High-pressure fin and plate-fin heat exchanger using same
The upper and lower symmetrical H-shaped fin structure formed through the hot extrusion process solves the problems of large demand for fin brazing materials in traditional aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers and insufficient pressure bearing capacity, achieving higher pressure bearing capacity and better The low defect rate improves the overall performance of the aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420819934.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-19
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-19
AI Technical Summary
The fins in traditional aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers have problems such as large demand for brazing, easy to produce pores, slag inclusion, large plane errors, and insufficient pressure bearing capacity, making it difficult to meet the application conditions of high pressure bearing requirements.
The upper and lower symmetrical H-shaped fin structures are manufactured using hot extrusion technology to reduce the linearity and planarity errors during the forming process, reduce the brazing material demand in the brazing process, reduce the brittle hard eutectic silicon phase and stress concentration, and improve the Pressure bearing capacity, design a higher material duty cycle (t/P) to increase the pressure bearing level of fins and plate-fin heat exchangers.
The formed H-shaped fin structure is manufactured through the hot extrusion process, which reduces defects in the brazing process, improves the pressure bearing capacity of fins and plate-fin heat exchangers, reduces the demand for brazing and melting, and enhances the Overall radiator performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN222211377U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of plate-fin heat exchangers, in particular to a high-pressure fin and a plate-fin heat exchanger using the same. Background Art
[0002] Plate-fin heat exchanger is a heat exchanger with high heat exchange efficiency, small size and light weight. At present, plate-fin heat exchangers are widely used in various oil, water and gas heaters and / or coolers in engineering machinery, general machinery, internal combustion locomotive and other industries. For example: aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers are widely used in heat exchangers of air separation equipment; ethylene units, synthetic ammonia units, natural gas liquefaction (LNG) and separation units in petrochemical industry; used in deep-cryogenic hydrogen, helium, refrigeration and liquefaction equipment; used in refrigeration and air-conditioning fields; used in automobile and aerospace industries. For existing plate-fin heat exchanger technology, please refer to the technical standard "NB / T47006-2019 Aluminum Plate-fin Heat Exchanger", and the structure of existing plate-fin heat exchangers can be referred to. Figure 1 shown.
[0003] In aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers, the core structural parts are fins - heat exchange plates and guide vanes. They are the key structural parts that play a role in heat exchange and are also the key structural parts that determine the pressure-bearing capacity of the heat exchanger. Their structure has a significant impact on the efficiency, pressure-bearing performance and brazing process performance of the heat exchanger.
[0004] The fins in traditional aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers are mostly stamped fins or folded fins. The pressure resistance of traditional stamped fins or folded fins is generally below 10Mpa. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, this type of fin has two disadvantages that are difficult to avoid: one is that the thickness of the fin material is reduced in some parts, which reduces the load-bearing tensile force of the fin (such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure); Another is that when the pressure bearing performance needs to be increased, the fin thickness needs to be increased. When the fin thickness increases, the fillet of the punching (or folding) increases. After the fillet increases, the amount of brazing material needs to be increased in order to ensure the strength after brazing, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the specifications are aluminum foil t0.5, 63.5P1005. For an ideal fin to be brazed fully (the brazing filler metal is soaked to the smooth starting point), the brazing filler metal layer thickness needs to be 0.27; for some fins, the fin tip will be thinned by 0.1mm when punching, which is similar to the required amount of the ideal fin. The uneven fins require a higher amount of brazing filler metal, and the increase in the amount of brazing filler metal makes it easy for the brazing seam to have defects such as slag inclusions, pores, and a thicker brittle eutectic silicon layer, resulting in pores (such as Figure 6 ), resulting in slag inclusions (as shown in Figure 7 As shown), the eutectic silicon layer cracks (as shown Fig. 9As shown in the figure). Due to the existence of these defects, the broken parts were pulled apart at the brazing seam during the test (such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, it can be seen from this result that due to these difficult-to-overcome problems of existing fins, in some occasions with relatively high pressure bearing capacity requirements, the fins used in traditional aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers do not meet the use requirements.
[0005] In view of this, how to solve the problems of the fins used in the existing traditional aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers, such as large demand for brazing material, easy generation of pores and slag inclusions in the brazing seams, large flatness errors, and insufficient pressure bearing capacity, has become the problem to be studied and solved by the present utility model. Utility Model Content
[0006] The utility model aims to provide a high-pressure fin and a plate-fin heat exchanger using the same.
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the utility model proposes a high-pressure fin, which includes an H-shaped fin structure that is symmetrical in up and down and is manufactured by a hot extrusion process. The H-shaped fin structure has a base and fins. The base is located at the height center of the H-shaped fin structure. A plurality of fins are equidistantly spaced and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base. The fin has a wing tip and a wing root. A first chamfer is arranged at the wing tip, and a second chamfer is arranged at the wing root.
[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a plate-fin heat exchanger, wherein the plate-fin heat exchanger uses the high-pressure fins described in the first aspect.
