Intelligent perception skeleton-based thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application provides a thin-wall pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing framework and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of construction safety control. The device comprises an adaptive control system seat and an intelligent monitoring template unit. The adaptive control system seat is internally provided with an adaptive positioning and inclination detector; the intelligent monitoring template unit is internally provided with a monitoring positioning and inclination detector, a temperature sensor and a stress sensor, and the sensors are connected to form an intelligent sensing framework system through segmented fixed pipes. The application realizes multi-source parameter collaborative sensing in the whole construction process through the intelligent sensing framework system, automatically levels and corrects the deviation of the first hydraulic system according to the monitoring data, timely warns the over-limit condition, forms a closed-loop control, and the intelligent monitoring template unit is modularly spliced, which is convenient for quick disassembly and turnover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction safety control technology, specifically to a thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing framework and its usage method. It is particularly suitable for adaptive correction control, layered pouring status monitoring, multi-source sensor information collaborative perception, and dynamic early warning of construction safety during the construction process of thin-walled piers. It also provides experimental basis and data support for the design optimization, real-time control of the construction process, and long-term structural safety assessment of the thin-walled pier construction safety control system. Background Technology

[0002] During the concrete pouring construction of thin-walled piers, the formwork system is subjected to enormous lateral pressure and is also affected by various factors such as temperature changes, uneven concrete pouring speed, and foundation settlement, making it highly susceptible to safety accidents such as formwork tilting, deformation, and even collapse. Therefore, how to achieve real-time monitoring and adaptive control of key parameters such as tilting, stress, and temperature of the formwork system during the construction of thin-walled piers has become a pressing technical challenge in this field.

[0003] Currently, there are several existing technical solutions for monitoring the construction of thin-walled piers. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN221589300U discloses an intelligent safety formwork for piers with stress monitoring and maintenance functions. This method involves installing a stress detector on the inner wall of the pier top to detect stress data, but it cannot provide comprehensive monitoring of multiple locations within the formwork. Other solutions propose setting up an array of sensors on the formwork body to achieve verticality detection. Still other solutions involve arranging pressure, displacement, and three-dimensional positioning sensors inside the intelligent steel formwork, connecting to a construction monitoring platform via a wireless transmission module. Furthermore, for the construction of thin-walled hollow high piers, there are also intelligent slipform systems for formwork, which monitor the construction process by installing jack stroke monitoring components on the support rods.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies still have many shortcomings. First, the sensors of existing monitoring devices are mostly scattered throughout the formwork, lacking effective physical connections and collaborative working mechanisms between the sensors, making it difficult to form a unified sensing network, resulting in insufficient systematicity and reliability of the monitoring data. Second, after detecting abnormalities such as formwork tilt, existing devices often only issue alarm signals, lacking the ability to actively adjust the formwork system and cannot correct the formwork's posture deviation in real time during construction. Third, existing monitoring devices lack standardized quick-connect and disassembly structures between formwork units, resulting in low assembly and disassembly efficiency and difficulty in adapting to the technological requirements of layered casting construction of thin-walled piers. Finally, in existing technologies, the monitoring sensors for parameters such as temperature, stress, and tilt are usually set up independently, with low integration and a lack of a unified signal transmission and management architecture.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a construction safety monitoring device for thin-walled piers based on an intelligent sensing framework and its usage method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, particularly the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention utilizes an adaptive positioning tilt detector and a monitoring positioning tilt detector to collect template pose data in real time. The height of the stabilizing frame unit is precisely adjusted via a first hydraulic system to achieve automatic leveling, which is then mechanically locked by a fixed knob unit. Temperature and stress sensors continuously monitor changes in template lateral pressure and hydration heat temperature, issuing an immediate warning when the monitored data reaches a safety threshold. All sensors are connected via segmented fixed pipes to form a unified intelligent sensing framework system, enabling collaborative sensing, closed-loop control, and data storage and analysis of multi-source parameters throughout the construction process. This effectively solves the inherent defects of existing technologies, such as isolated and dispersed sensors, lack of adaptive correction capabilities, and inability to achieve layered pouring and step-by-step monitoring. It provides technical equipment and experimental evidence integrating precise leveling, multi-parameter collaborative sensing, dynamic early warning, and adaptive control for the safety control of thin-walled pier construction.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical means: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a construction safety monitoring device for thin-walled piers based on an intelligent sensing skeleton, which includes a construction safety monitoring module. The bottom of the construction safety monitoring module is provided with an adaptive control system seat. An intelligent monitoring template unit is inserted and fixed on the upper part of the adaptive control system seat. The adaptive control system seat and the intelligent monitoring template unit can be separated or spliced ​​together. Separate monitoring mounting frames are provided on the sides of both the adaptive control system seat and the intelligent monitoring template unit. The adaptive control system base includes a stabilizer unit and an adaptive unit at the bottom of the stabilizer unit. A first hydraulic system for supporting the stabilizer unit is installed on both sides of the long side of the adaptive unit. An adaptive positioning tilt detector is installed on both sides of the long side inside the stabilizer unit through a separate monitoring mounting bracket. The intelligent monitoring module unit includes a monitoring main frame. Inside the main frame, on both sides of the long side, monitoring positioning tilt detectors are installed via separate monitoring mounting brackets. Inside the main frame, on both sides of the short side, temperature sensors and stress sensors are installed via separate monitoring mounting brackets. A detection and protection unit is provided around the inner perimeter of the monitoring main frame. The adaptive positioning tilt detector, the monitoring positioning tilt detector, the temperature sensor, and the stress sensor are connected by segmented fixed tubes to form an intelligent sensing skeleton system.

