High-load flue gas overtemperature prevention device of garbage incinerator

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment, and provides a high-load flue gas overtemperature prevention device of a garbage incinerator, which comprises a first flue, a second flue, a third flue, a fourth flue, a water cooling wall, a heat exchange tube, an economizer, a steam pocket, an ascending tube, a descending tube and a steam tube which are connected in sequence, the water cooling wall comprises a bottom pipe connected with the downcomer, a vertical pipe, a partition plate and a T-shaped pipe, two pairs of mounting plate sets are arranged on the rear side of the water cooling wall, each mounting plate set comprises an upper hook plate and a lower hook plate, the top of each upper hook plate is hooked between the corresponding T-shaped pipe and the corresponding partition plate, and the bottom of each lower hook plate is hooked between the corresponding bottom pipe and the corresponding partition plate. A three-way valve is arranged at the joint of the water cooling wall and the downcomer, a first temperature sensor is arranged at the top of the first flue, and a second temperature sensor is arranged at the bottom of the second flue. The device is reasonable in design, simple in structure, high in heat exchange efficiency and suitable for large-scale popularization, and the water cooling wall is convenient to disassemble and replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of garbage processing equipment and relates to a high-load smoke over-temperature prevention device for a garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] Commonly used garbage disposal methods: landfill and incineration. Incineration and incineration power generation: Its advantages are thorough and fast treatment, and also realize the resource treatment of garbage. The garbage incinerator is composed of four major systems: garbage pre-treatment system, incineration system, smoke biochemical dust removal system and gas generator (auxiliary ignition and incineration), integrating automatic feeding, screening, drying, incineration, ash cleaning, dust removal and automatic control. In the flue of the garbage incinerator, the combustion flue gas has a high temperature, and in order to ensure the subsequent treatment of the exhaust gas, a water-cooled wall is generally used to prevent the flue gas temperature from overheating.

[0003] The existing patent CN202020664338.8 discloses a waste incinerator coated with a composite crystal film, which includes a combustion zone and a flue gas heat exchange zone, and the flue gas heat exchange zone is composed of four vertical flues in sequence; the first and second flues are provided with membrane water-cooled walls around and on the ceiling; the front and rear walls and ceiling of the third flue are provided with membrane water-cooled walls, and the upper and lower parts of the third flue are respectively provided with flag-type convection tubes, and the middle part is provided with a superheater; the fourth flue is provided with an economizer; wherein the membrane water-cooled wall, the flag-type convection tube, and the tube bundle of the superheater are coated with a composite crystal film. On the one hand, this application can prevent the flue gas from overheating, and on the other hand, it can also solve the most difficult chlorine corrosion problem in the waste incinerator, greatly reducing the ash and coking on the surface of the furnace tube, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the waste incineration. However, in actual waste incinerators, the water-cooled wall mostly adopts a tube row structure, which includes multiple single tubes, and is installed with the flue with a number of clamps and bolts. The installation efficiency is low and it is inconvenient to disassemble and replace. Secondly, the flue gas temperature in the first, second and third flues tends to decrease, but the flow rate in this system lacks reasonable coordination, which affects the efficiency of heat exchange, so the actual working performance of the water-cooled wall still has room for improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims at the technical problems existing in the waste incinerator in terms of flue gas temperature treatment, and proposes a high-load flue gas overtemperature prevention device for the waste incinerator, which has a reasonable design, high heat exchange efficiency and is easy to dismantle and replace the water-cooled wall.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is that the high-load smoke over-temperature prevention device for the garbage incinerator provided by the utility model includes a first flue, a second flue, a third flue and a fourth flue connected in sequence, the first flue and the second flue are provided with water-cooled walls, the third flue is provided with heat exchange tubes, the fourth flue is provided with an economizer, a steam drum is provided on the water path of the economizer, the steam drum is provided with an ascending pipe, a downcomer and a steam pipe, the water-cooled wall includes a bottom pipe connected to the downcomer, a plurality of vertical pipes distributed at intervals are provided on the bottom pipe, and partitions are provided between adjacent vertical pipes, the The vertical length of the partition is smaller than the length of the vertical pipe, and the tops of all vertical pipes are connected by T-tubes, and the T-tubes are connected to the risers. Two pairs of mounting plate groups are arranged on the rear side of the water-cooled wall, and the mounting plate groups include an upper hook plate and a lower hook plate, and the upper hook plate and the lower hook plate are installed on the rear wall of the first flue and the rear wall of the second flue by bolts. The top of the upper hook plate is hooked between the T-tube and the partition, and the bottom of the lower hook plate is hooked between the bottom pipe and the partition. A three-way valve is arranged at the connection between the water-cooled wall and the downcomer, a first temperature sensor is arranged at the top of the first flue, and a second temperature sensor is arranged at the bottom of the second flue.

