Rocky slope geological disaster prevention device

Abstract

The application provides a rock slope geological disaster prevention device, relates to the technical field of slope support, solves the problem that anchor cable prestress long-term loss cannot be automatically compensated and a plurality of anchor cables are unevenly stressed. The rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided by the application comprises a mounting pad, an anchor cable assembly, a movable supporting plate, an extension assembly and a force measuring unit. The mounting pad is installed at the port of a foundation pit, the movable supporting plate is arranged on the side of the mounting pad away from the foundation pit in a liftable manner, the extension assembly is connected between the movable supporting plate and the mounting pad, the extension assembly can drive the movable supporting plate to move towards the direction of approaching or moving away from the mounting pad, the force measuring unit is installed on the movable supporting plate, the force measuring unit comprises a detection assembly and a force transmission assembly, one end of the force transmission assembly is connected with the anchor cable assembly, the other end of the force transmission assembly is in contact with the detection assembly, and the force transmission assembly is arranged on the movable supporting plate. The extension assembly comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly is signal-connected with the detection assembly, and is used for driving the movable supporting plate to move.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope protection technology, and in particular to a device for preventing geological disasters on rock slopes. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geological disaster prevention and control on rock slopes, prestressed anchor cable support is a commonly used active reinforcement method. Traditional anchor cable devices typically use anchor plates and anchorages to tension and lock the anchor cable in a single operation.

[0003] However, during the long-term service of the slope, due to factors such as rock creep, anchor cable relaxation, temperature changes, and groundwater pressure fluctuations, the prestress in the anchor cables will suffer irreversible loss. When the prestress loss exceeds a certain limit, the support effect will decrease significantly, and it may even lead to slope instability.

[0004] Especially in water-conserving coal mining areas, the drop in groundwater level caused by underground mining will exacerbate the creep of slope rock mass and softening of structural surfaces, accelerate the loss of prestress, and at the same time, slope deformation and damage will lead to the leakage of water-bearing strata through fissures, directly destroying the hydrogeological conditions for water-conserving mining.

[0005] Existing devices lack the capability for long-term, real-time monitoring of anchor cable tension, and are unable to proactively and precisely re-tension or adjust the tension of anchor cables after detecting abnormal tension. Furthermore, the traditional single-tensioning method struggles to address the issue of uneven stress distribution among multiple anchor cables, further reducing the reliability of the support.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a geological disaster prevention and control device for rock slopes, so as to solve the problems existing in the current technology to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes, which can solve, to a certain extent, the problem that the long-term loss of anchor cable prestress cannot be automatically compensated and the uneven stress of multiple anchor cables.

[0008] This invention provides a geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes, comprising an installation pad, an anchor cable assembly, a movable support plate, a telescopic assembly, and a force measuring unit. The installation pad is installed at the port of a foundation pit, and the movable support plate is vertically and elliptably positioned on the side of the installation pad facing away from the foundation pit. The telescopic assembly connects the movable support plate and the installation pad, and is capable of driving the movable support plate to move in a direction closer to or further away from the installation pad. The force measuring unit is installed on the movable support plate and includes a detection component and a force transmission component. The force transmission component is disposed on the movable support plate, with one end connected to the anchor cable assembly and the other end in contact with the detection component. The telescopic assembly includes a drive component, which is signal-connected to the detection component and used to drive the movable support plate to move.

[0009] The force measuring unit further includes a support base, which is fixedly installed in the middle of the movable support plate; the detection component includes a pressure sensor, which is installed on the periphery of the support base; the force transmission component includes a support arm, the two ends of which cooperate with the support base and the pressure sensor respectively, and the anchor cable assembly is connected to the support arm.

[0010] Specifically, the force transmission component further includes a fixing component, which includes a sleeve, a clamping member, and a spherical seat. The sleeve is fitted onto the anchor cable assembly, and the clamping member is fitted onto the outside of the anchor cable assembly, with the outer surface of the clamping member and the inner surface of the sleeve forming a conical fit. The bottom end of the clamping member is a spherical surface, and the top surface of the spherical seat is a concave spherical surface, with the spherical surface installed within the concave spherical surface of the spherical seat. A through hole is formed on the support arm, and the spherical seat is provided corresponding to the through hole. A rod portion is provided on each side of the spherical seat, and a groove is opened at the port of the through hole. The rod portion is placed in the groove, allowing the spherical seat to rotate relative to the support arm around the rod portion.

