Positioning anti-loosening structure, primary suspension device, bogie and railway vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a locating anti-loose structure, a primary suspension device, a bogie and a railway vehicle, the locating anti-loose structure is installed on a locating guide pillar and comprises a nut and a rotation stopping gasket, the rotation stopping gasket comprises a gasket body, the gasket body is provided with a central through hole for the locating guide pillar to penetrate through, and the nut is arranged in the central through hole. Four limiting pieces are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer ring of the gasket body, and at least two limiting pieces are attached to the side plane of the nut to achieve the rotation stopping effect after being bent. When the nut is assembled, at least two limiting pieces are guaranteed to be attached to the two side planes of the nut to achieve the rotation stopping function, the rest limiting pieces do not affect falling of a framework after being bent, and therefore the situation that all the limiting pieces are located at the corner angles of the nut after the nut is fastened can be effectively avoided; the limiting piece is bent only by applying force in the axial direction of the nut, reverse acting force generated when the limiting piece is bent is avoided, and the positioning and anti-loosening functions of the elastic positioning sleeve are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of primary suspension devices for rail vehicles, and in particular relates to a positioning and anti-loosening structure, a primary suspension device, a bogie and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The bogie is an important component of a railway vehicle. The bogie includes a primary suspension device, a frame, and a wheelset axle box. One end of the primary suspension device is connected to the frame, and the other end is connected to the wheelset axle box to transmit the wheel axle force to the vehicle.

[0003] The primary suspension device includes a positioning guide column, an axle box spring and other components. The positioning guide column is vertically installed in the middle of the axle box spring. The top end of the positioning guide column is fixedly connected to the frame, and the bottom end of the positioning guide column extends toward the wheelset axle box and passes through the axle box. An elastic positioning sleeve is mounted on the positioning guide column. When the elastic positioning sleeve is assembled, a nut is used to fix the bottom end of the positioning guide column.

[0004] In the existing first-class suspension devices, in order to prevent the nut from loosening during long-term operation and affecting the operational safety of the vehicle, the nut is also provided with a rotation-stopping structure. There are generally two types of rotation-stopping structures, one is to directly use an anti-loosening nut, and the other is to install a rotation-stopping washer for rotation-stopping.

[0005] In the existing first-class suspension devices, the anti-rotation washer generally includes 6 protrusions, and the 6 protrusions need to be in contact with the side of the nut to play the role of anti-rotation. However, in actual operation, it is difficult to ensure that the 6 protrusions of the anti-rotation washer are exactly in contact with the six planes of the nut when they are bent when the nut is fastened on the positioning guide column. In the production process of existing vehicles, it often happens that the 6 bent protrusions of the anti-rotation washer are just at the six corners of the nut. In this way, when bending the anti-rotation washer against the nut with tools such as chisels and hammers, it is in contact with the nut M56 both in the tightening direction and in the loosening direction. When it is in contact with the nut in the loosening direction, due to the large bending force of tools such as chisels and hammers, this will cause the nut to become loose, affecting product quality.

[0006] After on-site analysis and demonstration, it was found that the reason why the nut M56 became loose was caused by the reverse force when the bending stop washer was raised. Utility Model Content

[0007] The main technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a positioning and anti-loosening structure which can improve the fastening and anti-loosening capability of a nut.

[0008] Another technical problem mainly solved by the utility model is to provide a first-order suspension device which can improve the ability of tightening and preventing nuts from loosening, and at the same time provide a bogie and a rail vehicle equipped with the first-order suspension device.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0010] A positioning and anti-loosening structure is installed on a positioning guide column, including a nut and a rotation-stop washer. The rotation-stop washer includes a washer body, a central through hole for passing the positioning guide column is opened on the washer body, and four limiting plates are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer ring of the washer body. At least two of the limiting plates are abutted against the side plane of the nut after bending to prevent rotation.

[0011] Furthermore, two positioning protrusions are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the inner ring of the gasket body, and two grooves are correspondingly arranged on the positioning guide column. The grooves are axially extended on the positioning guide column, and after installation, the positioning protrusions are correspondingly embedded in the grooves.

[0012] Furthermore, the two positioning protrusions are arranged correspondingly to two of the limiting plates which are arranged radially symmetrically.

