Hydraulic rapid clamping clamp

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydraulic quick clamping fixture which comprises a cylinder body, a one-way valve a, a manual pump, a one-way valve b, a manual reversing valve, a cylinder cover and a locking top peg, a working cavity is formed in the middle of the cylinder body and comprises a first cavity body and a second cavity body, and a top extension piston is installed in the first cavity body and is closed and sealed through the cylinder cover; a closed cavity II is formed between the top extension piston and the front cavity of the first cavity, and a closed cavity I is formed between the top extension piston and the rear cavity of the first cavity; a locking thread is machined in the second cavity, and the locking top bolt is connected with the locking thread in a matched mode. An oil storage cavity is formed in the rear side of the top of the cylinder body and connected with a one-way valve a through a pipeline, the one-way valve a is connected with a manual pump through a pipeline, the manual pump is connected with a one-way valve b through a pipeline, the one-way valve b is connected with a hand-operated direction valve through a pipeline, and the hand-operated direction valve is connected with a closed cavity I and a closed cavity II through pipelines. Rapid hydraulic clamping and positioning can be achieved through single-person operation, and operation safety risks can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of clamps, in particular to a hydraulic quick-loading clamp. Background Art

[0002] At present, the clamping jaws used in the crankshaft vertical lathe are mechanical trapezoidal thread transmission clamping jaws. There are the following problems when clamping and disassembling workpieces:

[0003] 1. When clamping, two people should use an extended socket wrench to clamp. If the wrench or nut fails and falls off during the clamping process, it will cause a serious safety accident. At the same time, the clamping force is too large, and the internal components are prone to fatigue damage if they are in this state for a long time.

[0004] 2. The jaws are not airtight enough, and tiny iron chips enter the trapezoidal thread. When clamping, the iron chips stay between the screw rod and the nut, causing damage to the components and destroying the smoothness of the trapezoidal thread transmission.

[0005] 3. When lowering the jaws, a safety distance of about 50 mm must be maintained between the clamp and the workpiece, and the workpiece must be clamped again when it is put back on. The efficiency is low when performing the loosening and clamping operations, and the operability is not strong. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a hydraulic quick-loading clamp is provided. The technical means adopted by the utility model are as follows:

[0007] A hydraulic quick-loading fixture comprises: a cylinder body, a one-way valve a, a manual pump, a one-way valve b, a manual reversing valve, a cylinder cover and a locking push bolt, wherein the middle part of the cylinder body is a working chamber, comprising a front first chamber and a rear second chamber which are connected, the push piston is installed in the first chamber and is sealed by the cylinder cover; wherein the cylinder cover is fixed to the front end face of the cylinder body by multiple sets of bolts, a through hole is provided in the middle part of the cylinder cover, the front end of the push piston passes through the front end face of the cylinder body and the through hole of the cylinder cover, and the rear end of the push piston extends into the second chamber;

[0008] A closed cavity II is formed between the extending piston and the front cavity of the first cavity, and a closed cavity I is formed between the extending piston and the rear cavity of the first cavity;

[0009] A locking thread is processed in the second cavity, the front end of the locking top bolt is matched and connected with the locking thread, and the rear end extends out of the rear end surface of the cylinder body;

[0010] The manual pump is installed on the rear end face of the cylinder body, and an oil storage chamber is processed on the top side rear of the cylinder body for storing hydraulic oil; the oil storage chamber is connected to the one-way valve a through a pipeline, the one-way valve a is connected to the manual pump through a pipeline, the manual pump is connected to the one-way valve b through a pipeline, the one-way valve b is connected to the manual reversing valve through a pipeline, and the manual reversing valve is connected to the closed cavity I and the closed cavity II through a pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressure gauge a and a pressure gauge b are installed on the rear end face of the cylinder body. The pressure gauge a is connected to the closed cavity II through an oil passage and is used to monitor the pressure inside the closed cavity II; the pressure gauge b is connected to the closed cavity I through an oil passage and is used to monitor the pressure inside the closed cavity I.

[0012] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided between the oil storage chamber and the one-way valve a.

[0013] Furthermore, an overflow valve is provided between the one-way valve b and the manual reversing valve.

[0014] Furthermore, an exhaust valve is provided on the top of the cylinder body.

[0015] Furthermore, an oil storage cover is provided on the top of the cylinder body.

