Metallurgical furnace for top-blown molten pool refining

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal metallurgy, and discloses a top-blown molten pool refining metallurgical furnace, which comprises a top-blown oxidation reduction spray gun and a top-blown combustion gun, the top-blown combustion gun is provided with a spray gun control device, the front end of a furnace body is provided with a feed port, the inner end of a furnace shell is provided with a refractory material, and the top-blown oxidation reduction spray gun is provided with a spray gun control device. A slag outlet is formed in the furnace shell, and a product melt discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the side, opposite to the feeding opening, of the furnace shell. The metallurgical furnace for top-blown molten pool refining can be used for copper matte blowing or crude copper refining, scrap copper smelting and the like in copper smelting, especially for removing impurities and recycling copper metal of waste wires and cables, directly butting melt with a continuous casting and rolling production process and producing high-precision copper materials, and also can be used for smelting lead and zinc to replace the existing furnace profile; the metallurgical furnace can also be used for metal casting and the like in copper-lead-zinc deep processing enterprises, and has the advantages of simple structure, cost reduction, low labor intensity of workers, good environment-friendly effect and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal smelting, in particular to a metallurgical furnace for top-blowing molten pool refining. Background Art

[0002] In the field of non-ferrous metal smelting, different smelters use different furnace types for processing according to the requirements of smelting raw materials and target products. From the broad perspective of furnace structure, they can be divided into fixed furnace types and rotary furnace types; according to the gas supply method and gas supply position, they can be divided into top blowing, side blowing, bottom blowing, combined blowing and other methods. Different furnace types are promoted and applied due to their respective process advantages.

[0003] In the prior art, there is a certain room for improvement. The utility model proposes a top-blown molten pool refining metallurgical furnace, which can be used for matte blowing or crude copper refining, scrap copper smelting, etc. in copper smelting, especially for removing impurities and recovering copper metal from discarded wires and cables. The melt is directly connected to the continuous casting and rolling production process to produce high-precision copper materials. It can also be used for lead and zinc smelting to replace existing furnace types, and can also be used for metal melting in copper, lead and zinc deep processing enterprises. The metallurgical furnace has the advantages of simple structure, reduced cost, low labor intensity for workers, and good environmental protection effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a metallurgical furnace for top-blowing molten pool refining to solve the problem in the above-mentioned background technology that there is still room for improvement in the prior art.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: A metallurgical furnace for top-blown molten pool refining, comprising a furnace body and a top-blown spray gun system. The spray gun system comprises a top-blown redox spray gun, a top-blown combustion gun, and a spray gun transmission device. The top-blown redox spray gun is located at the upper part of the furnace body, at the rear of the furnace body; a top-blown combustion gun is arranged at the front side of the redox spray gun; the top-blown redox spray gun and the top-blown combustion gun control the height of the spray gun inserted into the furnace cavity through the spray gun transmission device. The furnace body comprises a furnace shell, which is a square structure, and a charging port is arranged on the side of the furnace body. The furnace shell is lined with refractory materials, and an oxidant or a reductant can be introduced according to the process requirements, and can be switched quickly. The spray gun lifting device is used to control the depth of the spray gun insertion according to the needs of the smelting cycle.

[0008] Preferably, a slag outlet is provided in the length direction of the furnace shell, and the furnace shell is built with refractory materials to form a furnace for melt reaction. The furnace body is built with refractory materials and is designed in different areas according to the functions of different parts of the furnace body. The refractory material at the bottom of the furnace pool below the spray gun is built in an inverted arch structure, and the injected gas causes the melt to be stirred. The lower part of the feeding port is built in a convex structure to cushion the impact of adding solid materials and reduce liquid splashing. The lower part of the slag outlet is built in a convex structure, and the slag is automatically discharged from the slag outlet as the melt surges formed by the gas injected by the top-blowing spray gun.

[0009] Preferably, a flue port is fixedly provided at the upper end of the furnace, and a melt discharge port is provided at the lower part of the furnace shell on the side opposite to the feed port.

[0010] Preferably, an auxiliary material feeding port is fixedly provided at the front end of the upper end of the furnace shell, a spray gun hole is provided at the upper end of the furnace shell for inserting the spray gun, an auxiliary material feeding port is provided on the furnace top, and a sealing device is provided to prevent smoke from overflowing.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the top-blowing combustion gun extends to the interior of the furnace shell, and the opening can facilitate the top-blowing redox spray gun to enter the interior of the furnace shell. The temperature in the furnace is controlled by spraying natural gas, oil and air, and oxygen-enriched air mixture. The direction of the burner flame is relative to the lower edge of the feeding port, which is convenient for quickly melting the added solid materials. The burner can be in the form of a sleeve with oxygen passing inside and natural gas passing outside, or it can be in the form of a double tube that passes oxygen and natural gas or oil and gas respectively.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] 1. The top-blown molten pool refining metallurgical furnace can be used for matte blowing or crude copper refining, scrap copper smelting, etc., especially for the removal and recovery of copper metal from waste wires and cables. The melt is directly connected to the continuous casting and rolling production process to produce high-precision copper materials. It has the advantages of simple structure, reduced cost, low labor intensity for workers, and good environmental protection effect.

