Combined harvester for crossing obstacles on terraced fields

Abstract

The utility model discloses a combined harvester for terrace obstacle crossing. The combined harvester comprises a lifting crawler chassis, a drum screen, a grain transporter, a grain tank and a header conveying device, wherein the drum screen, the grain transporter, the grain tank and the header conveying device are arranged on the lifting crawler chassis; the header conveying device is arranged at the front end of the lifting crawler chassis, the tail end of the header conveying device is connected with the drum screen, the drum screen is located over the grain transporter, and the header conveying device can harvest grains and convey the grains into the drum screen for double threshing. The grain transporter is used for transporting grains falling after threshing into the grain tank; four triangular crawler devices are further arranged at the bottoms of the two sides of the lifting crawler chassis. According to the utility model, the problem that mechanical operation cannot be used in the harvesting process of the terraced crops is solved, the harvesting efficiency of the terraced crops is improved, the labor cost investment is saved, and efficient threshing work can be carried out while harvesting is carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a combine harvester used for terraced fields to cross obstacles. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of agricultural mechanization, corresponding harvesting machinery has been developed for flat-land harvesting of various grains, and mechanized flat-land harvesting has become the norm. my country's plain area only accounts for 1 / 3 of the country's total area, and mountains and hills are widely distributed, especially in the southern region where most of the cultivated land is mountainous and hilly. Due to the rugged terrain and undulating terrain in mountainous and hilly areas, when the combine harvester is operating and completing the steps of harvesting, threshing, and cleaning, the chassis and other devices are tilted and grains are piled up, which has a certain impact on the operating efficiency and quality of the harvesting machinery, and has become a major obstacle to the development of mechanized harvesting. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a leveling chassis for mountain harvesting machinery to prevent rollover to meet the harvesting needs of mountain mechanization.

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous development of combine harvesters, research on leveling chassis for mountainous and hilly areas has also been carried out continuously. Due to the rugged terrain in mountainous and hilly areas, the slope is large and the cultivated area is small. Conventional wheeled harvesting machinery cannot adapt well to the requirements of the plots and is prone to rollover accidents.

[0004] As a typical example of rugged mountain terrain, terraced fields are mountain agricultural production systems dug by humans according to the terrain. Many terraced fields still play a production function, showing the wisdom of human beings in adapting to and utilizing nature. The production technology, agricultural management experience and traditional agricultural knowledge contained in them have important enlightenment and reference significance for the sustainable development of agriculture. They are not only a typical mountain ecological agricultural model, but also an outstanding ecological and cultural landscape, and a precious agricultural cultural heritage. Among them, rice terraces are an important and representative type. In the context of rapid industrialization and urbanization, due to the inability to use mechanized operations, the disadvantages of rice terraces, such as high labor intensity and low production efficiency, have become more prominent. Even the collapse of terraces due to conversion to dry farming or abandonment has caused the collapse of terraces. In addition, the harvested grains need to be threshed additionally. The threshing effect of ordinary threshing machines is not good. It takes many repeated threshings to meet the requirements, which is time-consuming and inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a combine harvester for terraced fields overcoming obstacles, which solves the problem that mechanized operations cannot be used during the harvesting of terraced fields crops, improves the harvesting efficiency of terraced fields crops, saves labor cost investment, and can also perform efficient threshing work while harvesting.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0007] A combine harvester for terraced fields overcoming obstacles, comprising a lifting crawler chassis and a drum screen, a grain transporter, a grain box and a header conveying device arranged thereon;

[0008] The header conveyor is arranged at the front end of the lifting crawler chassis, and the end of the header conveyor is connected to the drum screen, and the drum screen is located directly above the grain transporter. The header conveyor can harvest grains and transport them to the drum screen for double threshing, and the grain transporter is used to transport the grains dropped after threshing to the grain box;

[0009] Four triangular crawler devices are also arranged at the bottom of both sides of the lifting crawler chassis.