[0006] Preferably, a pair of first hook grooves hooked to two partitions are provided at the top of the upper hook plate, and a pair of second hook grooves hooked to two hook plates are provided at the bottom of the lower hook plate. Both the first hook groove and the second hook groove are U-shaped structures and reinforcing rib plates are provided on the back thereof.

[0007] Preferably, the upper hook plate is provided with a vertical waist-shaped hole on the connecting surface between the upper hook plate and the lower hook plate, and the waist-shaped hole is slidably matched with the bolt.

[0008] Preferably, a slot for plugging with the upper hook plate is provided on the top of the lower hook plate.

[0009] Preferably, the heat exchange tube is an inclined spiral tube, the bottom of the spiral tube is connected to the downcomer and the top of the spiral tube is connected to the upcomer via a straight tube.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the utility model are:

[0011] 1. The utility model provides a high-load smoke over-temperature prevention device for a garbage incinerator. The partition in the water-cooled wall can increase the heating area of ​​the vertical pipe, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency of the water-cooled wall. Moreover, the installation plate group can quickly establish a connection with the water-cooled wall, which improves the installation efficiency and is easy to dismantle and replace. The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are used for the temperature gradient in the first flue and the second flue, and the three-way valve is used to adjust the flow of the downcomer to different water-cooled walls, which is beneficial to improve the actual heat exchange efficiency in the device, thereby improving the over-temperature prevention control performance of the flue. The device has a reasonable design, a simple structure, a high heat exchange efficiency, and is easy to dismantle and replace the water-cooled wall, which is suitable for large-scale promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-load smoke over-temperature prevention device for a garbage incinerator provided in an embodiment;

[0014] Figure 2 An axonometric view of a water-cooled wall provided for an embodiment;

[0015] Figure 3 An axonometric view of the water-cooled wall and the mounting plate assembly provided in the embodiment in another direction;

[0016] Figure 4 Provided for example Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure in the middle;

[0017] In the above figures, 1. first flue; 2. second flue; 3. third flue; 4. fourth flue; 5. water-cooled wall; 51. bottom pipe; 52. vertical pipe; 53. partition; 54. T-tube; 6. heat exchange tube; 7. economizer; 8. steam drum; 9. riser; 10. downcomer; 11. steam pipe; 12. mounting plate group; 121. upper hook plate; 122. lower hook plate; 123. first hook groove; 124. second hook groove; 125. bolt; 126. reinforcing rib plate; 13. three-way valve; 14. first temperature sensor; 15. second temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the utility model, the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. For the convenience of description, if the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" appear below, they only indicate that the upper, lower, left and right directions are consistent with the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

[0019] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the following disclosure.