[0008] Optionally, the stabilizer unit is provided with fixing bolt holes around its perimeter, and a slot is provided in the middle of the stabilizer unit. A stabilizer plate is inserted into the slot. Monitoring installation through holes are provided on both sides of the long side of the stabilizer plate. Monitoring installation ports are provided on both sides of the long side of the stabilizer unit. When installing the separate monitoring mounting bracket, the separate monitoring mounting bracket is inserted into the monitoring installation port and the monitoring installation through hole in sequence.

[0009] Optionally, a fixing knob unit is provided on the side of the stabilizing frame unit. The fixing knob unit includes a knob frame, a threaded rod at the front end of the knob frame, and a clamping head at the front end of the threaded rod. The clamping head is pressed tightly against the stabilizing plate.

[0010] Optionally, a first ball is provided at the bottom of the first hydraulic system, the first ball is nested in the upper part of the adaptive unit, a micro hydraulic pump is provided on the upper part of the first ball, a micro hydraulic shaft is installed on the upper part of the micro hydraulic pump, a second ball is installed on the upper part of the micro hydraulic shaft, and the second ball is nested in the bottom of the stabilizer unit.

[0011] Optionally, the adaptive unit has an embedded slot on its inner side, and the stabilizing plate is inserted into the embedded slot.

[0012] Optionally, a high-altitude storage base is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the monitoring main frame, and a fixed socket is provided at the bottom of the monitoring main frame.

[0013] Optionally, the upper part of the monitoring main frame is provided with a fixed slot, and a set of fixed sockets at the bottom of the monitoring main frame are used to insert into the fixed slots at the upper part of another set of the monitoring main frame. The outer side of the monitoring main frame is provided with reinforcing ribs, the inside of the detection and protection unit is equipped with a pressure sensor, and the inner side of the detection and protection unit is provided with a miniature electric push rod. The bottom of the monitoring main frame is provided with fixing bolts, which are used to insert into a set of fixing slots on the upper part of the monitoring main frame and pass through a set of fixing sockets at the bottom of the monitoring main frame.

[0014] Optionally, the monitoring and positioning tilt detector includes an external threaded connector, and a monitoring and positioning tilt sensor is provided at the front end of the connector.

[0015] Optionally, the detachable monitoring mounting bracket includes an internally threaded mounting tube with a fixing plate on the mounting tube.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for using a construction safety monitoring device for thin-walled piers based on an intelligent sensing framework, comprising the following steps: S1: According to the design drawings, first pour the base plate at the construction site, and then tie the steel reinforcement units on the upper part of the base plate. S2: Sensors are installed on the stabilizer unit via a separate monitoring mounting bracket. The sensors on the stabilizer unit include an adaptive positioning tilt detector. Sensors are also installed on the monitoring main frame via a separate monitoring mounting bracket. The sensors on the monitoring main frame include a monitoring positioning tilt detector, a temperature sensor, and a stress sensor. S3: Install two sets of stabilizer units and adaptive units on both sides of the chassis base. The four adaptive positioning tilt detectors start reading and analyzing position information. When the heights of two adaptive positioning tilt detectors in the same group are inconsistent, it indicates that the adaptive control system base is tilted forward and backward. When the heights of two adaptive positioning tilt detectors in different groups but on the same side are inconsistent, it indicates that the adaptive control system base is tilted left and right. Based on the analysis information, the first hydraulic system that controls the four independently operating systems starts to work, adjusts the stabilizer unit, controls the heights of the four adaptive positioning tilt detectors to be consistent, and then installs a fixing plate to fix the adaptive control system base to the chassis base. Insert the threaded rod of the fixing knob unit into the threaded hole on the side of the stabilizer unit, rotate the fixing knob unit, and press the stabilizer plate tightly through the clamping head at the front end of the fixing knob unit. S4: Layered installation of intelligent monitoring module units, assembled according to the design, the fixed socket is inserted into the fixed slot at the bottom and fixed by fixing bolts; S5: Each layer connects all sensors through segmented fixing tubes to form an intelligent sensing skeleton system; S6: After the intelligent monitoring template unit is installed, start pouring grout. After it has fully solidified, remove the intelligent monitoring template unit and the adaptive control system base from top to bottom. S7: During and after construction, the intelligent sensing skeleton system formed by various groups of sensors monitors tilt data, stress data and temperature data in real time. Based on the analysis results and the preset adjustment strategy, it generates adjustment instructions for the adaptive control system seat and intelligent monitoring template unit. When at least one monitoring tilt detector detects a tilt, the cause of the tilt must first be determined: If all intelligent monitoring template units on each layer tilt and the tilt direction and magnitude are the same, it is determined to be an overall tilt caused by uneven ground settlement, and the first hydraulic system at the bottom of the adaptive control system will actively level and correct the tilt. If only a single-layer intelligent monitoring template unit or a local multi-layer intelligent monitoring template unit tilts, it is determined to be a local stress deformation. The detection and protection unit in the tilt direction of the intelligent monitoring template unit is driven to push outward and press against the concrete surface to form a local mechanical lock to limit the deformation. At the same time, the early warning device is controlled to issue an audible and visual warning to remind the safety officer to check the cause on site and take external stress release measures. After the posture is stable, the detection and protection unit retracts and the lock is released. When the stress or temperature reaches the safety threshold, the control and early warning device issues an audible and visual warning and prompts the pouring to be slowed down or stopped. The automatic adjustment of the first hydraulic system is suspended, and the detection and protection unit switches to standby mode. Full-function monitoring is restored after the safety officer confirms that the hidden danger has been eliminated.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention constructs an intelligent sensing framework by connecting an adaptive positioning tilt detector, a monitoring positioning tilt detector, a temperature sensor, and a stress sensor via segmented fixed pipes. This framework establishes a three-level linkage closed loop: "bottom hydraulic leveling—layered tilt blocking—stress and temperature control." For overall rigid body tilting caused by uneven surface settlement, the bottom first hydraulic system is driven to actively level and correct the tilt. For single-layer non-uniform deformation caused by localized stress unevenness, the linkage detection and protection unit implements local active locking and coordinates with manual inspection to release stress. When stress or temperature reaches a threshold, the linkage construction system decelerates or stops pouring, enabling multi-source sensor data to be coupled with the execution mechanism in a timely manner. This achieves adaptive and collaborative control of thin-walled pier construction safety, providing a comprehensive and reliable data foundation for construction safety control.