[0010] Furthermore, the triangular crawler device includes a triangular crawler track, two tensioning wheels, a driving wheel, two load-bearing wheels, two telescopic hydraulic rods and a secondary telescopic arm;

[0011] The triangular crawler is wrapped around the outside of the driving wheel, two tensioning wheels and two load-bearing wheels. The two tensioning wheels are arranged at the two bottom corners of the triangular crawler device, and the driving wheel is arranged at the top corner of the triangular crawler device. A secondary telescopic arm is connected between the two tensioning wheels. The two load-bearing wheels are respectively arranged on one side of the two tensioning wheels. A telescopic hydraulic rod is connected between each tensioning wheel and the driving wheel.

[0012] Synchronously driving the telescopic hydraulic rod and the secondary telescopic arm can change the distance between the two tensioning wheels and the distance between the driving wheel and the tensioning wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, the drum screen includes a frame arranged on a lifting crawler chassis, a threshing drum rotatably supported on the frame, a deflector mounted on the frame and connected to the end of a cutting table conveying device, a concave screen mounted on the frame and located below the threshing drum and tangent to the deflector, a cover plate hinged on the frame and located above the threshing drum, and a round hole screen rotatably mounted on the frame and sleeved on the outside of the threshing drum.

[0014] Furthermore, a round hole screen driving wheel is also provided on the frame, and the round hole screen driving wheel can drive the round hole screen to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the threshing drum.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameter of the sieve holes of the round hole sieve is 5-10 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, there is a rotation speed difference between the round hole screen and the threshing drum, and the rotation speed of the threshing drum is greater than the rotation speed of the round hole screen.

[0017] Furthermore, the grain transporter includes a trapezoidal box body arranged on a lifting crawler chassis and located below the drum screen, a transverse auger arranged below the trapezoidal box body and used for rotational transportation, a longitudinal auger arranged on one side of the trapezoidal box body and connected to the transverse auger for transportation, and an auger barrel arranged outside the longitudinal auger and connecting the trapezoidal box body and the grain box.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The utility model adopts the design of lifting crawler chassis and four triangular crawler devices, and controls the free lifting through telescopic hydraulic rods and secondary telescopic arms. The four triangular crawler devices can freely adjust the height to compensate for the front and rear height difference caused by uneven terrain. Aiming at the stepped terrain of terraces, the harvester can move freely in the terraces and efficiently complete the harvest of terraced crops.

[0020] 2. The utility model installs a round hole screen on the outer ring of the threshing drum, so that the crops delivered by the cutting table conveying device can be double threshed through the threshing drum, the concave screen and the round hole screen, thereby reducing the insufficiently threshed grains, making the threshing effect more complete, reducing the complicated steps of multiple threshing, saving time and improving efficiency; and the round hole screen and the threshing drum rotate in the opposite direction, which can offset part of the vibration of the threshing drum, reduce the resonance of the machine and improve the threshing effect.

[0021] 3. The utility model can realize the operation of harvesting grains and threshing at the same time through the combined design of the harvesting platform conveying device, the drum screen, the grain transporter and the grain box, thereby improving the overall work efficiency; and the round hole screen and the threshing drum have opposite rotation directions and a rotation speed difference, and the rotation speed of the threshing drum is greater than that of the round hole screen, which can improve the threshing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a side view schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a single triangular shoe device of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary telescopic arm of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the drum screen of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the partial structure of the drum screen of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain transporter of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a top view schematic diagram of the grain transporter of the utility model;

[0030] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grain box of the utility model;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a side view schematic diagram of the grain box of the utility model;

