A directional deformation isolation structure of an energy storage cabinet and a control method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure and control method, comprising: rack main body, form multiple battery cabin and be equipped with two supporting parts and folding space;Main partition, between adjacent battery cabin, it is equipped with prefabricated guide part and rotation constraint part, predetermined deformation side faces folding space;Multiple main force connection components are connected with main partition and rack main body respectively;Backup force component is set corresponding to two supporting parts;Backup pipe connection component connects backup force component, for backup force component is joined in supporting part;Node unlocking component is connected with main force connection component;Detection control component is connected with main force connection component and backup force component, and electrically connected backup pipe connection component and node unlocking component.The application is favorable for reducing the risk that rack local instability and abnormal effect are transmitted to adjacent battery cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage equipment and energy storage cabinet structural safety technology, and in particular to an energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage cabinets typically form multi-layered battery compartments using columns, beams, trays, and partitions. Besides separating adjacent battery compartments, the partitions may also contribute to the lateral load-bearing and torsional resistance of the rack. In the event of abnormal bulging, rapid gas generation, or thermal runaway of battery modules, it is necessary to provide expansion margin in localized areas and limit the propagation of high-temperature gases and ejected materials to adjacent battery compartments.

[0003] Existing rigid partitions are insufficient to balance the frame stiffness under normal operating conditions with the need for localized clearance under abnormal conditions. If rigid connections are maintained, abnormal loads can easily continue to be transmitted to adjacent components; if the partition connections are directly removed or weakened, the original load-bearing path may be suddenly interrupted, leading to localized frame instability. Therefore, how to ensure controlled clearance of partitions while maintaining structural load-bearing continuity and continuing to perform their isolation function is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a directional deformation isolation structure and control method for energy storage cabinets, which aims to complete the load-bearing pipe connection first when there is a local abnormality in the energy storage cabinet, and then make the main partition fold in a controlled manner along the target direction, thereby taking into account the continuity of the rack load-bearing capacity, the clearance of abnormal expansion, and the isolation of adjacent battery compartments.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a directional deformation isolation structure for an energy storage cabinet, comprising: a frame body forming multiple battery compartments and having two support portions and a folding space; a main partition disposed between adjacent battery compartments, having a prefabricated guide portion and a rotation constraint portion, with the predetermined deformation side facing the folding space; multiple main load-bearing connection components, respectively connecting the main partition to the frame body; a spare load-bearing component, corresponding to two of the support portions; a spare connecting pipe component, connected to the spare load-bearing component, for engaging the spare load-bearing component to the support portion; a node unlocking component, connected to the main load-bearing connection component; and a detection and control component, connecting the main load-bearing connection component and the spare load-bearing component, and electrically connecting the spare connecting pipe component and the node unlocking component, for first establishing a spare load-bearing connection, and releasing a designated main load-bearing connection component after detecting a load on the connecting pipe of the spare load-bearing component, so that the main partition is constrained by the rotation constraint portion and folds towards the folding space along the prefabricated guide portion.

[0006] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the backup load-bearing connection is established before the release of the designated main load-bearing connection component, and the actual load takeover is confirmed by the detection and control component. The motion freedom of the main partition is further restricted by the rotation constraint and the prefabricated guide. Therefore, the frame load can be transferred before the main partition is folded, and the main partition can form a controlled expansion margin and a jet shielding surface while maintaining the continuity of the frame load-bearing capacity, thereby reducing the risk of local frame instability and the transmission of abnormal forces to adjacent battery compartments.

[0007] In one possible example, the main load-bearing connection assembly includes: a frame-side fixing seat fixed to the frame body; a partition-side connecting seat fixed to the main partition and corresponding to the frame-side fixing seat; a main load-bearing locking pin passing through the frame-side fixing seat and the partition-side connecting seat; a locking member cooperating with the main load-bearing locking pin and the frame-side fixing seat or the partition-side connecting seat to hold the main load-bearing locking pin in a locked position; a plurality of the main load-bearing connection assemblies are spaced apart along the periphery of the main partition and each forms an independently releaseable node, and the rotation constraint part is formed by the unreleased main load-bearing connection assembly, hinge, flexible connector or restricted rotation member.

[0008] As can be seen, in this example, the main load is transmitted through the physical mechanical path formed by the fixed seat, the connecting seat and the locking pin, and the unlocking action can be carried out independently at each node; the unreleased node or the specially designed rotating component continues to constrain the main partition, which can prevent the main partition from falling off as a whole and provide a stable support for subsequent directional folding.

[0009] In one possible example, the prefabricated guide portion includes: a guide structure disposed on the main partition plate, wherein the local bending stiffness is lower than that of other areas of the main partition plate; the guide structure is a thinning groove, a zigzag line, a weakening groove, a corrugated area, a small hole weakening line, a flexible hinge, or a segmented hinge; at least two folded segments are formed by the guide structure on the main partition plate; and at least two of the folded segments form a zigzag, V-shaped, or inclined shielding surface under the constraint of the rotation constraint portion.

[0010] As can be seen, in this example, the guide structure determines the preferred bending position through the difference in local bending stiffness. The folded segments form a predetermined geometry under rotational constraints, which can reduce disordered buckling and allow the folded main partition to continue to block the direct injection path between the abnormal battery compartment and the adjacent battery compartment.

[0011] In one possible example, the backup load-bearing component includes: a load-bearing member, which is a connectable diagonal brace, a movable bridging beam, a foldable backup frame, an externally wrapped load-bearing tie rod, or a wedge-shaped support, with both ends of the load-bearing member corresponding to two of the support portions; a heat-insulating pressure-bearing member, disposed at at least one load-bearing joint and connecting the load-bearing member to the corresponding support portion; when the load-bearing member is in the standby position, at least one end has a gap with the corresponding support portion, or the load-bearing member is engaged with both of the support portions under low preload; when the load-bearing member is in the load-bearing position, both ends are engaged with the corresponding support portions under load.

[0012] As can be seen in this example, the load-bearing components can be selected from solid forms such as diagonal braces, bridging beams, spare frames, tie rods, or support components, depending on the cabinet space. The load-bearing components reduce continuous load, vibration coupling, and heat transfer in the standby position, and form a spare load-bearing path bridging the two support parts in the load-bearing position; the thermally insulated pressure-bearing components can also take into account the load transfer and thermal insulation at the joint.

[0013] In one possible example, the spare connector assembly includes: a connector drive unit fixed to the frame body; a bridging member pulsatorically connected to the connector drive unit, movable between a standby position and a load-bearing position, and abutting against the load-bearing member and the corresponding support portion at the load-bearing position; a mechanical retainer connecting the bridging member and the corresponding support portion to restrict the bridging member from exiting the load-bearing position; and an engagement position detection unit corresponding to the bridging member and connected to the detection and control assembly.

[0014] As can be seen, in this example, the connecting drive, bridging and mechanical retaining components sequentially complete the pushing, engaging and retaining, so that the backup load-bearing component does not need to continuously rely on the driving force to maintain the load-bearing position after the action; the engaging position detection component provides geometric positioning information, which can be combined with the actual load information to determine whether the backup load-bearing connection is truly established.

[0015] In one possible example, the node unlocking component includes: a heat-insulating housing fixed to the rack-side mounting base or the partition-side connecting base; a solid-state phase change drive assembly housed in the heat-insulating housing; an independent heating element housed in the heat-insulating housing and thermally coupled to the solid-state phase change drive assembly; a drive push rod connected to the solid-state phase change drive assembly and the main load-bearing locking pin or the locking element; a return element connecting the drive push rod to the heat-insulating housing; and a position detection element corresponding to the main load-bearing locking pin and connected to the detection and control component. When the main load-bearing locking pin is in the locked position, the load is transmitted through the rack-side mounting base, the main load-bearing locking pin, and the partition-side connecting base, and not through the solid-state phase change drive assembly.

[0016] As can be seen, in this example, the solid phase change actuator only undertakes short-term unlocking displacement output, and the normal load of the main partition is not transmitted through the solid phase change actuator, which can reduce the performance degradation caused by long-term loading of the phase change material; the independent heating and insulation settings can also reduce the possibility of the battery compartment's natural temperature rise accidentally triggering the unlocking of the designated node.

[0017] In one possible example, the detection and control component includes: a first load-bearing detection element disposed on the main load-bearing connection component; a second load-bearing detection element disposed on the backup load-bearing component; a displacement detection element disposed on the frame body; and a controller connected to the first load-bearing detection element, the second load-bearing detection element, the displacement detection element, the engagement position detection element, the backup pipe assembly, and the node unlocking component, respectively. The controller determines load transfer based on the load decrease indicated by the first load-bearing detection element, the load increase indicated by the second load-bearing detection element, and the frame displacement indicated by the displacement detection element. When the engagement position detection element indicates that the bridging component is in place but load transfer has not been established, it determines that it is a dummy pipe assembly and prohibits the node unlocking component from operating.