[0020] Examples, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the high-load flue gas over-temperature prevention device for a garbage incinerator provided by the utility model comprises a first flue 1, a second flue 2, a third flue 3 and a fourth flue 4 which are connected in sequence, a water-cooled wall 5 is arranged in the first flue 1 and the second flue 2, a heat exchange tube 6 is arranged in the third flue 3, an economizer 7 is arranged in the fourth flue 4, a steam drum 8 is arranged on the water path of the economizer 7, the steam drum 8 is provided with an ascending pipe 9, a downcomer 10 and a steam pipe 11, wherein the downcomer 10 can distribute the water in the steam drum 8 to different water-cooled walls 5 and heat exchange tubes 6, and the ascending pipe 9 can allow the water vapor after endothermic vaporization to enter the steam drum 8 and complete the water vapor separation from the steam drum 8. On this basis, the water-cooled wall 5 provided by the utility model includes a bottom tube 51 connected to the downcomer 10, a plurality of vertical tubes 52 distributed at intervals are arranged on the bottom tube 51, a partition 53 is arranged between adjacent vertical tubes 52, the vertical length of the partition 53 is less than the length of the vertical tube 52, the tops of all vertical tubes 52 are connected by a T-tube 54, the T-tube 54 is connected to the riser 9, and two pairs of mounting plate groups 12 are arranged on the rear side of the water-cooled wall 5, and the mounting plate group 12 includes an upper hook plate 121 and a lower hook plate 122, the upper hook plate 121 and the lower hook plate 122 are installed on the rear wall of the first flue 1 and the rear wall of the second flue 2 by bolts 125, the top of the upper hook plate 121 is hooked between the T-tube 54 and the partition 53, the bottom of the lower hook plate 122 is hooked between the bottom tube 51 and the partition 53, a three-way valve 13 is provided at the connection between the water-cooled wall 5 and the downcomer 10, a first temperature sensor 14 is provided at the top of the first flue 1, and a second temperature sensor 15 is provided at the bottom of the second flue 2.

[0021] Specifically, the partition 53 in the water-cooled wall 5 can increase the heating area of ​​the vertical pipe 52 and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the water-cooled wall 5 on the one hand, and can improve the hanging node between it and the mounting plate group 12 on the other hand. For example, the upper hook plate 121 and the lower hook plate 122 are first installed on the inner wall of the flue by bolts, and the water-cooled wall 5 is moved from top to bottom. The lower hook plate 122 is first hooked to the bottom of the partition 53, and then the upper hook plate 121 is hooked to the top of the partition 53. In this way, a connection relationship with the water-cooled wall 5 can be quickly established, and the water-cooled wall 5 itself does not need to be fixed with extra clamps and other connecting parts, thereby improving the installation efficiency and facilitating disassembly and replacement. Furthermore, the first temperature sensor 14 and the second temperature sensor 15 are used to measure the temperature gradient in the first flue 1 and the second flue 2, and the three-way valve 13 is used to adjust the flow rate of the downcomer 10 distributed to different water-cooled walls 5. After obtaining the temperature gradient, the system controller can appropriately adjust the opening of different three-way valves 13. For example, under normal circumstances, the flue gas temperature in the first flue 1 is higher than the flue gas temperature in the second flue 2, and the flow rate of the water-cooled wall 5 in the first flue 1 is increased, and the flow rate of the water-cooled wall 5 in the second flue 2 is reduced. This can improve the actual heat exchange efficiency in the device, thereby improving the anti-overtemperature control performance of the flue.

[0022] In order to improve the installation stability of the mounting plate group 12 on the water-cooled wall 5, the utility model is provided with a pair of first hook grooves 123 hooked with two partitions 53 at the top of the upper hook plate 121, and the gap between the first hook grooves 123 is cross-connected with the vertical pipe 52, and a pair of second hook grooves 124 hooked with two hook plates are provided at the bottom of the lower hook plate 122, and the gap between the second hook grooves 124 is cross-connected with the vertical pipe 52. At the same time, the first hook groove 123 and the second hook groove 124 are both U-shaped structures to ensure that the upper hook plate 121 and the lower hook plate 122 have a certain hanging span with the water-cooled wall 5, and the back of the first hook groove 123 and the second hook groove 124 are provided with reinforcing ribs 126 used to increase the structural strength of the mounting plate group 12.