[0018] 2. This invention employs modular intelligent monitoring template units, layered and spliced. Each layer is independently equipped with a monitoring and positioning tilt detector, temperature sensor, and stress sensor, enabling synchronous, step-by-step monitoring of the template position, lateral pressure, and hydration heat temperature of each layer during the layered pouring process. When tilting is detected, the controller first determines the cause: if the tilting direction and amplitude of each layer are consistent, it is determined to be an overall rigid body tilt, and the bottom four sets of first hydraulic systems implement differentiated correction, with each layer synchronously returning to normal through rigid locking; if only a single layer or local area tilts and the directions are inconsistent, it is determined to be local stress deformation, and the controller sequentially executes: driving the detection and protection unit in the tilting direction of that layer to push outward and press against the concrete surface to form a mechanical... Locking restricts further deformation; the control warning device issues an audible and visual warning, and the safety officer verifies on-site and takes stress relief measures; after the posture stabilizes, the detection protection unit retracts and releases the lock; when the stress or temperature reaches the safety threshold, the controller controls the warning device to issue an audible and visual warning and prompts deceleration or stopping pouring, suspends the automatic adjustment of the first hydraulic system to prevent stress concentration, and switches the detection protection unit to standby state to actively lock in case of tilting again; after the safety officer confirms that the hidden danger has been eliminated, full-function monitoring is restored; the above process is implemented with differentiated responses according to the cause, forming a closed-loop continuous process of "overall leveling, local locking, early warning constraint and standby protection", effectively preventing formwork bursting and concrete cracking. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention. Figure 2This is a front view of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive control system base of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is an installation diagram of the adaptive control system base of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a side view of the adaptive control system base of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of the adaptive control system base of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent monitoring template unit of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a top view of the intelligent monitoring template unit of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle; Figure 11 This is a side view of the intelligent monitoring template unit of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention; Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the intelligent monitoring template unit of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the main monitoring frame of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on intelligent sensing skeleton of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a side view of the main monitoring frame of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent sensing skeleton system of the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on the intelligent sensing skeleton of the present invention.

[0020] Numbering on the map: 1. Controller; 2. Adaptive control system base; 3. Intelligent monitoring template unit; 4. Fixing plate; 5. Separate monitoring mounting frame; 6. Chassis base; 7. Reinforcing steel unit; 8. Segmented fixing pipe; 21. Stabilizing frame unit; 22. Adaptive unit; 23. Stabilizing plate; 24. Adaptive positioning tilt detector; 25. Fixing knob unit; 31. Monitoring main frame; 32. High-altitude storage base; 33. Monitoring positioning tilt detector; 34. Temperature sensor; 35. Stress sensor; 36. Fixing socket; 37. Fixing bolt; 51. Mounting pipe; 52. 211. Fixed bracket; 212. Slot; 213. Monitoring installation port; 221. First hydraulic system; 222. Embedded groove; 231. Monitoring installation through port; 251. Knob bracket; 252. Threaded rod; 253. Clamping head; 311. Fixed slot; 312. Reinforcing rib; 313. Detection and protection unit; 331. Connecting pipe; 332. Monitoring positioning tilt sensor; 2211. First ball bearing; 2212. Miniature hydraulic pump; 2213. Miniature hydraulic shaft; 2214. Second ball bearing; 3131. Miniature electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Combination Figures 1 to 2 This embodiment provides a construction safety monitoring device for thin-walled piers based on an intelligent sensing skeleton, including a controller 1 and a construction safety monitoring module. The bottom of the construction safety monitoring module is provided with an adaptive control system base 2. An intelligent monitoring template unit 3 is inserted and fixed on the upper part of the adaptive control system base 2. The adaptive control system base 2 and the intelligent monitoring template unit 3 can be separated or spliced ​​together. When spliced, the adaptive control system base 2 and the intelligent monitoring template unit 3 are installed together by a fixing plate 4 installed on the side of the adaptive control system base 2. Both the adaptive control system base 2 and the intelligent monitoring template unit 3 are provided with a separate monitoring mounting frame 5 on their sides.