[0009] The relevant contents of this utility model are explained as follows:
[0010] 1. Through the implementation of the above technical solution of the utility model, the upper and lower symmetrical H-shaped fin structure is manufactured by adopting the hot extrusion process, which is conducive to reducing the straightness and flatness errors in the forming process, reducing the demand for brazing material in the brazing process, reducing the melting corrosion of fins and partitions, reducing the brittle eutectic silicon phase in the brazing seam, reducing stress concentration, and improving the pressure bearing capacity. Moreover, compared with conventional stamping fins, the fins are easy to design as fins with a higher material duty ratio (t / P), thereby greatly improving the pressure bearing level of the fins, i.e., the plate-fin heat exchanger.
[0011] 2. In the first aspect of the above technical solution, the thickness of the fin, i.e. the thickness of the fin, is defined as t, the pitch of the fin is P, the duty cycle of the H-type fin is t / P, and the duty cycle satisfies ≥50%, thereby further significantly improving the pressure-bearing level of the plate-fin heat exchanger.
[0012] 3. In the first aspect of the above technical solution, the first fillet radius at the wing tip is defined as r, satisfying r<0.2mm, so as to further reduce the demand for brazing material during the brazing process, further reduce the erosion of fins and partitions, and further reduce the brittle eutectic silicon phase in the brazing seam.
[0013] 4. In the first aspect of the above technical solution, the second fillet radius at the wing root is defined as R, satisfying R>0.2mm, so as to further help reduce stress concentration and improve pressure bearing capacity.
[0014] 5. In the first aspect of the above technical solution, the upper and lower surfaces of the fins are planes parallel to the substrate, and a first chamfer is provided on both sides of the wing tip, which is beneficial to reduce the demand for brazing material during the brazing process and improve the overall pressure-bearing capacity of the radiator.
[0015] 6. In the first aspect of the above technical solution, the thickness of the substrate is 1 mm, the height of the H-shaped fin is 6.5 mm, the thickness t of the fin is 0.6 mm, and the pitch P of the fin is 1.2 mm. The design is reasonable, which is convenient for hot extrusion manufacturing and further improves the pressure-bearing capacity.
[0016] 7. In the second aspect of the above technical solution, the guide vanes and heat exchange fins in the plate-fin heat exchanger adopt the high-pressure fins, and the upper and lower sides of the high-pressure fins are brazed together with the partition.
[0017] 8. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0018] 9. In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0019] 10. In the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0020] Due to the application of the above scheme, the utility model has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:
[0021] The technical solution of the utility model adopts a hot extrusion process to manufacture an H-shaped symmetrical fin structure, which is beneficial to reducing the straightness and flatness errors in the forming process, reducing the demand for brazing material in the brazing process, reducing the melting corrosion of fins and partitions, reducing the brittle eutectic silicon phase in the brazing seam, reducing stress concentration, and improving the pressure-bearing capacity. Moreover, compared with conventional stamping-formed fins, the fins are easy to design as fins with a higher material duty ratio (t / P), thereby greatly improving the pressure-bearing level of the fins, i.e., the plate-fin heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing plate-fin heat exchanger;
[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the thinning part of the existing punched fin or folded fin;
[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the fin structure of the existing punched fin or folded fin;
[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of increasing the amount of brazing filler metal after increasing the fillet of the existing fin;
[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the thickness of the brazing material layer required for the existing fins;
[0027] Figure 6 Electron micrograph of the pores created for the existing fins;
[0028] Figure 7 Electron microscope image of slag inclusions in existing fins;
[0029] Figure 8 This is an electron microscope image of the existing fins when they were pulled apart during testing;
[0030] Fig. 9 Electron microscope image of the cracking of the eutectic silicon layer when the existing fin is pulled apart;
[0031] Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure fin according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of the high-voltage fins of an embodiment of the utility model.
[0033] The various parts of the above drawings are shown as follows:
[0034] 1 Matrix
[0035] 2 fins
[0036] 21 Wing Tip
[0037] 211 First rounding
[0038] 22 wing root
[0039] 221 Second rounding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0041] Embodiment 1, Embodiment 1 of the present utility model proposes a high-pressure fin, such as Fig.10 As shown, the high-pressure fin includes an H-shaped fin structure that is symmetrical up and down and is manufactured by a hot extrusion process. The H-shaped fin structure has a base 1 and a fin 2. The base 1 is located at the height center of the H-shaped fin structure. A plurality of fins 2 are equidistantly and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 1. The fin 2 has a wing tip 21 and a wing root 22. A first chamfer 211 is arranged at the wing tip 21, and a second chamfer 221 is arranged at the wing root 22.
[0042] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model, the upper and lower symmetrical H-shaped fin structure is manufactured by adopting a hot extrusion process, which is beneficial to reducing the straightness and flatness errors in the forming process, reducing the demand for brazing material in the brazing process, reducing the melting corrosion of the fins and partitions, reducing the brittle eutectic silicon phase in the brazing seam, reducing stress concentration, and improving the pressure-bearing capacity. Moreover, compared with conventional stamping-formed fins, the fins are easy to design as fins with a higher material duty ratio (t / P), thereby greatly improving the pressure-bearing level of the fins, i.e., the plate-fin heat exchanger.
