Test device and method for integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system

Abstract

This invention discloses a test apparatus and method for an integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system. The test apparatus includes a connecting frame and a telescopic jack. The connecting frame includes an upper load-bearing beam, multiple uprights, a support frame, a slide rail lower chord beam, and a lower load-bearing beam. The method includes the following steps: 1) Installing the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system on the test apparatus; 2) Horizontally loading the upper load-bearing beam; 3) Applying load in stages; 4) Sliding the lower load-bearing beam along a circular arc guide surface; 5) Repeating step 4), traversing all set transverse bridge angle conditions, and then unloading in stages; 6) Adjusting the upper load-bearing beam to a set angle α with the horizontal plane. max 7) Execute step 3), then repeat step 4), and unload in stages after traversing all set transverse bridge angle conditions; 8) Evaluate the hoisting bearing capacity and the spatial rotation performance of the cable clamp. This invention can achieve decoupling of longitudinal and transverse bridge inclination angles and geometric center locking, accurately simulating the real force boundary of the spatial cable surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge construction equipment testing technology, and more specifically, relates to a test device and method for an integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of transportation infrastructure construction, the construction technology of long-span bridges is constantly iterating and updating. Among various bridge types, suspension bridges are widely used due to their spanning capacity. To improve the overall stability and aesthetic appearance of bridges, modern long-span suspension bridges often adopt a spatial cable plane design, which means that the main cable has complex inclination angles in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Under this complex alignment, the hoisting of the main girder becomes a critical link in the entire project, usually requiring an integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system. However, before these heavy-duty lifting equipment are officially put into on-site construction, rigorous load-bearing capacity tests must be conducted on the ground to verify their structural strength and operational stability. Existing testing devices have revealed many significant shortcomings and deficiencies when dealing with complex spatial stress conditions, specifically in the following aspects: Currently, ground tests for such heavy-load lifting systems mostly rely on traditional static load anchorage test benches. These conventional test devices generally have the limitation of limited functionality, often only providing unidirectional tensile loading along the vertical direction. However, in real bridge construction environments, integrated heavy-load vertical lifting systems must adapt to the gradient changes of the main cable along the bridge direction. Existing test equipment cannot reproduce this tilting state along the bridge direction, and its support frames are mostly fixed structures, lacking anchorage nodes that can be flexibly adjusted along the height direction. This results in the tested equipment being tested only in a horizontal state, ignoring the longitudinal component force and additional bending moment caused by the tilting along the bridge direction. This static testing method, detached from actual working conditions, means that the obtained test data cannot truly reflect the stress characteristics of the lifting system in the tilted state, creating potential safety hazards for subsequent actual construction operations.

[0003] Besides its limitations in the longitudinal direction, existing test platforms also have significant shortcomings in simulating transverse tilt. During the hoisting of a spatial cable-stayed bridge, the lateral spacing between the two main cables changes continuously as the hoisting point moves longitudinally, requiring the hoisting system to have lateral sway and amplitude-changing capabilities. However, traditional test platforms typically use rigid fixed connections at both ends, and the base lacks a guide structure to smoothly guide the load-bearing components along an arc trajectory. This prevents testers from dynamically changing the transverse angle of the tested equipment while applying heavy loads. Forcibly applying lateral push-pull forces to a traditional rigid frame generates enormous lateral constraint forces, severely distorting the stress distribution of each component, and even directly causing damage to the tested component or overturning of the test frame. Due to the lack of such a lateral angle-changing guidance and driving mechanism, the industry has long struggled to effectively evaluate the rotational performance of cable clamps under complex lateral stress states and the shear capacity of the overall system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention provides a test device and method for an integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system. The lower chord beam of the slide adopts a circular arc guide surface design. The geometric center line of the circular arc guide surface coincides with the center line of the cable clamp and the center line of the upper load-bearing beam, realizing the decoupling of the longitudinal and transverse inclination angles and the locking of the geometric center, accurately simulating the real stress boundary of the spatial cable surface.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a test apparatus for an integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is provided, comprising a connecting frame and a telescopic jack; The connecting frame includes an upper load-bearing beam, multiple uprights, a support frame, a lower chord beam of the slide rail, and a lower load-bearing beam. Each upright is vertically mounted on the support frame. Each upright has multiple pin holes spaced apart along its height. Each end of the upper load-bearing beam has multiple connecting holes. One connecting hole at each end of the upper load-bearing beam is connected to one of the pin holes via a pin shaft to adjust the posture of the upper load-bearing beam. The upper load-bearing beam has a cylindrical receiving portion for attaching cable clamps. The cable clamps are packaged... The system includes a sleeve for coaxial mounting on the cylindrical receiving part and a horizontal hinge shaft rotatably mounted on the sleeve. The centerline of the horizontal hinge shaft intersects the centerline of the sleeve. There are two lower chord beams of the slide rail, arranged side-by-side with a gap between them. The lower chord beams are fixedly mounted on the support frame. The bottom of each lower chord beam has a downwardly convex arc-shaped guide surface. This guide surface is provided when the upper supporting beam is in a horizontal position and when the upper supporting beam is adjusted to a set angle α with the horizontal plane. max When the slide is tilted, the geometric center line of the arc guide surface coincides with the center line of the horizontal hinge axis, and the lower load-bearing beam is slidably installed on the arc guide surface of the lower chord beam of the slide. The fixed shell of the telescopic jack is hinged to the lower chord beam of the slide rail, the lower load-bearing beam is slidably mounted on the arc guide surface, and the piston rod of the telescopic jack is connected to the lower load-bearing beam to drive the lower load-bearing beam to slide along the arc guide surface.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes an upper chord beam and a diagonal connecting rod. The upper chord beam is horizontally connected to each of the uprights. The diagonal connecting rod is inclined and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the upright and the end of the upper chord beam. The upright, the diagonal connecting rod and the upper chord beam together form a portal frame with a triangular stable structure to provide reaction force support during the test.

[0007] Preferably, the support frame includes multiple vertically arranged load-bearing vertical bars and horizontal bars connected between two adjacent load-bearing vertical bars. The multiple load-bearing vertical bars and multiple horizontal bars are interwoven and fixedly connected to form a rigid platform. The lower chord beam of the slide is fixedly supported at the bottom of the rigid platform.

[0008] Preferably, the structure also includes inclined braces, with the bottom ends of the uprights fixedly connected to the top ends of the load-bearing verticals directly below, and the inclined ends of the braces fixedly connected to the uprights and the horizontal bars, to enhance the overall deformation resistance stiffness between the upper and lower frame structures.

[0009] Preferably, a T-groove is machined on the arc guide surface of the lower chord beam along the arc sliding trajectory. The lower load-bearing beam is slidably mounted on the arc guide surface by a slider, and the slider is slidably embedded in the T-groove to guide and limit the transverse arc sliding trajectory of the lower load-bearing beam.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom end of the lower load-bearing beam is fixedly provided with an anchor for connecting the steel strand.

[0011] Preferably, a lateral connecting lug is fixedly provided on the side wall of the lower load-bearing beam, and the telescopic jack is arranged along a horizontal or near-horizontal direction on one side of the lower load-bearing beam. The piston rod of the telescopic jack is rotatably connected to the lateral connecting lug through a hinge shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the testing device is further equipped with a sensor assembly for collecting mechanical test data. The sensor assembly includes a strain gauge and a hydraulic pressure sensor. The strain gauge is attached to the outer surface of the connecting frame, and the hydraulic pressure sensor is connected to the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack.

