A permafrost region oil and gas pipeline disaster self-resetting shock absorption protection structure and monitoring system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of frozen soil area oil and gas pipeline disaster self-resetting shock absorbing protective structures and monitoring systems, including oil and gas pipeline main body, disaster self-adapting corrugated flexible section, stress dispersion type metal reinforcing ring, coupling type gradient honeycomb buffer layer, deformation self-adapting stainless steel binding belt, disaster self-adapting shock absorbing device, monitoring system and solar photovoltaic module.Corrugated flexible section is set between adjacent oil and gas pipeline main body;Stress dispersion type metal reinforcing ring is set to the outside of connecting area, and as the common force link of flexible section, buffer layer and shock absorbing device;Gradient honeycomb buffer layer is continuously coated on the outside of pipeline main body and flexible section, and forms stiffness continuous transition on the two sides of reinforcing ring;Shock absorbing device is followed by reinforcing ring through universal ball bearing layer, and carries out energy dissipation and reset through memory alloy damping spring matched with phase transition temperature of flexible section.The application can form flexible release force, stress dispersion, hierarchical energy absorption, follow-up energy dissipation and synchronous reset collaborative protection path, and is suitable for frost heaving, uneven settlement and seismic action under the safety protection of oil and gas pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of oil and gas pipeline structural protection, vibration reduction and resetting, and online monitoring technology, and in particular to a disaster self-resetting vibration reduction and protection structure and monitoring system for oil and gas pipelines in permafrost areas, settlement areas, and earthquake-affected areas. Background Technology

[0002] Oil and gas pipelines in permafrost regions are subjected to the combined effects of frost heave and thaw settlement, uneven ground settlement, seismic loads, vehicle disturbance, and corrosive media. Traditional pipelines generally rely on rigid connections, fixed supports, and conventional anti-corrosion layers for passive protection. When ground displacement or seismic impact exceeds the design margin, local stress concentrations can easily occur in straight pipe sections, welds, and support connections, leading to buckling, weld cracking, seal failure, or fatigue damage.

[0003] In existing technologies, corrugated compensation structures can absorb axial displacement to a certain extent, but their impact resistance, vibration resistance, and post-disaster recovery capabilities are limited; foamed materials or external insulation protection structures in frozen soil areas can reduce the impact of soil thawing and settlement, but when used alone, they are difficult to solve the stiffness abrupt change and stress concentration at the junction of flexible connection sections and straight pipe sections; self-resetting seismic supports or seismic braces can provide support and energy dissipation for pipelines, but traditional external support structures are usually mainly fixed constraints, which can easily limit the angular deflection and axial expansion and contraction of the flexible section of the pipeline.

[0004] Furthermore, while shape memory alloy components possess restoring capabilities, a lack of matching design with flexible sealing structures, buffer layers, and external follow-up vibration damping components can lead to issues such as uneven local heating, asynchronous restoring, or decreased sealing reliability. Pipeline sections in remote permafrost areas are often in environments without mains power or with weak communication. Traditional monitoring systems, relying on periodic inspections, external power supplies, or single sensors, struggle to acquire long-term, real-time data on the coupling state of deformation, corrosion, and vibration.

[0005] Therefore, simply configuring flexible compensation components, buffer materials, vibration damping supports, corrosion monitoring, and power supply modules in parallel is insufficient to form a stable disaster response path. There is an urgent need for a collaborative protection structure centered on the pipeline connection area, capable of simultaneously achieving flexible stress release, stress dispersion in the connection area, graded energy absorption of external impacts, external vibration damping, and post-disaster recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure and monitoring system for oil and gas pipelines in permafrost areas, in order to solve the problems of insufficient reset capacity of flexible connection sections, stress concentration in connection areas, external shock absorption structure restricting the deformation of flexible sections, incoordination between buffer layer and pipeline deformation, and unstable power supply for monitoring in existing oil and gas pipelines under frost heave and thaw settlement, uneven settlement and seismic action.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a disaster-adaptive self-resetting vibration damping and protection structure for oil and gas pipelines in permafrost regions, comprising an oil and gas pipeline body, a disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section, a stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring, a coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer, a deformation-adaptive stainless steel binding strap, and a disaster-adaptive vibration damping device. The disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section is disposed between adjacent oil and gas pipeline bodies and is sealed to the oil and gas pipeline bodies; the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring is disposed on the outside of the connection area and serves as a common load-bearing connection component for the flexible section, buffer layer, and vibration damping device.