[0023] Combination Figures 3 to 7The adaptive control system base 2 includes a stabilizing frame unit 21 and an adaptive unit 22 at the bottom of the stabilizing frame unit 21. A first hydraulic system 221 for supporting the stabilizing frame unit 21 is installed on both sides of the long side of the adaptive unit 22. Adaptive positioning tilt detectors 24 are installed on both sides of the long side inside the stabilizing frame unit 21 via a separate monitoring mounting bracket 5. The stabilizing frame unit 21 has fixing bolt holes 211 around its perimeter and a slot 212 in its center. A stabilizing plate 23 is inserted into the slot 212. Monitoring installation through holes 231 are provided on both sides of the long side of the stabilizing plate 23, and monitoring installation ports 213 are provided on both sides of the long side of the stabilizing frame unit 21. When installing the separate monitoring mounting bracket 5, the separate monitoring mounting bracket 5 is inserted sequentially into the monitoring installation ports 213 and the monitoring installation through holes 231. A fixing knob unit 25 is provided on the side of the stabilizing frame unit 21. The fixing knob unit 25 includes a knob frame 251, and a threaded rod 252 is provided at the front end of the knob frame 251. A clamping head 253 is provided at the front end of the rod 252, and the clamping head 253 is pressed tightly against the stabilizing plate 23; a first ball bearing 2211 is provided at the bottom of the first hydraulic system 221, the first ball bearing 2211 is nested in the upper part of the adaptive unit 22, a micro hydraulic pump 2212 is provided on the upper part of the first ball bearing 2211, a micro hydraulic shaft 2213 is installed on the upper part of the micro hydraulic pump 2212, a second ball bearing 2214 is installed on the upper part of the micro hydraulic shaft 2213, and the second ball bearing 2214 is nested in the bottom of the stabilizing frame unit 21; an inner groove 222 is provided on the inner side of the adaptive unit 22, and the stabilizing plate 23 is inserted into the inner groove 222.

[0024] Combination Figures 8 to 14 The intelligent monitoring module unit 3 includes a monitoring main frame 31. Inside the main frame 31, on both sides of its long interior, monitoring positioning tilt detectors 33 are mounted via separate monitoring mounting brackets 5. Inside the main frame 31, on both sides of its short interior, temperature sensors 34 and stress sensors 35 are mounted via separate monitoring mounting brackets 5. Detection and protection units 313 are provided on the inner perimeter of the monitoring main frame 31. Figure 15 The adaptive positioning tilt detector 24, the monitoring positioning tilt detector 33, the temperature sensor 34 and the stress sensor 35 are connected by segmented fixing pipes 8 to form an intelligent sensing skeleton system.

[0025] A high-altitude storage base 32 is provided on the outer bottom of the monitoring main frame 31. A fixed socket 36 is provided at the bottom of the monitoring main frame 31. A fixed slot 311 is provided on the upper part of the monitoring main frame 31. One set of fixed sockets 36 at the bottom of the monitoring main frame 31 is used to insert into another set of fixed slots 311 on the upper part of the monitoring main frame 31. A reinforcing rib 312 is provided on the outer side of the monitoring main frame 31. A detection and protection unit 313 is provided on the inner side of the monitoring main frame 31. A pressure sensor is installed inside the detection and protection unit 313. A miniature electric push rod 3131 is provided on the side; a fixing bolt 37 is provided at the bottom of the monitoring main frame 31, the fixing bolt 37 is used to insert into a fixing slot 311 on the upper part of the monitoring main frame 31, and passes through a fixing socket 36 at the bottom of another set of monitoring main frames 31 to complete the locking; the monitoring positioning tilt detector 33 includes an external threaded pipe 331, and a monitoring positioning tilt sensor 332 is provided at the front end of the pipe 331; the detachable monitoring mounting bracket 5 includes an internal threaded mounting tube 51, and a fixing bracket plate 52 is provided on the mounting tube 51.

[0026] Furthermore, the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing framework in this embodiment aims to achieve efficient and precise control over the construction safety of thin-walled piers through multi-source sensor collaborative sensing, adaptive hydraulic dynamic correction, and full-process monitoring of layered pouring using the intelligent sensing framework system. The specific working principle is as follows: 1. System assembly and initial calibration status: First, assemble the stabilizing frame unit 21 and the adaptive unit 22 of the adaptive control system base 2 into place, and then insert the separate monitoring mounting bracket 5 into the monitoring mounting port 213 and the monitoring mounting through port 231 in sequence. Screw the adaptive positioning tilt detector 24, the monitoring positioning tilt detector 33, the temperature sensor 34, and the stress sensor 35 into each of the separate monitoring mounting brackets 5, ensuring that the extension length of each sensor is consistent. The sensors are connected sequentially through segmented fixing tubes 8 to form a complete intelligent sensing skeleton system. The device is powered by the controller 1 and coordinates the operation of each component. All sensors read the initial position information in real time and transmit it to the controller 1.