[0011] The anchor cable assembly includes an anchor cable body, an anchor head, and a claw body. The anchor head is installed at the bottom end of the anchor cable body, and a deep groove is formed on the peripheral side of the anchor head, corresponding to the anchor cable body. The claw body is slidably installed in the deep groove, with the bottom end of the anchor cable body located within the deep groove. A limiting block is formed at the bottom end of the anchor cable body, protruding from the anchor cable body. A pin is installed at the bottom end of the claw body, slidingly engaging with the side wall of the deep groove. The limiting block is located below the claw body. When the anchor cable body is pulled outward, the limiting block pushes upward against the bottom end of the claw body, causing the upper end of the claw body to deflect outward and extend out of the deep groove.

[0012] The telescopic assembly further includes a threaded sleeve and a threaded rod; the threaded sleeve is disposed on the mounting pad, and the threaded rod is fixedly disposed on the bottom of the movable support plate, and the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve are correspondingly fitted together; the drive assembly is used to drive the threaded sleeve to rotate, so that the threaded rod drives the movable support plate to rise and fall relative to the mounting pad.

[0013] Specifically, the mounting plate includes a plate body and a cylinder. The cylinder is located in the middle of the plate body. The plate body also has multiple protrusions, which are distributed around the axial direction of the cylinder. The threaded sleeve is rotatably connected to the protrusions. A toothed ring is fitted on the cylinder. The outer wall of the threaded sleeve is provided with meshing teeth. The toothed ring meshes with the meshing teeth. The output end of the drive assembly meshes with the toothed ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the movable support plate has mounting holes, and the pressure sensor is installed in the mounting holes; the support base has a snap-fit ​​part, and the two ends of the support arm are respectively provided with a first pin and a second pin, the first pin being rotatably connected to the snap-fit ​​part; the detection assembly also includes a bracket, the pressure sensor being integrated with the bracket, and the second pin being connected to the bracket; the movable support plate also has a waist-shaped hole, the anchor cable assembly is disposed through the waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is arranged along the radial direction of the movable support plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the through hole is located in the middle of the support arm, and the distance between the through hole and the end of the support arm near the support seat is less than the distance between the end of the support arm connected to the support seat.

[0016] The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes provided in this application also includes a cover, which is sleeved on the outside of the movable support plate and fixed on the mounting pad; a sealing gasket is provided between the cover and the mounting pad; the cover has a wire harness hole and a drainage hole, the wire harness hole is used for the wire harness to pass through, and the drainage hole is located at the bottom of the cover.

[0017] Specifically, the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in this application also includes a retainer and a tube. The retainer is located in the foundation pit and installed on the anchor cable body. The tube passes through the support seat and the movable support plate, and the end of the tube is connected to the retainer.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided by this invention has the following advantages: The rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided by the present invention includes an installation pad, an anchor cable assembly, a movable support plate, a telescopic assembly, and a force measuring unit. The installation pad is installed at the port of the foundation pit, and the movable support plate is vertically and elliptably disposed on the side of the installation pad away from the foundation pit. The telescopic assembly is connected between the movable support plate and the installation pad, and the telescopic assembly can drive the movable support plate to translate in a direction approaching or away from the installation pad. The force measuring unit is installed on the movable support plate, and the force measuring unit includes a detection component and a force transmission component. The force transmission component is disposed on the movable support plate, one end of the force transmission component is connected to the anchor cable assembly, and the other end is in contact with the detection component. The telescopic assembly includes a drive component, and the drive component is signal-connected to the detection component for driving the movable support plate to move.

[0019] This analysis shows that by fixing the mounting plate to the end of the pit, it can serve as the supporting foundation for the entire device. The movable support plate is vertically mounted on the side of the mounting plate away from the pit, i.e., on the upper side of the mounting plate, thus facilitating operation and maintenance.

[0020] The telescopic component is connected between the movable pallet and the mounting plate, and can drive the movable pallet to translate in a direction that approaches or moves away from the mounting plate. Translation means that the movable pallet maintains its own posture and does not tilt during the movement.

[0021] The force measuring unit is mounted on the movable support plate and includes a detection component and a force transmission component. The force transmission component is located on the movable support plate, with one end connected to the anchor cable assembly and the other end in contact with the detection component. The telescopic assembly contains a drive component, which is signal-connected to the detection component and can be wired or wireless, such as a cable connection or a wireless transmission module connection, to drive the movable support plate to move according to the detection value of the detection component.

