed reducer 14-12 is fixed on the frame 1 through a speed reducer base 14-10; when the fabric 5 passes between the first smooth roller 14-01 and the pressure roller 14-02, the thickness of the fabric 5 is directly measured by the grating ruler 14-11, and the PLC control cabinet controls the servo motor I 14-13 to control the movement of the pressure roller control assembly to adjust the distance between the first smooth roller 14-01 and the pressure roller 14-02. It can also realize automatic knife lifting without contacting the fabric. The fabric seam detection device 14 automatically detects that the thickness of the fabric before shearing is X, and the servo motor I 14-13, the synchronous belt and the grating ruler 14-11 control the distance between the first smooth roller 14-01 and the pressure roller 14-02 to be X+a, where a is a constant, and A<A+a< the seam allowance thickness, so as to realize automatic knife lifting without contacting the fabric.

[0034] The synchronous belt assembly includes a synchronous pulley 14-14, a first synchronous pulley 14-15, a second synchronous pulley 14-16, a third synchronous pulley 14-17, a fourth synchronous pulley 14-18 and a synchronous belt 14-19. The first smooth roller 14-01 is a driving roller to ensure detection accuracy, and the output force of the front guide roller 3 is transmitted to the first smooth roller 14-01 through the first synchronous pulley 14-15, the second synchronous pulley 14-16, the third synchronous pulley 14-17, the fourth synchronous pulley 14-18 and the synchronous belt 14-19.

[0035] As Figures 6 to 9As shown, the blade adjusting component 6 includes a circular blade 6-01, a circular blade support 6-03, a flat blade 6-02, a flat blade holder pull rod 6-12, a flat blade holder 6-04, a flat blade holder support 6-07, a flat blade holder bearing 6-15, and a fixed support rod 6-06. The flat blade 6-02 and the flat blade holder pull rod 6-12 are mounted on the flat blade holder 6-04, and the flat blade holder 6-04 is mounted on the flat blade holder adjusting support assembly 6-09 via the flat blade holder bearing 6-11. The fabric seam detection device 14 automatically detects the thickness of the fabric 5 before shearing, and the distance between the flat blade 6-02 in the circular blade component 6 and the replaceable blade support strip 7-01 in the blade support component 7 is adjusted by the PLC control cabinet, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the shearing height according to the fabric thickness. The circular cutter support 6-03 is equipped with a circular cutter adjusting screw 6-05 and a flat cutter front adjusting screw 6-10, and the flat cutter holder support 6-07 is equipped with a flat cutter rear adjusting screw 6-08. Each adjusting screw has a fine-tuning function.

[0036] The flat tool holder adjustment support assembly 6-09 includes a servo motor II 6-09-1, a coupling 6-09-2, a ball screw module 6-09-3, an upper guide rail slider 6-09-4, a tool holder seat 6-09-5, a cross needle roller guide rail 6-09-6, a lower guide rail slider 6-09-7, and a tool adjustment grating ruler 6-09-8. The coupling 6-09-2 connects the servo motor II 6-09-1 and the ball screw module 6-09-3. The ball screw module 6-09-3 is mounted on the upper guide rail slider 6-09-4. The cross needle roller guide rail 6-09-6 includes two sets: one set is mounted horizontally on the upper guide rail slider 6-09-4, and the other set is mounted vertically on the lower guide rail slider 6-09-7. Through leverage and force, the stability and reliability of the entire mechanism are ensured. The lower guide rail slider 6-09-7 and the tool adjusting grating ruler 6-09-8 are both mounted on the tool holder 6-09-5, which is fixed to the frame 1.

[0037] The flat blade holder 6-04 is electrically adjustable for front and rear movement, ensuring the shearing point (blade tip) is absolutely horizontal during operation. Precise adjustment and zero-point calibration are achieved via servo motor II 6-09-1 and two blade adjustment gratings 6-09-8. Zero-point calibration means the distance between the flat blade 6-02 and the replaceable blade support 7-01 is 0 (the reference). When the thickness of fabric 5 is known, a parameter is input into the PLC control cabinet based on the thickness of the finished fabric. For example, if the current fabric thickness is 6mm and the finished fabric thickness is 3mm, this 3mm difference represents the distance between the flat blade 6-02 and the replaceable blade support 7-01.

[0038] like Figures 10 to 12As shown, the knife-holding component 7 adopts a swing-type knife-holding method. The knife-holding component 7 is respectively installed on the two side frames 1 via the knife-holding rotating seat 7-04. The replaceable knife-holding strip 7-01 and the knife-holding seat 7-02 are installed on the knife-holding frame 7-03. The knife-holding frame 7-03 and the cylinder plate 7-11 are installed on the rotating block 7-05. The rotating block 7-05 is installed on the knife-holding rotating seat 7-04 via the bearing 7-12. The knife-holding rotating seat 7-04 and the limiting block 7-07 are rotated by the cylinder 7-08, ensuring that the length of the fabric 5 is consistent before and after the replaceable knife-holding strip 7-01 swings.

[0039] The expanding roller component 2 includes an expanding roller 12-03, an expanding smooth roller 12-02, a synchronous belt I 12-04, and a synchronous pulley I 12-05. The expanding roller 12-03 and the expanding smooth roller 12-02 are mounted on a bracket 12-08 via bearings 12-06. The bracket 12-08 is mounted on a knife holder 7-03. The transmission output shaft 12-01 of the expanding roller 12-03 and the center of the knife holder rotating seat 7-04 are on the same axis. When the knife holder component 7 is oscillating, the length of the transmission synchronous belt I 12-04 of the expanding roller 12-03 will not change, and the length of the fabric 5 will remain consistent when the replaceable knife holder 7-01 is opened and closed (e.g., ...). Figure 12 (As shown).