[0027] 2. Adaptive leveling and locking of the adaptive control system seat 2: After the adaptive control system base 2 is installed on both sides of the chassis base 6, the four adaptive positioning tilt detectors 24 begin to read position information in real time and transmit it to the controller 1 for analysis. When the heights of two adaptive positioning tilt detectors 24 in the same group are inconsistent, it indicates that the adaptive control system base 2 is tilted forward or backward; when the heights of two adaptive positioning tilt detectors 24 in different groups but on the same side are inconsistent, it indicates that the adaptive control system base 2 is tilted left or right. According to the analysis information, the controller 1 controls the four independently operating first hydraulic systems 221 to start, and the micro hydraulic pump 2212 drives the micro hydraulic shaft 2213 to extend and retract. Through the universal adjustment of the first ball 2211 and the second ball 2214, the height of the stabilizer unit 21 is precisely adjusted until the height data fed back by the four adaptive positioning tilt detectors 24 are completely consistent, realizing the horizontal self-calibration of the adaptive control system base 2. After leveling, the fixing plate 4 is added to fix the adaptive control system base 2 to the chassis base 6, and the threaded rod 252 of the fixing knob unit 25 is inserted into the threaded hole on the side of the stabilizer unit. Rotating the fixing knob unit 25 causes the clamping head 253 to press tightly against the stabilizer plate 23, completing the mechanical locking.

[0028] 3. Layered casting and layer-by-layer assembly of intelligent monitoring formwork unit 3: The thin-walled pier construction employs a layered casting process. The first-layer intelligent monitoring template unit 3 is inserted into the upper fixing slot 311 of the adaptive control system base 2 via a bottom fixing socket 36 and secured with fixing bolts 37. Subsequent layers of intelligent monitoring template units 3 are then added, with each layer's fixing socket 36 inserted into the lower layer's fixing slot 311 and secured with fixing bolts 37. This ensures alignment accuracy between adjacent layers and maintains rigid locking between each layer and the bottom, guaranteeing that the bottom leveling angle is fully transmitted to each layer. Four sets of detection and protection units 313 and a monitoring and positioning tilt detector 33 inside each layer's intelligent monitoring template unit 3 monitor the position and posture of that layer's template in real time. During the assembly process, each sensor in each layer is sequentially connected to the corresponding sensors in the upper and lower layers via segmented fixing pipes 8, ultimately connecting all sensors in series to form a unified intelligent sensing skeleton system, enabling collaborative sensing and centralized transmission of the position and posture information of all monitoring template units.

[0029] 4. Real-time monitoring of the concrete pouring process and the intelligent sensing framework system: After all intelligent monitoring formwork units 3 are installed, grout pouring begins. During the pouring process, the monitoring and positioning tilt detectors 33 distributed on each layer monitor the tilt angle and displacement changes of each layer's formwork unit in real time; the stress sensors 35 sense the lateral pressure and stress distribution borne by the formwork system in real time; and the temperature sensors 34 monitor the temperature changes caused by the heat of hydration of the concrete in real time. All sensor data are collected and fused to the controller 1 through the signal transmission lines inside the segmented fixed pipes 8.

[0030] 5. Adaptive correction and safety response mechanism: When controller 1 analyzes and finds that the tilt data detected by at least one monitoring and positioning tilt detector 33 exceeds a preset threshold, it first determines the cause of the tilt and then executes a differentiated response based on the cause type: (1) Overall rigid body tilt (uneven ground settlement) If the tilt direction and amplitude of the tilt detectors 33 at each layer are consistent, it is determined that the tilt is caused by uneven ground settlement, resulting in overall rigid body tilt. At this time, the controller 1 drives the four independently operating first hydraulic systems 221 at the bottom of the adaptive control system base 2 to implement differentiated correction. The micro hydraulic pump 2212 drives the micro hydraulic shaft 2213 to extend and retract independently, adjusting the height of the stabilizing frame unit 21. Since the intelligent monitoring template units 3 at each layer are rigidly locked to the bottom by the fixing bolts 37, the bottom leveling angle is completely transmitted to each layer, and all layers synchronously return to the correct position, restoring the overall verticality.

[0031] (2) Local stress deformation (single layer or local area tilt) If only a single-layer intelligent monitoring template unit 3 or a localized multi-layer intelligent monitoring template unit 3 tilts, it is determined to be a localized non-uniform deformation caused by changes in internal local stress. At this time, controller 1 executes the following sequential steps: Step 1: Local blocking and active locking Based on the data from the tilt detector 33 monitoring the layer, the controller 1 calculates the local tilt direction and sends an extension command to the miniature electric actuator 3131 inside the detection and protection unit 313 located in the tilt direction. The miniature electric actuator 3131 moves quickly, driving the detection and protection unit 313 to push outward in the horizontal direction until the pressure sensor embedded in the detection and protection unit 313 detects that the front end is in close contact with the poured concrete surface and reaches the preset pre-tightening force value, forming a transient active mechanical locking structure that rigidly restricts further deformation of the layer.

[0032] Step 2: Early Warning and Manual Investigation Controller 1 controls the early warning device to issue an audible and visual warning signal, indicating "abnormal local stress". The safety officer checks the cause of the tilt on site (including factors such as concrete pouring speed, rebar misalignment, and formwork splicing joints).