[0016] Furthermore, a protective cover is hingedly connected to the rear end of the cylinder body.

[0017] Furthermore, the locking thread is a self-locking trapezoidal thread.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of bolt holes are provided on both sides of the bottom surface of the cylinder body, and bolts are connected in the bolt holes. The hydraulic quick-loading clamp is installed and fixed on the machine tool chuck through the plurality of bolt holes and bolts.

[0019] Furthermore, a lifting hole is processed on the top surface of the cylinder body.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. When the hydraulic clamp of the utility model is used to clamp the workpiece, a single person can operate it. The clamping process is completed by pressing the pressure to the specified pressure through the manual pump, and the mechanical positioning knob is fixed to complete the mechanical positioning and then the pressure is released. The operating efficiency of the clamping process is improved by 50%.

[0022] 2. The hydraulic clamping device of the utility model adopts the hydraulic principle to realize clamping and loosening. Single-person operation realizes rapid hydraulic clamping and positioning. The clamping force is reasonable and quantifiable through the manual pump. The mechanical positioning knob is fixed to realize mechanical positioning. It can avoid operational safety risks.

[0023] Based on the above reasons, the utility model can be widely promoted in the fields of workpiece clamping and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 This is the hydraulic control principle diagram of the clamp of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is the appearance diagram (front view) of the hydraulic clamp of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is the appearance diagram (rear view) of the hydraulic clamp of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hydraulic clamp of the utility model.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Cylinder body; 2. Filter; 3. Exhaust valve; 4. Check valve a; 5. Manual pump; 6. Check valve b; 7. Overflow valve; 8. Manual reversing valve; 9.1. Pressure gauge a; 9.2. Pressure gauge b; 10. Extending piston; 11. Cylinder head; 12. Protective cover; 13. Locking top bolt; 14. Oil storage cap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] The utility model provides a hydraulic quick clamping fixture, which relates to a clamping tool for machining large-tonnage parts with a machine tool, in particular to a tool for quick clamping of crankshaft machining.

[0032] The utility model aims to improve the operability of adjusting and centering of processed workpieces and to improve the efficiency and safety of workpiece clamping.

[0033] 1. The hydraulic clamp has good sealing performance, and iron chips will not enter the hydraulic cylinder, which can avoid damage to transmission parts caused by iron chips.

[0034] 2. Generally, mechanical gripper damage is caused by fatigue fracture of the internal structure, which is not easy to identify with the naked eye. However, when hydraulic gripper is damaged, oil leakage or failure to clamp normally may occur, which can be discovered in time.

[0035] 3. Using a manual hydraulic pump, one person can achieve the clamping and loosening functions by repeatedly applying pressure using the operating lever. It is highly maneuverable, light and fast.

[0036] 4. Compared with general mechanical clamps, it is safer and more reliable during the clamping process, and effectively eliminates unsafe factors during the closing process of the extended wrench.

[0037] The utility model provides a fast and efficient clamping tool. Through the reciprocating motion of a hydraulic manual pump, a piston moves forward to press a workpiece, and the operation is easy.

[0038] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the hydraulic clamp of the utility model is applied to large machine tools. The cylinder body 1 as the main component integrates the support, the cylinder body, the oil storage chamber, and the valve plate installation function. Other components are integrated on the cylinder body 1 to form a hydraulic clamp. There are 4 fixing bolt holes at the bottom of the cylinder body 1, the middle part is the working chamber, the front end of the middle part is the cylinder body for assembling the piston, and the rear end is a hole with a locking thread for installing the locking top bolt. The top surface is processed with a lifting hole, and the top side rear is processed with an oil storage chamber for storing hydraulic oil. The cylinder body 1 is processed with a hydraulic oil channel inside, and the hydraulic oil is transported into the cylinder body 1 through a pipeline connection; a manual pump 5, a pressure gauge and a protective cover 12 are installed at the rear.

[0039] The hydraulic clamp components of the utility model mainly include: a cylinder body 1, a filter screen 2, an exhaust valve 3, a one-way valve a4, a manual pump 5, a one-way valve b6, a relief valve 7, a manual reversing valve 8, a pressure gauge a9.1, a pressure gauge b9.2, a top piston 10, a cylinder cover 11, a protective cover 12, a locking top bolt 13, and an oil storage cover 14.