[0022] In practical applications, the drive component can be a motor and reducer assembly, or a hydraulic motor combined with a hydraulic pump station to provide driving force. The detection component can be a resistance strain gauge pressure sensor, a fiber optic grating pressure sensor, etc.

[0023] Currently, anchor cable prestress cannot be automatically compensated for long-term losses, and multiple anchor cables experience uneven stress. Therefore, a detection component monitors the anchor cable tension in real time. When the tension falls below a preset threshold, the drive component automatically activates, causing the movable support plate to rise and fall via a telescopic component. This alters the anchor cable tension, re-tensioning the anchor cables and achieving automatic prestress compensation. Because the movable support plate moves synchronously, all anchor cables are adjusted simultaneously, avoiding the imbalance caused by tensioning a single cable.

[0024] Meanwhile, through real-time monitoring and active secondary tensioning mechanisms, the prestress attenuation caused by fluctuations in groundwater levels and increased rock creep in coal mining areas can be effectively offset, ensuring that the anchoring force is always maintained above the safe threshold required for water-conserving coal mining. Thus, while ensuring slope stability, the integrity of the overlying aquifer structure is maintained to the maximum extent, providing reliable support technology for achieving the goal of water-conserving coal mining. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a first side view of the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle AA section; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point D; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the movable support plate installation structure in the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial installation structure of the movable support plate in the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a second side view of the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB section; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the support arm in the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mounting pad and movable support plate in the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the mounting plate and movable support plate in the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle CC section; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Mounting pad; 101-Pad body; 102-Cylinder; 103-Protruding post; 104-Threaded sleeve; 105-Gear ring; 2-Movable support plate; 201-Mounting hole; 202-Oval hole; 3-Threaded rod; 4-Support seat; 401-Snap-fit ​​part; 5-Pressure sensor; 501-Support; 6-Drive assembly; 7-Support arm; 701-Through hole; 702-Groove; 8-Anchor cable body; 801-Limiting block; 9-Spherical seat; 901-Rod body; 10-Sleeve; 11-Clamping component; 12-Anchor head; 1201-Deep groove; 13-Claw body; 14-Retainer; 15-Pipe body; 16-Cover body; 1601-Wire harness hole; 1602-Drain hole; 17-Foundation pit. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the relevant items listed and any combination of any two or more items.

[0033] For ease of description, spatial relation terms such as “above,” “upper,” “below,” and “lower” may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another as shown in the accompanying drawings. Such spatial relation terms are intended to include not only the orientation depicted in the drawings but also the different orientations of the device during use or operation.

[0034] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” enumerate the stated features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] Variations in the shapes shown in the accompanying drawings may occur due to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the accompanying drawings, but include changes in shape that may occur during manufacturing.

[0036] The features of the examples described herein can be combined in various ways that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. Furthermore, although the examples described herein have various constructions, other constructions are possible, as will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis that they can be implemented by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0037] like Figures 1-14 As shown, the present invention provides a geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes, including an installation pad 1, an anchor cable assembly, a movable support plate 2, a telescopic assembly, and a force measuring unit. The installation pad 1 is installed at the port of the foundation pit 17, and the movable support plate 2 is vertically and elliptably positioned on the side of the installation pad 1 away from the foundation pit 17. The telescopic assembly is connected between the movable support plate 2 and the installation pad 1, and the telescopic assembly can drive the movable support plate 2 to move in a direction closer to or away from the installation pad 1. The force measuring unit is installed on the movable support plate 2 and includes a detection component and a force transmission component. The force transmission component is located on the movable support plate 2, with one end connected to the anchor cable assembly and the other end in contact with the detection component. The telescopic assembly includes a drive component 6, which is signal-connected to the detection component and used to drive the movable support plate 2 to move.

[0038] Compared with existing technologies, the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided by this invention has the following advantages: The rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided by the present invention uses a mounting plate 1 fixed to the port of the foundation pit 17, which can serve as the supporting foundation for the entire device. The movable support plate 2 is detachably mounted on the side of the mounting plate 1 away from the foundation pit 17, that is, on the upper side of the mounting plate 1, thereby facilitating operation and maintenance.