[0013] Preferably, a limit baffle is also provided on the upper load-bearing beam to prevent it from being adjusted to a set angle α with the horizontal plane. max When the cable clamp is tilted, it slides down and shifts.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a test method for the test apparatus of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is also provided, comprising the following steps: 1) The cable clamp of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is inserted into the cylindrical receiving part of the upper load-bearing beam. The fixed shell of the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is fixed on the connecting frame. The upper end of the steel strand is passed through the piston rod of the through-hole jack and then anchored to the piston rod of the through-hole jack. The lower end of the steel strand is anchored to the lower load-bearing beam. The strain gauges are attached to the outer surfaces of the connecting frame and the cable clamp, and a hydraulic pressure sensor is installed on the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack. 2) Insert each end of the upper load-bearing beam into the corresponding pin holes on the upright through pin shafts, so that the upper load-bearing beam is horizontal, then the longitudinal angle α = 0° at this time; 3) Apply load using the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system, and then set a time for static loading after the load is applied in stages to the target load. 4) The telescopic jack drives the lower load-bearing beam to slide along the convex arc guide surface of the lower chord beam of the slide rail, so that the angle between the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system and the vertical plane, i.e., the transverse bridge angle β, reaches the set value; check the state of the load-bearing components of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system, the rotation flexibility of the cable clamp, and the hydraulic system conditions of the through-hole jack and the telescopic jack during the test, and collect strain and pressure data simultaneously; 5) Repeat step 4), after traversing all the set transverse bridge angle conditions, perform graded unloading, unload to zero, and then let it stand for a set time. 6) Move the pins at both ends of the upper load-bearing beam to pin holes at another height on the upright, so that the upper load-bearing beam is adjusted to form a set angle α with the horizontal plane. max The bridge is in a tilted state, at which point the included angle α along the bridge direction is α = α max ; 7) Execute step 3), then repeat step 4), after traversing all the set transverse bridge angle conditions, perform graded unloading, unload to zero and then let stand for a set time. 8) Compile all working condition data. Based on the collected strain and pressure data, evaluate the hoisting load capacity and spatial rotation performance of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system. If the stress of the cable clamp is less than the material yield strength under all angle working conditions, and the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system has no leakage or pressure loss, then the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is deemed qualified.

[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1) The test device for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system of this invention achieves composite simulation of spatial bidirectional tilt angles. By setting multiple pin holes along the height direction of the uprights, the tilt posture of the upper load-bearing beam can be easily adjusted, thereby simulating the longitudinal slope of the bridge during actual construction. Combined with the arc-shaped guide surface of the lower chord beam of the slide and the telescopic jacks, the lower load-bearing beam can be driven to slide laterally, achieving dynamic adjustment of the transverse bridge angle. This structure breaks through the limitations of traditional unidirectional loading tests and can objectively reproduce the composite stress conditions of the spatial cable surface.

[0016] 2) The test device for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system of this invention ensures the accuracy of the force boundary and decoupling of motion. The design specifies that the geometric center line of the arc guide surface coincides with the geometric center line of the cable clamp accommodating the cable, ensuring that the rotation center of the entire test system remains stable during lateral angle-changing sliding of the lower supporting beam. This concentric structure avoids unnecessary translational deviations or eccentric bending moments during angle-changing, making the longitudinal tilt and transverse sliding independent of each other, objectively reproducing the on-site force characteristics, and ensuring the reliability of the test data.

[0017] 3) The test device for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system of the present invention improves the attitude adaptability of multi-axis load-bearing components in space. The upper load-bearing beam is equipped with a cylindrical receiving part, designed to cooperate with the cable clamps. This interface design allows the tested component to still rotate smoothly in space when facing complex bidirectional angle conditions, preventing operational stagnation and local stress concentration.

[0018] 4) The test device of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system of the present invention provides a safe and stable foundation for heavy-duty loading. The connecting frame, mainly composed of uprights, upper load-bearing beams, and lower chord beams of the slide rails, provides ample reaction force support for large-tonnage mechanical tests; combined with the hydraulic drive of the telescopic jacks and the limiting sliding of the arc guide surface, the load-bearing beam is controlled and stable during the angle change process, improving the safety level of the testing process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention when the upper load-bearing beam is horizontal; Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention when the upper load-bearing beam is horizontal; Figure 3 This is a side view of the present invention with the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system installed and the upper load-bearing beam in a horizontal state. Figure 4 This is a side view of the present invention with the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system installed and the upper load-bearing beam in an inclined state. In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1. Connecting frame; 2. Telescopic jack; 10. Upper load-bearing beam; 1001. Cylindrical support; 11. Upright pole; 12. Support frame; 13. Lower chord beam of slide rail; 14. Lower load-bearing beam; 141. Sliding block; 15. Pin; 100. Cable clamp; 131. Arc guide surface; 16. Upper chord beam; 17. Diagonal connecting rod; 18. Load-bearing vertical rod; 19. Horizontal bar; 110. Diagonal bar; 132. Lateral connecting lug; 3. Anchorage; 101. Integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system; 102. Steel strand; 103. Horizontal hinge shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-4 The test device for an integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system includes a connecting frame 1 and a telescopic jack 2. The connecting frame 1 includes an upper load-bearing beam 10, multiple uprights, a support frame, a lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail, and a lower load-bearing beam 14. Each upright is vertically mounted on the support frame, and each upright has multiple pin holes spaced apart along its height. Each end of the upper load-bearing beam 10 has multiple connecting holes, and one of the connecting holes at each end of the upper load-bearing beam 10 is connected to one of the pin holes by a pin shaft 15 to adjust the posture of the upper load-bearing beam 10. The upper load-bearing beam 10 has a cylindrical receiving part 1001 for threading cable clips, wherein the cable clip includes a part for coaxially threading onto the cylindrical receiving part. The sleeve on the connecting part 1001 and the horizontal hinge shaft 103 rotatably mounted on the sleeve, the center line of the horizontal hinge shaft 103 intersects the center line of the sleeve. There are two lower chord beams 13 of the slide rail, which are arranged side by side with a gap between them. The lower chord beams 13 are fixedly mounted on the support frame. The bottom of the lower chord beam 13 is provided with a downwardly convex arc guide surface 131. By pre-arranging the positions of multiple pin holes on the upright, the upper load-bearing beam 10 is in a horizontal position and when the upper load-bearing beam 10 is adjusted to a set angle α with the horizontal plane, the upper load-bearing beam 10 can be adjusted to a set angle α with the horizontal plane. max When the upper load-bearing beam 10 is tilted, the geometric center line of the arc guide surface 131 coincides with the center line of the horizontal hinge shaft 103, and the lower load-bearing beam 14 is slidably mounted on the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail; in addition, when the upper load-bearing beam 10 is in a horizontal position and when the upper load-bearing beam 10 is adjusted to form a set angle α with the horizontal plane... maxWhen tilted, the horizontal hinge shaft 103 remains horizontal; the cable clamp 100 is a conventional cable clamp, and a suspension component is connected to the horizontal hinge shaft 103. The suspension component can suspend the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system; in addition, other horizontal hinge shafts perpendicular to the horizontal hinge shaft 103 can be set on the suspension component, so the cable clamp is a two-way cable clamp with two degrees of rotational freedom in two directions. The fixed shell of the telescopic jack 2 is hinged to the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail. The lower load-bearing beam 14 is slidably mounted on the arc guide surface 131. The piston rod of the telescopic jack 2 is connected to the lower load-bearing beam 14 to drive the lower load-bearing beam 14 to slide along the arc guide surface 131. When the upper load-bearing beam 10 is in a horizontal position and when the upper load-bearing beam 10 is adjusted to a set angle α with the horizontal plane... max When the upper load-bearing beam 10 is tilted, the geometric center line of the arc guide surface 131 coincides with the center line of the horizontal hinge shaft 103. Therefore, the upper load-bearing beam 10 is horizontal and tilted at an angle of α. max When tilted, the lower supporting beam 14 can slide on the arc guide surface 131 under the drive of the telescopic jack 2.

[0022] When the position of the adjusting pin 15 causes the upper load-bearing beam 10 to tilt in the direction of the bridge, the geometric center of the upper load-bearing beam 10 will shift horizontally due to the change in the projection of the hole spacing at both ends of the upper load-bearing beam 10. At this time, thanks to the guiding effect of the cylindrical receiving part 1001, this structure ensures that the hoisting components (including the steel strand 102 and the through-hole jack) always maintain a strictly vertical state, avoiding the generation of lateral shear force in the direction of the bridge on the lower load-bearing beam 14, thereby ensuring that the lower load-bearing beam 14 can still slide smoothly along the arc guide surface 131 under heavy load.