[0040] In actual use, fabric 5 enters the fabric seam detection device 14 to ensure stability during movement. The front guide roller 3 maintains tension. The thickness of fabric 5 is directly measured by the grating ruler 14-11. Then, the servo motor II 6-09-1 in the flat knife holder adjustment support assembly 6-09 drives the upper guide rail slider 6-09-4, along with the flat knife holder support 6-07, its flat knife holder 6-04, and the flat knife 6-02, to move synchronously closer to or further away from the replaceable knife support strip 7-01. Finally, the circular knife component 6 and the knife support component 7 remove the dust from the fabric shearing process through the dust suction component 4.

Claims

1. A mechanism capable of automatically adjusting the shearing distance, comprising a frame (1), a front guide roller (3), and a PLC control cabinet, characterized in that: It also includes a widening roller assembly (2), a knife adjusting assembly (6), a knife supporting assembly (7), and a fabric seam detection device (14). The fabric seam detection device (14) includes a light roller (14-01), a pressure roller (14-02), a grating ruler (14-11), and a pressure roller control assembly. The pressure roller control assembly includes a swing arm pad (14-03), a rotating fixed shaft (14-05), a top block (14-06), a top rod (14-07), a bracket (14-08), a screw (14-09), a reducer (14-12), a servo motor I (14-13), and a synchronous belt assembly. The pressure roller (14-02) and the top block (14-06) are mounted on the swing arm pad (14-03), and the swing arm pad (14-03) is mounted on the rotating fixed shaft (14-05) via bearings. The rotating fixed shaft (14-05) is installed on the two side frames (1); the grating ruler (14-11), bracket (14-08) and servo motor I (14-13) are installed on the reducer (14-12), and the reducer (14-12) is fixed on the frame (1) by the reducer seat (14-10); when the fabric (5) passes between the light roller I (14-01) and the pressure roller (14-02), the thickness of the fabric (5) is measured by the grating ruler (14-11), and the servo motor I (14-13) is controlled by the PLC control cabinet to control the movement of the pressure roller control component to adjust the distance between the light roller I (14-01) and the pressure roller (14-02); The blade adjustment component (6) includes a circular blade (6-01), a circular blade support (6-03), a flat blade (6-02), a flat blade holder pull rod (6-12), a flat blade holder (6-04), a flat blade holder support (6-07), and a flat blade holder bearing (6-15). The flat blade (6-02) and the flat blade holder pull rod (6-12) are mounted on the flat blade holder (6-04), and the flat blade holder (6-04) is mounted on the flat blade holder adjustment support assembly (6-09) via the flat blade holder bearing (6-11). The thickness of the fabric (5) before shearing is automatically detected by the fabric seam detection device (14), and the distance between the flat blade (6-02) in the circular blade component (6) and the replaceable blade support strip (7-01) in the blade support component (7) is adjusted by the PLC control cabinet, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the shearing height according to the fabric thickness.

2. The mechanism for automatically adjusting the shearing distance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flat tool holder adjustment support assembly (6-09) includes a servo motor II (6-09-1), a coupling (6-09-2), a ball screw module (6-09-3), an upper guide rail slider (6-09-4), a tool holder seat (6-09-5), a cross needle roller guide rail (6-09-6), a lower guide rail slider (6-09-7), and a tool adjustment grating ruler (6-09-8). The coupling (6-09-2) connects the servo motor II (6-09-1) and the ball screw module (6-09-8). 3) The ball screw module (6-09-3) is installed on the upper guide rail slider (6-09-4). The cross needle roller guide (6-09-6) includes two sets. One set is installed on the upper guide rail slider (6-09-4) from left to right, and the other set is installed on the lower guide rail slider (6-09-7) from top to bottom. The lower guide rail slider (6-09-7) and the tool adjusting grating ruler (6-09-8) are both installed on the tool holder (6-09-5). The tool holder (6-09-5) is fixed on the frame (1).

3. The mechanism for automatically adjusting the shearing distance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The knife-holding component (7) adopts a swing-type knife-holding method. The knife-holding component (7) is installed on the two side frames (1) respectively through the knife-holding rotating seat (7-04). The replaceable knife-holding strip (7-01) and the knife-holding seat (7-02) are installed on the knife-holding frame (7-03). The knife-holding frame (7-03) and the cylinder plate (7-11) are installed on the rotating block (7-05). The rotating block (7-05) is installed on the knife-holding rotating seat (7-04) through the bearing (7-12). The knife-holding rotating seat (7-04) is rotated by the cylinder (7-08) to ensure that the length of the fabric (5) is consistent before and after the replaceable knife-holding strip (7-01) swings.

4. The mechanism for automatically adjusting the shearing distance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion roller component (2) includes an expansion roller (12-03), an expansion light roller (12-02), a synchronous belt I (12-04), and a synchronous pulley I (12-05). The expansion roller (12-03) and the expansion light roller (12-02) are mounted on a bracket (12-08) via a bearing (12-06). The bracket (12-08) is mounted on a knife holder (7-03).

5. The mechanism for automatically adjusting the shearing distance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission output shaft (12-01) of the expansion roller (12-03) and the center of the knife rotating seat (7-04) are on the same axis, so that the length of the synchronous belt (12-04) will not change.

6. The mechanism for automatically adjusting the shearing distance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous belt assembly includes synchronous pulleys (14-14), synchronous pulley one (14-15), synchronous pulley two (14-16), synchronous pulley three (14-17), synchronous pulley four (14-18), and synchronous belt (14-19).

7. The mechanism for automatically adjusting the shearing distance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The circular cutter support (6-03) is provided with a circular cutter adjusting screw (6-05) and a flat cutter front adjusting screw (6-10), and the flat cutter holder support (6-07) is provided with a flat cutter rear adjusting screw (6-08).

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