[0008] A coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer continuously covers the outside of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section, forming a continuous stiffness transition zone on both sides of the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring. Deformation-adaptive stainless steel binding straps are installed at least in the corresponding area of ​​the reinforcing ring and at both ends of the flexible section, making it less prone to relative slippage, delamination, or warping of the buffer layer when the flexible section expands, contracts, or deflects, thereby preventing the buffer structure from losing its energy absorption function under catastrophic conditions.

[0009] The catastrophic adaptive damping device is a split external ring structure fitted outside the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring, comprising a universal ball bearing layer and a shape memory alloy damping spring. The universal ball bearing layer is positioned between the damping device and the reinforcing ring, enabling the external damping device to dynamically adjust to the axial expansion and contraction and angular deflection of the flexible section. The phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy damping spring matches the phase transition temperature of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section, allowing the damping device to assist the flexible section in restoring its position after energy dissipation.

[0010] This invention may also include a deformation-corrosion-vibration monitoring system and a solar photovoltaic module. The monitoring system is used to collect data on the stress state, internal corrosion state, and vibration damping response state of the flexible section, and triggers alarms or cut-off actions based on coupling risks; the solar photovoltaic module is used to power the sensors, wireless transmission module, heating and reset components, alarm device, and cut-off device. The above-mentioned monitoring and power supply structures serve as auxiliary functions of the collaborative protection structure and do not change the mechanical collaborative path of this invention, which is based on flexible force release, graded energy absorption, and follow-up reset.

[0011] Compared to simple flexible pipe compensation structures, this invention uses stress-dispersing metal reinforcing rings to diffuse the end stress of the flexible section over a wider area and provides a common stress reference for the buffer layer and damping device. Compared to simple external buffer materials in frozen soil areas, the gradient honeycomb buffer layer of this invention forms a continuous transition covering around the flexible section and reinforcing ring, enabling the buffer layer to absorb energy in stages as the flexible section deforms. Compared to traditional self-resetting pipe supports, the external damping device of this invention uses a universal ball bearing layer to follow the movement, without forming a rigid constraint on the flexible section, and achieves energy dissipation and reset synergy through a memory alloy damping spring with phase change temperature matching.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention include at least the following: First, the flexible section preferentially deforms to release stress, strengthening the stress in the ring-dispersed connection area and reducing the risk of local stress concentration in welds and straight pipe sections; Second, the gradient honeycomb buffer layer forms a continuous transition energy-absorbing structure on the outside of the pipe, allowing low-amplitude vibrations, external impacts, and seismic input energy to be dissipated radially in stages; Third, the universal ball bearing layer enables the external damping device to deflect and extend with the flexible section, avoiding the limitation of traditional rigid external supports on the flexible section's stress release; Fourth, the shape memory alloy damping spring, in conjunction with the staged phase change corrugated flexible section, provides a restoring force after energy dissipation, reducing the risk of residual deformation and sealing failure after a disaster; Fifth, deformation, corrosion, and vibration data can be collected and coupled for judgment, which is beneficial to improving the timeliness of risk identification and graded handling; Sixth, photovoltaic modules and energy storage devices power the monitoring, alarm, and reset components of remote pipe sections, reducing the need for external power supply and frequent battery replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section and its external protection, monitoring, alarm and damping structure; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a solar photovoltaic module structure; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the main vibration damping device for an oil and gas pipeline. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the mounting holes for the main body of an oil and gas pipeline.

