Self-cleaning window and shooting equipment
By designing electrolytic components on the underwater camera window to generate air membranes, the imaging problems caused by biological adhesion are solved, and the self-cleaning and functional guarantee of the windows are achieved, which reduces maintenance costs and does not affect the survival of underwater organisms.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421054872.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-14
AI Technical Summary
The surface of underwater camera windows is unclear due to biological attachment. The existing cleaning methods are costly, complex and have an impact on the survival of underwater biological organisms, and there is a lack of effective self-cleaning technology.
Design a self-cleaning window, including substrates, waterproof and breathable coatings and electrolytic components, generate gas molecules by electrolyzing water, and use buoyancy and van der Waals forces to form a gas film to prevent biological adhesion and growth and ensure the windows to be clean.
It realizes self-cleaning of windows, improves imaging quality, reduces equipment maintenance costs, and does not affect underwater biological survival.
Smart Images
Figure CN222212986U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of camera technology, and in particular to a self-cleaning window and a camera device. Background Art
[0002] When an underwater camera is used underwater for a long time, organisms may adhere to the surface of the window, resulting in unclear images on the surface of the window, thereby affecting product performance. Currently, there is a lack of an ideal technology for removing organisms from the surface of the window. Utility Model Content
[0003] The present application discloses a self-cleaning window and a photographing device, which can prevent organisms from adhering to the surface of the window of the photographing device and ensure the functionality of the window.
[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:
[0005] A self-cleaning window, comprising a substrate, a waterproof and breathable coating, a super-aerophilic coating and an electrolytic component;
[0006] The electrodes of the electrolysis assembly are disposed on the first surface of the substrate and are used to electrolyze water to generate gas molecules;
[0007] The waterproof and breathable coating is disposed on the first surface and is located in the ascending direction of the gas generated when the electrode electrolyzes water and at least partially exposes the electrode so that the electrode is in contact with water;
[0008] The super-air-philic coating is arranged on a side of the waterproof and breathable coating away from the first surface, and the orthographic projection of the super-air-philic coating on the first surface covers the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating on the first surface.
[0009] The above-mentioned self-cleaning window electrolyzes water through an electrolytic component and produces gas molecules. Under the action of the underwater environment and buoyancy, the gas molecules move upward and enter the waterproof and breathable coating, and then pass through the super-aerophilic coating and adsorb on the surface of the super-aerophilic coating to form an air film. When the organism approaches the window, due to the gas barrier and the large amount of oxygen contained in the gas, most underwater organisms cannot survive in an oxygen-rich environment. At the same time, due to the action of the air film, the organism is prevented from attaching and growing on the main body of the window, thereby achieving self-cleaning of the window and ensuring the functionality of the window. Specifically, the self-cleaning window includes a substrate, a waterproof and breathable coating, a super-aerophilic coating and an electrolytic component. Among them, the substrate can be a transparent material such as a glass substrate and a plastic substrate, which has good light transmittance, can be applied to underwater shooting equipment and cameras, and can also be used for windows of other equipment. The electrodes and the waterproof and breathable coating of the electrolytic component are both arranged on the first surface of the substrate, wherein the electrodes of the electrolytic component are used to electrolyze the water in contact when powered on to produce gas molecules such as hydrogen and oxygen. In the underwater environment and under the action of buoyancy, gas molecules will move upward, and the waterproof and breathable coating is located in the rising direction of the gas generated when the electrode electrolyzes water, and at least partially exposes the electrode. Such a setting allows the gas molecules generated by electrolysis to enter the waterproof and breathable coating, avoiding the waste of gas molecules and improving the utilization rate of gas molecules. It should be noted that the electrode can use an external power supply, and can also connect the power supply of the device through the substrate. The super aerophilic coating is arranged on the side of the waterproof and breathable coating away from the first surface. Due to the van der Waals force between the super aerophilic coating and the gas, when the gas enters the super aerophilic coating from the waterproof and breathable coating, the gas passing through the super aerophilic coating can be adsorbed on the surface of the super aerophilic coating in the form of bubbles, thereby forming an air film covering the window, that is, forming an insulating layer to prevent the attachment and growth of organisms, and effectively maintain the functionality of the window. At the same time, the orthographic projection of the super-aerophilic coating on the first surface covers the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating on the first surface, that is, the orthographic projection of the super-aerophilic coating on the first surface is greater than or equal to the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating on the first surface, so as to increase the utilization rate of the gas and the area of the air film, and enhance the self-cleaning function of the window.