[0032] Among them, 1. lifting crawler chassis; 101. triangular crawler; 102. tension wheel; 103. driving wheel; 104. load-bearing wheel; 105. telescopic hydraulic rod; 106. secondary telescopic arm; 106-1. telescopic outer arm; 106-2. telescopic inner arm; 106-3. telescopic oil cylinder; 106-4. oil cylinder hinge ear; 106-5. pulley; 106-6. pulley hinge ear; 2. drum screen; 201. frame; 202. threshing drum; 203. deflector; 204. concave screen; 205. cover plate; 206. round hole Screen; 207. Circular hole screen driving wheel; 3. Grain transporter; 301. Trapezoidal box; 302. Horizontal auger shaft; 303. Longitudinal auger shaft; 304. Horizontal auger blades; 305. Longitudinal auger blades; 306. Auger barrel; 4. Grain box; 401. Box; 402. Conveying auger shaft; 403. Conveying auger blades; 404. Output auger shaft; 405. Output auger blades; 406. Lower auger shaft; 407. Lower auger blades; 408. Upper auger shaft; 409. Upper auger blades; 5. Cutting table conveying device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the content of the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1-10 As shown, in this embodiment, a combine harvester for terraced field obstacle crossing is provided, which is mainly composed of a lifting crawler chassis 1, a drum screen 2, a grain transporter 3, a grain box 4 and a harvesting platform conveying device 5.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, a header conveying device 5 is provided at the front end of the lifting crawler chassis 1, and the end of the header conveying device 5 is connected to the drum screen 2; the drum screen 2 is located directly above the grain transporter 3, and the grain transporter 3 is used to transport the grains to the grain box 4; the grain box 4 is connected to the conveying auger of the grain transporter 3; the header conveying device 5 belongs to the existing mechanism of the combine harvester, and is used to cut crops and transport them to the drum screen 2. During the terrace harvesting operation, the crops harvested by the header conveying device 5 will be transported to the drum screen 2 for double threshing, and the clean grains after threshing will fall into the grain transporter 3, and be transported to the L-shaped grain box 4 through one side of the grain transporter 3.

[0036] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, four triangular crawler devices are installed at the bottom of both sides of the lifting crawler chassis 1, and each triangular crawler device includes a triangular crawler 101, two tensioning wheels 102, a driving wheel 103, two load-bearing wheels 104, two telescopic hydraulic rods 105, and a secondary telescopic arm 106. The triangular crawler 101 is wrapped around the outside of the driving wheel 103, the two tensioning wheels 102, and the two load-bearing wheels 104, and the secondary telescopic arm 106 is connected between the two tensioning wheels 102; a load-bearing wheel 104 is arranged on one side of each tensioning wheel 102; a telescopic hydraulic rod 105 is installed between each tensioning wheel 102 and the driving wheel 103, and the two tensioning wheels 102 are arranged at the two bottom corners of the triangular crawler device; by synchronously driving the telescopic hydraulic rod 105 and the secondary telescopic arm 106, the distance between the two tensioning wheels 102 and between the driving wheel 103 and the tensioning wheel 102 can be changed, thereby changing the height of the triangular crawler device.

[0037] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the synchronous driving of the telescopic hydraulic rod 105 and the secondary telescopic arm 106 here means: if the height of the triangular crawler device needs to be raised, the secondary telescopic arm 106 is shortened, and the telescopic hydraulic rod 105 is stretched, so that the height of the triangular crawler device increases; if the height of the triangular crawler device needs to be lowered, the secondary telescopic arm 106 is extended, and the telescopic hydraulic rod 105 is contracted, so that the height of the triangular crawler device decreases. Specifically, the front end of the lifting crawler chassis 1 is equipped with two triangular crawler devices, and the rear end of the lifting crawler chassis 1 is also equipped with two triangular crawler devices, which are equivalent to two front wheels and two rear wheels. By controlling the synchronous extension and contraction of the secondary telescopic arm 106 and the telescopic hydraulic rod 105 in the front triangular crawler device and the rear triangular crawler device respectively, it can be used to cross obstacles, that is, it can be used on uneven terrain such as terraces, and the height of the front triangular crawler device and the rear triangular crawler device can be raised or lowered to compensate for the height balance of the overall lifting crawler chassis 1, so as to ensure that the overall harvester is in a relatively balanced and equal height state as much as possible, and will not be too tilted to cause rollover, etc., so that it can realize free walking on the terraces and efficiently complete the harvest of terraced crops.