[0014] Figure Label Explanation: 1-Main body of oil and gas pipeline; 2-Calamity adaptive corrugated flexible section; 3-Coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer; 31-Deformation-following dense honeycomb layer; 32-Stress-dispersing gradient pore size honeycomb layer; 33-Impact energy-absorbing ultra-loose honeycomb layer; 4-Deformation-adaptive stainless steel binding strap; 5-Stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring; 51-Flange interface; 6-Ceramic piezoresistive miniature pressure sensor; 7-Corrosion sensor array; 8-Stress-relieving epoxy resin anti-corrosion coating; 9-Deformation-resistant polyethylene 3PE anti-corrosion layer; 10-Explosion-proof and vibration-resistant junction box; 11-LoRa integrated wireless data transmission module; 12-Graded power ring electromagnetic armature... 13-Heating element; 14-Ceramic insulation layer; 15-Deformation adaptive fluororubber sealing lining; 16-Audible and visual alarm device; 17-Electric shut-off valve; 18-Solar photovoltaic module; 19-Solar photovoltaic panel; 10-Conductive wire; 11-Energy storage device; 12-Upper round steel pipe protective structure; 13-Lower round steel pipe protective structure; 14-Steel anchor frame; 15-Disaster adaptive vibration damping device; 16-Universal ball bearing layer; 17-Shape memory alloy damping spring; 18-Main body vibration damping device for oil and gas pipeline; 19-Damper; 10-Connecting ring; 11-Connecting seat; 12-Connector; 13-Bolt hole; 14-Mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are used to illustrate the technical concept of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention; without departing from the concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions for material types, structural dimensions, connection methods and sensor spacing.

[0016] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a disaster self-resetting shock absorption protection structure and monitoring system for oil and gas pipelines in permafrost areas. The main body (1) of the oil and gas pipeline serves as the core of pressure transportation and can be made of X80 grade high-strength spiral submerged arc welded pipe with a nominal diameter of DN300-DN1200mm and a wall thickness of 8-20mm; when the transportation pressure is high, the wall thickness can be set to not less than 12mm. The inner wall of the main body (1) of the oil and gas pipeline is provided with a stress-relieving epoxy resin anti-corrosion coating (8), and the outer wall is provided with a deformation-resistant polyethylene 3PE anti-corrosion layer (9).

[0017] The catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) is installed on the main body of the oil and gas pipeline (1) at predetermined intervals. In one embodiment, the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) is installed every 100m, with a length of 1.5-3m, and matches the nominal diameter of the pipeline. The two ends of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) are bevel-welded to the main body of the oil and gas pipeline (1), and non-destructive testing is performed after welding; stress-dispersing metal reinforcing rings (5) and flange interfaces (52) are installed on the outside of the connection area to facilitate modular installation and replacement.

[0018] The main body of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible segment (2) is a corrugated tubular structure, and the main material includes a graded phase change Ti-Ni shape memory alloy. The graded phase change Ti-Ni shape memory alloy is arranged axially as a low-temperature phase change segment, a medium-temperature phase change segment, and a high-temperature phase change segment, so that the flexible segment can obtain controllable reset capability under different temperatures and different catastrophic intensities. The inner wall of the flexible segment can be treated with micro-arc oxidation to form an anti-corrosion layer.

[0019] The inner side of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) is provided with a deformation adaptive fluororubber sealing liner (14) and at least three Ω-shaped sealing lips, with nickel-titanium alloy spring wires installed inside the Ω-shaped sealing lips. When the flexible section undergoes axial expansion or angular deflection, the sealing liner and Ω-shaped sealing lips deform with the corrugated structure, and the nickel-titanium alloy spring wires provide a rebound force, thereby reducing the risk of sealing gap expansion during the reset process.

[0020] The outer side of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible segment (2) is provided with a graded power annular electromagnetic heating element (12) and a ceramic insulation layer (13). When the monitoring data indicates that the flexible segment produces residual deformation exceeding the preset threshold, the graded power annular electromagnetic heating element (12) heats the corresponding low-temperature, medium-temperature or high-temperature phase change segment to drive the flexible segment to reset; the ceramic insulation layer (13) reduces heat loss to the external buffer layer and soil and avoids overheating of external components.

[0021] The coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) covers the outer side of the main body (1) of the oil and gas pipeline and the disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), and transitions continuously on both sides of the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5) to avoid abrupt changes in stiffness at the junction of the flexible section and the straight pipe section. The thickness of the coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) can be 50-100mm, and can be set to not less than 80mm in areas with high seismic intensity.

[0022] The coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) includes a deformation-following dense honeycomb layer (31), a stress-dispersing gradually changing pore size honeycomb layer (32), and an impact-absorbing ultra-loose honeycomb layer (33). The deformation-following dense honeycomb layer (31) is close to the outer wall of the pipe and is used to follow the deformation of the pipe wall; the stress-dispersing gradually changing pore size honeycomb layer (32) has a pore size that gradually changes radially and is used to weaken local stress peaks; the impact-absorbing ultra-loose honeycomb layer (33) is located on the outermost layer and is used to absorb the energy input from earthquakes, falling rocks, or soil impacts.