[0010] In some embodiments, the waterproof and breathable coating covers the free end of the electrode.
[0011] In some embodiments, the waterproof breathable coating includes a transparent body and pores penetrating the transparent body from the substrate to the super-air-philic coating, and the pore size of the pores is smaller than the diameter of a water molecule.
[0012] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning window also includes an annular water storage layer, which is disposed on the first surface of the substrate, and at least a portion of the electrode is located inside the annular water storage layer to contact the water inside the annular water storage layer; the annular water storage layer is provided with an opening on the side facing the waterproof and breathable coating; the orthographic projection of the annular water storage layer on the first surface surrounds the outside of the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating on the first surface.
[0013] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning window includes a plurality of electrolytic components, and the plurality of electrolytic components are annularly spaced around the waterproof and breathable coating.
[0014] In some embodiments, the annular water storage layer has the same thickness as the waterproof breathable coating layer.
[0015] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning window further comprises an annular mounting plate and an annular step structure, wherein the annular mounting plate is sleeved on the outside of the super-aerophilic coating, and the annular step structure is fixedly mounted on a surface of the annular mounting plate facing away from the substrate;
[0016] The inner side wall of the annular step structure forms at least three annular step surfaces, and the at least three annular step surfaces are all super hydrophilic surfaces.
[0017] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning window further includes an annular step structure, and the annular step structure is fixedly disposed on a surface of the annular water storage layer facing away from the substrate.
[0018] In some embodiments, radial dimensions of the at least three annular step surfaces gradually increase along a direction from the super aerophilic coating to the substrate.
[0019] In some embodiments, the annular step surface includes a first annular surface and a second annular surface, the first annular surface is perpendicular to the first surface, the second annular surface is parallel to the first surface, and the width L of the first annular surface and the width W of the second annular surface satisfy: L:W≥2:1.
[0020] The present application also provides a photographing device, comprising a device body and the self-cleaning window, wherein the self-cleaning window is installed on the device body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a self-cleaning window provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another self-cleaning window provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 3A schematic structural diagram of an annular step structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a water flow structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Icons: 1. Substrate; 2. Waterproof and breathable coating; 3. Super aerophilic coating; 4. Electrolytic assembly; 5. Annular water storage layer; 6. Annular mounting plate; 7. Annular step structure; 8. First annular surface; 9. Second annular surface; A. Eddy current zone; B. Dead zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] First, let me introduce the application scenarios of this application. The existing methods for cleaning organisms attached to windows include the following categories:
[0027] ① Mechanical removal method, mainly through manual processing. When using this method, the camera needs to be taken out of the water for processing, which is time-consuming and laborious; if it is removed underwater, it is all done by a wiper. According to current understanding, the cost of a wiper structure cleaning device is higher than that of a camera. At the same time, the wiper structure is complex and the probability of failure is high.
[0028] ② High-pressure water gun spraying method: high-pressure water gun is used for treatment. Cavity rupture will occur in the high-pressure spray water flow, and the large stress generated by the cavity rupture will be used to peel off the fouling organisms. This method is similar to the above-mentioned mechanical removal method. The camera needs to be taken out of the water for treatment. At the same time, the auxiliary equipment structure is complex and the cost is high, so the application rate is not high nationwide.
[0029] ③Ultrasonic or ultraviolet anti-fouling method: 20-200kHz over-frequency sound waves or ultraviolet irradiation for a long time will interfere with the normal living environment of fouling organisms, causing them to lose their activity and further restricting their growth and development. This method interferes with the normal growth of fouling objects through long-term ultrasound and ultraviolet rays, but it will affect the growth of other marine organisms such as fish. Underwater cameras are mostly used to monitor underwater aquaculture organisms, so this method is not applicable.
[0030] ④ Antifouling coating: By coating the window surface with a high contact angle and low surface energy antifouling coating, the success rate of fouling organisms attaching is reduced. However, due to long-term use underwater, as the years of use increase, its hydrophobic angle will make the coating effect worse and worse.