[0043] In the first embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the fin is defined as t, the pitch of the fin is defined as P, the height of the fin is defined as H, the duty cycle of the H-type fin is defined as t / P, and the duty cycle satisfies ≥50%, thereby further significantly improving the pressure-bearing level of the plate-fin heat exchanger.
[0044] In Example 1 of the utility model, the first fillet radius at the wing tip is defined as r, satisfying r<0.2mm, which is further beneficial to reduce the demand for brazing material during the brazing process, further helps to reduce the erosion of fins and partitions, and further helps to reduce the brittle eutectic silicon phase in the brazing seam.
[0045] In the first embodiment of the present invention, the second fillet radius at the wing root is defined as R, satisfying R>0.2mm, so as to further help reduce stress concentration and improve pressure bearing capacity.
[0046] In the first embodiment of the utility model, the upper and lower surfaces of the fins are planes parallel to the substrate, and a first fillet is provided on both sides of the fin tip, which is beneficial to reduce the demand for brazing material during the brazing process and improve the overall pressure-bearing capacity of the radiator.
[0047] In the first embodiment of the present utility model, Fig.11 As shown, the thickness of the base is 1 mm, the height H of the H-shaped fin is 6.5 mm, the thickness t of the fin is 0.6 mm, and the pitch P of the fin is 1.2 mm. The design is reasonable, which is convenient for hot extrusion manufacturing and further improves the pressure bearing capacity.
[0048] Embodiment 2. Embodiment 2 of the present invention proposes a plate-fin heat exchanger, which uses the high-pressure fins described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; the guide sheets and heat sinks in the plate-fin heat exchanger use the high-pressure fins, and the upper and lower sides of the high-pressure fins are brazed together with the partition.
[0049] The high-pressure fin of the utility model is described below with reference to a specific detailed embodiment.
[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the detailed embodiment proposes a high-pressure fin, the fin material is generally 3 series aluminum alloy, and is manufactured by hot extrusion process. The matching brazing material is generally 4 series aluminum alloy. The high-pressure fin is an H-shaped fin structure.
[0051] The basic parameters of H-type fin structure are as follows:
[0052] H-fin height;
[0053] P-pitch;
[0054] t-fin thickness;
[0055] Wing tip fillet radius - r;
[0056] Wing root fillet radius - R.
[0057] The fin adopts a vertically symmetrical structure, comprising a substrate 1 and a fin 2. The substrate 1 is located at the height center of the H-shaped fin structure, and the upper and lower surfaces of the fin 2 are planes parallel to the substrate 1, which is beneficial to reducing the straightness and flatness errors during the forming process. The wing tip rounding r is less than 0.2 mm, which is beneficial to reducing the demand for brazing material during the brazing process, reducing the erosion of the fins and partitions, and reducing the brittle eutectic silicon phase in the brazing seam. The wing root rounding R is greater than 0.2 mm, which is beneficial to reducing stress concentration and improving pressure bearing capacity.
[0058] Compared with conventional stamped fins, the fins can be designed to have a higher material duty ratio (t / P), that is, the material duty ratio is greater than 50%, thereby greatly improving the pressure-bearing level of the fins, that is, the plate-fin heat exchanger.
[0059] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the utility model, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the utility model and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A high-pressure fin, characterized in that: The high-pressure fin comprises an H-shaped fin structure which is symmetrical up and down and is formed by a hot extrusion process. The H-shaped fin structure comprises a base and fins. The base is located at the height center of the H-shaped fin structure. A plurality of fins are arranged at equal intervals and symmetrically up and down on both sides of the base. The fin comprises a wing tip and a wing root. A first chamfer is arranged at the wing tip, and a second chamfer is arranged at the wing root.
2. The high-voltage fin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the fin is defined as t, the pitch of the fin is defined as P, the height of the fin is defined as H, the duty cycle of the H-type fin is defined as t / P, and the duty cycle satisfies ≥ 50%.
3. The high-pressure fin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fillet radius at the wing tip is defined as r, satisfying r<0.2mm.
4. The high-pressure fin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second fillet radius at the wing root is defined as R, satisfying R>0.2mm.
5. The high-pressure fin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower surfaces of the fins are planes parallel to the base, and first roundings are arranged on both sides of the wing tips.
6. The high-voltage fin according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the substrate is 1 mm, the height of the H-shaped fin is 6.5 mm, the thickness t of the fin is 0.6 mm, and the pitch P of the fin is 1.2 mm.
7. A plate-fin heat exchanger, characterized in that: The plate-fin heat exchanger uses the high-pressure fin according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The plate-fin heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide vanes and / or heat exchange fins in the plate-fin heat exchanger adopt the high-pressure fins, and the upper and lower sides of the high-pressure fins are brazed together with the partition plate.