[0033] Step 3: External stress relief After confirming the cause on-site, external stress relief measures were taken, including local pressure relief, slowing down the pouring speed of the layer, or adjusting the discharge direction of the concrete placing machine.

[0034] Step 4: Unlock Once the stress has been released and the layer's posture has stabilized, the detection and protection unit 313 retracts automatically, releasing the local lock and restoring the system to normal monitoring status.

[0035] In localized stress deformation scenarios, when the detection and protection unit 313 is working normally, the miniature electric push rod 3131 is not locked. The pressure sensor monitors the contact force in real time, and the controller 1 dynamically fine-tunes the extension of the miniature electric push rod 3131 to ensure a constant contact force. If the localized stress is extremely high and the deformation exceeds the elastic margin of the detection and protection unit 313, the detection and protection unit 313 is squeezed and locked, becoming a rigid support column, completely locking the bulging trend and preventing further cracking or overall collapse of the formwork. At this time, the pressure sensor outputs an "over-range" signal, and the controller 1 immediately forces all pouring operations to stop and issues the highest-level alarm. A safety officer then carries an external hydraulic strut or jack to release the stress on-site.

[0036] While the aforementioned mechanical actions are being performed, when the tilt data exceeds the limit for the first time, controller 1 outputs a warning signal, prompting construction personnel to appropriately slow down the slurry delivery speed or suspend pouring. Only after the safety officer confirms the cause of the tilt on-site and eliminates the hidden danger, controller 1 releases the lock on the first hydraulic system 221, thus concluding the complete correction process.

[0037] 6. Stress and Temperature Over-Limit Response Mechanism: When the monitoring data from stress sensor 35 or temperature sensor 34 exceeds the preset safety threshold, controller 1 determines that the primary threat is abnormal concrete lateral pressure or hydration thermal stress, rather than structural tilting. Controller 1 first issues an audible and visual alarm, clearly stating "Stress or temperature abnormality, it is recommended to stop pouring"; secondly, it actively suspends the automatic adjustment function of the first hydraulic system 221 to prevent stress concentration due to structural disturbance; simultaneously, it activates all detection and protection units 313 to "standby" status. Once secondary tilting caused by stress or temperature abnormality reaches the preset threshold, the detection and protection units 313 can immediately execute an active locking procedure, forming the earliest physical protection line. After the on-site safety officer confirms that the abnormality has been eliminated, the constraints are manually or automatically released, and the system returns to full-function monitoring status.

[0038] 7. Demolding and Recycling: After the concrete has fully hardened to the required demolding strength, the intelligent monitoring formwork unit 3 is removed sequentially from top to bottom. When removing the intelligent monitoring formwork unit 3, first loosen the fixing bolts 37, then pull the upper monitoring main frame 31 out of the lower fixing slot 311. Next, dismantle the segmented fixing pipes 8 and each sensor in sections, completing the demolding layer by layer. Finally, remove the fixing plate 4 and fixing knob unit 25 of the adaptive control system base 2, and remove the adaptive control system base 2 from the chassis base 6. All units can be used for the next construction section after cleaning and maintenance.

[0039] 8. Long-term monitoring and data evaluation throughout the entire construction process: During and after construction, an intelligent sensing framework system composed of various sensor groups continuously monitors the tilt, stress, and temperature data of the thin-walled pier in real time. Controller 1 stores and analyzes the data throughout the process, generating a construction safety assessment report. This report provides experimental evidence and data support for the design optimization of the thin-walled pier construction safety control system, dynamic control of the construction process, and long-term structural safety assessment. When the monitored data triggers the safety threshold again, the system repeats the aforementioned adaptive correction and safety response process, thereby achieving full-process, multi-parameter, closed-loop dynamic control of the thin-walled pier construction safety.