[0031] ⑤: Electrochemical antifouling method: Through electrolysis, the electrochemical reaction between cathode-anode-electrolyte generates antifouling products of metal ions, thereby killing organisms attached to the hull. Common methods include direct electrolysis of seawater to produce chlorine antifouling method, electrolytic copper-aluminum antifouling method and electrolytic chlorine-copper antifouling method. However, as mentioned in method ③, this method will affect the survival of other organisms in the water. Underwater cameras are mostly used to monitor underwater aquaculture organisms, so this method is not applicable.
[0032] In addition, the most suitable temperature range for the growth of most microorganisms is 20℃-30℃. The most common cyanobacteria reproduce more at 25℃-35℃ in subtropical areas, so the temperature they can withstand does not exceed 40℃. When the temperature is greater than 40℃, basically no organisms can survive for a long time. Therefore, in order to prevent organisms from attaching and growing on the main body of the window, most heaters are used to heat the window surface of underwater shooting equipment. However, there is water flow movement underwater, generally reaching 1-5 meters / second. Due to the water flow movement, when using a heater to heat the window surface, the window surface temperature will not meet the expected requirements, or it will require a lot of power consumption to meet the expected requirements.
[0033] Based on the above application scenarios, the embodiments of the present application provide a self-cleaning window and a shooting device, which can prevent organisms from adhering to the surface of the window of the shooting device and ensure the functionality of the window.
[0034] The following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. Among them, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in the text is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" refers to two or more than two.
[0035] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as suggesting or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, and in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
[0036] First, as Figure 1-2As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a self-cleaning window, including a substrate 1, a waterproof and breathable coating 2, a super-aerophilic coating 3 and an electrolytic component 4;
[0037] The electrodes of the electrolysis component 4 are disposed on the first surface of the substrate 1 and are used to electrolyze water to generate gas molecules;
[0038] The waterproof and breathable coating 2 is disposed on the first surface and is located in the ascending direction of the gas generated when the electrode electrolyzes water and is at least partially exposed to the electrode so that the electrode is in contact with water;
[0039] The super-air-philic coating 3 is disposed on the side of the waterproof breathable coating 2 away from the first surface, and the orthographic projection of the super-air-philic coating 3 on the first surface covers the orthographic projection of the waterproof breathable coating 2 on the first surface.
[0040] The self-cleaning window electrolyzes water through the electrolytic component 4 to generate gas molecules. Under the action of the underwater environment and buoyancy, the gas molecules move upward and enter the waterproof breathable coating 2, and then pass through the super-aerophilic coating 3 and adsorb on the surface of the super-aerophilic coating 3, thereby forming an air film. When organisms approach the window, due to the gas barrier and the large amount of oxygen contained in the gas, most underwater organisms cannot survive in an oxygen-rich environment. At the same time, due to the action of the air film, the organisms are prevented from attaching and growing on the window body, thereby achieving self-cleaning of the window and ensuring the functionality of the window.
[0041] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The self-cleaning window includes a substrate 1, a waterproof and breathable coating 2, a super-aerophilic coating 3 and an electrolytic component 4. The substrate 1 can be a transparent material such as a glass substrate or a plastic substrate, has good light transmittance, can be applied to underwater shooting equipment and cameras, and can also be used for windows of other equipment. The substrate is a flat plate-like structure, and its outer contour shape can be circular, rectangular or other shapes. As a preferred embodiment, the substrate 1 can be set to be circular so as to be assembled in underwater shooting equipment.
[0042] The electrodes of the electrolytic component 4 and the waterproof breathable coating 2 are both arranged on the first surface of the substrate 1, wherein the electrodes of the electrolytic component 4 are used to electrolyze the water in contact with them when powered on to produce gas molecules such as hydrogen and oxygen. In the underwater environment and under the action of buoyancy, the gas molecules will move upward, and the waterproof breathable coating 2 is located in the rising direction of the gas generated when the electrode electrolyzes water, and at least partially exposes the electrode. Such a configuration allows the gas molecules generated by electrolysis to enter the waterproof breathable coating 2, avoiding the waste of gas molecules and improving the utilization rate of gas molecules. It should be noted that the electrode can use an external power supply, and can also connect the power supply of the device through the substrate 1.