[0038] refer to Figure 4As shown, the secondary telescopic arm 106 is specifically composed of a telescopic outer arm 106-1, a telescopic inner arm 106-2, a telescopic oil cylinder 106-3, an oil cylinder hinge ear 106-4, a pulley 106-5 and a pulley hinge ear 106-6. Among them, the telescopic inner arm 106-2 can be movably inserted into the telescopic outer arm 106-1, one end of the telescopic outer arm 106-1 is connected to a tensioning wheel 102, and one end of the telescopic inner arm 106-2 is connected to another tensioning wheel 102; the oil cylinder hinge ear 106-4 is installed at one end of the telescopic outer arm 106-1; the pulley hinge ear 106-6 is installed at one end of the telescopic inner arm 106-2; the two ends of the telescopic oil cylinder 106-3 are respectively connected to the oil cylinder hinge ear 106-4 and the pulley hinge ear 106-6; the pulley 106-5 is installed on the pulley hinge ear 106-6, and the triangular crawler 101 is wrapped around the outside of the pulley 106-5. At the same time, a hydraulic station is installed on the lifting crawler chassis 1 to drive the telescopic hydraulic rod 105 and the telescopic cylinder 106-3; in order to ensure the telescopic stability of the telescopic hydraulic rod 105 and the secondary telescopic arm 106, a self-locking oil circuit or a self-locking valve is installed on the oil circuit of the hydraulic station to prevent the telescopic hydraulic rod 105 and the telescopic cylinder 106-3 from returning to their original positions after being subjected to external force.

[0039] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the drum screen 2 is specifically composed of a frame 201, a threshing drum 202, a guide cover 203, a gravure screen 204, a cover plate 205, a round hole screen 206 and a round hole screen driving wheel 207. Among them, the threshing drum 202 is axially rotatably mounted on the frame 201, and the threshing drum 202 is driven by a motor; the guide cover 203 is mounted on the frame 201 and is located at the front end of the threshing drum 202 and is concentric with it, and the guide cover 203 is connected to the end of the header conveying device 5 for feeding crop stems; the gravure screen 204 is mounted on the frame 201 and is located below the threshing drum 202, and the front end of the gravure screen 204 is tangent to the guide cover 203; the cover plate 205 is connected to the frame 201 through a hinge, and the cover plate 205 is located at the threshing drum 20 2, the cover plate 205 can be opened for internal maintenance; one end of the round hole screen 206 is rotatably mounted on the frame 201, the round hole screen 206 is coaxially arranged with the threshing drum 202, and the round hole screen 206 is located outside the threshing drum 202. The bottom of the round hole screen 206 is also supported and stabilized by two round hole screen driving wheels 207, and the round hole screen driving wheels 207 are used to drive the round hole screen 206 to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the threshing drum 202. The track matching part of the round hole screen 206 and the round hole screen driving wheel 207 can be driven by toothed gear meshing. One of the round hole screen driving wheels 207 is connected to the power output shaft through a universal joint, and the power output shaft is driven by a motor. The diameter of the sieve hole of the round hole screen 206 is 5-10mm. During operation, the crops transported in by the harvesting platform conveying device 5 can first be threshed by the rotation of the threshing drum 202 and the concave screen 204 for the first time, and then fall onto the round hole screen 206 for the second time. In this way, double threshing can be achieved, which reduces the amount of grains that are not fully threshed, makes the threshing effect more complete, reduces the complicated steps of multiple threshing, saves time and improves efficiency; and the round hole screen 206 rotates in the opposite direction to the threshing drum 202, which can offset part of the vibration of the threshing drum 202, reduce the resonance of the machine, and improve the threshing effect.

[0040] Specifically, the threshing drum 202 can be directly connected to the power output shaft, or the round hole screen driving wheel 207 can be connected to the threshing drum 202 through a gear system. There is a speed difference between the round hole screen 206 and the threshing drum 202, that is, the rotation speed of the threshing drum 202 is greater than the rotation speed of the round hole screen 206, which can improve the threshing efficiency.

[0041] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the grain transporter 3 is specifically composed of a trapezoidal box 301, a transverse auger, a longitudinal auger and an auger barrel 306. Among them, the trapezoidal box 301 is arranged on the lifting crawler chassis 1 and is located below the drum screen 2. The transverse auger includes transverse auger blades 304, a transverse auger shaft 302 and an outer barrel. The transverse auger shaft 302 is installed below the trapezoidal box 301, and the outer barrel is connected to the bottom of the drum screen 2; the transverse auger blades 304 are installed on the transverse auger shaft 302; the longitudinal auger includes longitudinal auger blades 305 and a longitudinal auger shaft 303. The longitudinal auger shaft 303 is installed on one side of the trapezoidal box 301 and is connected to the transverse auger shaft 302 through a bevel gear; the longitudinal auger blades 305 are installed on the longitudinal auger shaft 303. At the same time, the trapezoidal box 301 is connected to the grain tank 4 through the auger barrel 306, that is, Figure 1 The auger cylinder 306 shown in the figure is installed outside the longitudinal auger shaft 303. The grains double-threshed by the drum screen 2 will fall into the trapezoidal box 301, and will be finally transmitted from the auger cylinder 306 to the grain box 4 through the rotation transmission effect of the transverse auger and the longitudinal auger.