[0014] 2. The top-blown molten pool refining metallurgical furnace can be used for lead and zinc smelting to replace the existing furnace type, and can also be used for metal casting in copper, lead and zinc deep processing enterprises, which increases the practicality of use and makes it easier for workers to melt and cast various metal materials;

[0015] 3. The top-blown molten pool refining metallurgical furnace continuously adds slag-forming agent through the auxiliary material feeding port, so that the impurities in the melt are continuously oxidized to form slag. The compressed gas sprayed into the top-blowing lance causes the melt to be violently stirred, so that the slag floating on the surface of the melt can automatically flow out through the slag outlet, eliminating the need for manual slag removal and reducing labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional detail structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a partially enlarged cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged cross-sectional structure of local details of the utility model.

[0021] In the figure: 1. top-blowing redox spray gun; 2. top-blowing combustion gun; 3. spray gun control device; 4. furnace shell; 5. charging port; 6. refractory material; 7. slag outlet; 8. furnace; 9. flue port; 10. melt discharge port; 11. auxiliary material feeding port; 12. through port; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 The utility model provides a technical solution: a metallurgical furnace for top-blowing molten pool refining, comprising a furnace body and a top-blowing lance system, the lance system comprising a top-blowing redox lance 1, a top-blowing combustion lance 2, and a lance transmission device 3. The top-blowing redox lance 1 is located at the upper part of the furnace body, at the rear of the furnace body; a top-blowing combustion lance 2 is arranged at the front side of the redox lance; the top-blowing redox lance 1 and the top-blowing combustion lance 2 control the height of the lance inserted into the furnace cavity through the lance transmission device 3. The furnace body comprises a furnace shell 4, the furnace shell is a square structure, a charging port 5 is arranged on the side of the furnace body, and the furnace shell is lined with refractory material 6.

[0025] A slag outlet 7 is provided in the length direction of the furnace shell 4. After the furnace shell 4 is built with refractory materials, it becomes a furnace 8 for melt reaction. A flue port 9 is fixedly provided at the upper end of the furnace chamber 8. A melt discharge port 10 is provided at the lower side of the furnace shell 4 opposite to the feed port. An auxiliary material adding port 11 is fixedly provided at the front end of the upper end of the furnace shell 4. A spray gun hole is provided at the upper end of the furnace shell 4 for inserting a spray gun 12.

[0026] A top-blown refining metallurgical furnace can be used for crude copper refining or impurity copper refining, especially for the removal and recovery of copper metal from waste wires and cables. The output melt is directly connected to the continuous casting and rolling production process to produce high-precision copper materials. Specifically, at the beginning of the smelting cycle, a feeding device is used to directly add solid materials into the middle of the furnace 8 through the feeding port 5. The refractory material 6 in the middle of the furnace 8 can buffer the collision and melt splash caused by the falling of the solid materials; when the processed raw material is a liquid melt, it can be added into the furnace using a chute installed outside the furnace. After the feeding is completed, the top of the furnace body is used to The burner and the top-blowing redox spray gun 1 heat and melt the solid materials in the furnace or maintain the temperature in the furnace. The burner uses natural gas and pure oxygen for heating. The flame direction is controlled to be aligned with the lower part of the feeding port 5, so that the high-temperature area of ​​the flame concentrates on melting the solid materials just added, thereby improving the utilization rate of heat. After all the materials are melted or the temperature in the furnace reaches the process requirements, the top-blowing redox spray gun 1 is adjusted in height by using the furnace top spray gun lifting fixture, and the bottom of the top-blowing redox spray gun 1 is inserted into the melt. At the same time, the spray gun is quickly switched to the compressed air / rich air nozzle by using the spray gun quick switching joint. The top-blown redox spray gun 1 is connected with oxygen and air, so that the top-blown redox spray gun 1 sprays gas into the molten pool for oxidation operation. The furnace top is provided with a spray gun covering mud device, which can automatically cover the surface of the top-blown redox spray gun 1 with a layer of refractory mud to slow down the loss of the spray gun. The gas supply pressure of the top-blown redox spray gun 1 is controlled to be 0.1Mpa~0.5Mpa. The bottom end of the top-blown redox spray gun 1 is inserted into the melt to a depth of 100mm~400mm. At the same time, slag-forming agent is continuously added from the auxiliary material addition port 11, so that impurities in the melt are continuously oxidized and slag-formed. The compressed gas sprayed by the top-blown redox spray gun 1 The melt is stirred violently, so that the slag floating on the surface of the melt can automatically surge out through the slag outlet 7, eliminating the need for manual slag removal and reducing labor intensity. The generated smoke is discharged through the flue port 9. After the oxidation and slag removal operation is completed, the compressed air is switched to the reducing agent injection device through the quick connector on the top of the top-blowing oxidation-reduction spray gun 1, and the reducing agent such as coal powder or natural gas + oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the molten pool through the top-blowing oxidation-reduction spray gun 1 to reduce the copper solution. The qualified copper solution after reduction is discharged through the melt outlet 10 and cast into an anode plate.