[0013] Furthermore, the two positioning protrusions are L-shaped as a whole, and are formed by the inner ring edge of the gasket body extending toward the center and then bending to one side.

[0014] Furthermore, the extending direction of the two positioning protrusions is the same as the bending direction of the limiting piece.

[0015] Furthermore, the four limiting plates extend outward from the outer ring edge of the gasket body by the same length.

[0016] Furthermore, the positioning guide column includes a mounting plate and a column body, the mounting plate is located at the top of the column body, the column body includes a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section in sequence, an elastic positioning sleeve is mounted on the second section, and a threaded section connected to the nut is provided on the third section.

[0017] In order to solve the above technical problems, the second technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0018] A first-stage suspension device includes a positioning guide column and an axle box spring assembly, wherein the positioning guide column is vertically installed in the middle of the axle box spring assembly, the top end of the positioning guide column is fixedly connected to a frame, the bottom end of the positioning guide column passes through the axle box, an elastic positioning sleeve is mounted on the positioning guide column, and the positioning and anti-loosening structure described above is installed on the positioning guide column below the elastic positioning sleeve.

[0019] In order to solve the above technical problems, the third technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0020] A bogie comprises the primary suspension device as described above.

[0021] In order to solve the above technical problems, the fourth technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0022] A rail vehicle comprises the bogie as described above.

[0023] In summary, the positioning and anti-loosening structure, the first-series suspension device, the bogie and the rail vehicle provided by the utility model have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] (1) The utility model changes the number of limit plates used for bending by the anti-rotation washers from 6 in the traditional structure to 4, and when assembling the nut, at least 2 limit plates are guaranteed to be in contact with the two side planes of the nut to achieve the anti-rotation function, and the remaining limit plates can be used as long as they do not affect the frame drop after being bent. This can effectively avoid that all the limit plates are at the corners of the nut after the nut is tightened. It only needs to apply force in the axial direction of the nut to bend the limit plates, thus avoiding the reverse force generated when bending the limit plates in the traditional structure, and ensuring the tightening state of the nut, ultimately playing a role in positioning and preventing loosening of the elastic positioning sleeve, solving the problem of positioning and preventing loosening of the elastic positioning sleeve under severe vibration during vehicle operation, and saving the cost of after-sales vehicle lifting and maintenance.

[0025] (2) The utility model ensures that the anti-rotation washer cannot rotate on the positioning guide column by opening a groove on the positioning guide column, which cooperates with the two positioning protrusions on the anti-rotation washer. It further ensures that the anti-rotation washer will not rotate during the tightening process of the nut and the process of bending the limit plate after tightening, thereby further ensuring the positioning and anti-loosening effect of the anti-rotation washer on the nut.

[0026] (3) The utility model has a simple and reliable structure, which can greatly improve the positioning and anti-loosening effect of the elastic positioning sleeve on the positioning guide column, improve the reliability of vehicle operation, and save maintenance costs.

[0027] The specific implementation modes of the present utility model are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are part of the present invention and are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0029] In the attached picture:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the positioning and anti-loosening structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the positioning and anti-loosening structure of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the anti-rotation washer of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the positioning guide column of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the elastic positioning sleeve of the utility model.

[0035] In the figure:

[0036] Positioning guide column 1, mounting plate 11, mounting hole 111, column 12, first section 121, second section 122, third section 123, fourth section 124, groove 13, elastic positioning sleeve 2, nut 3, anti-rotation washer 4, washer body 41, center through hole 42, limit plate 43, positioning protrusion 44, anti-drop pin socket 5.