[0040] Furthermore, the method of using the thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on the intelligent sensing framework includes the following steps: S1: According to the design drawings, first pour the base plate 6 at the construction site, and then tie the steel reinforcement unit 7 on the upper part of the base plate 6. S2: Sensors are installed on the stabilizer unit 21 via the separate monitoring mounting bracket 5. The sensors on the stabilizer unit 21 include an adaptive positioning tilt detector 24. Sensors are also installed on the monitoring main frame 31 via the separate monitoring mounting bracket 5. The sensors on the monitoring main frame 31 include a monitoring positioning tilt detector 33, a temperature sensor 34, and a stress sensor 35. The extension length of all sensors installed on the separate monitoring mounting bracket 5 must be consistent. S3: Install two sets of stabilizer units 21 and adaptive units 22 on both sides of the chassis base 6. The four adaptive positioning tilt detectors 24 start reading position information and transmitting it to the controller 1 for analysis. When the heights of the two adaptive positioning tilt detectors 24 in the same group are inconsistent, it indicates that the adaptive control system base 2 is tilted forward and backward. When the heights of the two adaptive positioning tilt detectors 24 in different groups but on the same side are inconsistent, it indicates that the adaptive control system base 2 is tilted left and right. According to the analysis information, the first hydraulic system 221 that controls the four independently operating systems starts to work, adjusts the stabilizer unit 21, controls the four adaptive positioning tilt detectors 24 to be at the same height, and then installs the fixing plate 4 to fix the adaptive control system base 2 to the chassis base 6. Insert the threaded rod 252 of the fixing knob unit 25 into the threaded hole on the side of the stabilizer unit 21, rotate the fixing knob unit 25, and press the stabilizer plate 23 through the clamping head 253 at the front end of the fixing knob unit 25. S4: The intelligent monitoring module unit 3 is installed in layers and assembled according to the design. The fixed socket 36 is inserted into the fixed slot 311 at the bottom and fixed by the fixing bolt 37. S5: Each layer connects all sensors through segmented fixing tubes 8 to form an intelligent sensing skeleton system; S6: After the intelligent monitoring template unit 3 is installed, start pouring grout. After it has fully solidified, remove the intelligent monitoring template unit 3 and the adaptive control system base 2 from top to bottom. S7: During and after construction, the intelligent sensing skeleton system formed by each group of sensors monitors tilt data, stress data and temperature data in real time. Based on the analysis results and the preset adjustment strategy, it generates adjustment instructions for the adaptive control system seat 2 and the intelligent monitoring template unit 3. When at least one monitoring tilt detector 33 detects a tilt, the controller 1 first determines the cause of the tilt: If all intelligent monitoring template units 3 on each layer tilt and the tilt direction and magnitude are consistent, it is determined to be an overall tilt caused by uneven ground settlement, and the first hydraulic system 221 at the bottom of the adaptive control system seat 2 will actively level and correct the tilt. If only a single-layer intelligent monitoring template unit 3 or a local multi-layer intelligent monitoring template unit 3 tilts, it is determined to be a local stress deformation. The detection and protection unit 313 in the tilt direction of the intelligent monitoring template unit 3 is driven to push outward and press against the concrete surface to form a local mechanical lock to limit the deformation. At the same time, the early warning device is controlled to issue an audible and visual warning to remind the safety officer to check the cause on site and take external stress release measures. After the posture is stable, the detection and protection unit 313 retracts and the lock is released. When the stress or temperature reaches the safety threshold, the control and early warning device issues an audible and visual warning and prompts the pouring to be slowed down or stopped. The automatic adjustment of the first hydraulic system 221 is suspended, and the detection and protection unit 313 is switched to standby mode. Full-function monitoring is restored after the safety officer confirms that the hidden danger has been eliminated.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction safety monitoring device for thin-walled piers based on an intelligent sensing framework, characterized in that, The system includes a construction safety monitoring module. The bottom of the construction safety monitoring module is provided with an adaptive control system base (2). An intelligent monitoring template unit (3) is inserted and fixed on the upper part of the adaptive control system base (2). The adaptive control system base (2) and the intelligent monitoring template unit (3) can be separated or spliced ​​together. The side of the adaptive control system base (2) and the intelligent monitoring template unit (3) are provided with a separate monitoring mounting bracket (5). The adaptive control system base (2) includes a stabilizer unit (21) and an adaptive unit (22) at the bottom of the stabilizer unit (21). The adaptive unit (22) has a first hydraulic system (221) for supporting the stabilizer unit (21) installed on both sides of its long side. The adaptive positioning tilt detector (24) is installed on both sides of the long side inside the stabilizer unit (21) through a separate monitoring mounting bracket (5). The intelligent monitoring template unit (3) includes a monitoring main frame (31). The monitoring main frame (31) has monitoring positioning tilt detectors (33) installed on both sides of the long side through a separate monitoring mounting frame (5). The monitoring main frame (31) has temperature sensors (34) and stress sensors (35) installed on both sides of the short side through a separate monitoring mounting frame (5). The monitoring main frame (31) has detection protection units (313) on its inner perimeter. The adaptive positioning tilt detector (24), the monitoring positioning tilt detector (33), the temperature sensor (34) and the stress sensor (35) are connected by segmented fixing tubes (8) to form an intelligent sensing skeleton system.

2. The thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizer unit (21) is provided with fixing bolt holes (211) around its perimeter. The stabilizer unit (21) is provided with a slot (212) in the middle. A stabilizer plate (23) is inserted into the slot (212). The stabilizer plate (23) is provided with monitoring installation through holes (231) on both sides of its long side. The stabilizer unit (21) is provided with monitoring installation ports (213) on both sides of its long side. When installing the separate monitoring mounting bracket (5), the separate monitoring mounting bracket (5) is inserted into the monitoring installation port (213) and the monitoring installation through hole (231) in sequence.

3. The thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side of the stabilizer unit (21) is provided with a fixed knob unit (25), the fixed knob unit (25) includes a knob frame (251), the front end of the knob frame (251) is provided with a threaded rod (252), the front end of the threaded rod (252) is provided with a pressing head (253), and the pressing head (253) is pressed tightly on the stabilizer plate (23).

4. The thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first hydraulic system (221) has a first ball (2211) at the bottom, the first ball (2211) is nested in the upper part of the adaptive unit (22), the first ball (2211) is provided with a micro hydraulic pump (2212) on the upper part of the first ball (2211), the micro hydraulic pump (2212) is mounted with a micro hydraulic shaft (2213) on the upper part of the micro hydraulic shaft (2213), and the second ball (2214) is mounted in the upper part of the micro hydraulic shaft (2213). The second ball (2214) is nested in the bottom of the stabilizer unit (21).