[0043] The super-aerophilic coating 3 is arranged on the side of the waterproof and breathable coating 2 away from the first surface. Due to the van der Waals force between the super-aerophilic coating 3 and the gas, when the gas enters the super-aerophilic coating 3 from the waterproof and breathable coating 2, the gas passing through the super-aerophilic coating 3 can be adsorbed on the surface of the super-aerophilic coating 3 in the form of bubbles, thereby forming an air film covering the window, that is, forming an isolation layer, preventing the attachment and growth of organisms, and effectively maintaining the functionality of the window. At the same time, the orthographic projection of the super-aerophilic coating 3 on the first surface covers the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating 2 on the first surface, that is, the orthographic projection of the super-aerophilic coating 3 on the first surface is greater than or equal to the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating 2 on the first surface, so as to increase the utilization rate of the gas and the area of the air film, and enhance the self-cleaning function of the window.
[0044] Exemplarily, the super aerophilic coating 3 is a chitosan-heptadecafluorononanoate solution, and the preparation of the super aerophilic coating 3 includes the following steps:
[0045] (1) The window substrate is placed in anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically cleaned for 20 minutes. After cleaning, it is placed in an 85° C. constant temperature oven for baking and drying for 30 minutes. Thereafter, a waterproof and breathable coating is coated on the first surface of the substrate and dried.
[0046] (2) reacting 5% (V / V) heptadecafluorononanoic acid with sodium hydroxide to generate sodium heptadecafluorononanoate, and diluting the mixture to 0.5 mol / L;
[0047] (3) 0.1 g of chitosan was completely dissolved in 50 ml of 1% (V / V) acetic acid solution;
[0048] (4) In a constant temperature magnetic stirrer, slowly drop 10 ml of 0.5 mol / L sodium heptadecafluorononanoate solution into the above step (3);
[0049] (5) The chitosan-heptadecafluorononanoate solution produced in the above step (4) is coated on the waterproof and breathable coating dried in step (1), and then dried in a constant temperature box at 85° C. for 30 minutes to form a super air-philic coating on the surface of the waterproof and breathable coating.
[0050] In some embodiments, a waterproof, breathable coating covers the free ends of the electrodes.
[0051] It can be understood that when the waterproof and breathable coating 2 covers part of the free end of the electrode, the gas generated by the electrolysis of water by the electrode can directly enter the waterproof and breathable coating 2, thereby increasing the rate at which the gas enters the waterproof and breathable coating 2 and the super air-philic coating 3, thereby ensuring the stability of the air film, avoiding affecting the imaging performance of the underwater shooting equipment, and achieving better use effect.
[0052] In some embodiments, the waterproof breathable coating 2 includes a transparent body and pores penetrating the transparent body from the substrate 1 to the super-air-philic coating 3 , and the pore size of the pores is smaller than the diameter of a water molecule.
[0053] In one possible implementation, the waterproof and breathable coating 2 can be made of transparent silicone material, such as nano-scale micro-foaming material, with a thickness of 100nm-10μm, for example, 100nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 1μm, 2μm, 3μm, 4μm, 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, 10μm, etc., and the pore size (0.4nm) is smaller than the diameter of water molecules (water has intermolecular forces in liquid state, which is at the micron level), that is, only gas molecules (the diameter of hydrogen and oxygen is about 0.3nm) are allowed to pass through, and water molecules are not allowed to pass through, which is more conducive to gas molecules passing through the waterproof and breathable coating 2 and the super aerophilic coating 3 and forming an air film on the surface of the super aerophilic coating 3, thereby preventing the attachment and growth of organisms.
[0054] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning window also includes an annular water storage layer 5, which is disposed on the first surface of the substrate 1, and at least a portion of the electrode is located inside the annular water storage layer 5 to contact the water inside the annular water storage layer 5; the annular water storage layer 5 is provided with an opening on the side facing the waterproof and breathable coating 2; the orthographic projection of the annular water storage layer 5 on the first surface surrounds the outside of the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating 2 on the first surface.