[0018] As can be seen, in this example, the standby pipe status is not determined solely by the actuator position, but is jointly verified by the main path unloading, the standby path loading, and the rack displacement. This allows for the identification of a dummy pipe status where the bridging component is in place but has not formed effective load-bearing contact, thus preventing the release of the main partition before the load-bearing path has been transferred.

[0019] In one possible example, the energy storage cabinet's directional deformation isolation structure further includes: a folding limiting member, connecting the main partition to the frame body, for limiting the folding angle of the main partition and holding the main partition in a folded position; a fire-resistant flexible edge sealing member, connecting the side of the main partition to the frame body; a flow guide, fixed to the frame body and located on a predetermined deformation side of the main partition, wherein the folded main partition and the flow guide together define a pressure flow space extending toward the safe side of the cabinet; and a status marker, drivenly connected to the main partition and exposed on the outside of the frame body when the main partition is folded.

[0020] As can be seen in this example, the folding limiter keeps the main partition in an emergency position that can form a shield and guide the flow, the fire-resistant flexible edge sealing restricts high-temperature gas from flowing directly from the side of the main partition to the adjacent battery compartment, the flow deflector directs the pressure medium to the safe side of the cabinet, and the status marker can provide external visual information of the structural action in the event of a power failure.

[0021] In one possible example, the energy storage cabinet's directional deformation isolation structure further includes a pressure-driven delayed-action mechanism, which comprises: a pressure-bearing member disposed on the side of the main partition facing the battery compartment, with the pressure-bearing surface of the pressure-bearing member facing the interior of the battery compartment; a free-stroke linkage connected to the pressure-bearing member, having a first transmission section that engages with the bridging member and a second transmission section corresponding to the shear release member, the first transmission section being used to push the bridging member into the load-bearing position in a first stroke, and the second transmission section being used to press against the shear release member in a second stroke after the bridging member has entered the load-bearing position and the free-stroke has been eliminated; a shear release member disposed on the upper main load-bearing connection assembly and having a predetermined shear strength, for releasing the upper main load-bearing connection assembly while retaining the rotational constraint portion; and a check member cooperating with the bridging member for restricting the bridging member from exiting the load-bearing position.

[0022] As can be seen, in this example, the idle travel linkage uses the sequential relationship between the first and second transmission segments to solidify the mechanical action sequence of "the bridging component enters the load-bearing position first" and "the upper main load-bearing connection component is released later"; even if the controller or power supply fails, the basic load-bearing safety logic of first taking over and then releasing can be maintained.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a control method for an energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure, applied to the energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure described in any example of the first aspect, comprising: determining the target battery compartment and the target deformation direction based on abnormal monitoring data of the battery compartment; driving the backup pipe assembly to establish a backup load-bearing connection of the backup load-bearing assembly; acquiring the first load-bearing response of the main load-bearing connection assembly, the second load-bearing response of the backup load-bearing assembly, the displacement response of the frame body, and the position response of the backup pipe assembly, and determining the backup load-bearing pipe state based on the first load-bearing response, the second load-bearing response, and the displacement response; when the position response indicates that the backup pipe assembly is in place, but the first load-bearing response and the second load-bearing response do not indicate load transfer, determining it as a false pipe and prohibiting the node unlocking assembly from operating; when the backup load-bearing pipe state is a valid pipe, sequentially driving the node unlocking assembly to release the designated main load-bearing connection assembly according to the target deformation direction, and retaining the rotation constraint part; causing the main partition to fold along the prefabricated guide part towards the folding space under abnormal load or pre-set driving force, detecting the folding state of the main partition, and maintaining the accident state after the main partition is folded in place.

[0024] As can be seen, in this embodiment, compared with existing fixed load-bearing partitions or direct-release pressure relief plates, this application avoids exchanging abnormal displacement for instantaneous interruption of the load-bearing path; it forms a sequential coordination through the main load-bearing connection component, the connectable backup load-bearing component, the detection and control component, the selectable release connection relationship, and the prefabricated guide part; since the backup load-bearing connection is established first and confirmed by detection, the designated main load-bearing connection component is released, so that the frame load is transferred before the main partition is folded, and the degree of freedom of the main partition is restricted by the rotation constraint part and the prefabricated guide part, thereby forming a controlled expansion margin and a jet shielding surface while maintaining the continuity of the frame load-bearing capacity, which helps to reduce the risk of local frame instability and abnormal action being transmitted to adjacent battery compartments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of a single-layer battery compartment, main partition, main load-bearing connection assembly, spare load-bearing assembly, and folding space provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the normal load-bearing state of the main load-bearing connection assembly and the main partition plate provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the directional folding process of the prefabricated guide section, folding segments, and main partition provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the switching of the backup load-bearing component between a standby position and a load-bearing position, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spare pipe assembly that pushes and holds the bridge member according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the node unlocking component driving the main load-bearing locking pin out of the locking position according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between load transfer detection and virtual pipe determination provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the shielding and pressure diversion structure formed by folding the main partition plate according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the two-stage action of the pressure-driven delayed mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 A flowchart illustrating the control method for the directional deformation isolation structure of the energy storage cabinet provided in this application embodiment; Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the energy storage cabinet main partition after folding, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the multi-battery compartment hierarchical isolation and backup load-bearing pipe provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 14 This is a flowchart illustrating the safety maintenance sequence for restoring the main load-bearing path provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 100 - Energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure; 110 - Frame body; 111 - Battery compartment; 112 - Support; 113 - Folding space; 114 - Column; 115 - Crossbeam; 116 - Pallet support beam; 117 - Pallet; 118 - Outer frame; 119 - Battery module; 120 - Main partition; 121 - Prefabricated guide; 122 - Rotation constraint; 123 - Pre-deformed side; 124 - Guide Structure; 125-Folding section; 126-Shielding surface; 130-Main load-bearing connection assembly; 131-Rack side fixing seat; 132-Partition side connection seat; 133-Main load-bearing locking pin; 134-Locking component; 135-Independent release node; 136-Hinge; 140-Spare load-bearing assembly; 141-Load-bearing component; 142-Insulated pressure-bearing component; 143-Load-bearing joint; 150-Spare pipe assembly; 151-Connector drive component; 152-Bridge component; 153-Mechanical retainer component; 154-Joint position detection component; 160-Node unlocking assembly; 161-Insulated housing; 162-Solid phase change drive component; 163-Independent heating component; 164-Drive push rod; 165-Return component; 166-Position detection component; 170-Detection and control assembly; 171-First load detection component; 172-Second load detection component; 173-Displacement detection component; 174-Controller; 180-Folding limit component; 181-Fire-resistant flexible edge sealing component; 182-Flow guide; 183-Pressure flow guiding space; 184-Status marker component; 190-Pressure driven delayed mechanism; 191-Pressure-bearing component; 192-Free travel connecting rod; 193-First transmission section; 194-Second transmission section; 195-Shear release component; 196-Check valve component. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are used to explain this application, and not to limit the scope of protection of this application. In the absence of conflict, technical features in different embodiments can be combined with each other. The term "connection" as used herein can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a hinge, abutment, snap-fit, or transmission connection, and the specific form is determined according to the load and action requirements borne by the corresponding component; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are only used to describe the relative positions shown in the drawings and do not constitute a limitation on the installation direction of the energy storage cabinet.

[0028] This embodiment builds upon the overall structure described in the first aspect above, illustrating the fundamental relationship between normal load-bearing, spare connecting pipes, and directional folding. See [link to previous section]. Figure 1 The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure 100 provided in this application embodiment includes a frame body 110, a main partition 120, multiple main load-bearing connection components 130, a spare load-bearing component 140, a spare pipe assembly 150, a node unlocking component 160, and a detection and control component 170.

[0029] See Figure 2 The main frame 110 is formed by connecting columns 114, crossbeams 115, tray support beams 116, and an outer frame 118. Multiple battery modules 119 are supported by trays 117, forming multiple battery compartments 111. A main partition 120 is disposed between adjacent battery compartments 111. Two support portions 112 are respectively disposed at positions capable of transmitting loads across the main partition 120. A folding space 113 is disposed on the predetermined deformation side 123 of the main partition 120, avoiding the normal arrangement area of ​​busbars, liquid cooling mains, and communication harnesses.

[0030] The main frame 110 forms multiple battery compartments 111 and is provided with two support parts 112 and a folding space 113.

[0031] The rack body 110 is a physical frame within the energy storage cabinet used to install battery modules 119 and transfer loads to the foundation or cabinet outer frame. The support portion 112 is a structural area on the rack body 110 capable of receiving the load of the backup load-bearing component 140, and can be formed by a connecting seat, bearing surface, pin hole seat, wedge seat, or reinforcing beam segment. The two support portions 112 are not limited to a vertical arrangement; they can also be arranged horizontally or diagonally, as long as the backup load-bearing component 140, after engagement, can establish a continuous load-bearing path around the main partition 120 to be released. The folding space 113 is a structural clearance area for the main partition 120 to deform into, and can be formed by the empty area between the rack body 110 and the cabinet side wall, a specially designed recessed area, or an isolation area in an adjacent functional compartment.