[0039] The telescopic component is connected between the movable pallet 2 and the mounting pad 1, and can drive the movable pallet 2 to translate in a direction that approaches or moves away from the mounting pad 1. Translation means that the movable pallet 2 maintains its own posture and does not tilt during the movement.

[0040] The force measuring unit is mounted on the movable support plate 2 and includes a detection component and a force transmission component. The force transmission component is located on the movable support plate 2, with one end connected to the anchor cable assembly and the other end in contact with the detection component. The telescopic assembly contains a drive component 6, which is signal-connected to the detection component and can be a wired or wireless signal, such as a cable connection or a wireless transmission module connection, used to drive the movable support plate 2 to move according to the detection value of the detection component.

[0041] In practical applications, the drive component 6 can be a motor and reducer assembly, or a hydraulic motor combined with a hydraulic pump station to provide driving force. The detection component can be a resistance strain gauge pressure sensor 5, a fiber optic grating pressure sensor 5, etc.

[0042] Because the prestress in anchor cables cannot be automatically compensated for after long-term loss, and the stress on multiple anchor cables is uneven, a detection component monitors the anchor cable tension in real time. When the tension falls below a preset threshold, the drive component 6 automatically activates, causing the movable support plate 2 to rise and fall via the telescopic component. This changes the amount of tension in the anchor cable, re-tensioning it and achieving automatic prestress compensation. Since the movable support plate 2 moves synchronously, all anchor cables are adjusted simultaneously, avoiding the imbalance caused by tensioning a single cable.

[0043] Among them, such as Figures 1-14 As shown, the force measuring unit also includes a support 4, which is fixedly installed in the middle of the movable support plate 2; the detection component includes a pressure sensor 5, which is installed on the periphery of the support 4; the force transmission component includes a support arm 7, the two ends of which are respectively engaged with the support 4 and the pressure sensor 5, and the anchor cable assembly is connected to the support arm 7.

[0044] In this application, the support 4 serves as an intermediate support, providing a fulcrum for the support arm 7. The pressure sensor 5, as a force-measuring element, converts the anchor cable tension into a pressure signal through the lever action of the support arm 7.

[0045] The support arm 7 is a key component for force transmission. Its two ends are respectively connected to the support seat 4 and the pressure sensor 5, and are hinged by a pin. The middle part bears the tension of the anchor cable. The force measuring unit provided in this application can solve the problems of inaccurate force measurement and stress concentration caused by borehole deviation.

[0046] By setting the two ends of the support arm 7 to be movable and engaging, the support arm 7 is allowed to swing within a certain angle, thereby adapting to the slight deviation of the anchor cable and avoiding the additional bending moment acting directly on the pressure sensor 5.

[0047] When the anchor cable is under tension, the tension is transmitted to the middle of the support arm 7 through the fixing component. One end of the support arm 7 rotates around the support seat 4, and the other end presses against the pressure sensor 5, which outputs an electrical signal. If the anchor cable has an angular deviation, the support arm 7 can swing adaptively so that the pressure sensor 5 always bears the normal force.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figures 1-14As shown, the force transmission assembly also includes a fixing assembly, which includes a sleeve 10, a clamping member 11, and a spherical seat 9. The sleeve 10 is fitted onto the anchor cable assembly, and the clamping member 11 is fitted onto the outside of the anchor cable assembly. The outer surface of the clamping member 11 and the inner surface of the sleeve 10 form a conical surface fit. The bottom end of the clamping member 11 is a spherical surface, and the top surface of the spherical seat 9 is a concave spherical surface. The spherical surface is installed in the concave spherical surface of the spherical seat 9. A through hole 701 is formed on the support arm 7. The spherical seat 9 is provided corresponding to the through hole 701, and rod parts 901 are respectively provided on both sides of the spherical seat 9. A groove 702 is opened at the port of the through hole 701. The rod parts 901 are placed in the groove 702, so that the spherical seat 9 can rotate relative to the support arm 7 around the rod.

[0049] In actual engineering, the clamping component 11 is usually two symmetrical wedges, whose outer conical surface matches the inner conical surface of the sleeve 10. When the anchor cable is under tension, the wedges are further wedged to form a self-locking mechanism to prevent the anchor cable from slipping.