[0055] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 1 When the window is applied to the atmospheric environment, in order to form an air film on the surface of the super-aerophilic coating 3 to prevent biological attachment, an annular water storage layer 5 needs to be added. The annular water storage layer 5 is provided on the first surface of the substrate 1, and at least part of the electrode is located inside the annular water storage layer 5, so that the electrode is in contact with water to generate gas under electrolysis conditions. The orthographic projection of the annular water storage layer 5 on the first surface surrounds the outside of the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating 2 on the first surface, and an opening is provided on the side of the annular water storage layer 5 facing the waterproof and breathable coating 2, so that the gas at various spatial positions generated by electrolysis can enter the waterproof and breathable coating 2 through the opening, thereby increasing the rate at which the gas enters the waterproof and breathable coating 2. It should be noted that when the window is applied to an underwater environment, an annular water storage layer 5 can be provided, or it can be directly exposed underwater.
[0056] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning window includes a plurality of electrolytic components 4 , which are arranged in an annular manner around the waterproof and breathable coating 2 .
[0057] In a possible implementation, when an annular water storage layer 5 is provided, the electrolytic components 4 of the embodiment of the present application can be provided in multiple numbers, and the multiple electrolytic components 4 are provided in annular intervals around the waterproof breathable coating 2. With such a configuration, each part of the annular water storage layer 5 can generate gas, and the gas can enter the waterproof breathable coating 2 from different directions, thereby increasing the gas generation rate, making the gas distribution in the waterproof breathable coating 2 more uniform, increasing the stability of the air film on the surface of the super-aerophilic coating 3, and improving the self-cleaning performance of the window.
[0058] In some embodiments, the thickness of the annular water storage layer 5 is equal to that of the waterproof and breathable coating layer 2 .
[0059] In one possible implementation, when the thickness of the annular water storage layer 5 is equal to that of the waterproof breathable coating 2, it can be avoided that the gas overflows at the edge of the waterproof breathable coating 2 due to the annular water storage layer 5 being too narrow, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the gas.
[0060] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning window further comprises an annular mounting plate 6 and an annular step structure 7, wherein the annular mounting plate 6 is sleeved on the outside of the super-aerophilic coating 3, and the annular step structure 7 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the annular mounting plate 6 facing away from the substrate 1;
[0061] The inner side wall of the annular step structure 7 forms at least three annular step surfaces, and the at least three annular step surfaces are all super hydrophilic surfaces.
[0062] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 2 When the heater is used to heat the window surface, in order to reduce the water flow velocity on the window surface and keep the water flow in the window surface area at a higher temperature, the self-cleaning window of the embodiment of the present application also includes an annular mounting plate 6 and an annular step structure 7. The annular mounting plate 6 can be fixed to the annular water storage layer 5 or the super-aerophilic coating 3 by gluing or other methods, and is sleeved on the outside of the super-aerophilic coating 3. The annular step structure 7 can be fixed to the annular mounting plate 6 by threading or gluing or other methods to form an area on the window surface that wraps the water flow and reduces the water flow velocity on the window surface. The inner wall of the annular step structure 7 forms at least three annular step surfaces, and a vortex area A and a dead area B can be formed in each annular step surface area. The water flow velocity in the vortex area A will be significantly reduced, and the water flow velocity in the dead area B is 0. Each annular step surface is a super-hydrophilic surface. When water flows through the super-hydrophilic surface, the water flow velocity will be reduced due to the influence of surface tension, especially near the super-hydrophilic surface, where the water flow velocity is zero. As Figure 4As shown in the figure, V1 is the water flow velocity on the ordinary surface, and V2 is the water flow velocity on the super-hydrophilic surface, that is, the super-hydrophilic surface can effectively reduce the flow velocity near the surface. At the same time, at the bottom of the annular step, since there is no water flow, a dead zone B will be formed, which greatly reduces the heat exchange caused by the water flow, thereby ensuring that the water flow in the window surface area maintains a high temperature and prevents the attachment and growth of organisms.
[0063] It should be noted that the annular step structure 7 can be formed by injection molding, that is, it is processed on the injection mold to form a super-hydrophilic surface of the super-hydrophilic micro-nano structure on the surface of the injection molded product. The injection molding cost is low and the processing efficiency is high.
[0064] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning window further includes an annular step structure 7 , and the annular step structure 7 is fixedly disposed on the surface of the annular water storage layer 5 facing away from the substrate 1 .