[0023] In order to facilitate disassembly and assembly, the upper hook plate 121 provided by the utility model is provided with a vertical waist-shaped hole on the connection surface between it and the lower hook plate 122, and the waist-shaped hole is slidably matched with the bolt. In this way, the upper hook plate 121 and the lower hook plate 122 are installed to the flue by bolts, and the upper hook plate 121 can adjust the actual hanging span between it and the lower hook plate 122 by sliding up and down. For example, when the water-cooled wall 5 is moved from top to bottom, the lower hook plate 122 is first hooked to the bottom of the partition 53, and the upper hook plate 121 is adjusted upward until the upper hook plate 121 passes through the gap between the partition 53 and the T-tube 54 and hooks on the top of the partition. The upper hook plate 121 automatically sinks under the action of gravity, so the upper hook plate 121 and the lower hook plate 122 constitute an effective clamping condition, that is, the water-cooled wall 5 and the flue quickly establish a connection relationship; conversely, the upper hook plate 121 is first lifted upward and made to leave the gap between the partition 53 and the T-tube 54, and then the water-cooled wall 5 is lifted upward to complete the removal. In this way, except for the connection between the T-tube 54 and the riser 9, and the connection between the bottom tube 51 and the downcomer 10, the connection nodes of the water-cooled wall 5 are reduced, but effective assembly can still be achieved.

[0024] Since the temperature of the flue gas in the third flue 3 is much lower than that of the first two flues, the utility model adopts a heat exchange tube 6 with a relatively simple structure in the third flue 3, and the heat exchange tube 6 adopts an inclined spiral tube, the bottom of the spiral tube is connected to the downcomer 10 and the top is connected to the riser 9 through a straight tube, thereby providing a certain cooling structure for the flue gas in the third flue 3, with a simple structure and strong practicality.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-load flue gas overtemperature prevention device for a garbage incinerator, comprising a first flue, a second flue, a third flue and a fourth flue connected in sequence, wherein the first flue and the second flue are provided with water-cooled walls, the third flue is provided with heat exchange tubes, the fourth flue is provided with an economizer, a steam drum is provided on the water path of the economizer, and the steam drum is provided with an ascending pipe, a descending pipe and a steam pipe, characterized in that: The water-cooled wall includes a bottom tube connected to the downcomer, a plurality of vertical tubes distributed at intervals are arranged on the bottom tube, a partition is arranged between adjacent vertical tubes, the vertical length of the partition is less than the length of the vertical tube, the tops of all vertical tubes are connected by a T-tube, the T-tube is connected to the riser, two pairs of mounting plate groups are arranged on the rear side of the water-cooled wall, the mounting plate group includes an upper hook plate and a lower hook plate, the upper hook plate and the lower hook plate are installed on the rear wall of the first flue and the rear wall of the second flue by bolts, the top of the upper hook plate is hooked between the T-tube and the partition, the bottom of the lower hook plate is hooked between the bottom tube and the partition, a three-way valve is arranged at the connection between the water-cooled wall and the downcomer, a first temperature sensor is arranged at the top of the first flue, and a second temperature sensor is arranged at the bottom of the second flue.

2. The high-load smoke over-temperature prevention device for a garbage incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pair of first hook grooves hooked to two partitions are provided at the top of the upper hook plate, and a pair of second hook grooves hooked to two hook plates are provided at the bottom of the lower hook plate. Both the first hook groove and the second hook groove are U-shaped structures and reinforcing rib plates are provided on the back sides thereof.

3. The high-load smoke over-temperature prevention device for a garbage incinerator according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper hook plate is provided with a vertical waist-shaped hole on the connection surface between the upper hook plate and the lower hook plate, and the waist-shaped hole is slidably matched with the bolt.

4. The high-load smoke over-temperature prevention device for a garbage incinerator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The top of the lower hook plate is provided with a slot for plugging with the upper hook plate.

5. The high-load smoke over-temperature prevention device for a garbage incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat exchange tube is an inclined spiral tube, the bottom of the spiral tube is connected to the downcomer and the top of the spiral tube is connected to the upcomer via a straight tube.

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