[0040] There are 4 bolt holes on the bottom of the hydraulic clamp cylinder body 1, which are used to install and fix the hydraulic clamp on the machine tool chuck. The front end of the cylinder body 1 is processed into a cylinder cavity to install the extension piston 10, and is sealed by the cylinder head 11 to form a front closed cavity II of the cylinder. The extension piston 10 and the rear cavity of the cylinder body 1 form a rear closed cavity I. Among them, the cylinder head 11 is fixed to the front end face of the cylinder body 1 by multiple groups of bolts, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the cylinder head 11. The front end of the extension piston 10 passes through the front end face of the cylinder body 1 and the through hole of the cylinder head 11, and the rear end of the extension piston 10 extends into the rear cavity of the cylinder body 1. The rear end of the cylinder body 1 is processed with a self-locking trapezoidal thread, and a locking top bolt 13 is installed. The front end of the locking top bolt 13 is connected with the self-locking trapezoidal thread, and the rear end extends out of the rear end face of the cylinder body 1. The rear end face of the cylinder body 1 is processed as the installation surface of the manual pump 5, the pressure gauge, and the protective cover 12. The cylinder body 1 has a processing channel inside to connect the closed cavity I and closed cavity II of the oil cylinder, and the outside is connected to the oil supply component manual pump 5 through a pipeline. Among them, the oil storage cavity is connected to the one-way valve a4 through a pipeline, the one-way valve a4 is connected to the manual pump 5 through a pipeline, the manual pump 5 is connected to the one-way valve b6 through a pipeline, the one-way valve b6 is connected to the manual reversing valve 8 through a pipeline, and the manual reversing valve 8 is connected to the closed cavity I and the closed cavity II through a pipeline. Two pressure gauges are connected to the closed cavity I and the closed cavity II of the oil cylinder through the oil passage, respectively, to monitor the pressure of the closed cavity I and the closed cavity II of the oil cylinder. A filter 2 is set between the oil storage cavity and the one-way valve a4. An oil storage cover 14 is set on the top of the cylinder body 1. A relief valve 7 is set between the one-way valve b6 and the manual reversing valve 8. The exhaust valve 3 is set at the top of the cylinder body 1. The protective cover 12 is hinged to the rear end of the cylinder body 1 to protect the components of the hydraulic clamp.

[0041] Working principle: First, install the hydraulic clamp in a suitable position according to the needs of the workpiece to be processed. The hydraulic clamp's top extension piston 10 is fully retracted, and the top of the piston 10 is fixed to the hydraulic clamp 50mm away from the workpiece. When clamping and adjusting the workpiece, the manual reversing valve 8 is switched to position a, so that the top extension piston 10 moves forward when the hydraulic oil enters the closed cavity I. The handle of the manual pump 5 is manually shaken back and forth, and the hydraulic oil is sucked into the manual pump 5 from the oil storage chamber through the filter 2 and the one-way valve a4. The manual pump 5 is pressurized to allow the liquid oil to pass through the one-way valve b6 and the manual reversing valve 8 into the closed cavity I of the cylinder, and the high-pressure oil drives the top extension piston 10 to extend and support the workpiece. After adjusting to the appropriate position, tighten the locking bolt 13 to lock the position of the top extension piston 10, and the manual reversing valve 8 is switched to position b, and the cylinder cavity I is depressurized to complete the action of the hydraulic clamp clamping the workpiece.

[0042] At this time, the hydraulic system is in a load-unloading standby state, which can protect the hydraulic components and avoid changes in clamping force caused by hydraulic internal leakage. The hydraulic clamp completely clamps the workpiece by locking the top bolt 13 and extending the piston 10. The function of the one-way valve a4 and the one-way valve b6 is to prevent the hydraulic oil from flowing back when the oil is supplied to the cylinder body 1, and to continuously supply oil to the cavity when the handle of the manual pump 5 reciprocates. The overflow valve 7 plays a safety role and limits the maximum pressure of the manual pump. The exhaust valve 3 balances the air pressure in the oil storage cavity.