[0023] The integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system test device of this invention integrates two core modules, a connecting frame 1 and a telescopic jack 2, to construct a high-rigidity loading test platform with multi-dimensional spatial attitude adjustment capabilities. The various technical features of this invention work together to bring significant positive effects to the field of heavy-duty testing, specifically in the following aspects: Regarding the construction of the overall load-bearing structure, the test device of this integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system provides a high-strength reaction force boundary for spatial loading through the scientific configuration of the connecting frame 1. The multiple uprights 11 contained in the connecting frame 1 constitute the basic vertical support skeleton of the entire test device. Each upright 11 is arranged vertically and parallel to each other. This parallel vertical arrangement ensures that the huge heavy load applied during the test can be transmitted to the foundation base along the axial direction of the uprights in a straight and direct path. This force distribution mode effectively avoids additional lateral bending moments caused by the tilting of the support components, ensuring the overall structural stability and load-bearing safety of the test device when subjected to large-tonnage ultimate loads. Furthermore, each upright 11 has multiple pin holes spaced along the height direction. This multi-hole array distribution design provides the device with abundant vertical adjustment nodes. During spatial attitude simulation testing, testers can insert each pin 15 into one of the pin holes according to the predetermined test plan, thereby flexibly selecting the support connection point in the height direction. By selecting different combinations of pin holes at different heights on the two parallel uprights 11, the tilt state of the upper load-bearing beam 10 can be precisely adjusted. This allows for the realistic reproduction of the longitudinal angle state of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 in actual spatial bridge engineering in a laboratory environment, greatly expanding the test condition coverage of the test device.

[0024] For the decoupling design of the upper loading interface and attitude, each end of the upper load-bearing beam 10 is connected to the upright 11 via a pin 15. This hinged connection via pin 15 ensures smooth pitch and rotation of the upper load-bearing beam 10 when its height changes at both ends, while preventing destructive internal stress concentration at the nodes when adjusting the tilt state, thus ensuring a clear force system and structural node safety. Simultaneously, the upper load-bearing beam 10 has a cylindrical receiving portion 1001 for mounting cable clamps 100. The outer contour of the cylindrical receiving portion 1001 allows for a smooth fit with the internal structure of the cable clamp 100, providing a uniform contact surface and preventing localized stress concentration under heavy load suspension, which could damage the tested structure. More importantly, the geometric center line of the cylindrical receiving portion 1001 is perpendicular to the center line of the pin 15. This orthogonal geometric arrangement ensures that the rotation axis for adjusting the inclination angle along the bridge direction is orthogonally decoupled from the longitudinal axis of the load-bearing area of ​​the cable clamp 100 in three-dimensional space. When the cable clamp 100 undergoes spatial attitude deflection under complex stress conditions, it ensures that the reaction force is transmitted along the expected central plane, avoiding unpredictable torsional moments on the pin 15 node, thereby significantly improving the standardization of the loading process and the accuracy of mechanical data acquisition.

[0025] Furthermore, to ensure precise adjustment of the lateral angle and constant control of the geometric center, the test device incorporates a crucial guiding module in its lower support structure. The lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail is fixedly mounted on the upright 11 via the support frame 12. The support frame 12 not only provides a stable aerial support for the lower chord beam 13, limiting its disordered displacement during the test, but also increases the lateral constraint of the upright 11, reduces the effective buckling length of the upright, and further enhances the overall compressive stiffness of the connecting frame 1. The bottom of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail is provided with a downwardly convex arc guide surface 131, which is the core geometric feature for achieving lateral amplitude variation testing. The geometric center line of the arc guide surface 131 and the geometric center line of the horizontal hinge axis 103 are aligned regardless of whether the upper load-bearing beam 10 is horizontal or inclined to α. max The geometric centerlines always coincide. This constraint design, where the geometric centerlines coincide, ensures that the lower supporting beam 14's trajectory remains strictly aligned with the geometric centerline of the horizontal hinge axis 103 as it slides on the arc guide surface 131. Therefore, throughout the entire process of dynamically adjusting the transverse bridge angle, regardless of the specific position the lower supporting beam 14 moves to on the arc guide surface 131, the straight-line distance from the anchor point to the center of the cable clamp 100 remains constant under test loading. This constant-radius arc motion trajectory ensures that the tensile force direction always precisely points to the rotation center of the cable clamp 100, preventing abrupt changes in cable length or eccentric loading tension when the transverse angle changes. This achieves independent decoupling simulation of the longitudinal and transverse bridge tilt angles, allowing the test data to accurately reflect the working state of the lifting system under multi-dimensional spatial forces and ensuring the rigor of the test conditions.

[0026] Finally, for stepless drive and smooth adjustment under heavy load conditions, the lower support beam 14 is slidably mounted on the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail, serving as a moving carrier for anchoring the lower cable and transmitting force. To drive this high-load-bearing moving carrier smoothly along a predetermined trajectory, the fixed shell of the telescopic jack 2 is hinged to the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail, and the piston rod of the telescopic jack 2 is connected to the lower support beam 14. The hinged mounting of the fixed shell gives the telescopic jack 2 the freedom to swing freely within the working plane. When the telescopic jack 2 moves, it drives the lower support beam 14 to slide along the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail. During this arc sliding process, the direction of the driving force dynamically deflects as the position of the lower support beam 14 on the arc changes. Thanks to the hinged design of the fixed shell, the telescopic jack 2 can automatically adapt to the real-time changes in the thrust direction, avoiding harmful lateral bending shear loads on the piston rod, thus ensuring the smooth operation of the hydraulic actuator and extending the service life of the equipment. Through the orderly extension and retraction of the piston rod, the test operator can precisely and steplessly control the stopping position of the lower load-bearing beam 14 on the arc guide surface 131, achieving smooth adjustment of the transverse bridge angle. This structure, combining hydraulic drive and arc guide, not only provides sufficient lateral pushing and pulling force to overcome structural frictional resistance under heavy load, but also ensures the safety and controllability of the spatial attitude adjustment process, enabling the tester to continuously collect strain and force data of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 at different transverse angles without stopping the machine from unloading.

[0027] In summary, the various structural features of this invention complement and support each other, jointly constructing a fully functional three-dimensional heavy-load testing platform. The static high-rigidity support of the connecting frame 1 and the dynamic precise drive of the telescopic jack 2 complement each other; the multi-hole cooperation between the upper load-bearing beam 10 and multiple uprights 11 enables flexible arrangement of the longitudinal tilt angle; the sliding connection between the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 and the lower load-bearing beam 14 enables precise control of the lateral angle. In particular, the geometric constraint relationships between the components, such as the spatial layout design of perpendicular and coincident centerlines, demonstrate rigorous engineering design logic, ensuring the purity and authenticity of the test boundary conditions. The test device for this integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system can not only meet the testing requirements of large-tonnage static load bearing capacity, but also safely and stably simulate complex bidirectional spatial tilt angle changes under high load conditions. This allows testers to comprehensively evaluate the structural strength, rotational flexibility and operational reliability of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 and its core components under three-dimensional spatial stress environment, providing a solid hardware platform guarantee for the performance verification of large bridge construction equipment.

[0028] In some embodiments, the system further includes an upper chord beam 16 and a diagonal connecting rod 17. The upper chord beam 16 is horizontally connected to each of the uprights 11. The diagonal connecting rod 17 is inclined and its two ends are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the upright 11 and the end of the upper chord beam 16, respectively. The uprights 11, the diagonal connecting rod 17, and the upper chord beam 16 together form a portal frame with a triangular stability structure to provide reaction force support during the test.

[0029] This design incorporates an upper chord beam 16 and diagonal connecting rods 17 into the upper support frame. The upper chord beam 16 is horizontally connected to the uprights 11 on both sides. This structural arrangement effectively closes the multiple uprights 11 that were originally independently stressed at the top, forming a laterally spanning overall load-bearing frame system. During loading tests, the multiple uprights 11 bear enormous tensile loads from the lower tested system. The horizontal connection support provided by the upper chord beam 16 restricts the lateral displacement and lateral deflection of the multiple uprights 11 during heavy-load pulling. This lateral rigid constraint mechanism enables the uprights 11 on both sides to achieve force coordination when bearing huge loads, preventing local instability of a single upright 11 due to eccentric loading or uneven stress, thereby significantly enhancing the lateral shear stiffness and overall structural stability of the entire upper support frame.