[0027] Embodiment 2:

[0028] A top blowing metallurgical furnace can be applied to the copper matte blowing process in copper smelting. Specifically, the matte produced in the smelting process is added to the furnace through a chute through a charging port 5, and a spray gun control device 3 is used to control the depth of a top-blowing redox spray gun 1 in the melt. The top-blowing redox spray gun 1 sprays oxygen-rich gas into the melt, and the oxygen-rich concentration is controlled at 21% to 30%, so as to blow the copper and sulfur in the melt. During the blowing process, the top-blowing redox spray gun 1 is stirred in a certain range in the molten pool through the spray gun control device 3, and slag-forming agents such as silicon dioxide or limestone are added from the auxiliary material addition port 11 to slag impurities such as Fe and Zn in the melt. The slag floats on the surface of the molten pool and overflows and is discharged through a slag outlet 7. After continuous blowing and oxidation, the copper matte produces crude copper with a copper grade of more than 98.5%, and the crude copper is discharged through a melt discharge port 10.

[0029] Embodiment three:

[0030] A top blowing metallurgical furnace can be used in the lead smelting industry. Specifically, the lead-containing material and the flux are first mixed and granulated according to a certain proportion, and then added into the furnace from the auxiliary material adding port 11. The materials in the furnace are melted and heated by the burners on both sides of the furnace body. When the furnace reaches a predetermined height, the feeding is stopped. The top blowing redox spray gun 1 is controlled by the spray gun control device 3 to be inserted into the molten pool. The top blowing redox spray gun 1 sprays oxygen-enriched air into the molten pool, forming a strong stirring in the furnace, accelerating the melting of the materials in the furnace, and causing oxidation and interaction reactions. The temperature in the furnace is controlled at 900℃~1350℃. The metal lead and high-lead slag produced by oxidation are separated due to different densities. The metal lead is discharged from the melt outlet 10 at the bottom of the furnace body. The remaining high-lead slag in the furnace is reduced. Flux and reducing coal powder are added from the auxiliary material addition port 11. The height of the top-blowing redox lance 1 is controlled so that the top-blowing redox lance 1 is always immersed in the melt. The top-blowing redox lance 1 is switched to introduce natural gas to reduce the high-lead slag in the furnace. The reduction temperature is controlled at 1000℃~1400℃. In order to maintain the required temperature in the furnace, heat is added from the burner to ensure the reduction temperature. The metal lead and slag produced after reduction are separated due to different densities. The slag on the surface of the melt is discharged through the slag outlet 7, and the metal lead is released from the melt outlet 10, completing a furnace operation.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the utility model by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A metallurgical furnace for top-blowing molten pool refining, comprising a furnace body and a top-blowing lance system, characterized in that: The spray gun system comprises a top-blowing redox spray gun (1), a top-blowing combustion gun (2), and a spray gun transmission device (3), wherein the top-blowing redox spray gun (1) is located at the upper part of a furnace body and at the rear of the furnace body; a top-blowing combustion gun (2) is arranged at the front side of the redox spray gun; the top-blowing redox spray gun (1) and the top-blowing combustion gun (2) are inserted into the furnace cavity to control the height of the spray guns through the spray gun transmission device (3); the furnace body comprises a furnace shell (4), the furnace shell is a square structure, a charging port (5) is arranged on the side of the furnace body, and the furnace shell is lined with refractory material (6).

2. A top-blown molten pool refining metallurgical furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace shell (4) is provided with a slag outlet (7) in the length direction, and the furnace shell (4) is formed into a furnace (8) for melt reaction after being built with refractory materials.

3. A top-blown molten pool refining metallurgical furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flue port (9) is fixedly provided at the upper end of the furnace chamber (8), and a melt discharge port (10) is provided at the lower part of the furnace shell (4) on the side opposite to the feed port.

4. A top-blown molten pool refining metallurgical furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front end of the upper end of the furnace shell (4) is fixedly provided with an auxiliary material feeding port (11), and the upper end of the furnace shell (4) is provided with a spray gun hole for inserting a spray gun (12).

5. A top-blown molten pool refining metallurgical furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the top-blowing combustion gun (2) extends to the interior of the furnace shell (4).

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