[0032] The main partition 120 is located between adjacent battery compartments 111 and has a prefabricated guide part 121 and a rotation constraint part 122. The predetermined deformation side 123 faces the folding space 113.

[0033] The main partition 120 may include a metal panel, a reinforcing structure, and a fire-resistant and heat-insulating interlayer. Under normal conditions, the main partition 120 transmits in-plane shear loads and lateral support loads, and forms physical isolation between adjacent battery compartments 111. The prefabricated guide section 121 is a structural region on the main partition 120 that preferentially causes deformation at a designated location, without requiring it to be bent under normal loads. The rotation constraint section 122 is a physical connection structure that restricts at least one position or axis of rotation of the main partition 120 when it is folded. The predetermined deformation side 123 indicates the side of the main partition 120 designed to preferentially move in, used to distinguish the abnormal load application side from the structural clearance side.

[0034] Multiple main load-bearing connection components 130 are respectively connected to the main partition 120 and the frame body 110.

[0035] The main load-bearing connection components 130 are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the main partition 120. Under normal conditions, the load borne by the main partition 120 is transferred to the column 114 or beam 115 through multiple main load-bearing connection components 130. Different main load-bearing connection components 130 can be selectively released, so that the main partition 120 does not detach as a whole to make way.

[0036] A spare load-bearing component 140 is provided corresponding to two support portions 112; a spare connecting pipe component 150 is connected to the spare load-bearing component 140 and is used to connect the spare load-bearing component 140 to the support portion 112.

[0037] The backup load-bearing component 140 is connected in parallel or as a bypass to the main partition 120. Here, "backup" means that it does not bear the main load when the main partition 120 is under normal load, but does not imply that the backup load-bearing component 140 must be completely unloaded. The backup connecting pipe assembly 150 engages the backup load-bearing component 140 with the two support portions 112 by pushing, pulling, rotating, or wedging, thereby establishing a load-bearing path bypassing the main partition 120 before the designated main load-bearing connection assembly 130 is released.

[0038] The node unlocking component 160 is connected to the main load-bearing connection component 130; the detection and control component 170 is connected to the main load-bearing connection component 130 and the backup load-bearing component 140, and electrically connected to the backup pipe assembly 150 and the node unlocking component 160. It is used to first establish the backup load-bearing connection, and after detecting the load on the pipe of the backup load-bearing component 140, release the designated main load-bearing connection component 130, so that the main partition 120 is constrained by the rotation constraint part 122 and folds along the prefabricated guide part 121 toward the folding space 113.

[0039] Here, "relay load" refers to the standby load-bearing component 140 having established actual mechanical contact and borne at least a portion of the structural load originally transmitted through the main diaphragm 120. This state differs from the standby relay component 150 merely completing a positional movement. The detection and control component 170 can confirm that the load-bearing path has shifted through changes in load, strain, and displacement. The designated main load-bearing connection component 130 is the node to be released selected based on the target deformation direction; main load-bearing connection components 130 not designated for release can constitute the rotational constraint part 122.

[0040] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the backup load-bearing component 140 first forms a load-bearing bypass. After the detection and control component 170 confirms that the load has been transferred, the node unlocking component 160 releases the designated node. This sequence ensures that when the main partition 120 is converted from a load-bearing reinforcement to a folding partition, the frame body 110 still has a continuous load-bearing path. The prefabricated guide part 121 and the rotation constraint part 122 jointly define the folding position and direction, thereby providing a controlled expansion margin for the abnormal battery module 119 and reducing the impact of disordered movement of the main partition 120 on the adjacent battery compartment 111.

[0041] In one possible embodiment of this application, a liquid-cooled commercial and industrial energy storage cabinet can be equipped with eight layers of battery modules 119, each layer of battery modules 119 mounted on an independent tray 117. The main partition 120 connects both left and right uprights 114 and the rear crossbeam 115. A folding space 113 with a width of 80 mm is provided on one side of the main partition 120, with the upper part of the folding space 113 opening to the safety side of the cabinet. The above dimensions are from a specific product arrangement and are only used to illustrate that the folding space 113 can be determined according to the allowable expansion of the battery modules 119, the folding envelope of the partition, and pipeline avoidance requirements; they do not constitute a dimensional limitation.

[0042] This embodiment, based on the overall structure described above, further illustrates the normal load-bearing path of the main partition 120 and the independent release method of its nodes. (See also...) Figure 3 The main load-bearing connection component 130 connects the frame body 110 and the main partition 120, and forms a load transfer path through the solid connection component under the normal load-bearing state of the main partition 120.

[0043] The main load-bearing connection assembly 130 includes a frame-side fixing seat 131, a partition-side connecting seat 132, a main load-bearing locking pin 133, and a locking member 134.

[0044] The frame-side fixing seat 131 is fixed to the frame body 110; the partition-side connecting seat 132 is fixed to the main partition 120 and corresponds to the frame-side fixing seat 131; the main load-bearing locking pin 133 passes through the frame-side fixing seat 131 and the partition-side connecting seat 132; the locking member 134 cooperates with the main load-bearing locking pin 133 and the frame-side fixing seat 131 or the partition-side connecting seat 132 to keep the main load-bearing locking pin 133 in the locked position.

[0045] The frame-side fixing seat 131 and the partition-side connecting seat 132 can be respectively provided with corresponding pin holes, bearing surfaces, or insertion slots. When the main load-bearing locking pin 133 is in the locked position, its shear bearing surface spans the connection interface between the frame-side fixing seat 131 and the partition-side connecting seat 132. The locking element 134 can be a release slider, a latch, a stop, a wedge, or a limit element that can be removed from the locking groove. The node unlocking assembly 160 can drive the main load-bearing locking pin 133 out of the pin hole, or drive the locking element 134 to release the axial or radial restriction on the main load-bearing locking pin 133.

[0046] Multiple main load-bearing connection components 130 are spaced apart along the periphery of the main partition 120 and each forms an independent release node 135. The rotation constraint part 122 is formed by the unreleased main load-bearing connection components 130, hinges 136, flexible connectors or restricted rotation parts.

[0047] In this context, the independent release node 135 refers to a situation where the release of one main load-bearing connection component 130 does not require the synchronous release of other main load-bearing connection components 130. Independent release can be achieved by configuring node unlocking components 160 for each node, or by a set of actuators acting sequentially on different nodes through a gated transmission component. The rotation constraint part 122 can be formed by the lower main load-bearing connection component 130 that retains the lock; it can also be provided with a hinge 136, a high-temperature resistant flexible connector, or a restricted rotation component that only allows rotation at a predetermined angle. The rotation constraint part 122 bears the position holding load during folding, but it does not need to continue to bear all the lateral loads of the main partition 120 under normal conditions.

[0048] In one specific arrangement, the main partition 120 is provided with four independent release nodes 135: upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right. When folding to the right, the upper right, lower right, and upper left nodes can be released sequentially, while the lower left node is retained as a rotation constraint part 122. When folding backward, the corresponding nodes can also be released in front-to-back order. The number and order of nodes can be adjusted according to the size of the main partition 120, the shape of the prefabricated guide part 121, and the position of the folding space 113.

[0049] As can be seen, this embodiment enables the main partition 120 to have a clear, stable mechanical force-bearing path in its normal state without passing through the material, and allows different connection positions to be released independently in the target direction. The retained rotation constraint part 122 restricts the overall translation and detachment of the main partition 120, thereby providing a definite fulcrum for subsequent folding and improving the controllability of the partition release process.

[0050] In one possible embodiment of this application, a portion of the fire-resistant flexible sealing element 181 may extend between the frame-side fixing seat 131 and the partition-side connecting seat 132. After the main load-bearing locking pin 133 is retracted, the fire-resistant flexible sealing element 181 unfolds or bends with the main partition 120 to restrict high-temperature gas from directly entering the adjacent battery compartment 111 from the gap formed near the release node. The fire-resistant flexible sealing element 181 does not bear the normal structural load of the main load-bearing connecting assembly 130, and therefore does not change the load-bearing relationship of the main load-bearing locking pin 133.

[0051] This embodiment, based on the aforementioned independent release node 135, further explains the preferred bending position and folding shape of the main partition 120. (See also...) Figure 4The prefabricated guide section 121 is arranged along a predetermined fold line of the main partition 120 and divides the main partition 120 into at least two folding segments 125; the main partition 120 is gradually folded along the predetermined fold line after being released at a designated node.

[0052] The prefabricated guide section 121 includes a guide structure 124. The guide structure 124 is disposed on the main partition 120, and its local bending stiffness is lower than that of other areas of the main partition 120. The guide structure 124 may be a thinning groove, a zigzag line, a weakening groove, a corrugated area, a small hole weakening line, a flexible hinge, or a segmented hinge.

[0053] The phrase "local bending stiffness is lower than" indicates that, under the same force direction, the guide structure 124 is more likely to form a bending angle compared to adjacent main plate areas; it does not require the material strength of the guide structure 124 to be lower than that of all other areas of the main partition 120. Thinning grooves or weakening grooves can be formed by stamping, cutting, or local layer thickness adjustment; corrugated areas can be formed by continuous bending; small hole weakening lines are defined by a row of spaced holes, indicating the preferred bending trajectory; flexible hinges or segmented hinges define the bending axis through rotatable connections. The guide structure 124 maintains the required stiffness of the partition under normal operating loads and bends preferentially when the designated main load-bearing connection assembly 130 is released and subjected to abnormal loads or pre-set driving forces.