[0050] The spherical seat 9 engages with the spherical surface at the bottom of the wedge to form a ball joint structure, allowing the anchor cable to swing at a small angle in any direction. Simultaneously, the rod sections 901 on both sides of the spherical seat 9 are engaged in the grooves 702 at the ports of the through holes 701 of the support arm 7, ensuring that the spherical seat 9 can only rotate around the axis of the rod and cannot translate. This solves the problem of eccentric load caused by the anchor cable's misalignment, limiting the lateral force caused by the misalignment to the range of rotation of the ball joint and the rod, preventing it from being transmitted to the support arm 7 and the pressure sensor 5.

[0051] When the anchor cable deviates at an angle due to drilling deviation or bending under force, the spherical pair between the wedge and the spherical seat 9 allows the wedge and the anchor cable to swing relative to the spherical seat 9. At the same time, the spherical seat 9 can rotate around the rod body relative to the support arm 7. These two degrees of freedom together absorb the deviance and ensure that the axial force component of the anchor cable acts perpendicularly on the support arm 7.

[0052] Among them, such as Figures 1-14 As shown, the anchor cable assembly includes an anchor cable body 8, an anchor head 12, and a claw body 13. The anchor head 12 is installed at the bottom end of the anchor cable body 8, and a deep groove 1201 is formed on the peripheral side of the anchor head 12, which is correspondingly arranged with the anchor cable body 8. The claw body 13 is slidably installed in the deep groove 1201, and the bottom end of the anchor cable body 8 is located in the deep groove 1201. A limiting block 801 is formed at the bottom end of the anchor cable body 8, and the limiting block 801 protrudes from the anchor cable body 8. A pin is installed at the bottom end of the claw body 13, and the pin slides in cooperation with the side wall of the deep groove 1201. The limiting block 801 is located below the claw body 13. When the anchor cable body 8 is pulled outward, the limiting block 801 pushes the bottom end of the claw body 13 upward, causing the upper end of the claw body 13 to deflect outward and extend out of the deep groove 1201.

[0053] By further designing the deep groove 1201 and the claw body 13 fitted within it, the technical problems of low anchoring force and easy pull-out failure in fractured rock masses can be solved. In the untensioned state, the claw body 13 is completely retracted within the deep groove 1201, facilitating the lowering of the anchor cable assembly into the borehole.

[0054] During tensioning, the anchor cable body 8 is pulled toward the pit 17 port, and the limiting block 801 at the bottom of the anchor cable moves upward accordingly. Since the limiting block 801 is located below the bottom of the claw body 13, when the limiting block 801 moves upward, it will abut against the bottom of the claw body 13 and push it upward.

[0055] The pin at the bottom of the claw body 13 slides within the waist-shaped groove on the sidewall of the deep trench 1201, causing the upper end of the claw body 13 to deflect outwards and gradually extend out of the deep trench 1201. As the tension increases, the tip of the claw body 13 penetrates or gets stuck in the rock mass of the sidewall of the pit 17, forming a mechanical self-locking anchor. This anchoring force is generated in the early stage of tensioning and complements the bonding force formed by subsequent grouting, significantly improving the pull-out resistance.

[0056] The anchor cable assembly provided in this application requires no additional operation and is triggered synchronously by the tensioning action. Furthermore, the greater the tensioning action, the closer the anchoring, thereby improving the stability performance of the overall device on the slope to a certain extent.

[0057] Among them, such as Figures 1-14 As shown, the telescopic assembly also includes a threaded sleeve 104 and a threaded rod 3; the threaded sleeve 104 is disposed on the mounting pad 1, and the threaded rod 3 is fixedly disposed on the bottom of the movable support plate 2, and the threaded rod 3 and the threaded sleeve 104 are correspondingly fitted together; the drive assembly 6 is used to drive the threaded sleeve 104 to rotate, so that the threaded rod 3 drives the movable support plate 2 to rise and fall relative to the mounting pad 1.

[0058] The threaded sleeve 104 and threaded rod 3 structure provided in this application are actually a screw drive mechanism. The threaded sleeve 104 is equivalent to a nut, and the threaded rod 3 is equivalent to a screw. When the drive assembly 6 drives the threaded sleeve 104 to rotate, since the threaded rod 3 is fixedly connected to the movable support plate 2 and the movable support plate 2 is constrained and cannot rotate, the threaded rod 3 will move axially, thereby driving the movable support plate 2 to rise and fall.