[0030] The inclined design of the diagonal brace 17 and its dedicated connection arrangement play a crucial role in stress dispersion and local support reinforcement. In this design, the two ends of the diagonal brace 17 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upright 11 and the end of the upper chord beam 16, respectively. This node arrangement establishes an inclined force transmission path in the right-angle intersection area between the upright 11 and the upper chord beam 16. When the upright 11 is subjected to the vertical main load applied by the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101, as well as the additional lateral bending moment generated by the tilt adjustment, a portion of the concentrated bending moment and shear force will be smoothly transmitted to the end of the upper chord beam 16 through the diagonal brace 17. This force transmission mechanism effectively reduces the stress peak at the top node of the upright 11 and in the connection area between the upright 11 and the upper load-bearing beam 10. The inclined diagonal brace 17 acts as a strong diagonal bracing member, significantly enhancing the local stiffness of the frame corner area and preventing plastic yielding or angular deformation that may occur at the top node of the frame under heavy-load combined conditions.

[0031] Through a rational spatial geometric layout, the uprights 11, diagonal braces 17, and upper chord beam 16 together form a portal frame with a triangular stability structure. In engineering mechanics, the basic triangular unit has a robust resistance to deformation. This triangular stability structure is deeply integrated into the portal frame, endowing it with torsional and deformation resistance. During the bidirectional tilt angle composite simulation test of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 with different longitudinal and transverse bridge angles, the upper support frame not only needs to cope with the huge pull-out force in the vertical direction, but also with multi-directional horizontal components and spatial torsional forces. The portal frame composed of the uprights 11, diagonal braces 17, and upper chord beam 16 can evenly distribute and transmit these multi-directional cross loads downward through multiple force transmission paths, providing strong resistance and preventing the connecting frame 1 from experiencing overall torsional instability or structural buckling under complex force components.

[0032] Finally, the portal frame assembled from the aforementioned steel components provides solid and reliable reaction support for the entire integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 during the testing process. Since the core purpose of the test device is to verify the loading test force and rotational performance of the large-tonnage lifting system, sufficient reaction support without significant yielding deformation is fundamental to ensuring the safe progress of the graded loading test. This robust system ensures that the test device maintains constant overall structural dimensions and relative coordinate position even when subjected to multiple levels of continuous large loads. This protects the data collected by the sensor components during the test from interference from the deflection deformation of the test frame itself, ensuring the objectivity and authenticity of the data acquisition and contributing to the accurate assessment of the load-bearing limit of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101.

[0033] In some embodiments, the support frame 12 includes multiple vertically arranged load-bearing vertical bars 18 and horizontal bars 19 connected between two adjacent load-bearing vertical bars 18. The multiple load-bearing vertical bars 18 and the multiple horizontal bars 19 are interwoven and fixedly connected to form a rigid platform. The lower chord beam 13 of the slide is fixedly supported at the bottom of the rigid platform.

[0034] In this invention, the support frame 12 is designed with multiple vertically arranged load-bearing vertical bars 18 and horizontal bars 19 connecting adjacent load-bearing vertical bars 18. This matrix-like spatial skeleton construction method allows independent vertical load-bearing components to be integrated into a cohesive whole. The multiple vertically arranged load-bearing vertical bars 18 form the core vertical channel for downward load transmission. During the graded loading and angle-changing tests of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101, the huge vertical load and reverse tensile force transmitted from the upper structure can be stably introduced into the bottom load-bearing base. At the same time, the horizontal bars 19 connecting adjacent load-bearing vertical bars 18 play a crucial role in lateral restraint and lateral tension in the structure. The arrangement of the horizontal bars 19 effectively reduces the free calculation length of each load-bearing vertical bar 18, significantly improves the critical threshold of compressive instability of the vertical members under external heavy loads, prevents the load-bearing vertical bars 18 from undergoing longitudinal bending or lateral buckling deformation when subjected to large tonnage downward pressure loads, and ensures the stability of the vertical support frame.

[0035] The multiple load-bearing vertical bars 18 and multiple horizontal bars 19 are designed to be interwoven and fixedly connected, forming a rigid platform together. This interwoven and fixed connection structure creates a dense stress grid system in three-dimensional space. Under the drive of the test device, the load-bearing beam 14 slides to simulate the dynamic test condition of the transverse bridge angle. The sliding process generates multi-dimensional horizontal shear forces and lateral torques. Since the multiple load-bearing vertical bars 18 and multiple horizontal bars 19 together form a rigid platform, this rigid platform possesses excellent spatial torsional stiffness and shear stiffness. Eccentric forces or lateral components applied to local locations of the system are rapidly dispersed through this interwoven structural network and evenly transmitted to all nodes of the rigid platform. This load-averaging distribution path reduces the stress peak of individual components, ensuring the shape of the support frame 12 remains constant during multi-level transverse bridge angle changes and high-load static load maintenance, thereby consolidating the overall robustness of the test support system.

[0036] Furthermore, this invention clarifies that the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail is fixedly supported at the bottom of the rigid platform. As a reference component guiding the lower load-bearing beam 14 to slide along the arc guide surface 131, the accuracy of the surface spatial coordinates of the lower chord beam 13 directly affects the accuracy of the decoupling of the longitudinal and transverse bridge inclination angles. In heavy-load composite tests, the lower chord beam 13 not only bears the enormous vertical load transmitted from above but also resists the horizontal pushing and pulling loads applied by the telescopic jacks 2. Fixing it to the bottom of the rigid platform, which is composed of multiple load-bearing vertical bars 18 and multiple horizontal bars 19, provides a large-area, multi-point solid base for the lower chord beam 13. This ample bottom support configuration enables the lower chord beam 13 to achieve strong support stiffness when dealing with dynamic variable angle loading and alternating multi-dimensional spatial stresses, effectively preventing the lower chord beam 13 from deflecting, sagging, or undergoing localized torsional deformation. The stable structure of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide ensures that the curvature and geometric position of its bottom arc guide surface 131 do not shift, thus maintaining the accuracy of the force boundary of the entire space test system. The stable support of the rigid platform also reduces the disordered structural resistance of the load-bearing beam 14 during the sliding process driven by the telescopic jack 2, ensuring that the sliding action is smoothly executed along the predetermined trajectory, ensuring the smooth progress of the simulated loading process, and providing a reliable structural support for the accurate acquisition of various mechanical test data from strain gauges and hydraulic pressure sensors.

[0037] In some embodiments, the system further includes inclined bracing 110, the bottom end of the upright 11 being fixedly connected to the top end of the load-bearing vertical bar 18 directly below, and the inclined ends of the bracing 110 being fixedly connected to the upright 11 and the horizontal bar 19, respectively, to enhance the overall deformation resistance stiffness between the upper and lower frame structures.

[0038] This invention clarifies that the bottom end of the upright 11 is fixedly connected to the top end of the load-bearing vertical rod 18 directly below. A direct and smooth vertical load transmission channel is established between the upper support frame and the support frame 12. During the graded loading test of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101, the large tonnage vertical pull-out load borne by the system can be directly transmitted downwards along the upright 11 in the form of axial pressure to the load-bearing vertical rod 18 at the bottom. This collinear fixed connection method reduces the eccentric bending moment generated by the load in the transition area between the upper and lower frames, avoids local stress concentration caused by force offset at the junction node, and allows the huge test static load to be reliably received by the lower frame and introduced into the test base, ensuring the safety and stability of the main force transmission path in the vertical direction.

[0039] An inclined brace 110 is also provided between the upper support frame and the support frame 12. In the hoisting simulation of the spatial cable-stayed bridge, the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 needs to change various longitudinal and transverse bridge angles. Under these multi-directional variable angle test conditions, the test device not only needs to withstand vertical tensile force, but also the combined effects of horizontal shear force and lateral torque. The inclined brace 110 spans the junction area of ​​the upper and lower frames, playing a crucial role in inclined support and multi-directional force sharing.

[0040] The inclined ends of the diagonal brace 110 are fixedly connected to the vertical pole 11 and the horizontal pole 19, respectively. This specific connection node structure links the vertically oriented vertical pole 11 and the horizontally oriented horizontal pole 19 through the diagonal brace 110, constructing a stable triangular geometric unit in space. When the upper support frame is subjected to lateral pushing or pulling loads or torsional components and exhibits a tendency to overturn laterally, these horizontal or inclined destructive forces are converted into axial tensile or axial compressive forces of the diagonal brace 110 itself through this triangular node. Since the bearing stiffness of the steel component under axial load is much greater than its stiffness under lateral bending moment, this force conversion mechanism significantly reduces the bending load at the bottom junction of the vertical pole 11, effectively constraining the tendency of the upper support frame to undergo lateral displacement or tilting swaying relative to the support frame 12.