[0054] The prefabricated guide section 121 also includes at least two folded segments 125, which are formed by the guide structure 124 separating them on the main partition 120. The at least two folded segments 125 form a zigzag, V-shaped, or inclined shielding surface 126 under the constraint of the rotation constraint section 122.

[0055] The folding segment 125 is a plate section located between adjacent guide structures 124 or between the guide structure 124 and the edge of the main partition 120. The folding segment 125 may remain flat or have reinforcing ribs or curved surfaces. The shielding surface 126 is the plate surface located between the abnormal battery compartment 111 and adjacent battery compartments 111 or critical pipelines after the folding segment 125 is folded. The shielding surface 126 is not an additional independent plate, but a functional surface formed after the main partition 120 is oriented and folded.

[0056] In one specific arrangement, two inverted V-shaped thinning grooves are provided in the middle of the main separator 120. The independent release node 135 on the right is released first, and the main separator 120 rotates to the right folding space 113 under the action of the pre-set drive and the local expansion force of the battery module 119; other designated nodes are released subsequently, so that the two folding segments 125 form a two-section inclined guide surface. The pre-set drive can be a pre-set folding spring, which only provides auxiliary force to make the main separator 120 pass the initial equilibrium position, and does not replace abnormal loads or bear normal frame loads.

[0057] As can be seen, this embodiment concentrates the deformation of the main separator 120 along a predetermined trajectory by using the local bending characteristics of the guide structure 124 and the fulcrum constraint of the rotation constraint part 122. The folded segment 125 thereby forms a predictable shielding surface 126, which not only provides clearance for abnormal battery modules 119, but also changes the direction of the jet flow and reduces the possibility of the main separator 120 falling towards adjacent battery modules 119 or pipelines.

[0058] In one possible embodiment of this application, the guide structure 124 may be configured with two levels of bending stiffness. The first guide area near the target folding start point forms a corner first, and the second guide area away from the target folding start point subsequently forms a corner. The two levels of guide areas, in conjunction with the release sequence of the independent release node 135, ensure that the main partition 120 first leaves the direct compression area of ​​the abnormal battery module 119 before forming the shielding surface 126, which helps to reduce the sweeping range of adjacent components during the initial folding stage.

[0059] This embodiment, based on the two support portions 112 described above, further illustrates the physical form of the spare load-bearing component 140 and its two positional relationships: standby and load-bearing. See [link to documentation]. Figure 5 The standby load-bearing component 140 is provided to bridge the two support parts 112 and can be switched from the standby position to the load-bearing position.

[0060] The spare load-bearing assembly 140 includes a load-bearing member 141 and a thermally insulated pressure-bearing member 142. The load-bearing member 141 can be a connectable diagonal brace, a movable bridging beam, a foldable spare frame, an externally wrapped load-bearing tie rod, or a wedge-shaped support. The two ends of the load-bearing member 141 correspond to two support portions 112, respectively. The thermally insulated pressure-bearing member 142 is disposed at at least one load-bearing joint 143 and connects the load-bearing member 141 to the corresponding support portion 112.

[0061] The specific form of the load-bearing component 141 can be selected based on the available space and main load direction of the frame body 110. Connectable diagonal braces are suitable for transmitting diagonal tensile and compressive forces between the columns 114 and the crossbeams 115; movable bridging beams are suitable for transmitting lateral loads across the original connection area of ​​the main partition 120; foldable spare frames can connect adjacent columns 114 after unfolding; externally wrapped load-bearing tie rods can avoid abnormal spray paths; wedge-shaped supports can establish a pressure-bearing connection using a shorter linear stroke. The above forms can also be used in combination.

[0062] The thermally insulated pressure-bearing component 142 can be a ceramic pressure-bearing pad, an aerogel composite thermal insulation pad, a mica-based pressure-bearing sheet, or a small-section high-strength connecting neck. The thermally insulated pressure-bearing component 142 should maintain stable pressure bearing within the design load range and increase the thermal resistance of the abnormal battery compartment 111 to the load-bearing component 141. The load-bearing joint 143 is the contact or connection area between the load-bearing component 141 and the support portion 112 that forms a load transfer area, and it does not exist independently as a detached solid component.

[0063] When the load-bearing member 141 is in the standby position, at least one end has a gap with the corresponding support portion 112, or the load-bearing member 141 is engaged with both supports 112 under low preload; when the load-bearing member 141 is in the load-bearing position, both ends are engaged with the corresponding supports 112 under load.

[0064] "Low preload" means that the load-bearing member 141 only bears the load required to eliminate loosening or ensure positional stability, and its load-bearing ratio is lower than the normal load-bearing ratio of the main partition 120. The gap standby mode can reduce vibration coupling from one support 112 to another via the load-bearing member 141 and can interrupt continuous thermal bridges; the low preload mode is also beneficial for shortening the pipe travel. The load-bearing position requires that both ends form a joint capable of transmitting loads in the design direction, but does not require the load-bearing member 141 to bear the entire load of the frame body 110.

[0065] In one specific arrangement, an externally wrapped diagonal brace extends from the lower left crossbeam 115 to the upper right column 114. A 1.2 mm gap is maintained between its upper end and the corresponding support 112. During the emergency preparation phase, this gap is eliminated by the bridging member 152, allowing the diagonal brace to form a load-bearing path bypassing the main partition 120. This specific gap is used to illustrate the mechanical difference between the standby and load-bearing positions; the actual value can be determined based on assembly tolerances and connection time.

[0066] As can be seen, this embodiment enables the backup load-bearing component 140 to adapt to different cabinet structures and reduces unnecessary load, heat, and vibration transmission during normal operation. During abnormal operation, the load-bearing component 141 bridges the two support portions 112 to form a new solid load-bearing chain; the heat-insulating pressure-bearing component 142 further reduces the possibility of the backup load-bearing path becoming a high-temperature propagation path.

[0067] In one possible embodiment of this application, two or more load-bearing components 141 may be arranged to intersect each other or to serve different target deformation directions. The controller 174 engages only the load-bearing component 141 that is adapted to the target deformation direction and avoids abnormal jetting paths. This selective engagement method can maintain a suitable rack load distribution under different battery compartments 111 or different abnormal locations, while avoiding the simultaneous formation of thermal bridges in all spare load-bearing components 140.

[0068] This embodiment, based on the spare load-bearing component 140, further explains the elimination of load-bearing gaps, the maintenance of the bridging component 152, and the detection of the engagement position. See [link to documentation]. Figure 6 The spare pipe assembly 150 is installed on the frame body 110 and corresponds to the load-bearing component 141 and the support part 112.

[0069] The spare connector assembly 150 includes a connector drive 151, a bridging member 152, a mechanical retainer 153, and an engagement position detection member 154. The connector drive 151 is fixed to the frame body 110. The bridging member 152 is kinetically connected to the connector drive 151 and can move between a standby position and a load-bearing position, abutting against the load-bearing member 141 and the corresponding support portion 112 in the load-bearing position. The mechanical retainer 153 connects the bridging member 152 to the corresponding support portion 112, preventing the bridging member 152 from exiting the load-bearing position. The engagement position detection member 154 is provided corresponding to the bridging member 152 and connected to the detection control assembly 170.

[0070] The connecting rod drive 151 can be an electric actuator, an electromagnetic drive, a spring energy storage and release component, a pneumatic drive, a hydraulic drive, or a solid-state phase change drive mechanism. The bridging component 152 can be a bridging pin, a wedge-shaped bridging block, a moving pressure block, or a swinging claw. The bridging component 152 abuts against the load-bearing component 141 and the support portion 112 at the load-bearing position, meaning that the bridging component 152 eliminates the non-load-bearing gap between them and forms a contact chain capable of transmitting the corresponding load direction.

[0071] The mechanical retainer 153 can be a pawl, a center link, a self-locking wedge, a locking pin, or a check latch. The mechanical retainer 153 bears the anti-retraction load after the bridging member 152 is in place, eliminating the need for continuous power supply or continuous thrust output to the connecting pipe drive 151. The engagement position detection element 154 can be a limit switch, proximity sensor, Hall sensor, or mechanical indicating contact; its output only indicates the geometric position of the bridging member 152 and is not solely equivalent to the backup load-bearing component 140 being under load.

[0072] As can be seen, this embodiment rapidly establishes a backup load-bearing path through the connecting drive component 151 and the bridging component 152, maintains engagement reliability in accident conditions through the mechanical retaining component 153, and provides action feedback through the engagement position detection component 154. This structure provides a basis for subsequently separating the determination of "geometric positioning" and "actual load-bearing," and can avoid presuming successful takeover based solely on drive commands.