[0059] The structure provided in this application allows for the solution of the problem of synchronous tensioning and adjustment of multiple anchor cables using a simple control logic. In practical applications, the number of threaded sleeves 104 and threaded rods 3 is the same as the number of anchor cables, such as four or six sets. All threaded sleeves 104 rotate synchronously to ensure the translation of the movable support plate 2 and prevent tilting.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figures 1-14As shown, the mounting plate 1 includes a plate body 101 and a cylinder 102. The cylinder 102 is located in the middle of the plate body 101. A plurality of protrusions 103 are formed on the plate body 101, and the plurality of protrusions 103 are distributed around the axial direction of the cylinder 102. A threaded sleeve 104 is rotatably connected to the protrusions 103. A toothed ring 105 is fitted on the cylinder 102. The outer wall surface of the threaded sleeve 104 is provided with meshing teeth. The toothed ring 105 meshes with the meshing teeth. The output end of the drive assembly 6 meshes with the toothed ring 105.

[0061] The number of threaded sleeves 104 in this application is four, and the corresponding number of protrusions 103 and threaded rods 3 is also corresponding. Of course, the number of threaded sleeves 104, protrusions 103 and threaded rods 3 can be increased or decreased according to needs, such as six or eight. The number of these structures is actually defined according to the number of anchor cable bodies 8, that is, one anchor cable is equipped with one threaded rod 3, one threaded sleeve 104 and one protrusion 103.

[0062] This application achieves synchronous rotation of all threaded sleeves 104 by fitting a toothed ring 105 on the cylinder 102 and forming meshing teeth on the outside of the threaded sleeves 104 through the meshing of the meshing teeth with the toothed ring 105.

[0063] The drive assembly 6 drives the toothed ring 105 to rotate. The toothed ring 105 simultaneously meshes with the external teeth of all the threaded sleeves 104. Therefore, each threaded sleeve 104 obtains the same rotation speed and direction, thereby driving all the threaded rods 3 to rise and fall synchronously. This ensures the levelness of the movable pallet 2 during the movement and avoids the problem of uneven force on the pressure sensor 5 caused by the movable pallet 2 tilting easily when it rises and falls.

[0064] Accordingly, the cylinder 102 in this application also serves as a channel for a drain pipe or a grouting pipe. In practical applications, the meshing of the toothed ring 105 and the threaded sleeve 104 can be in the form of a spur gear. A small gear is installed at the output end of the drive assembly 6 to mesh with the toothed ring 105 to achieve speed reduction and torque increase.

[0065] The drive component 6 can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. Taking an electric motor as an example, a solar panel can be further configured next to the device provided in this application to meet the power supply requirements of the motor.

[0066] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-14As shown, the movable support plate 2 has a mounting hole 201, and the pressure sensor 5 is installed in the mounting hole 201; the support base 4 is provided with a snap-fit ​​part 401, and the two ends of the support arm 7 are respectively provided with a first pin and a second pin, and the first pin is rotatably connected to the snap-fit ​​part 401; the detection assembly also includes a support base 501, the pressure sensor 5 is integrated with the support base 501, and the second pin is connected to the support base 501; the movable support plate 2 is also provided with a waist-shaped hole 202, the anchor cable assembly is set through the waist-shaped hole 202, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole 202 is set along the radial direction of the movable support plate 2.

[0067] Through the rotatable connection between the first pin and the locking part 401, the support arm 7 can swing around the support seat 4 to adapt to the deflection of the anchor cable. The connection between the second pin and the support seat 501 allows the other end of the support arm 7 to move with the slight deformation of the pressure sensor 5 without generating additional bending moment.

[0068] The slotted hole 202 provides radial adjustment margin for the anchor cable body 8, meaning the anchor cable can move along the length of the slotted hole 202 to further accommodate drilling position deviations. Therefore, this application solves the problem of adaptability to anchor cable position and angle deviations by designing a first pin rotatably connected to the locking part 401 and a second pin rotatably connected to the support 501. At the same time, the slotted hole 202 formed on the movable support plate 2 solves the problem of adaptability to anchor cable position and angle deviations, ensuring force measurement accuracy.

[0069] After the anchor cable body 8 passes through the waist-shaped hole 202, the tension is applied to the middle of the support arm 7 through the fixing component. The support arm 7 swings around the first pin, and the second pin presses against the support 501 and the pressure sensor 5. The pressure sensor 5 outputs an electrical signal proportional to the tension to achieve pressure feedback. Based on the range of the pressure signal, it is determined whether the tension of the anchor cable body 8 needs to be adjusted. When adjustment is required, the drive component 6 is activated, which drives the movable support plate 2 to rise, thereby increasing the tension of the anchor cable body 8 and ensuring the stability of the slope reinforcement.