5. The thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adaptive unit (22) has an embedded groove (222) on its inner side, and the stabilizing plate (23) is inserted into the embedded groove (222).

6. The thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to claim 5, characterized in that, The monitoring main frame (31) has a high-altitude storage seat (32) on the outer side of its bottom, and a fixed socket (36) is provided at the bottom of the monitoring main frame (31).

7. The thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to claim 6, characterized in that, The monitoring main frame (31) is provided with a fixed slot (311) on the upper part. A set of fixed sockets (36) at the bottom of the monitoring main frame (31) are used to insert into the fixed slots (311) on the upper part of another set of monitoring main frames (31). The monitoring main frame (31) is provided with a reinforcing rib (312) on the outside. The detection and protection unit (313) is equipped with a pressure sensor inside. The detection and protection unit (313) is provided with a miniature electric push rod (3131) on the inside. The monitoring main frame (31) is provided with a fixing bolt (37) at the bottom. The fixing bolt (37) is used to insert into a fixing slot (311) on the upper part of a set of monitoring main frames (31) and through a fixing socket (36) at the bottom of another set of monitoring main frames (31).

8. The thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to claim 7, characterized in that, The monitoring and positioning tilt detector (33) includes an external threaded connector (331), and a monitoring and positioning tilt sensor (332) is provided at the front end of the connector (331).

9. The thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton according to claim 8, characterized in that, The split monitoring mounting bracket (5) includes an internally threaded mounting tube (51) with a fixing plate (52) on the mounting tube (51).

10. A method for using a construction safety monitoring device for thin-walled piers based on an intelligent sensing framework, characterized in that, The thin-walled pier construction safety monitoring device based on an intelligent sensing skeleton as described in claim 9 is used for this purpose, and the method of use includes the following steps: S1: According to the design drawings, first pour the base plate (6) at the construction site, and then tie the steel reinforcement unit (7) on the upper part of the base plate (6). S2: Sensors are installed on the stabilizer unit (21) via a separate monitoring mounting bracket (5). The sensors on the stabilizer unit (21) include an adaptive positioning tilt detector (24). Sensors are also installed on the monitoring main frame (31) via a separate monitoring mounting bracket (5). The sensors on the monitoring main frame (31) include a monitoring positioning tilt detector (33), a temperature sensor (34), and a stress sensor (35). S3: Install two sets of stabilizer units (21) and adaptive units (22) on both sides of the chassis base (6). The four adaptive positioning tilt detectors (24) start reading position information and analyzing it. When the heights of the two adaptive positioning tilt detectors (24) in the same group are inconsistent, it indicates that the adaptive control system base (2) is tilted forward and backward. When the heights of the two adaptive positioning tilt detectors (24) in different groups but on the same side are inconsistent, it indicates that the adaptive control system base (2) is tilted left and right. According to the analysis information, the first hydraulic system (221) that controls the four independently operating systems starts to work, adjusts the stabilizer unit (21), controls the four adaptive positioning tilt detectors (24) to be consistent in height, and then installs the fixing plate (4) to fix the adaptive control system base (2) to the chassis base (6). Insert the threaded rod (252) of the fixing knob unit (25) into the threaded hole on the side of the stabilizer unit (21), rotate the fixing knob unit (25), and press the stabilizer plate (23) tightly through the clamping head (253) at the front end of the fixing knob unit (25). S4: Layered installation of intelligent monitoring module unit (3), assembly according to design, the fixed socket (36) is inserted into the fixed slot (311) at the bottom and fixed by fixing bolt (37); S5: Each layer connects all sensors through segmented fixing tubes (8) to form an intelligent sensing skeleton system; S6: After the intelligent monitoring template unit (3) is installed, start pouring grout. After it has fully solidified, remove the intelligent monitoring template unit (3) and the adaptive control system base (2) from top to bottom. S7: During and after construction, the intelligent sensing skeleton system formed by each group of sensors monitors tilt data, stress data and temperature data in real time. Based on the analysis results and the preset adjustment strategy, it generates adjustment instructions for the adaptive control system seat (2) and the intelligent monitoring template unit (3). When at least one monitoring tilt detector (33) detects a tilt, the cause of the tilt is first determined: If all intelligent monitoring template units (3) of each layer tilt and the tilt direction and magnitude are consistent, it is determined to be an overall tilt caused by uneven settlement of the ground surface, and the first hydraulic system (221) at the bottom of the adaptive control system seat (2) will actively level and correct the tilt. If only a single-layer intelligent monitoring template unit (3) or a local multi-layer intelligent monitoring template unit (3) tilts, it is determined to be a local stress deformation. The detection and protection unit (313) in the tilt direction of the intelligent monitoring template unit (3) is driven to push outward and press against the concrete surface to form a local mechanical lock to limit the deformation. At the same time, the warning device is controlled to issue an audible and visual warning to remind the safety officer to check the cause on site and take external stress release measures. After the posture is stable, the detection and protection unit (313) retracts and releases the lock. When the stress or temperature reaches the safety threshold, the control and early warning device issues an audible and visual warning and prompts to slow down or stop pouring, suspends the automatic adjustment of the first hydraulic system (221), and switches the detection and protection unit (313) to standby mode. After the safety officer confirms that the hidden danger has been eliminated, full-function monitoring is restored.

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