[0073] In one possible embodiment of this application, the bridging member 152 may be provided with a leading ramp and an end bearing surface. The leading ramp corrects small positional deviations between the load-bearing member 141 and the support portion 112 within the initial stroke, and the end bearing surface transmits structural loads after it is in place. The mechanical retainer 153 locks only after the end bearing surface enters the designed position, thereby enabling assembly error compensation and load-bearing retention to be completed by different surfaces, reducing the possibility of the bridging member 152 jamming and forming a false connection.

[0074] This embodiment, based on the main load-bearing connection component 130, further illustrates the method of utilizing solid-state phase change to generate short-term unlocking displacement without bearing long-term structural loads. See [link to documentation]. Figure 7The node unlocking component 160 is set with the main load-bearing locking pin 133 or locking member 134 and is separated from the normal load-bearing surface of the main load-bearing connection component 130.

[0075] The node unlocking assembly 160 includes a heat-insulating housing 161, a solid-state phase change drive 162, an independent heating element 163, a drive push rod 164, a return element 165, and a position detection element 166. The heat-insulating housing 161 is fixed to the frame-side mounting base 131 or the partition-side connecting base 132. The solid-state phase change drive 162 is housed within the heat-insulating housing 161. The independent heating element 163 is housed within the heat-insulating housing 161 and thermally coupled to the solid-state phase change drive 162. The drive push rod 164 is connected to the solid-state phase change drive 162 and either the main load-bearing locking pin 133 or the locking element 134. The return element 165 connects the drive push rod 164 to the heat-insulating housing 161. The position detection element 166 is configured corresponding to the main load-bearing locking pin 133 and is connected to the detection and control assembly 170.

[0076] The "solid-state phase change actuator 162" refers to an actuator that generates usable displacement or restoring force through a phase change or crystal structure transformation within a solid material. It can be made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire bundles, springs, sheets, or other solid-state actuators with thermotropic recovery characteristics. The independent heating element 163 is a resistance heater, heating film, or heating coil that is individually controlled by the controller 174. The independent heating element 163 ensures that node actuation is not solely triggered by the natural temperature rise of the abnormal battery compartment 111.

[0077] The heat-insulating housing 161 forms a thermal barrier between the solid-state phase change drive 162 and the battery compartment 111, and may include a ceramic heat insulation sheet or a thermal disconnect structure. The drive push rod 164 can directly drive the main load-bearing locking pin 133 out, or push the release slider to release the locking member 134 via the displacement amplification mechanism. The return member 165 is used to keep the drive push rod 164 in its initial position when the release holding condition is not met, or to assist in resetting during maintenance; the main partition 120 automatically recovers after an accident action without relying on the return member 165. The position detection member 166 is used to confirm the locking, unlocking, or intermediate state of the main load-bearing locking pin 133.

[0078] When the main load-bearing locking pin 133 is in the locked position, the load is transmitted through the frame-side fixed seat 131, the main load-bearing locking pin 133 and the partition-side connecting seat 132, and is not transmitted through the solid phase change drive component 162.

[0079] This load bypass relationship can be achieved by having the drive push rod 164 abut only against the axial end of the main load-bearing locking pin 133. The lateral shear load borne by the main load-bearing locking pin 133 is transmitted through the closed bearing surfaces of the two fixed seats, and the solid phase change drive 162 only overcomes the resistance of the locking member 134 and the retraction resistance of the main load-bearing locking pin 133 when unlocking. After the solid phase change drive 162 is activated, the main load-bearing locking pin 133 can be mechanically held in the retracted position, thus eliminating the need for continuous heating.

[0080] As can be seen, this embodiment separates the normal load-bearing function from the phase change unlocking function. The solid phase change drive 162 only outputs a short-stroke unlocking action, which can reduce the impact of long-term static load, frame vibration and impact load on the phase change material; the independent heating element 163, the heat insulation shell 161 and the position detection element 166 make the unlocking triggering and result controllable and verifiable.

[0081] In one possible implementation of this application, the controller 174 can apply segmented heating pulses to the independent heating element 163 and read the position detection element 166 after each pulse. If the main load-bearing locking pin 133 has not yet disengaged, additional pulses can be added within the temperature and allowable action time range; if the position detection element 166 indicates jamming, the node is stopped and another independent release node 135 compatible with the target deformation direction is used instead. This method does not change the mechanical basis of the independent release of each node and can reduce local heat accumulation caused by a single continuous heating.

[0082] This embodiment, based on the joint location detection, further illustrates the cross-verification of whether the backup load-bearing path actually bears the load. See [link to documentation]. Figure 8 The detection and control component 170 simultaneously collects the structural response of the main load-bearing path, the backup load-bearing path, and the main frame 110, and uses the position of the bridging component 152 as independent auxiliary information.

[0083] The detection and control assembly 170 includes a first load-bearing detection element 171, a second load-bearing detection element 172, a displacement detection element 173, and a controller 174. The first load-bearing detection element 171 is disposed on the main load-bearing connection assembly 130. The second load-bearing detection element 172 is disposed on the backup load-bearing assembly 140. The displacement detection element 173 is disposed on the frame body 110. The controller 174 is connected to the first load-bearing detection element 171, the second load-bearing detection element 172, the displacement detection element 173, the engagement position detection element 154, the backup pipe assembly 150, and the node unlocking assembly 160.

[0084] The first load-bearing detection element 171 and the second load-bearing detection element 172 can be strain gauges, load pins, piezoelectric detection elements, fiber optic strain detection elements, or other detection elements capable of reflecting changes in the load of the corresponding components. The displacement detection element 173 can detect the relative displacement between the columns 114, the deflection of the beam 115, the lateral displacement of the frame, or the torsional response. Different detection elements do not need to output the same physical quantity; the controller 174 can convert their respective directions of change, stable periods, and allowable ranges into control criteria.

[0085] The controller 174 determines the load transfer based on the load decrease represented by the first load detection element 171, the load increase represented by the second load detection element 172, and the frame displacement represented by the displacement detection element 173. When the bridging element 152 is in place but the load transfer is not established, the controller 174 determines that the bridging element 152 is in place and prohibits the node unlocking component 160 from operating.

[0086] "Effective connection" indicates that the bridging component 152 has reached its load-bearing position, the load capacity of the backup load-bearing component 140 increases in accordance with the connection, the load capacity of the main load-bearing connection component 130 decreases accordingly, and the frame displacement or torsion does not exceed the allowable range. The controller 174 can also calculate the proportion of the load capacity of the backup load-bearing component 140 in the sum of the main and backup load capacities, and confirm effective connection after this proportion reaches the set connection threshold and remains stable for a certain period of time. The determination of this proportion can be directly based on the calibration table or interval comparison, without specifying a specific calculation formula in the instruction manual.

[0087] In this context, "virtual connection" indicates that the position response of the bridging component 152 has been properly characterized, but there may still be misalignment, foreign objects, partial suspension, or insufficient contact stiffness between the load-bearing component 141 and the support portion 112, causing the backup load-bearing component 140 to fail to bear the load as expected. When a virtual connection occurs, the controller 174 keeps the main load-bearing locking pin 133 in the locked position and can execute power limiting, stop charging and discharging, and maintenance alarms.

[0088] In one specific example, the load on the standby load-bearing component 140 increases from a near-unloaded state, the total load-bearing response of the multiple main load-bearing connection components 130 decreases, and the lateral displacement of the rack remains within the allowable range. The load borne by the standby load-bearing component 140 accounts for 0.86% of the total load of the main and standby paths, and there is no significant drop during the 0.5-second stabilization period. Based on this, the controller 174 confirms effective takeover. This value is a calibration result of the prototype system and does not limit the takeover threshold or stabilization period for other cabinet types.

[0089] As can be seen, this embodiment verifies the transfer of load-bearing paths using multiple interrelated structural responses, which can distinguish between "actuator action completion" and "load-bearing engagement completion". Prohibiting the node unlocking component 160 from operating in the virtual pipe state preserves the original load-bearing path of the main partition 120, reducing the risk of sudden stiffness changes in the frame body 110 due to erroneous release.

[0090] In one possible implementation of this application, controller 174 may establish a structural load consistency criterion. This criterion increases with the load increment of the spare load-bearing component 140 and decreases with abnormal changes in the main load-bearing path and increases in frame torsional displacement. Valid takeover is only confirmed when consistency is within acceptable limits and remains stable for a sustained period. This implementation can suppress the impact of transient fluctuations in individual sensors on unlocking authorization.

[0091] This embodiment, based on the directional folding configuration, further illustrates the limiting, edge sealing, pressure diversion, and external markings after the main partition 120 is folded into place. (See also...) Figure 9 The folded main partition 120 and the flow guide 182 together form a pressure flow space 183 extending toward the safe side of the cabinet, and retain a shielding surface 126 between the abnormal battery compartment 111 and the adjacent battery compartment 111.