[0023] The stress-dispersing gradient pore size honeycomb layer (32) can be filled with thermally expanding microcapsules and epoxy resin repair agent. When microcracks occur in the buffer layer, the thermally expanding microcapsules are released or squeezed by the temperature of the transport medium or the ambient temperature, allowing the repair agent to enter the crack area, thereby delaying the failure of the buffer layer. The coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) is fixed by deformation-adaptive stainless steel binding straps (4), and an elastic rubber pad is set between the binding straps and the contact surface of the buffer layer to avoid local crushing.

[0024] The catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) is disposed on the outside of the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5), preferably a split external ring structure. A universal ball bearing layer (181) is provided between the catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) and the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5), so that the external damping device can follow and adjust when the flexible section undergoes angular deflection within ±30° and axial expansion and contraction within ±10%. Through this follow-up connection method, the catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) does not form a rigid limit on the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), thereby avoiding the weakening of the stress release capacity of the flexible section.

[0025] The catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) is internally equipped with a shape memory alloy damping spring (182). The phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy damping spring (182) matches the phase transition temperature of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), enabling it to provide damping energy dissipation during catastrophic impacts and simultaneously provide restoring force during the graded heating and reset process of the flexible section. Thus, the external damping structure is no longer a simple rigid support, but rather a deformable, energy-dissipating, and resettable combined structure together with the flexible section, reinforcing ring, and honeycomb buffer layer.

[0026] The main body damping device (19) of the oil and gas pipeline is used to provide additional damping for the straight section of the main body of the pipeline. The main body damping device (19) of the oil and gas pipeline includes a damper (191), a connecting ring (192), a connecting seat (193), and a connector (194). One end of the damper (191) is connected to the mounting hole (111) of the main body of the oil and gas pipeline (1) via the connecting ring (192) and the connector (194), and the other end is connected to the connecting seat (193) via the connecting ring (192); the connector (194) is provided with bolt holes (1941) so as to achieve detachable connection by high-strength bolts.

[0027] The monitoring system includes a ceramic piezoresistive miniature pressure sensor (6), a corrosion sensor array (7), an explosion-proof and vibration-resistant junction box (10), a LoRa integrated wireless data transmission module (11), and a remote monitoring platform. At least three ceramic piezoresistive miniature pressure sensors (6) are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of each disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) to collect the stress state of the flexible section; the corrosion sensor array (7) is arranged axially along the inner wall of the oil and gas pipeline body (1), and each corrosion sensor array (7) includes at least three resistance probe corrosion sensors arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0028] The signals from the ceramic piezoresistive miniature pressure sensor (6) and the corrosion sensor array (7) are collected by the explosion-proof and vibration-resistant junction box (10) and then uploaded to the remote monitoring platform by the LoRa integrated wireless data transmission module (11). The remote monitoring platform calculates the deformation of the flexible section based on the pressure data and performs coupling risk assessment by combining corrosion rate, temperature compensation, and vibration status.

[0029] In one implementation, the remote monitoring platform operates according to a three-tiered risk management mechanism: when both the deformation and corrosion rate of the flexible section are within the low-risk range, a Level 1 warning is issued, prompting on-site inspection; when any one of the deformation, corrosion rate, or vibration response of the flexible section enters the medium-risk range, a Level 2 warning is issued, prompting preparation for emergency repairs and oil transportation control; when the deformation, corrosion rate, or vibration response of the flexible section reaches the high-risk range, a Level 3 warning is issued, controlling the electric shut-off valve (16) to close and activating the audible and visual alarm device (15). The above thresholds can be calibrated according to the pipeline grade, transportation pressure, geological conditions, and design specifications.

[0030] The solar photovoltaic module (17) includes a solar photovoltaic panel (171), a conductive wire (172), an energy storage device (173), an upper circular steel pipe protective structure (174), a lower circular steel pipe protective structure (175), and a steel anchor frame (176). The solar photovoltaic panel (171) is placed on the ground or exposed on the ground surface and charges the energy storage device (173) via the conductive wire (172). The energy storage device (173) supplies power to the sensor, the wireless transmission module, the graded power ring electromagnetic heating element (12), the audible and visual alarm device (15), the electric shut-off valve (16), and the vibration damping and control components via the voltage stabilization module.