[0037] It should be noted that the drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the utility model but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, the utility model provides a positioning and anti-loosening structure, which is installed on a positioning guide column 1 in a primary suspension device of a rail vehicle bogie.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the positioning guide column 1 is composed of a mounting plate 11 and a column 12. The mounting plate 11 is located at the top of the column 12. The column 12 is vertically mounted on one side of the mounting plate 11. The mounting plate 11 is a rectangular plate. The mounting plate 11 is provided with mounting holes 111 for inserting and fastening bolts. The mounting plate 11 is installed on a frame (not shown in the figure) by bolts, so that the top of the positioning guide column 1 is fixed on the frame. An elastic positioning sleeve 2 is provided on the upper sleeve of the column 12. A nut 3 and a rotation-stopping washer 4 are installed on the column 12 below the elastic positioning sleeve 2 (i.e., on the side away from the mounting plate 11). The rotation-stopping washer 4 plays a role in preventing the nut 3 from rotating and loosening, thereby positioning and preventing the elastic positioning sleeve 2 from loosening. The bottom end of the column 12 passes through the axle box (not shown in the figure). A pair of anti-drop pin insertion holes 5 are provided at the bottom end of the column 12, which are used to insert elastic support pins (not shown in the figure) into the anti-drop pin insertion holes 5 after the vehicle falls off.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the anti-rotation washer 4 includes a washer body 41, a central through hole 42 for passing the positioning guide column 1 is opened on the washer body 41, four limit plates 43 are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the washer body 41, and the four limit plates 43 are arranged in an orthogonal cross shape on the washer body 41. When the nut 3 is tightened into place, at least two of the limit plates 43 are bent and abut against the side plane of the nut 3 to prevent rotation.

[0044] The best state is that the four limit pieces 43 can be in contact with the side plane of the nut 3 after being bent. If one or two limit pieces 43 located at the corners of the nut 3 cannot be in contact with the side plane of the nut 3 after being bent after the nut 3 is tightened in place, the limit piece 43 only needs to be bent by applying force in the axial direction of the nut 3 without affecting the frame falling off, and is not required to be in contact with the side plane of the nut 3.

[0045] By adopting the above structure, the limit plates 43 used for bending the anti-rotation washer 4 are changed from 6 in the traditional structure to 4. When assembling the nut 3, even if the angle of the nut 3 after being tightened into place is uncertain, it can be ensured that at least 2 limit plates 43 are abutted against the two side planes of the nut 3, and the remaining limit plates 43 only need to not affect the frame falling after bending, that is, the outer edge of the limit plate 43 after bending does not exceed the outer peripheral surface of the elastic positioning sleeve 2 in the radial direction.

[0046] In this way, it can not only effectively avoid the situation that after the nut 3 is tightened, all the limit plates 43 are at the corners of the nut 3, and the limit plates 43 need to be bent by reverse or forward hammering, causing the nut 3 to loosen when the anti-rotation washer 4 is abutted, but also ensure that at least two limit plates 43 can be abutted against the side plane of the nut 3 to play a role of anti-rotation and prevent the nut 3 from rotating. The remaining limit plates 43 that cannot be abutted against the side plane of the nut 3 only need to be bent by force in the vertical direction without affecting the frame falling off, and there is no need to reverse or forward hammering to apply force to bend the limit plates 43, thereby avoiding the reverse force generated when bending the limit plates 43, which causes the nut 3 to loosen, and at the same time can ensure the positioning and anti-loosening function of the elastic positioning sleeve 2, thereby solving the positioning and anti-loosening problem of the elastic positioning sleeve when the vehicle vibrates violently during operation.

[0047] In this embodiment, preferably, the four stopper pieces 43 extend outward from the outer ring edge of the washer body 41 to the same length. In this way, no matter what the relative position between the nut 3 and the anti-rotation washer 4 is after the nut 3 is tightened in place, the contact area between the stopper piece 43 and the side plane of the nut 3 after bending can be guaranteed to ensure the anti-rotation effect, and at the same time, it is also helpful to simplify the structure of the anti-rotation washer 4 and reduce the manufacturing difficulty.

[0048] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the present embodiment, it is also preferred that two positioning protrusions 44 are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the inner ring of the gasket body 41, and the two positioning protrusions 44 extend toward the center direction of the gasket body 41, and two grooves 13 are correspondingly arranged on the positioning guide column 1, and the grooves 13 are axially extended on the positioning guide column 1, and the positioning protrusions 44 are correspondingly embedded in the grooves 13 after installation.