[0092] The energy storage cabinet's directional deformation isolation structure 100 also includes a folding limiter 180, a fire-resistant flexible edge banding 181, a flow guide 182, and a status marker 184. The folding limiter 180 connects the main partition 120 to the frame body 110, limiting the folding angle of the main partition 120 and holding it in the folded position. The fire-resistant flexible edge banding 181 connects the side of the main partition 120 to the frame body 110. The flow guide 182 is fixed to the frame body 110 and located on the predetermined deformation side 123 of the main partition 120. After folding, the main partition 120 and the flow guide 182 together define a pressure flow space 183 extending towards the safe side of the cabinet. The status marker 184 is drive-connected to the main partition 120 and is exposed on the outside of the frame body 110 when the main partition 120 is folded.

[0093] The folding limiter 180 can be a high-temperature resistant limiter band, cable, chain, mechanical stop, or one-way locking linkage. It limits the main partition 120 from exceeding the allowable folding angle and maintains the folded position after the node unlocking assembly 160 cools down or loses power. The fire-resistant flexible edge banding 181 can be made of high-temperature resistant fiber cloth, flexible mica composite tape, or fire-resistant coated fabric. It is folded and stored in the normal state and unfolds when the main partition 120 deforms to cover the increased gap between the side of the main partition 120 and the frame body 110.

[0094] The flow deflector 182 can be fixed to the outer frame 118 or the crossbeam 115, and allows the pressure flow space 183 to lead to the top, rear, or other designed safe side of the cabinet. The "safe side of the cabinet" refers to the side that is relatively isolated from the personnel passage area, adjacent battery compartment 111, and critical electrical components, and connects to the cabinet's pressure relief path. The pressure flow space 183 is the medium passage area enclosed by the folded main partition 120, the flow deflector 182, and the cabinet boundary.

[0095] The main partition 120 may have an ablation-resistant layer on the side facing the abnormal battery compartment 111, and a low thermal conductivity layer on the side facing the adjacent battery compartment 111. The ablation-resistant layer is used to withstand short-term erosion by high-temperature gases or particles, and the low thermal conductivity layer is used to delay the transfer of heat to the adjacent battery compartment 111. The status indicator 184 may be a mechanically ejected card, a flip-up color mark, or an indicator rod linked to the main partition 120. Its operation does not depend on the continuous power supply of the controller 174.

[0096] In a specific example, see Figure 12 The folding limiter 180 restricts the maximum folding angle of the main partition 120 to 78 degrees. The first folding segment 125 is located between the abnormal battery module 119 and the adjacent battery module 119, and the second folding segment 125 and the guide shield 182 form an upward contraction channel. This angle is the result of one product structure design; other embodiments can determine the folding range based on the available folding space 113, the guide cross-section, and pipeline avoidance conditions.

[0097] As can be seen, this embodiment ensures that the folded main partition 120 remains an isolation component with a clear geometric boundary, rather than losing its function after being disconnected. The folding limiter 180, the fire-resistant flexible edge sealing member 181, and the flow guide 182 work together to form a shielding, edge sealing, and flow guiding relationship, while the status marker 184 facilitates the identification of the activated battery compartment 111 after an accident and the arrangement of replacement.

[0098] In one possible embodiment of this application, the folding position can be determined by jointly considering the folding angle of the main partition 120, the effective clearance of the folding space 113, and the minimum cross-section of the pressure guiding space 183. The folding angle should be within the allowable range between preventing rebound and avoiding collision; the effective clearance should meet the expansion requirements of the battery module 119; and the minimum cross-section should meet the pressure relief capacity of the cabinet design. The controller 174 can compare the above states one by one by calibrating thresholds without limiting a unified mathematical expression.

[0099] This embodiment, based on bridging component 152, further explains the mechanical backup action in case of control power failure or abnormally rapid pressure rise. See [link to 152]. Figure 10 The pressure-driven delayed mechanism 190, through two sequentially activated transmission sections, causes the same pressure input to first push the bridging member 152 to connect the pipe, and then act on the shear release member 195.

[0100] The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure 100 also includes a pressure-driven delayed action mechanism 190. The pressure-driven delayed action mechanism 190 includes a pressure-bearing component 191, a free-stroke connecting rod 192, a shear release component 195, and a check valve 196.

[0101] The pressure-bearing component 191 is located on the side of the main partition 120 facing the battery compartment 111, with the pressure-bearing surface of the component 191 facing the interior of the battery compartment 111. The pressure-bearing component 191 can be a pressure-bearing push plate, diaphragm, piston surface, or a component capable of converting the internal pressure into linear displacement. The effective area and reset resistance of the pressure-bearing component 191 can be determined based on the passive protection action threshold. This action threshold is higher than the active control preparation or isolation threshold, ensuring that normal pressure fluctuations and anomalies that the active system can handle will not preferentially trigger passive release.

[0102] The idle travel linkage 192 connects to the pressure-bearing member 191 and has a first transmission section 193 that engages with the bridging member 152 and a second transmission section 194 that corresponds to the shear release member 195. The first transmission section 193 is used to push the bridging member 152 into the bearing position during the first stroke. The second transmission section 194 is used to press against the shear release member 195 during the second stroke after the bridging member 152 has entered the bearing position and the idle travel has been eliminated.

[0103] The "idle stroke" refers to the travel range where the input displacement of the pressure-bearing component 191 has not yet been transmitted to the shear release component 195. This can be achieved through a long hole and pin, spaced pressure surfaces, sleeve clearance, or a two-stage cam. The first transmission segment 193 is already engaged with the bridging component 152 before the idle stroke is eliminated; a lag distance is maintained between the second transmission segment 194 and the shear release component 195. Therefore, the sequence of actions within the manufacturing tolerance is determined by the physical geometry, not by a control clock.

[0104] A shear release member 195 is disposed on the upper main load-bearing connection assembly 130 and has a predetermined shear strength, used to release the upper main load-bearing connection assembly 130 while retaining the rotation constraint part 122. A check member 196 cooperates with a bridging member 152 to restrict the bridging member 152 from exiting the load-bearing position.

[0105] The shear release element 195 can be a shear sleeve, shear pin, fragment, or connector with a pre-formed fracture cross-section. A predetermined shear strength ensures that release only occurs after the bridging element 152 has completed engagement and the internal pressure continues to rise. The check pawl 196 can be a check pawl, one-way locking teeth, or a self-locking wedge, and can also function as the mechanical retainer 153. After the shear release element 195 releases the upper node, the lower unreleased node, hinge 136, or restricted rotation element continues to constitute the rotational constraint part 122.

[0106] In one specific arrangement, the independent spare frame serves as a load-bearing component 141, with a 2 mm clearance between it and the frame body 110. After the cabin pressure pushes the pressure-bearing component 191, the idle travel linkage 192 only pushes the bridging component 152 into the spare frame connecting seat within the first 8 mm input stroke. After the bridging component 152 is in place, it is held in place by the check valve 196. As the pressure-bearing component 191 continues to move, the second transmission section 194 presses against the shear release component 195, releasing the upper node of the main bulkhead 120. The above distance is from a prototype mechanism used to illustrate the verifiable sequential relationship between the first and second strokes.

[0107] As can be seen, this embodiment solidifies the sequential relationship between the backup load-bearing connector and the main node release in the pressure-driven delayed-action mechanism 190. Even if the controller 174, the independent heating element 163, or the main power supply fails, the bridging element 152 will first enter the load-bearing position and be held by the check element 196; the main partition 120 will then fold while retaining the rotation constraint part 122, thereby providing a backup safety sequence independent of electrical control.

[0108] In one possible embodiment of this application, a positioning damping element may be provided between the first transmission section 193 and the bridging member 152. After the bridging member 152 reaches the bearing position, the positioning damping element absorbs the remaining impact, the check valve 196 locks in place, and the second transmission section 194 then gradually loads the shear release element 195. This arrangement can reduce the transient load caused by the bridging member 152 colliding with the support portion 112 during passive operation, and ensure that shear release occurs after the backup bearing component 140 has been stably engaged.

[0109] The control method provided in this embodiment is applied to the energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure 100 described in any of the above embodiments, and organizes the abnormal positioning, backup connection, connection verification, sequential release, and folding retention into a time-series closed loop. See also Figure 11 The control method includes steps S101 to S106.

[0110] Step S101: Determine the target battery compartment 111 and the target deformation direction based on the abnormal monitoring data of the battery compartment 111.

[0111] The anomaly monitoring data can be obtained from temperature detectors, gas detectors, pressure detectors, first load-bearing detector 171, second load-bearing detector 172, displacement detector 173, and electrical status acquisition interfaces. This includes temperature and its changing trends, characteristic gases, internal pressure and its changing trends, bulkhead load response, frame displacement, battery voltage, internal resistance, or insulation status. The target battery compartment 111 is the battery compartment corresponding to the anomaly source after multi-source data localization. The target deformation direction is the direction in which the main bulkhead 120 should move into the folding space 113.

[0112] The controller 174 can first compare the available folding space 113, adjacent equipment risks, pressure diversion resistance, and the impact of the main partition 120 release on the rack load distribution of each candidate direction. The larger the available space, the higher the priority of the candidate direction; the greater the adverse impact of adjacent equipment risks, diversion resistance, or load distribution, the lower the priority. The controller 174 selects the direction with the best overall conditions and where the folding path is not occupied by wiring harnesses, pipes, or foreign objects, without using a fixed mathematical formula.