[0031] The working process of this invention is as follows: When the pipeline is displaced due to frost heave, thaw settlement, uneven settlement or earthquake, the disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) first generates axial expansion or angular deflection to release deformation energy; the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5) disperses the stress at the end of the flexible section to a wider range; the coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) absorbs the impact energy in stages on the outside; the universal ball bearing layer (181) allows the disaster-adaptive damping device (18) to follow, and the memory alloy damping spring (182) dissipates vibration energy and provides restoring force in the subsequent reset process; the monitoring system synchronously collects the stress, corrosion and vibration data of the flexible section, and triggers alarm, cut-off or reset actions when the preset risk level is reached.

Claims

1. A self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipeline disasters in permafrost areas, characterized in that, It includes the main body of the oil and gas pipeline (1), the disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), the stress-dispersive metal reinforcing ring (5), the coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3), the deformation-adaptive stainless steel binding strap (4), and the disaster-adaptive shock absorption device (18). The disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) is set between adjacent oil and gas pipeline bodies (1) and is sealed to the oil and gas pipeline body (1) to generate axial expansion and / or angular deflection under freezing heave, thawing settlement, uneven settlement or earthquake action to release pipeline deformation; The stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5) is set outside the connection area between the main body of the oil and gas pipeline (1) and the disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), and serves as a common force-bearing connection for the disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), the coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3), and the disaster-adaptive damping device (18). The coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) covers the outside of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible segment (2) and forms a stiffness continuous transition zone on both sides of the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5). The deformation adaptive stainless steel binding strap (4) is at least set in the corresponding area of ​​the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5) and the two ends of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible segment (2) to limit the relative slippage or interlayer warping of the coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) when the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible segment (2) deforms. The catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) is a split external ring structure sleeved on the outside of the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5), including a universal ball bearing layer (181) set between the catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) and the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5) and a memory alloy damping spring (182) set inside the catastrophic adaptive damping device (18). The universal ball bearing layer (181) enables the catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) to be dynamically adjusted according to the axial extension and angular deflection of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), and the phase transition temperature of the memory alloy damping spring (182) is matched with the phase transition temperature of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2). Thus, under the action of disaster, a collaborative protection path is formed in sequence: disaster adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) prioritizes stress release, stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5) disperses stress in the connection area, coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) absorbs energy in stages, disaster adaptive damping device (18) follows up to dissipate energy, and memory alloy damping spring (182) assists in reset.

2. The self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipeline disasters in permafrost areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body (1) of the oil and gas pipeline is a high-strength spiral submerged arc welded pipe with a nominal diameter of DN300-DN1200mm and a wall thickness of 8-20mm. The inner wall of the main body (1) of the oil and gas pipeline is provided with a stress-relieving epoxy resin anti-corrosion coating (8), and the outer wall is provided with a deformation-resistant polyethylene 3PE anti-corrosion layer (9). The catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) is a corrugated tubular structure with a length of 1.5-3m, and is arranged on the main body (1) of the oil and gas pipeline at a spacing of 80-150m. The main material of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) includes a graded phase change Ti-Ni memory alloy, which includes a low-temperature phase change section, a medium-temperature phase change section and a high-temperature phase change section along the axial direction.

3. The self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipeline disasters in permafrost areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner side of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) is provided with a deformation adaptive fluororubber sealing lining (14) and at least three Ω-shaped sealing lips, and the Ω-shaped sealing lips are provided with nickel-titanium alloy spring wires; the outer side of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) is provided with a graded power annular electromagnetic heating element (12) and a ceramic heat insulation layer (13), and the graded power annular electromagnetic heating element (12) is used for zoned heating of the low temperature phase change section, the medium temperature phase change section and the high temperature phase change section respectively.