[0049] In the above structure, the groove 14 structure opened on the positioning guide column 1 cooperates with the two positioning protrusions 44 on the anti-rotation washer 4. During the process of inserting the anti-rotation washer 4 into the positioning guide column 1, the groove 13 guides the positioning protrusion 44. At the same time, since the positioning protrusion 44 is embedded in the groove 13, the installation direction of the anti-rotation washer 4 can also be limited. More importantly, it can also ensure that the anti-rotation washer 4 will not rotate on the positioning guide column 1 during the tightening process of the nut 3 and the bending of the limiting plate 43 after tightening. It can further ensure that the anti-rotation washer 4 has two limiting plates 43 abutting against the two side planes of the nut 3 after the nut 3 is tightened, thereby ensuring the positioning and anti-loosening effect of the anti-rotation washer 4 on the nut 3.

[0050] In this embodiment, it is further preferred that the two positioning protrusions 44 are arranged corresponding to the two radially symmetrically arranged limiting plates 43. The center lines of the two positioning protrusions 44 and the center lines of the two limiting plates 43 coincide with each other in the radial direction, which is conducive to determining the positions of at least two limiting plates 43 in the anti-rotation washer 4 relative to the nut 3.

[0051] In the present embodiment, it is further preferred that the two positioning protrusions 44 are preferably of an L-shaped structure as a whole, and are formed by the inner ring edge of the washer body 41 extending toward the center and then bending to one side. This is beneficial to increasing the length of the positioning protrusion 44 cooperating with the groove 13 on the positioning guide column 1, thereby preventing the two positioning protrusions 44 from being forced out of the groove 13 on the positioning guide column 1 during the tightening process of the nut 3 and the bending process of the limit plate 43, so that the two positioning protrusions 44 can play a better anti-rotation effect on the anti-rotation washer 4.

[0052] In the present embodiment, it is further preferred that the extending direction of the two positioning protrusions 44 is the same as the bending direction of the limiting plate 43. Thus, while playing a role in preventing rotation, it will not affect the assembly relationship between the anti-rotation washer 4, the nut 3 and the positioning guide column 1.

[0053] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the column body 12 of the positioning guide column 1 includes a coaxial first section 121, a second section 122, a third section 123 and a fourth section 124, and the diameters of the first section 121, the second section 122, the third section 123 and the fourth section 124 decrease from large to small, wherein the first section 121 is connected to the mounting plate 11, an elastic positioning sleeve 2 is mounted on the second section 122, a threaded section connected to the nut 3 is provided on the third section 123, two grooves 13 are provided on the third section 123, and extend along the axial direction of the third section 123, and a pair of anti-dropout pin sockets 5 are provided on the fourth section 124.

[0054] During assembly, the elastic positioning sleeve 2 is first installed on the positioning guide column 1, and then the anti-rotation washer 4 is installed. When installing the anti-rotation washer 4, the two positioning protrusions 44 are respectively inserted into the two grooves 13 on the third section 123 of the positioning guide column 1. After being inserted into place, the nut 3 is installed. After the nut 3 is tightened into place, the four limiting plates 43 are hammered and bent in the axial direction of the nut 3. At least two of the limiting plates 43 will be in contact with the side plane of the nut 3 after bending, and the limiting plates 43 that cannot be in contact with each other only need to be bent.

[0055] The positioning and anti-loosening structure provided by the utility model has the following advantages:

[0056] (1) The positioning and anti-loosening structure changes the number of limit plates 43 used for bending the anti-rotation washer 4 from 6 in the traditional structure to 4, and when assembling the nut 3, at least 2 limit plates 43 are guaranteed to be in contact with the two side planes of the nut 3 to achieve the anti-rotation function, and the remaining limit plates 43 only need to not affect the frame drop after being bent. This can effectively avoid that all the limit plates are at the corners of the nut after the nut is tightened. It only needs to apply force in the axial direction of the nut to bend the limit plates, avoiding the reverse force generated when bending the limit plates in the traditional structure, and ensuring the tightening state of the nut. Finally, it plays a role in positioning and preventing the elastic positioning sleeve from loosening, solves the problem of positioning and preventing the elastic positioning sleeve from loosening under severe vibration during vehicle operation, and saves the cost of after-sales vehicle lifting and maintenance.

[0057] (2) The positioning and anti-loosening structure, by means of a groove 13 on the positioning guide column 1, cooperates with the two positioning protrusions 44 on the anti-rotation washer 4, thereby ensuring that the anti-rotation washer 4 cannot rotate on the positioning guide column 1, and further ensuring that the anti-rotation washer 4 will not rotate during the tightening process of the nut 3 and during the bending process of the limit plate 43 after tightening, thereby further ensuring the positioning and anti-loosening effect of the anti-rotation washer on the nut.