[0113] Step S102: Drive the backup pipe assembly 150 to establish a backup load-bearing connection with the backup load-bearing assembly 140.

[0114] The controller 174 issues a take-off command to the take-off drive 151. The take-off drive 151 pushes the bridging member 152 from the standby position to the load-bearing position, and the mechanical retainer 153 prevents the bridging member 152 from retracting. The backup load-bearing connection means that both ends of the load-bearing member 141 form a continuous load transfer relationship with the two support parts 112 through the load-bearing joint 143, and does not only refer to the backup take-off assembly 150 receiving an action command.

[0115] Step S103: Obtain the first load-bearing response of the main load-bearing connection component 130, the second load-bearing response of the backup load-bearing component 140, the displacement response of the frame body 110, and the position response of the backup pipe assembly 150. Determine the status of the backup load-bearing pipe based on the first load-bearing response, the second load-bearing response, and the displacement response.

[0116] The first load-bearing response characterizes the degree of unloading on the main path, the second load-bearing response characterizes the degree of load increase on the backup path, and the displacement response characterizes the lateral displacement or torsion of the rack body 110 after load redistribution. The position response is provided by the engagement position detection element 154. The controller 174 can require the load-bearing ratio of the backup load-bearing component 140 to reach a preset range, and requires that the change directions of the main and backup paths correspond to each other and that the rack displacement remains within the allowable range. The backup load-bearing takeover state is only confirmed as effective takeover after each criterion has been continuously stable for a period of time.

[0117] In step S104, when the position response indicates that the backup pipe assembly 150 is in place, but the first load response and the second load response do not indicate load transfer, it is determined to be a virtual pipe and the node unlocking assembly 160 is prohibited from operating.

[0118] The process for identifying malfunctioning connectors includes first verifying the position of the bridging component 152, then comparing the first and second load-bearing responses and the rack displacement. If the position is in place but the second load-bearing response does not increase, the first load-bearing response does not decrease, or the rack body 110 exhibits torsion that does not conform to the load transfer law, then the main load-bearing locking pin 133 remains locked. The controller 174 can also control the energy storage system to limit power or stop charging and discharging, disconnect the branch contactor corresponding to the target battery compartment 111, and output a structural fault alarm. After maintenance personnel remove foreign objects, misalignment, or insufficient contact stiffness, steps S102 and S103 can be re-executed.

[0119] In step S105, when the standby load-bearing pipe is in the effective pipe state, drive the node unlocking component 160 sequentially according to the target deformation direction to release the designated main load-bearing connection component 130, while retaining the rotation constraint part 122.

[0120] The controller 174 generates the action sequence of independent release nodes 135 based on the target deformation direction. Each time, only the independent heating element 163 of the current node is driven, and the controller proceeds to the next node only after the main load-bearing locking pin 133 has been disengaged, as confirmed by the position detection element 166. If a node fails to complete its release, the controller 174 stops subsequent actions or selects an alternative node that does not disrupt the rotational constraint relationship. This sequential method ensures that the initial rotation directions of the release starting point, the retained fulcrum, and the main partition 120 are consistent.

[0121] Step S106: Under abnormal load or pre-set driving force, the main partition 120 is folded along the prefabricated guide 121 toward the folding space 113, the folding state of the main partition 120 is detected, and the fault state is maintained after the main partition 120 is folded into place.

[0122] Abnormal loads can be the expansion thrust of battery module 119 or the internal pressure. Pre-set driving force can be provided by a pre-set drive component, which can be a folding spring, a traction component, or a preloaded flexible component. The folding state can be characterized by the displacement of the main bulkhead 120, the folding angle, the position of the folding limiter 180, or the formation state of the pressure diversion space 183. An accident state is a non-automatic reset state where the main bulkhead 120 has folded, the designated main load-bearing connection assembly 130 has been released, and the backup load-bearing assembly 140 remains under load. The controller 174 records the action nodes, load response, and folding state, and prohibits automatic resets without maintenance confirmation.

[0123] Active control can employ a tiered approach. The first-level warning stage increases the sampling frequency and limits the power of battery module 119 without altering the structure of the main separator 120. The second-level preparation stage establishes and verifies a backup load-bearing connection, but does not release the main separator 120. The third-level isolation stage performs sequential unlocking and directional folding. When the control power supply fails or the pressure rises beyond the active system's response capability, the pressure-driven delayed-action mechanism 190 implements fourth-level backup protection. The independent safety control unit can be powered by the backup power supply unit to complete necessary takeover, unlocking, and status recording after the main power supply is cut off.

[0124] After the main partition 120 is folded into place, the controller 174 can activate the fire suppression system, the exhaust system, and the cooling system. The exhaust system guides the high-temperature gas out along the pressure channel space 183, the fire suppression system acts on the target battery compartment 111, and the cooling system suppresses the further spread of heat to adjacent battery compartments 111. The controller 174 continuously monitors the standby load-bearing component 140 and adjacent battery compartments 111, and keeps the status marker 184 visible after the incident.

[0125] As can be seen, this embodiment forms a closed loop through steps S101 to S106, which includes determining the target, establishing a backup load-bearing connection, verifying load transfer, intercepting the dummy connection, sequential unlocking, and directional folding and maintenance. Since the designated main load-bearing connection component 130 is only released after the effective connection is established, and the folding direction of the main partition 120 is determined by the abnormal position, available space, and structural constraints, it is possible to complete local relocation, jet shielding, and pressure diversion while maintaining the load-bearing continuity of the frame body 110.

[0126] In one possible embodiment of this application, based on the aforementioned connection and folding closure of a single target battery compartment 111, a tiered handling method is further described when an anomaly may propagate to adjacent battery compartments 111. See [link to relevant documentation] Figure 13 Each battery compartment 111 in the multi-row rack is equipped with a main partition 120, a spare load-bearing component 140 and an independent release node 135, so that any battery compartment 111 can independently enter the ready state or the isolation state.

[0127] A foldable spare frame can be installed at the rear of each row of battery compartments 111 in the intermediate rack. The upper and lower crossbeams and movable bridging pins of the spare frame constitute the spare load-bearing assembly 140. Under normal conditions, a gap is maintained between the spare frame and the rack body 110, and no main load-bearing path is formed. When a battery compartment 111 enters an abnormal preparation state, only the spare load-bearing assembly 140 corresponding to that battery compartment 111 is engaged; the main partitions 120 of other battery compartments 111 continue to maintain normal load-bearing.

[0128] Adjacent battery compartments 111 can adopt structural operation conditions higher than those of the target battery compartment 111. When the impact of an anomaly spreads to adjacent areas, the controller 174 first puts the adjacent battery compartments 111 into a secondary standby state and verifies their backup load-bearing pipes; only when the anomaly monitoring data of the adjacent battery compartment 111 itself reaches the isolation condition will the corresponding main partition 120 be released. Thus, each battery compartment 111 will not simultaneously lose its main load-bearing path due to a single anomaly.

[0129] In the event of a main control power failure, the pressure-driven delayed-action mechanism 190 of each battery compartment 111 can also be set with different passive action thresholds. The target battery compartment 111 first completes the mechanical connection and upper node release, while adjacent battery compartments 111 remain in their original state. This hierarchical setting localizes the abnormal area, while allowing unaffected areas to continue participating in the frame load-bearing through their main partitions 120.

[0130] As can be seen, this embodiment replicates the aforementioned closed-loop structure of first taking over and then releasing the control unit to each battery compartment 111, and controls the range of action through independent thresholds and independent nodes. This allows for structural isolation to be completed on a single compartment or local area basis, reducing the load redistribution caused by the synchronous release of the entire row of main partitions 120, and reserving time for continued monitoring and subsequent handling of adjacent battery compartments 111.

[0131] In yet another possible embodiment of this application, based on the aforementioned maintenance of the accident state, the safety maintenance sequence for restoring the main load-bearing path is further described. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 14 The safety maintenance sequence includes steps S201 to S205: Step S201: Establish a temporary load-bearing path; After the incident, the folding limiter 180 continues to maintain the folded position of the main partition 120, the mechanical retainer 153 or the check valve 196 continues to maintain the load-bearing position of the bridging member 152, and the status marker 184 remains visible. The controller 174 outputs the activated independent release node 135, the standby load peak, the folded status of the main partition 120, and a list of recommended replacement parts. The system does not automatically reset due to the cooling of the solid-state phase change drive 162.

[0132] Step S202: Replace the activated component; Maintenance personnel first connect the temporary support frame to the main frame 110, allowing the temporary support frame to take over the load borne by the standby load-bearing component 140. After confirming that the temporary load-bearing is stable, the main partition 120, the activated main load-bearing locking pin 133 or shear release component 195, the heated fire-resistant flexible edge sealing component 181, and the node unlocking component 160 that needs to be replaced are replaced.

[0133] Step S203: Restore and verify the main load-bearing path; Maintenance personnel then restored each main load-bearing connection component 130 and confirmed through the first load-bearing detection component 171 that the main load-bearing path was once again bearing the design load.