4. The self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipeline disasters in permafrost areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5) and the main body of the oil and gas pipeline (1) are made of the same material or similar mechanical properties. The stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5) is integrated with a flange interface (51) and a flexible sealing gasket. The flange interface (51) is used for the modular installation and replacement of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), the coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3), or the catastrophic adaptive damping device (18). The coupled gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) includes a deformation-following dense honeycomb layer (31), a stress-dispersing gradient pore size honeycomb layer (32), and an impact-absorbing ultra-loose honeycomb layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. Layer (33); wherein, the deformation-following dense honeycomb layer (31) is close to the outer wall of the oil and gas pipeline body (1) and the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), the pore size of the stress-dispersing gradient pore honeycomb layer (32) is radially gradually changed, and the impact energy-absorbing ultra-loose honeycomb layer (33) is located in the outermost layer; the thickness of the coupling gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3) is 50-100mm; the stress-dispersing gradient pore honeycomb layer (32) is filled with thermal expansion microcapsules and epoxy resin repair agent; an elastic rubber pad is provided between the contact surface of the deformation adaptive stainless steel binding strap (4) and the coupling gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3).

5. The self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipeline disasters in permafrost areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) can adapt to the angular deflection within ±30° and the axial expansion and contraction within ±10% of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2); the memory alloy damping spring (182) is evenly distributed along the circumference of the catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) to provide circumferentially balanced damping energy dissipation and reset function under earthquake input or soil displacement input in different directions.

6. The self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipeline disasters in permafrost areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a damping device (19) for the main body of the oil and gas pipeline, which includes a damper (191), a connecting ring (192), a connecting seat (193) and a connector (194). One end of the damper (191) is connected to the mounting hole (111) of the main body of the oil and gas pipeline (1) via the connecting ring (192) and the connector (194), and the other end is connected to the connecting seat (193) via the connecting ring (192). The connector (194) is provided with bolt holes (1941).

7. The self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipeline disasters in permafrost areas according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a deformation-corrosion-vibration monitoring system, which includes a ceramic piezoresistive miniature pressure sensor (6), a corrosion sensor array (7), an explosion-proof and vibration-resistant junction box (10), a LoRa integrated wireless data transmission module (11), and a remote monitoring platform; three ceramic piezoresistive miniature pressure sensors (6) are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of each disaster-adaptive corrugated flexible section (2), and the corrosion sensor array (7) is arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the oil and gas pipeline body (1). The sensor signals are collected by the explosion-proof and vibration-resistant junction box (10) and then uploaded to the remote monitoring platform by the LoRa integrated wireless data transmission module (11).

8. The self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipeline disasters in permafrost areas according to claim 7, characterized in that, The remote monitoring platform is configured to calculate the deformation of the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) based on the pressure data collected by the ceramic piezoresistive micro pressure sensor (6), and to perform coupling risk judgment by combining the corrosion rate data collected by the corrosion sensor array (7) and the vibration response data of the damping device; when the coupling risk reaches the preset level, the remote monitoring platform controls the audible and visual alarm device (15) and the electric shut-off valve (16) to perform alarm or shut-off actions.

9. The self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipeline disasters in permafrost areas according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, It also includes a solar photovoltaic module (17), which includes a solar photovoltaic panel (171), a conductive wire (172), an energy storage device (173), an upper circular steel pipe protective structure (174), a lower circular steel pipe protective structure (175), and a steel anchor (176). The solar photovoltaic panel (171) is connected to the energy storage device (173) via the conductive wire (172). The energy storage device (173) supplies power to the ceramic piezoresistive micro pressure sensor (6), the corrosion sensor array (7), the LoRa integrated wireless data transmission module (11), the graded power ring electromagnetic heating element (12), the audible and visual alarm device (15), and the electric shut-off valve (16) via a voltage stabilizing module.

10. A disaster response method based on the self-resetting shock absorption and protection structure for oil and gas pipelines in permafrost areas as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: when the main body (1) of the oil and gas pipeline is displaced due to frost heave, thaw settlement, uneven settlement or seismic action, the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) first undergoes axial expansion and / or angular deflection; the stress in the connection area is diffused to the main body (1) and the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) through the stress-dispersing metal reinforcing ring (5); the external impact energy is absorbed in stages through the coupling gradient honeycomb buffer layer (3); the catastrophic adaptive damping device (18) moves with the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) through the universal ball bearing layer (181); the energy is damped and dissipated through the memory alloy damping spring (182) and the catastrophic adaptive corrugated flexible section (2) is assisted to recover when the graded power annular electromagnetic heating plate (12) triggers the reset.

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