[0058] (3) The positioning and anti-loosening structure is simple and reliable, and can greatly improve the positioning and anti-loosening effects of the elastic positioning sleeve 2 on the positioning guide column, thereby improving the reliability of vehicle operation and saving maintenance costs.

[0059] Embodiment 2:

[0060] In this embodiment, a first-stage suspension device is provided, one end of which is connected to the frame and the other end is positioned and connected to the wheelset axle box, and is used to transmit wheel-rail force to the vehicle.

[0061] A suspension device includes a positioning guide column 1 and an axle box spring assembly (not shown in the figure), the axle box spring assembly includes two circles of axle box springs, namely an inner circle spring and an outer circle spring. The positioning guide column 1 is vertically installed in the middle of the inner circle spring, the top of the positioning guide column 1 is fixedly connected to the frame, the bottom end of the positioning guide column 1 passes through the axle box, and an elastic positioning sleeve 2 is mounted on the positioning guide column 1. The nut 3 and the anti-rotation washer 4 provided in Example 1 are installed on the positioning guide column 1 below the elastic positioning sleeve 2. An anti-drop pin socket 5 is provided at the bottom end of the column 12. After the vehicle falls off, an elastic support pin (not shown in the figure) is inserted into the anti-drop pin socket 5.

[0062] Embodiment three:

[0063] A bogie comprises a frame, a primary suspension device, a secondary suspension device, a wheel set axle box, a central traction device, etc. Two sets of wheels are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the side beam of the frame, each set of wheels comprises a pair of wheel set axle boxes, the primary suspension device is installed between the wheel set axle box and the frame, the secondary suspension device is installed between the frame and the car body, and the central traction device is installed between the frame and the car body. One of the primary suspension devices adopts the primary suspension device provided above.

[0064] Embodiment 4:

[0065] A rail vehicle comprises a vehicle body and a bogie, wherein the bogie is the bogie provided above.

[0066] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this patent can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents suggested above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can be further combined or replaced. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and anti-loosening structure, installed on the positioning guide column, Features: It includes a nut and a stop washer, the stop washer includes a washer body, the washer body is provided with a central through hole for passing the positioning guide column, four limit plates are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the washer body, and at least two of the limit plates are abutted against the side plane of the nut after bending to prevent rotation.

2. The positioning and anti-loosening structure according to claim 1, Features: Two positioning protrusions are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the inner ring of the gasket body, and two grooves are correspondingly arranged on the positioning guide column. The grooves are axially extended on the positioning guide column, and the positioning protrusions are correspondingly embedded in the grooves after installation.

3. The positioning and anti-loosening structure according to claim 2, Features: The two positioning protrusions are arranged correspondingly to two of the limiting pieces which are arranged radially symmetrically.

4. The positioning and anti-loosening structure according to claim 3, Features: The two positioning protrusions are L-shaped as a whole, and are formed by the inner ring edge of the gasket body extending toward the center and then bending to one side.

5. The positioning and anti-loosening structure according to claim 4, Features: The extending direction of the two positioning protrusions is the same as the bending direction of the limiting piece.

6. The positioning and anti-loosening structure according to claim 1, Features: The four limiting plates extend outward from the outer ring edge of the gasket body by the same length.

7. The positioning and anti-loosening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, Features: The positioning guide column includes a mounting plate and a column body, the mounting plate is located at the top of the column body, the column body includes a first section, a second section, a third section and a fourth section in sequence, an elastic positioning sleeve is mounted on the second section, and a threaded section connected to the nut is provided on the third section.

8. A primary suspension device, Features: It includes a positioning guide column and an axle box spring assembly, the positioning guide column is vertically installed in the middle of the axle box spring assembly, the top end of the positioning guide column is fixedly connected to the frame, the bottom end of the positioning guide column passes through the axle box, an elastic positioning sleeve is mounted on the positioning guide column, and a positioning and anti-loosening structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is installed on the positioning guide column below the elastic positioning sleeve.

9. A bogie, Features: Comprising a primary suspension device as claimed in claim 8.

10. A rail vehicle, Features: Comprising a bogie as claimed in claim 9.

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