[0070] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-14 As shown, the through hole 701 is located in the middle of the support arm 7, and the distance between the through hole 701 and the end of the support arm 7 near the support seat 4 is less than the distance between the end of the support arm 7 connected to the support seat 501.

[0071] In this application, the through hole 701 is a circular hole located in the middle of the support arm 7. The distance between the through hole 701 and the end of the support arm 7 near the support seat 4 is less than the distance between the end of the support arm 7 connected to the bracket 501. In other words, the lever arm between the fulcrum of the support seat 4 and the point of action of the anchor cable is shorter, while the lever arm between the point of action of the anchor cable and the point of action of the pressure sensor 5 is longer. According to the lever principle, the force borne by the pressure sensor 5 is amplified, thereby improving the force measurement sensitivity, which is especially suitable for small signal detection scenarios.

[0072] Among them, such as Figures 1-14 As shown, the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in this application also includes a cover 16, which is sleeved on the outside of the movable support plate 2 and fixed on the mounting pad 1; a sealing gasket is provided between the cover 16 and the mounting pad 1; the cover 16 is provided with a wire harness hole 1601 and a drain hole 1602, the wire harness hole 1601 is used for the wire harness to pass through, and the drain hole 1602 is located at the bottom of the cover 16.

[0073] Because the slope environment is rainy and dusty, the cover 16 in this application isolates the internal movable support plate 2, telescopic components, force measuring unit, etc., from the external environment, preventing rainwater, dust, gravel, etc. from entering. Furthermore, the sealing gasket also prevents moisture and dust from entering. Meanwhile, the wiring harness hole 1601 can be fitted with a waterproof connector, and even if a small amount of condensation or rainwater seeps in, it will settle at the bottom and flow out from the drain hole 1602, preventing water accumulation from corroding electronic components.

[0074] The drain hole 1602 in this application is located at the lowest point, which can promptly drain water accumulated due to condensation or leakage, avoid internal corrosion, and thus solve the protection and drainage problems of the device in long-term outdoor environments, extending its service life.

[0075] Specifically, such as Figures 1-14 As shown, the rock slope geological disaster prevention device provided in this application also includes a retainer 14 and a tube 15. The retainer 14 is located in the foundation pit 17 and is installed on the anchor cable body 8. The tube 15 passes through the support seat 4 and the movable support plate 2, and the end of the tube 15 is connected to the retainer 14.

[0076] Multiple retainers 14 in this application can be spaced out along the length of the anchor cable body 8 to maintain the relative position of multiple anchor cable bodies 8 and prevent them from getting tangled or contacting each other in the pit 17. The retainer 14 is usually a ring-shaped metal frame with holes for the anchor cables to pass through.

[0077] The pipe body 15 can be a steel pipe or a plastic pipe, with its lower end opening extending to near the bottom of the pit 17, and its upper end passing through the support seat 4 and the movable support plate 2 before being exposed. The connection between the pipe body 15 and the retainer 14 can be made by thread or clamp.

[0078] Water can be pumped out of the foundation pit 17 through the pipe body 15, or cement grout can be injected into the foundation pit 17 under pressure through the pipe body 15 when secondary grouting is required, to further improve the density and bearing capacity of the anchor body. Therefore, the pipe body 15 in this application can pass through the center of the mounting plate 1 and the movable support plate 2 and protrude from the foundation pit 17, thereby realizing subsequent grouting and pumping operations.

[0079] The present application solves the problems of anchor cable assembly positioning, pit 17 drainage and secondary grouting by setting the retainer 14, thus improving the overall function of the device.

[0080] Meanwhile, by monitoring the anchor cable tension in real time and using an active secondary tensioning mechanism, the prestress attenuation caused by fluctuations in groundwater levels and increased rock creep in coal mining areas can be effectively offset, ensuring that the anchoring force is always maintained above the safe threshold required for water-conserving coal mining. This ensures the stability of the slope while maximizing the integrity of the overlying aquifer structure, providing reliable support technology for achieving the goal of water-conserving coal mining.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing geological disasters on rock slopes, characterized in that, Includes mounting plate, anchor cable assembly, movable support plate, telescopic assembly and force measuring unit; The mounting plate is installed at the port of the foundation pit, and the movable support plate is vertically and flexibly positioned on the side of the mounting plate away from the foundation pit. The telescopic assembly is connected between the movable tray and the mounting pad, and the telescopic assembly can drive the movable tray to translate in a direction closer to or further away from the mounting pad; The force measuring unit is mounted on the movable support plate. The force measuring unit includes a detection component and a force transmission component. The force transmission component is disposed on the movable support plate. One end of the force transmission component is connected to the anchor cable assembly, and the other end is in contact with the detection component. The telescopic component includes a drive component, which is signal-connected to the detection component and is used to drive the movable tray to move.