[0065] In another possible implementation, the annular step structure 7 may also be directly fixed to the annular water storage layer 5 by gluing or other methods to achieve the effect of reducing the water flow velocity.
[0066] In some embodiments, along the direction from the super aerophilic coating 3 to the substrate 1 , the radial dimensions of at least three annular step surfaces gradually increase.
[0067] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 2 The radial dimension of the annular step surface close to the super aerophilic coating 3 is the largest, and the radial dimension of the annular step surface far away from the super aerophilic coating 3 is the smallest, that is, the contact area between the surface of the super aerophilic coating 3 and water is the largest, which can ensure that the surface of the super aerophilic coating 3 has a large high-temperature area to prevent the attachment and growth of organisms.
[0068] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The annular step surface includes a first annular surface 8 and a second annular surface 9. The first annular surface 8 is perpendicular to the first surface of the substrate 1, and the second annular surface 9 is parallel to the first surface of the substrate 1. The width L of the first annular surface 8 and the width W of the second annular surface 9 satisfy: L:W≥2:1.
[0069] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application further provides a photographing device, characterized in that it includes a device body and a self-cleaning window, and the self-cleaning window is installed on the device body. The photographing device includes underwater photographing equipment, cameras and other photographing equipment, etc. Since the photographing device includes all the technical features of the self-cleaning window, the photographing device also includes all the beneficial effects of the self-cleaning window, which will not be repeated here.
[0070] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A self-cleaning window, characterized in that: It includes a substrate, a waterproof and breathable coating, a super-aerophilic coating and an electrolytic component; The electrodes of the electrolysis assembly are disposed on the first surface of the substrate and are used to electrolyze water to generate gas molecules; The waterproof and breathable coating is disposed on the first surface and is located in the ascending direction of the gas generated when the electrode electrolyzes water and at least partially exposes the electrode so that the electrode is in contact with water; The super-air-philic coating is arranged on a side of the waterproof and breathable coating away from the first surface, and the orthographic projection of the super-air-philic coating on the first surface covers the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating on the first surface.
2. The self-cleaning window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof and breathable coating covers the free end of the electrode.
3. The self-cleaning window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof and breathable coating comprises a transparent body and pores penetrating the transparent body from the substrate to the super-aerophilic coating, and the pore diameter of the pores is smaller than the diameter of a water molecule.
4. The self-cleaning window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-cleaning window also includes an annular water storage layer, which is arranged on the first surface of the substrate, and at least a portion of the electrode is located inside the annular water storage layer to contact the water inside the annular water storage layer; the annular water storage layer is provided with an opening on the side facing the waterproof and breathable coating; the orthographic projection of the annular water storage layer on the first surface surrounds the outside of the orthographic projection of the waterproof and breathable coating on the first surface.
5. The self-cleaning window according to claim 4, characterized in that: The self-cleaning window includes a plurality of electrolytic components, which are arranged in an annular manner around the waterproof and breathable coating.
6. The self-cleaning window according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annular water storage layer has the same thickness as the waterproof and breathable coating layer.
7. The self-cleaning window according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The self-cleaning window further comprises an annular mounting plate and an annular step structure, wherein the annular mounting plate is sleeved on the outside of the super-aerophilic coating, and the annular step structure is fixedly arranged on a surface of the annular mounting plate which is away from the substrate; The inner side wall of the annular step structure forms at least three annular step surfaces, and the at least three annular step surfaces are all super hydrophilic surfaces.
8. The self-cleaning window according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The self-cleaning window further comprises an annular step structure, and the annular step structure is fixedly arranged on a surface of the annular water storage layer which is away from the substrate.
9. The self-cleaning window according to claim 7, characterized in that: Along the direction from the super aerophilic coating to the substrate, radial dimensions of the at least three annular step surfaces gradually increase.
10. The self-cleaning window according to claim 9, characterized in that: The annular step surface includes a first annular surface and a second annular surface, the first annular surface is perpendicular to the first surface, the second annular surface is parallel to the first surface, and the width L of the first annular surface and the width W of the second annular surface satisfy: L:W≥2:
1.
11. A photographing device, characterized in that: It comprises an equipment body and a self-cleaning window as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the self-cleaning window is installed on the equipment body.