[0041] The structural system combining vertical collinear connection and diagonal support enhances the overall deformation stiffness between the upper and lower frame structures. The upper support frame and the support frame 12 are tightly stitched together into a high-rigidity load-bearing unit, maintaining the constant three-dimensional spatial dimensions of the entire test device under harsh testing environments such as full-load overload tests and complex spatial angle pulling. The high overall deformation stiffness of the test device ensures that the relative spatial coordinates of the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 and the center point of the top cable clamp 100 do not deviate due to frame stress, guaranteeing the accuracy of geometric constraints during the rotation of the cable clamp 100 and the sliding of the lower load-bearing beam 14. This robust connection system reduces the error interference caused by the deformation of the test frame itself on the mechanical test data, ensuring that the strain and pressure data collected during the test objectively and truthfully reflect the actual load-bearing state of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101, providing a solid structural guarantee for the safe verification of the equipment.

[0042] In some embodiments, a T-groove is machined on the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 along the arc sliding trajectory. The lower load-bearing beam 14 is mounted on the arc guide surface 131 by a slider 141. The slider 141 is slidably embedded in the T-groove to guide and limit the transverse arc sliding trajectory of the lower load-bearing beam 14.

[0043] This invention clarifies that a T-slot is machined along the arc sliding trajectory on the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail. This internal slotted structure establishes a clear and smooth sliding channel on the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail. During multi-level angle change simulation of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101, the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail needs to withstand heavy downward loads distributed in multiple directions above, as well as push and pull components during the angle change process. The T-slot machined along the arc sliding trajectory allows the force-bearing contact surface to penetrate into the internal area of ​​the profile, increasing the lateral and vertical force-bearing contact area. This structure gives the lower load-bearing beam 14 a clear movement boundary during movement, ensuring the controllability of its movement trajectory under heavy load.

[0044] The slider 141 at the bottom of the lower load-bearing beam 14 is slidably embedded in the T-slot, and this embedded fit plays a crucial guiding role. During the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the telescopic jack 2 to drive the lower load-bearing beam 14, the system is prone to lateral offset forces or irregular sliding resistance due to the objective existence of the large tonnage test load. The outer contour of the slider 141 fits perfectly with the internal cavity of the T-slot, ensuring that the slider 141 can only move strictly along the transverse arc-shaped sliding trajectory planned by the T-slot. The sidewall of the T-slot effectively resists and disperses the transverse shear force generated by the lower load-bearing beam 14 during sliding, preventing the slider 141 from laterally slipping or structural torsion on the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail. This ensures that the horizontal or near-horizontal driving force applied by the telescopic jack 2 can be smoothly and stably converted into effective displacement of the lower load-bearing beam 14 along the arc.

[0045] The sliding block 141, slidably embedded within the T-slot, also provides strong restraint on the lateral arc-shaped sliding trajectory of the lower load-bearing beam 14. The T-slot has a large internal cavity and a narrow top opening, providing vertical pull-out resistance and preventing detachment of the sliding block 141. During multi-level angle and heavy-load cross-combined tests on the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101, dynamic changes in load distribution can easily cause the lower load-bearing beam 14 to experience upward reverse tensile force or overturning moment. Under this stress environment, the upper wing surface of the sliding block 141 is tightly hooked by the inwardly extending edge at the top of the T-slot, thus firmly confining the sliding block 141 within the guide channel. This restraint mechanism prevents the lower load-bearing beam 14 from vertically detaching from the arc-shaped guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail or from unstable jumping and tilting when under stress.

[0046] Finally, the combined operation of this embedded guiding and limiting mechanism ensures the smooth and safe adjustment of the lower load-bearing beam 14 during the transverse bridge angle adjustment. With the cooperation of the slider 141 and the T-slot, the entire arc-shaped sliding adjustment action is smooth and continuous, avoiding the risk of structural damage caused by deviation of the sliding trajectory or dislodging of the core load-bearing component. This invention maintains the consistency of the geometric dimensions of the connecting frame 1, ensures the stability of the spatial coordinates of the test center point, and protects the acquisition of relevant test data from interference by irregular slippage of the equipment itself, thereby improving the reliability of mechanical data verification.

[0047] In some embodiments, an anchor 3 for connecting the steel strand 102 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the lower load-bearing beam 14. The anchor 3 forms a strong tensile support point in the lower region of the test device. When conducting large-tonnage load-bearing capacity verification tests on the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101, it is necessary to rely on the steel strand 102 to apply and transmit the huge lifting load to the overall test frame. Fixing the anchor 3 for connecting the steel strand 102 at the bottom end of the lower load-bearing beam 14 ensures that the steel strand 102 is securely locked and always maintained on the predetermined tensile force axis. The fixed anchor 3 has excellent pull-out bearing capacity and high connection stiffness, and can easily cope with the static tensile load in multi-level loading tests without loosening. As the test load gradually increases, the huge tension load will be transmitted downward along the steel strand 102 to the bottom interface of the lower load-bearing beam 14. This clear and single stress anchoring node ensures that tensile loads can be safely received and absorbed by the lower support system, maintaining the tension of the steel strand 102 as it undergoes changes in longitudinal and transverse bridge angles.

[0048] The bearing surface at the top of the upper load-bearing beam 10 and the anchor 3 at the bottom of the lower load-bearing beam 14 form opposing force-bearing surfaces, together constructing a closed-loop and stable loading test link for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101. With the combined effect of the upper support and the lower stable anchoring, the load inside the test system can form a smooth stress transmission chain between the cable clamp 100, the steel strand 102, the upper load-bearing beam 10, and the lower load-bearing beam 14. This clear interface configuration standard reduces the operational difficulty of assembling and debugging the large test components on-site, providing solid structural support for composite force testing under multi-level angle changes. During the dynamic process of the relevant mechanisms driving the lower load-bearing beam 14 to move at varying angles and adjusting the tilting posture of the upper load-bearing beam 10, the force-bearing interfaces at both ends can maintain a stable state of support and locking, preventing dangerous positional deviation of the tested component during spatial posture changes. This robust connection system ensures that the relevant data acquisition equipment can continuously obtain objective and accurate mechanical data during long-term, large-span loading tests, laying a solid structural foundation for the scientific assessment of the equipment's load-bearing capacity.

[0049] In some embodiments, a lateral connecting lug 132 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the lower load-bearing beam 14, and the telescopic jack 2 is arranged along a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction on one side of the lower load-bearing beam 14. The piston rod of the telescopic jack 2 is rotatably connected to the lateral connecting lug 132 through a hinge shaft.

[0050] The design specifies that a lateral connecting lug 132 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the lower load-bearing beam 14. This structure establishes a dedicated load-bearing connection node outside the main structure of the lower load-bearing beam 14. During the variable angle loading test of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101, the main area of ​​the lower load-bearing beam 14 needs to bear a huge vertical tensile load, making it more reasonable to reserve its bottom core space mainly for components that bear the main tensile force. Fixing the connection node in the form of a lateral connecting lug 132 on the side wall of the lower load-bearing beam 14 reasonably distinguishes the transmission paths of lateral driving force and vertical bearing force, avoiding interference of lateral pushing and pulling actions on the main load-bearing link. At the same time, the lateral connecting lug 132, with its stable connection to the side wall of the lower load-bearing beam 14, can evenly distribute and introduce the concentrated driving force at a single point into the overall frame of the lower load-bearing beam 14, improving the local deformation resistance stiffness and structural safety of the lower load-bearing beam 14 when facing lateral forces.

[0051] This invention specifies that the telescopic jack 2 is arranged horizontally or approximately horizontally on one side of the lower support beam 14. During the sliding of the lower support beam 14 along the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail, the displacement of the lower support beam 14 mainly exhibits a lateral amplitude variation. By arranging the telescopic jack 2, which provides the driving force, in a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction, the axial thrust or pull force applied by the telescopic jack 2 maintains a high degree of overlap with the force direction of the lateral movement of the lower support beam 14. This dynamic arrangement, which conforms to the motion trend, improves the transmission efficiency of driving energy and reduces unnecessary vertical force interference. If the applied vertical force is too large, it can easily cause the lower support beam 14 to be forcibly squeezed downwards during sliding, increasing the frictional resistance of the contact surface, or generate an upward pulling force, thus posing a risk of detachment from the arc guide surface 131. The arrangement along the horizontal or near-horizontal direction ensures a smooth and stable sliding adjustment process. At the same time, this side-by-side spatial layout reduces the longitudinal space occupancy rate at the bottom of the test device, making the overall layout of the connecting frame 1 more compact and reasonable.