[0134] Step S204: Release the temporary or backup load-bearing path; After the main load-bearing path is restored and the frame displacement is stable, the mechanical retainer 153 or the check valve 196 is released, allowing the bridging component 152 to exit the load-bearing position, and the temporary support frame is removed. If the spare load-bearing component 140 or the support portion 112 is damaged by heat, it is replaced during the period when the temporary support frame maintains the load.

[0135] Step S205: Verify the functionality of the test piece; After maintenance, the functions of the joint position detection component 154, position detection component 166, first load-bearing detection component 171, second load-bearing detection component 172 and displacement detection component 173 are verified.

[0136] As can be seen, this embodiment follows the basic principle of "first establishing a new load-bearing path, then removing the original load-bearing path," but applies this principle in reverse to post-accident recovery. The temporary support frame first takes over the standby load under the accident condition. After the main load-bearing path is restored and verified, the temporary and standby loads are removed, thereby avoiding new load interruptions during maintenance and forming a traceable maintenance closed loop through action records, visual markings, and component replacement.

[0137] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A directional deformation isolation structure for an energy storage cabinet, characterized in that, include: The main frame (110) forms multiple battery compartments (111) and is provided with two support parts (112) and a folding space (113). The main partition (120) is located between adjacent battery compartments (111) and has a prefabricated guide (121) and a rotation constraint (122), with the predetermined deformation side (123) facing the folding space (113). Multiple main load-bearing connection components (130) are respectively connected to the main partition (120) and the frame body (110). A spare load-bearing component (140) is provided corresponding to the two support portions (112); A spare pipe assembly (150) is connected to a spare load-bearing assembly (140) for engaging the spare load-bearing assembly (140) with the support portion (112). Node unlocking component (160) is connected to the main load-bearing connection component (130). The detection control component (170) connects the main load-bearing connection component (130) and the backup load-bearing component (140), and electrically connects the backup pipe assembly (150) and the node unlocking component (160). It is used to first establish the backup load-bearing connection, and after detecting the load on the backup load-bearing component (140), release the designated main load-bearing connection component (130), so that the main partition (120) is constrained by the rotation constraint part (122) and folds along the prefabricated guide part (121) to the folding space (113).

2. The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main load-bearing connection assembly (130) includes: A frame-side mounting base (131) is fixed to the frame body (110). The partition side connecting seat (132) is fixed to the main partition (120) and corresponds to the frame side fixing seat (131); The main load-bearing locking pin (133) passes through the frame-side fixing seat (131) and the partition-side connecting seat (132). The locking member (134) cooperates with the main load-bearing locking pin (133) and the frame-side fixing seat (131) or the partition-side connecting seat (132) to keep the main load-bearing locking pin (133) in the locked position; Multiple main load-bearing connection components (130) are spaced apart along the periphery of the main partition (120) and each forms an independently releaseable node (135). The rotation constraint part (122) is formed by the unreleased main load-bearing connection components (130), hinges (136), flexible connectors or restricted rotation parts.

3. The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The prefabricated guide section (121) includes: A guide structure (124) is provided on the main partition (120) and has a local bending stiffness lower than that of other areas of the main partition (120). The guide structure (124) is a thinning groove, a broken line, a weakening groove, a corrugated area, a small hole weakening line, a flexible hinge, or a segmented hinge. At least two folded segments (125) are formed by the guide structure (124) on the main partition (120); At least two of the folded segments (125) form a zigzag, V-shaped or inclined shielding surface (126) under the constraint of the rotation constraint (122).

4. The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backup load-bearing component (140) includes: The load-bearing component (141) is a connectable diagonal brace, a movable bridging beam, a foldable spare frame, an externally wrapped load-bearing tie rod, or a wedge-shaped support. The two ends of the load-bearing component (141) correspond to the two support parts (112) respectively. A heat-insulating pressure-bearing member (142) is disposed at at least one load-bearing joint (143) and connects the load-bearing member (141) to the corresponding support portion (112). When the load-bearing member (141) is in the standby position, at least one end has a gap with the corresponding support (112), or the load-bearing member (141) is engaged with both supports (112) under low preload. When the load-bearing member (141) is in the load-bearing position, both ends are engaged with the corresponding support portion (112) for load bearing.

5. The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The backup takeover assembly (150) includes: The connecting drive unit (151) is fixed to the frame body (110). The bridging member (152) is connected to the connecting pipe drive member (151) and can move between the standby position and the load-bearing position, and abuts against the load-bearing member (141) and the corresponding support part (112) respectively in the load-bearing position. A mechanical retainer (153) connects the bridging member (152) to the corresponding support (112) and is used to restrict the bridging member (152) from exiting the load-bearing position; A mating position detection element (154) is provided corresponding to the bridging element (152) and connected to the detection control component (170).

6. The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The node unlocking component (160) includes: The heat insulation housing (161) is fixed to the frame-side fixing seat (131) or the partition-side connecting seat (132). A solid phase change drive (162) is housed in the heat insulation housing (161). An independent heating element (163) is housed in the heat-insulating shell (161) and thermally coupled to the solid phase change drive element (162); The drive push rod (164) is connected to the solid phase change drive component (162) and the main load-bearing locking pin (133) or the locking component (134), respectively. Return component (165) connects the drive push rod (164) and the heat insulation shell (161). A position detection component (166) is provided corresponding to the main load-bearing locking pin (133) and connected to the detection control component (170); When the main load-bearing locking pin (133) is in the locked position, the load is transmitted through the frame-side fixing seat (131), the main load-bearing locking pin (133) and the partition-side connecting seat (132), and is not transmitted through the solid phase change drive (162).

7. The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The detection control component (170) includes: The first load-bearing detection element (171) is disposed on the main load-bearing connection assembly (130). The second load-bearing detection element (172) is disposed on the spare load-bearing component (140). Displacement detection element (173) is disposed on the frame body (110). The controller (174) is connected to the first load detection component (171), the second load detection component (172), the displacement detection component (173), the engagement position detection component (154), the spare pipe assembly (150), and the node unlocking assembly (160), respectively. The controller (174) determines the load transfer based on the load decrease represented by the first load detection element (171), the load increase represented by the second load detection element (172), and the frame displacement represented by the displacement detection element (173). When the joint position detection element (154) indicates that the bridging element (152) is in place but the load transfer is not established, it determines that it is a dummy connection and prohibits the node unlocking component (160) from operating.

8. The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A folding limiter (180) connects the main partition (120) and the frame body (110) to limit the folding angle of the main partition (120) and keep the main partition (120) in the folded position; Fire-resistant flexible edge sealing component (181) connects the side of the main partition (120) to the frame body (110). The flow guide (182) is fixed to the frame body (110) and located on the predetermined deformation side (123) of the main partition (120). The folded main partition (120) and the flow guide (182) together define a pressure flow space (183) extending toward the safe side of the cabinet. A status marker (184) is driven to the main partition (120) and is exposed on the outside of the frame body (110) when the main partition (120) is folded.

9. The energy storage cabinet directional deformation isolation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure-driven delay mechanism (190), which comprises: A pressure-bearing component (191) is disposed on the side of the main partition (120) facing the battery compartment (111), with the pressure-bearing surface of the pressure-bearing component (191) facing the interior of the battery compartment (111); The idle travel linkage (192) connects to the pressure-bearing member (191) and has a first transmission section (193) that drives the bridging member (152) and a second transmission section (194) that corresponds to the shear release member (195). The first transmission section (193) is used to push the bridging member (152) into the bearing position in the first stroke, and the second transmission section (194) is used to press against the shear release member (195) in the second stroke after the bridging member (152) has entered the bearing position and the idle travel is eliminated. A shear release member (195) is provided on the upper main load-bearing connection assembly (130) and has a predetermined shear strength, for releasing the upper main load-bearing connection assembly (130) and retaining the rotation constraint part (122). The check valve (196), in conjunction with the bridging member (152), is used to restrict the bridging member (152) from exiting the load-bearing position.

10. A control method for a directional deformation isolation structure of an energy storage cabinet, applied to the directional deformation isolation structure of an energy storage cabinet as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: The target battery compartment and the direction of target deformation were determined based on the abnormal monitoring data of the battery compartment. Drive the backup pipe assembly to establish a backup load-bearing connection with the backup load-bearing assembly; The first load-bearing response of the main load-bearing connection component, the second load-bearing response of the backup load-bearing component, the displacement response of the frame body, and the position response of the backup pipe assembly are obtained, and the status of the backup load-bearing pipe assembly is determined based on the first load-bearing response, the second load-bearing response, and the displacement response. When the position response indicates that the backup takeover component is in place, but the first load response and the second load response do not indicate load transfer, it is determined to be a dummy takeover and the node unlocking component is prohibited from operating; When the backup load-bearing pipe is in an active pipe state, the node unlocking component is driven sequentially according to the target deformation direction to release the designated main load-bearing connection component, while retaining the rotation constraint part; The main partition is folded along the prefabricated guide section into the folding space under abnormal load or pre-set driving force, the folding state of the main partition is detected, and the fault state is maintained after the main partition is folded into place.

Images