[0043] When the workpiece needs to be removed, the locking push bolt 13 is released, and the manual reversing valve 8 is switched to position b, so that the push piston 10 retreats when oil pressure enters cavity II. The handle of the manual pump 5 is manually shaken back and forth, and the hydraulic oil of the manual pump 5 is sucked from the oil storage cavity through the filter screen 2 and the one-way valve a4. The manual pump 5 is pressurized to make the liquid oil pass through the one-way valve b6 and the manual reversing valve 8 into the oil cylinder cavity II, and the push piston 10 is retracted by the high-pressure oil to release the workpiece.

[0044] The clamping force of the hydraulic clamp depends on the pressure of the cylinder cavity I, which can be detected in real time by the pressure gauge b9.2. The maximum clamping force of the hydraulic clamp can reach 40 tons. The pressure gauge a9.1 detects the pressure of the cylinder cavity II when the hydraulic clamp is released.

[0045] The utility model can solve the difficulty of assembling workpieces in existing large machine tools, reduce labor intensity, save installation time, and reduce costs. The clamping process efficiency is increased by 50%. The utility model is simple to install and easy to use, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the efficient, stable, and reliable operation of the equipment. The economic and market benefits are significant.

[0046] The utility model can be implemented on a 5.5-meter crankshaft vertical lathe.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic quick-loading fixture, It is characterized in that include: A cylinder body (1), a one-way valve a (4), a manual pump (5), a one-way valve b (6), a manual reversing valve (8), a cylinder cover (11) and a locking push bolt (13); the middle part of the cylinder body (1) is a working chamber, comprising a front first chamber and a rear second chamber which are connected to each other; a push piston (10) is installed in the first chamber and is sealed by the cylinder cover (11); wherein the cylinder cover (11) is fixed to the front end surface of the cylinder body (1) by a plurality of sets of bolts; a through hole is provided in the middle part of the cylinder cover (11); the front end of the push piston (10) passes through the front end surface of the cylinder body (1) and the through hole of the cylinder cover (11); and the rear end of the push piston (10) extends into the second chamber; A closed cavity II is formed between the extending piston (10) and the front cavity of the first cavity, and a closed cavity I is formed between the extending piston (10) and the rear cavity of the first cavity; A locking thread is processed in the second cavity, the front end of the locking top bolt (13) is matched and connected with the locking thread, and the rear end extends out of the rear end surface of the cylinder body (1); The manual pump (5) is mounted on the rear end face of the cylinder body (1); an oil storage chamber is machined on the rear side of the top of the cylinder body (1) for storing hydraulic oil; the oil storage chamber is connected to a one-way valve a (4) via a pipeline; the one-way valve a (4) is connected to the manual pump (5) via a pipeline; the manual pump (5) is connected to a one-way valve b (6) via a pipeline; the one-way valve b (6) is connected to a manual reversing valve (8) via a pipeline; the manual reversing valve (8) is connected to a closed cavity I and a closed cavity II via a pipeline.

2. The hydraulic quick-loading fixture according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A pressure gauge a (9.1) and a pressure gauge b (9.2) are mounted on the rear end surface of the cylinder body (1); the pressure gauge a (9.1) is connected to the closed cavity II via an oil passage and is used to monitor the pressure in the closed cavity II; the pressure gauge b (9.2) is connected to the closed cavity I via an oil passage and is used to monitor the pressure in the closed cavity I.

3. The hydraulic quick-loading fixture according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A filter screen (2) is provided between the oil storage chamber and the one-way valve a (4).

4. The hydraulic quick-loading fixture according to claim 1, It is characterized in that An overflow valve (7) is provided between the one-way valve b (6) and the manual reversing valve (8).

5. The hydraulic quick-loading fixture according to claim 1, It is characterized in that An exhaust valve (3) is provided on the top of the cylinder body (1).

6. The hydraulic quick-loading fixture according to claim 1, It is characterized in that An oil storage cover (14) is provided on the top of the cylinder body (1).

7. The hydraulic quick-loading fixture according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The rear end of the cylinder body (1) is hingedly connected with a protective cover (12).

8. The hydraulic quick-loading fixture according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The locking thread is a self-locking trapezoidal thread.

9. The hydraulic quick-loading fixture according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A plurality of bolt holes are provided on both sides of the bottom surface of the cylinder body (1), bolts are matched and connected in the bolt holes, and the hydraulic quick-loading clamp is installed and fixed on the machine tool chuck through the plurality of bolt holes and the bolts.

10. The hydraulic quick-loading fixture according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The top surface of the cylinder body (1) is processed with a lifting hole.

Images