[0052] This invention clarifies that the piston rod of the telescopic jack 2 is rotatably connected to the lateral connecting lug 132 via a hinge shaft. In a dynamic simulation test of the transverse bridge angle, the lower supporting beam 14 slides along the arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail, and its spatial tilt posture undergoes continuous rotational changes as the sliding position changes. Since the telescopic jack 2 is arranged horizontally or approximately horizontally, if the two are rigidly fixed, the posture change of the lower supporting beam 14 will directly apply a lateral bending moment to the piston rod of the telescopic jack 2, thereby causing component damage or movement stagnation. The rotational connection interface constructed by the hinge shaft gives the piston rod and the lateral connecting lug 132 the freedom to freely adjust the relative angle. When the lower supporting beam 14 deflects on the arc trajectory, the hinge shaft can adaptively rotate to absorb this posture difference, ensuring that the telescopic jack 2 always only bears axial pushing and pulling forces, preventing the generation of destructive lateral stress.

[0053] In summary, this force transmission system, jointly constructed by the lateral connecting lug 132, the horizontally or near-horizontally arranged telescopic jacks 2, and the hinge shaft, ensures the amplitude variation safety of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system test device during loading tests. This structural system guarantees the smooth transmission of driving motion, reduces the risk of fatigue damage to large components during reciprocating sliding, and lays a solid foundation for obtaining accurate and objective mechanical evaluation data.

[0054] In some embodiments, the testing apparatus is further equipped with a sensor assembly for collecting mechanical test data. The sensor assembly includes a strain gauge and a hydraulic pressure sensor. The strain gauge is attached to the outer surface of the connecting frame 1, and the hydraulic pressure sensor is connected to the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack 2.

[0055] The test apparatus is equipped with sensor components for collecting mechanical test data. During the operation of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system test apparatus, the structural components will bear large-tonnage multi-directional composite loads. By configuring sensor components for collecting mechanical test data, the apparatus has the ability to acquire various stress and load parameters in real time, ensuring the traceability of data and the basis for scientific evaluation during the test process. Specifically, the sensor components include strain gauges and hydraulic pressure sensors. This combination covers two important dimensions: monitoring structural surface deformation and monitoring drive pipeline pressure, forming a multi-dimensional quantitative monitoring network.

[0056] This invention explicitly specifies that strain gauges are attached to the outer surface of the connecting frame 1. On one hand, the connecting frame 1 serves as the reaction force support and foundation during the overall testing process; under multi-level loads and changes in spatial angles, a complex stress distribution will occur within it. Attaching the strain gauges to the outer surface of the connecting frame 1 allows for real-time sensing and recording of the microscopic deformation of the load-bearing skeleton under different test conditions. Through this real-time collected strain data, testers can intuitively grasp the overall stress state and load-bearing margin of the connecting frame 1, preventing insignificant yielding or instability of the load-bearing skeleton during heavy-load tests, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the testing platform itself.

[0057] This invention specifies that the hydraulic pressure sensor is connected to the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack 2. During the dynamic adjustment of the cross-bridge angle, the telescopic jack 2 is required for driving. The hydraulic pressure sensor, directly connected in series or parallel to the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack 2, can dynamically acquire the fluid pressure values ​​inside the pipeline throughout the entire process. According to the working principle of the hydraulic system, the pipeline pressure and the push-pull force output by the telescopic jack 2 are positively correlated. Therefore, the pressure data collected by the hydraulic pressure sensor can be used to calculate in real time the system resistance and lateral force overcome when driving the load-bearing component to move along the slide. These data not only reflect the working stability and power output state of the telescopic jack 2 itself, but also indirectly verify the smoothness of the overall test device during the angle adjustment process.

[0058] In summary, the multi-point coordinated operation of the strain gauges and hydraulic pressure sensors constructs a comprehensive operational status monitoring system for the testing device of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system. This system ensures that every step of the loading test is within a controlled and observable range, guaranteeing that all data used to evaluate the system's load-bearing capacity and rotational performance are accurate, detailed, and objective.

[0059] In some embodiments, the connecting frame 1 is made of high-strength steel profiles connected together, and each adjacent steel profile is fixed by high-strength bolts or by full welding to withstand the loading test force of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101.

[0060] This invention explicitly specifies that the upright 11, diagonal connecting rod 17, upper chord beam 16, load-bearing vertical rod 18, horizontal rod 19, upper load-bearing beam 10, slide lower chord beam 13, and lower load-bearing beam 14 are all high-strength steel structural components. During the operation of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 test device, the above components together form the core support frame for bearing the main tensile force and lateral component force of the test. The use of high-strength steel in these components gives the load-bearing frame itself excellent yield strength and tensile / compressive stiffness. Under heavy loads, the high-strength steel can effectively resist the stress impact caused by heavy pulling and pressing, preventing significant plastic deformation or deflection changes in the upright 11, diagonal connecting rod 17, upper chord beam 16, load-bearing vertical rod 18, horizontal rod 19, upper load-bearing beam 10, slide lower chord beam 13, and lower load-bearing beam 14, thereby maintaining the accuracy of the overall spatial coordinates and the consistency of the shape of the test device.

[0061] This invention specifies that adjacent steel structural members are fixed together using high-strength bolts. During multi-directional variable-angle combined tests, the various nodes of the test apparatus face complex stress alternation and shear force challenges. The high-strength bolt fixing method establishes a strong pre-tightening friction force between the contact surfaces of adjacent steel structural members. This pre-tightening force ensures that the stressed nodes do not loosen or slip under reciprocating dynamic loads. Through this fastening method, localized concentrated stress can be smoothly transferred to adjacent steel structural members through the wide contact nodes, reducing the risk of fatigue damage caused by stress concentration at the connection and ensuring that the connecting frame 1 maintains a robust and stable connection state during multiple, long-term test tasks.

[0062] This invention also covers the process specifications for using full-welded fixed connections between adjacent steel components. Full-welded fixed connections enable deep fusion of the metal layers at the joints of adjacent steel components, splicing the originally independent rods and beams into a continuously stressed whole. Full-welded fixed connections avoid the weak points that are easily generated at spot welds or intermittent welds, significantly improving the bending section modulus and torsional resistance of the component connection sections. When the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 applies a complex multi-directional tensile force in space, the fully-welded fixed connection nodes can stably transmit the comprehensive load, including axial force, lateral shear force, and multi-dimensional bending moment, ensuring that the load is smoothly distributed to the load-bearing vertical rods 18 and horizontal rods 19, etc., enhancing the resistance of the frame nodes to ultimate tensile stress.

[0063] Finally, the selection of high-strength steel and the combined application of high-strength bolt fixing or full welding fixing technology jointly meet the core requirement of bearing the load test force of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101. When the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 undergoes the overload condition verification specified in the outline, the generated load test force poses a rigorous test to the damage resistance threshold of the test equipment. This combined system ensures that the test skeleton maintains structural integrity under test forces approaching the material yield strength, and will not cause test accidents due to the fracture of load-bearing components or tearing of joints. This high-rigidity and high-strength support system constrains the elastic yield of the test device itself, ensuring that the load test force can be applied to the tested integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 in a sufficient and stable manner, ensuring the objectivity and authenticity of test data such as strain and pressure, and providing a solid structural support for safety assessment.

[0064] In some embodiments, a limit baffle is also provided on the upper load-bearing beam 10 to prevent it from being adjusted to a set angle α with the horizontal plane. max When the cable clamp is tilted, it slides down and shifts.

[0065] The sleeve of the cable clamp is generally made of two semi-circular arc plates connected by bolts. The tightening force of the bolts can ensure that the sleeve does not move down after the upper load-bearing beam 10 tilts. To improve reliability, the present invention adds a limit baffle to prevent the sleeve from sliding down and causing the horizontal hinge shaft 103 to also slide down and move down.