2. The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force measuring unit also includes a support base, which is fixedly installed in the middle of the movable support plate; The detection component includes a pressure sensor, which is mounted on the periphery of the support. The force transmission component includes a support arm, the two ends of which are respectively engaged with the support seat and the pressure sensor, and the anchor cable assembly is connected to the support arm.

3. The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The force transmission component also includes a fixing component, which includes a sleeve, a clamping member, and a spherical seat. The sleeve is fitted onto the anchor cable assembly, the clamping member is fitted onto the outside of the anchor cable assembly, and the outer side of the clamping member and the inner side of the sleeve form a conical surface fit. The bottom end of the clamping member is a spherical surface, and the top surface of the spherical seat is a concave spherical surface. The spherical surface is installed in the concave spherical surface of the spherical seat. The support arm has a through hole, the spherical seat is provided corresponding to the through hole, and the two sides of the spherical seat are respectively provided with rod body parts. The port of the through hole is provided with a groove, and the rod body parts are placed in the groove, so that the spherical seat can rotate relative to the support arm around the rod body.

4. The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anchor cable assembly includes an anchor cable body, an anchor head, and a claw body; The anchor head is installed at the bottom end of the anchor cable body, and a deep groove is formed on the peripheral side of the anchor head, which is corresponding to the anchor cable body. The claw body is slidably installed in the deep groove, the bottom end of the anchor cable body is located in the deep groove, and a limiting block is formed at the bottom end of the anchor cable body, the limiting block protruding from the anchor cable body; A pin is installed at the bottom end of the claw body. The pin slides in contact with the side wall of the deep groove. The limiting block is located below the claw body. When the anchor cable body is pulled outward, the limiting block pushes the bottom end of the claw body upward, causing the upper end of the claw body to deflect outward and extend out of the deep groove.

5. The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic assembly also includes a threaded sleeve and a threaded rod; The threaded sleeve is disposed on the mounting pad, and the threaded rod is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the movable support plate, with the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve correspondingly fitted and installed. The drive assembly is used to drive the threaded sleeve to rotate, so that the threaded rod drives the movable support plate to rise and fall relative to the mounting pad.

6. The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting pad includes a pad body and a cylinder. The cylinder is located in the middle of the pad body. The pad body also has a plurality of protrusions, which are distributed around the axial direction of the cylinder. The threaded sleeve is rotatably connected to the protruding post. A toothed ring is fitted on the cylinder body. The outer wall surface of the threaded sleeve is provided with meshing teeth. The toothed ring and the meshing teeth mesh with each other. The output end of the drive assembly meshes with the toothed ring.

7. The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable tray has mounting holes, and the pressure sensor is installed in the mounting holes. The support base is provided with a snap-fit ​​part, and the two ends of the support arm are respectively provided with a first pin and a second pin, and the first pin is rotatably connected to the snap-fit ​​part; The detection assembly also includes a support, the pressure sensor is integrated with the support, and the second pin is connected to the support; The movable support plate is also provided with a waist-shaped hole, through which the anchor cable assembly is disposed, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is arranged along the radial direction of the movable support plate.

8. The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes according to claim 7, characterized in that, The through hole is located in the middle of the support arm, and the distance between the through hole and the end of the support arm near the support seat is less than the distance between the end of the support arm connected to the support seat.

9. The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cover, which is fitted over the outside of the movable support plate and fixed to the mounting pad; A sealing gasket is provided between the cover and the mounting plate. The cover has a wire harness hole and a drain hole. The wire harness hole is used for the wire harness to pass through, and the drain hole is located at the bottom of the cover.

10. The geological disaster prevention device for rock slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a retainer and a tube, the retainer being located in the pit and mounted on the anchor cable body, the tube passing through the support and the movable support plate, and the end of the tube being connected to the retainer.

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