[0066] In the test apparatus of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system, a limiting baffle was added to the corresponding area of ​​the upper load-bearing beam 10, providing crucial spatial position constraints for the entire structural system. When the operator adjusts the posture of the upper load-bearing beam 10 to a set angle α with the horizontal plane... maxWhen the beam is tilted, under the influence of the heavy load tension and the downward component of its own weight along the inclined plane, the cable clamps mounted on the cylindrical support portion 1001 of the upper supporting beam 10 tend to slide down the slope. At this time, the limiting baffle can apply a strong blocking reaction force to the end of the cable clamp, ensuring that the cable clamp is stably fixed at the predetermined design coordinate on the cylindrical support portion 1001, and preventing any unexpected positional displacement of the cable clamp under heavy pressure.

[0067] This precise spatial positioning provides significant geometric constraints, most notably ensuring that the horizontal hinge shaft 103 inside the cable clamp remains in place. Since the cable clamp's sleeve is coaxially mounted on the cylindrical receiving part 1001, and the horizontal hinge shaft 103 is rotatably mounted on the sleeve, once the cable clamp is securely fixed by the limiting baffle, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the horizontal hinge shaft 103 are tightly locked. This in-situ retention ensures that the arc of the circular guide surface 131 at the bottom of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail remains concentric with the center of the horizontal hinge shaft 103. In complex spatial force simulations, the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail is fixedly mounted on the support frame, and its circular guide surface 131 has a fixed geometric centerline. Because the limiting baffle prevents the cable clamp from sliding down, the horizontal hinge shaft 103 does not deviate with the tilting posture, thus establishing the concentricity between the upper bearing rotation center and the lower arc sliding center.

[0068] Furthermore, when the horizontal hinge shaft 103 remains in place and the arc of the circular guide surface 131 remains colinear with the center of the horizontal hinge shaft 103, the rigor of the lateral sliding test of the lower load-bearing beam 14 on the circular guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide is fully guaranteed. During the process of the load-bearing beam 14 sliding along the circular guide surface 131 to change the transverse bridge angle under the piston rod drive of the telescopic jack 2, the geometric center of the sliding trajectory coincides with the upper tension bearing center. This geometrical coincidence allows for true independent decoupling between the longitudinal bridge tilt adjustment and the transverse bridge sliding amplitude. If at a set angle α with the horizontal plane... max When the cable clamp slides down in an inclined state, the center of the horizontal hinge shaft 103 will deviate from the geometric center line of the arc guide surface 131, resulting in an excessive eccentricity and an unexpected lateral torsional force when the lower load-bearing beam 14 slides on the arc guide surface 131. The blocking effect of the limiting baffle cuts off the path of this eccentricity error.

[0069] Furthermore, the limiting baffle maintains the stability of the component's position, providing robust experimental boundary support for the accurate acquisition of mechanical test data. Since the cable clamp does not experience instantaneous slippage or jerking when tilted, the stress transmission path within the entire connecting frame 1 remains smooth. The large tonnage tensile force transmitted upwards by the lower load-bearing beam 14 can stably converge at the rotation center of the horizontal hinge shaft 103, preventing dynamic impact components caused by load slippage. This allows the strain gauges arranged on the outer surface of the connecting frame 1 and the hydraulic pressure sensor connected to the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack 2 to continuously and stably sense and record the test device at the set angle α. max The stress distribution and hydraulic parameters at the time ensured that the obtained load-bearing capacity and rotational performance verification data had objective and authentic technical reference value. Meanwhile, the structural intervention of the limit baffle reduced the potential risk of component detachment under heavy load tilting, improving the overall safety margin of the graded loading test process.

[0070] According to another aspect of the present invention, a test method for the test apparatus of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 is also provided, comprising the following steps: 1) The cable clamp of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is inserted into the cylindrical receiving part 1001 of the upper load-bearing beam 10. The fixed shell of the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is fixed on the connecting frame 1. The upper end of the steel strand 102 is passed through the piston rod of the through-hole jack and then anchored to the piston rod of the through-hole jack. The lower end of the steel strand 102 is anchored to the lower load-bearing beam 14. The strain gauges are attached to the outer surfaces of the connecting frame 1 and the cable clamp, and a hydraulic pressure sensor is installed on the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack 2. 2) Each end of the upper load-bearing beam 10 is respectively inserted through the pin shaft 15 into the pin hole at the corresponding height on the upright, so that the upper load-bearing beam 10 is horizontal, then the longitudinal angle α = 0° at this time. 3) Apply load using the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system, and then set a time for static loading after the load is applied in stages to the target load. 4) The telescopic jack 2 drives the lower supporting beam 14 to slide along the convex arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail, so that the angle between the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system and the vertical plane, i.e. the transverse bridge angle β, reaches the set value; check the state of the load-bearing components of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system, the rotation flexibility of the cable clamp, and the working condition of the hydraulic system of the through-hole jack and the telescopic jack 2 during the test, and collect strain and pressure data simultaneously; 5) Repeat step 4), after traversing all the set transverse bridge angle conditions, perform graded unloading, unload to zero, and then let it stand for a set time. 6) Move the pins 15 at both ends of the upper load-bearing beam 10 to the pin holes at another height on the upright, so that the upper load-bearing beam 10 is adjusted to be tilted at a set angle αmax with the horizontal plane. At this time, the included angle α in the longitudinal direction of the bridge is αmax. 7) Execute step 3), then repeat step 4), after traversing all the set transverse bridge angle conditions, perform graded unloading, unload to zero and then let stand for a set time. 8) Compile all working condition data. Based on the collected strain and pressure data, evaluate the hoisting load capacity and spatial rotation performance of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system. If the stress of the cable clamp is less than the material yield strength under all angle working conditions, and the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system has no leakage or pressure loss, then the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is deemed qualified.

[0071] In step 1) of this test method, the cable clamp 100 of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 is threaded onto the cylindrical support portion 1001 of the upper load-bearing beam 10, and the upper end of the steel strand 102 is passed through the piston rod of the through-hole jack and anchored to the piston rod of the through-hole jack. The lower end of the steel strand 102 is anchored to the lower load-bearing beam 14. This operation establishes a clear and stable load-bearing link in the early stages of testing. The cable clamp 100 can accommodate multi-dimensional angular rotation, and its threading onto the cylindrical support portion 1001 of the upper load-bearing beam 10 provides a wide and smooth contact support, allowing the upper connection node to have a smooth degree of freedom of rotation. The lower end of the steel strand 102 is anchored to the lower load-bearing beam 14, ensuring that the tensile load can be accurately and sufficiently transmitted downwards. Simultaneously, the strain gauges are attached to the outer surfaces of the connecting frame 1 and the cable clamp 100, and the hydraulic pressure sensor is installed on the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack 2. This multi-point sensor arrangement enables the entire system to monitor minute deformations and internal fluid pressure in real time, providing hardware support for data tracking throughout the entire process.

[0072] Next, step 2) of the method establishes the initial zero-point boundary for the test. Each end of the upper load-bearing beam 10 is inserted through a pin 15 into a corresponding height pin hole on the upright 11, setting the longitudinal bridge angle α to 0°. This operation creates a vertical tensile state free from longitudinal deflection interference, facilitating the collection of initial data for each load-bearing component under pure axial load by the test personnel. This establishes a clear and unbiased benchmark for subsequent force comparison under multi-dimensional variable angle environments.

[0073] After proceeding to step 3), this invention employs a combined testing method of graded loading and multi-level transverse bridge angle adjustment. This matrix-style verification approach covers a wider range of stress conditions. The load is applied using the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101, ensuring the test load originates from the actual operating equipment itself, thus enhancing the objectivity of the simulation. The step-by-step loading to the target load followed by a set time of stillness provides the necessary time buffer for stress redistribution in the steel structure and for sensor readings to stabilize, ensuring the representativeness of the collected data. Once the load stabilizes, the telescopic jack 2 drives the lower supporting beam 14 to slide along the convex arc guide surface 131 of the lower chord beam 13 of the slide rail, causing the transverse bridge angle β of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 to reach the set value. This process reproduces the swaying force caused by changes in lateral spacing during suspension bridge construction, and the arc guide surface 131 restricts the sliding trajectory, ensuring smooth and controlled angle adjustment. Under this combined condition, the condition of the load-bearing components of the lifting system, the 100-degree rotation flexibility of the cable clamp, and the working condition of the hydraulic system are checked during the testing process. Strain and pressure data are collected simultaneously. This enables the testing platform to fully capture the coordinated feedback and strength performance of the internal components in an environment of high load and spatial amplitude.

[0074] Subsequently, step 5) stipulates that after sequentially traversing all the set transverse bridge angle conditions, a graded unloading process is performed, unloading to zero and then allowing the component to stand for a set time. This unloading and settling process helps to examine the elastic recovery of the component after undergoing heavy load tension. By analyzing the strain gauge drop data after settling, it is possible to determine whether the component has experienced irreversible plastic deformation or residual internal stress due to overload, ensuring a deep assessment of the material's fatigue resistance properties.

[0075] In steps 6) to 8), the present invention further broadens the testing scope. The pins 15 at both ends of the upper load-bearing beam 10 are moved to pin holes at another height on the upright 11, causing the longitudinal bridge angle α to switch to its maximum value. max The graded loading and variable angle testing process was then repeated. At this point, longitudinal tilt along the bridge direction and lateral sway across the bridge direction coexisted, creating a multi-dimensional spatial angle composite working condition. This stage of repeated testing thoroughly verified the shear and torsional resistance thresholds of the cable clamp 100 under this extreme torsional posture, ensuring that the equipment's verification scope covered the entire operational boundary.

[0076] Finally, by compiling data from all operating conditions and based on the collected strain and pressure data, the lifting capacity of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system and the spatial rotation performance of the cable clamp 100 were evaluated. The solution provides an intuitive quantitative benchmark: if, under all operating conditions, the stress in the cable clamp is less than the material yield strength, and the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 shows no leakage or pressure loss, then the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system 101 is deemed qualified. The material yield strength, as a key indicator of a component's resistance to damage, confirms that the cable clamp 100 possesses sufficient safety load-bearing redundancy once the stress value remains within its limits. The determination of no leakage or pressure loss in the through-hole jack verifies the sealing integrity and long-term pressure-holding capacity of the power core. This rigorous data evaluation and conclusion-determination process transforms complex testing into objective and clear safety access indicators, providing a solid data-driven foundation for the practical application of large-scale lifting equipment in engineering projects.

[0077] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for an integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system, comprising a connecting frame and a telescopic jack, characterized in that: The connecting frame includes an upper load-bearing beam, multiple uprights, a support frame, a lower chord beam of the slide rail, and a lower load-bearing beam. Each upright is vertically mounted on the support frame. Each upright has multiple pin holes spaced apart along its height. Each end of the upper load-bearing beam has multiple connecting holes. One connecting hole at each end of the upper load-bearing beam is connected to one of the pin holes via a pin shaft to adjust the posture of the upper load-bearing beam. The upper load-bearing beam has a cylindrical receiving portion for attaching cable clamps. The cable clamps are packaged... The system includes a sleeve for coaxial mounting on the cylindrical receiving part and a horizontal hinge shaft rotatably mounted on the sleeve. The centerline of the horizontal hinge shaft intersects the centerline of the sleeve. There are two lower chord beams of the slide rail, arranged side-by-side with a gap between them. The lower chord beams are fixedly mounted on the support frame. The bottom of each lower chord beam has a downwardly convex arc-shaped guide surface. This guide surface is provided when the upper supporting beam is in a horizontal position and when the upper supporting beam is adjusted to a set angle α with the horizontal plane. max When the slide is tilted, the geometric center line of the arc guide surface coincides with the center line of the horizontal hinge axis, and the lower load-bearing beam is slidably installed on the arc guide surface of the lower chord beam of the slide. The fixed shell of the telescopic jack is hinged to the lower chord beam of the slide rail, the lower load-bearing beam is slidably mounted on the arc guide surface, and the piston rod of the telescopic jack is connected to the lower load-bearing beam to drive the lower load-bearing beam to slide along the arc guide surface.

2. The test apparatus for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an upper chord beam and diagonal connecting rods. The upper chord beams are horizontally connected to each of the uprights. The diagonal connecting rods are inclined and their two ends are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the upright and the end of the upper chord beam, respectively. The uprights, the diagonal connecting rods, and the upper chord beam together form a portal frame with a triangular stable structure to provide reaction force support during the test.

3. The test apparatus for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame includes multiple vertically arranged load-bearing vertical bars and horizontal bars connected between adjacent load-bearing vertical bars. The multiple load-bearing vertical bars and multiple horizontal bars are intertwined and fixedly connected to form a rigid platform. The lower chord beam of the slide is fixedly supported at the bottom of the rigid platform.

4. The test apparatus for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes inclined bracing, the bottom end of the upright is fixedly connected to the top end of the load-bearing vertical bar directly below, and the inclined ends of the bracing are fixedly connected to the upright and the horizontal bar, so as to enhance the overall deformation resistance stiffness between the upper and lower frame structures.

5. The test apparatus for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A T-groove is machined on the arc guide surface of the lower chord beam of the slide rail along the arc sliding trajectory. The lower load-bearing beam is slidably mounted on the arc guide surface by a slider, which is slidably embedded in the T-groove to guide and limit the transverse arc sliding trajectory of the lower load-bearing beam.

6. The test apparatus for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the lower load-bearing beam is fixedly equipped with an anchor for connecting the steel strands.

7. The test apparatus for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lateral connecting lug is fixedly installed on the side wall of the lower load-bearing beam. The telescopic jack is arranged along the horizontal or near-horizontal direction on one side of the lower load-bearing beam. The piston rod of the telescopic jack is rotatably connected to the lateral connecting lug through a hinge shaft.

8. The test apparatus for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing device is also equipped with a sensor assembly for collecting mechanical test data. The sensor assembly includes a strain gauge and a hydraulic pressure sensor. The strain gauge is attached to the outer surface of the connecting frame, and the hydraulic pressure sensor is connected to the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack.

9. The test apparatus for the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limit baffle is also provided on the upper load-bearing beam to prevent it from being adjusted to a set angle α with the horizontal plane. max When the cable clamp is tilted, it slides down and shifts.

10. The test method for the test apparatus of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) The cable clamp of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is inserted into the cylindrical receiving part of the upper load-bearing beam. The fixed shell of the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is fixed on the connecting frame. The upper end of the steel strand is passed through the piston rod of the through-hole jack and then anchored to the piston rod of the through-hole jack. The lower end of the steel strand is anchored to the lower load-bearing beam. The strain gauges are attached to the outer surfaces of the connecting frame and the cable clamp, and a hydraulic pressure sensor is installed on the hydraulic circuit of the telescopic jack. 2) Insert each end of the upper load-bearing beam into the corresponding pin holes on the upright through pin shafts, so that the upper load-bearing beam is horizontal, then the longitudinal angle α = 0° at this time; 3) Apply load using the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system, and then set a time for static loading after the load is applied in stages to the target load. 4) The telescopic jack drives the lower load-bearing beam to slide along the convex arc guide surface of the lower chord beam of the slide rail, so that the angle between the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system and the vertical plane, i.e., the transverse bridge angle β, reaches the set value; check the state of the load-bearing components of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system, the rotation flexibility of the cable clamp, and the hydraulic system conditions of the through-hole jack and the telescopic jack during the test, and collect strain and pressure data simultaneously; 5) Repeat step 4), after traversing all the set transverse bridge angle conditions, perform graded unloading, unload to zero and then let stand for a set time. 6) Move the pins at both ends of the upper load-bearing beam to pin holes at another height on the upright, so that the upper load-bearing beam is adjusted to form a set angle α with the horizontal plane. max The bridge is in a tilted state, at which point the included angle α along the bridge direction is α = α max ; 7) Execute step 3), then repeat step 4), after traversing all the set transverse bridge angle conditions, perform graded unloading, unload to zero and then let stand for a set time. 8) Compile all working condition data, and based on the collected strain and pressure data, evaluate the hoisting load-bearing capacity and spatial rotation performance of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system. If, under all angle conditions, the stress of the cable clamp is less than the material yield strength, and the through-hole jack of the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system has no leakage or pressure loss, then the integrated heavy-duty vertical lifting system is deemed qualified.

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