[0042] refer to Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the grain box 4 is specifically composed of a box body 401, a conveying auger, an output auger, an auxiliary auger and other components. Among them, the box body 401 is L-shaped, and a conveying auger and an output auger are arranged in the box body 401. The conveying auger is located at the inlet of the box body 401, and the output auger is located at the outlet of the box body 401; the conveying auger includes a conveying auger blade 403 and a conveying auger shaft 402, and the conveying auger blade 403 is installed on the conveying auger shaft 402; the output auger includes an output auger shaft 404 and an output auger blade 405, and the output auger blade 405 is installed on the output auger shaft 404; the output auger shaft 404 is installed on one side of the box body 401, and is connected to the conveying auger shaft 402 through a bevel gear. At least one set of crisscross auxiliary augers is provided in the box body 401, and the auxiliary augers include an upper augers and a lower augers; the lower augers include a lower augers shaft 406 and a lower augers blade 407, and the lower augers blade 407 is mounted on the lower augers shaft 406; the upper augers include an upper augers shaft 408 and an upper augers blade 409, and the upper augers blade 409 is mounted on the upper augers shaft 408; the lower augers shaft 406 is perpendicular to the conveying augers shaft 402, and the upper augers shaft 408 is perpendicular to the lower augers shaft 406. When the grain collected in the grain box 4 is full, the grain can be transferred to the output augers through the conveying augers, and then rotated and transmitted out. During the output process, the auxiliary augers, i.e., the upper augers and the lower augers, can play a role in stirring and preventing the grain in the grain box 4 from piling up on the upper part.

[0043] refer to Figure 1-10As shown, in this embodiment, when working, the crops growing on the terraces are first cut by the cutting table conveying device 5 and conveyed to the drum screen 2 for threshing. After two threshings by the threshing drum 202 inside the drum screen 2 and the round hole screen 206, the clean grains fall into the grain transporter 3, and then are conveyed to the grain box 4 by the grain conveying device on one side of the grain transporter 3. Since the terraces are stepped farmlands, the four triangular crawler devices in the lifting crawler chassis 1 can freely adjust the height through the telescopic hydraulic rod 105 and the secondary telescopic arm 106, so as to realize free walking in the terraces and complete efficient harvesting operations.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0045] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combine harvester for terraced fields, characterized in that: It comprises a lifting crawler chassis (1), and a drum screen (2), a grain transporter (3), a grain box (4), and a header conveying device (5) arranged thereon; The header conveying device (5) is arranged at the front end of the lifting crawler chassis (1), and the end of the header conveying device (5) is connected to the drum screen (2). The drum screen (2) is located directly above the grain transporter (3). The header conveying device (5) can harvest grains and transport them to the drum screen (2) for double threshing. The grain transporter (3) is used to transport the grains dropped after threshing to the grain box (4); Four triangular crawler devices are also provided at the bottom of both sides of the lifting crawler chassis (1).

2. A combine harvester for terraced fields overcoming obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triangular crawler device comprises a triangular crawler belt (101), two tension wheels (102), a driving wheel (103), two load-bearing wheels (104), two telescopic hydraulic rods (105) and a secondary telescopic arm (106); The triangular crawler (101) is wrapped around the outside of a driving wheel (103), two tensioning wheels (102) and two load-bearing wheels (104); the two tensioning wheels (102) are arranged at two bottom corners of the triangular crawler device; the driving wheel (103) is arranged at a top corner of the triangular crawler device; a secondary telescopic arm (106) is connected between the two tensioning wheels (102); the two load-bearing wheels (104) are respectively arranged on one side of the two tensioning wheels (102); and a telescopic hydraulic rod (105) is connected between each tensioning wheel (102) and the driving wheel (103); Synchronously driving the telescopic hydraulic rod (105) and the secondary telescopic arm (106) can change the distance between the two tensioning wheels (102) and the distance between the driving wheel (103) and the tensioning wheel (102).

3. A combine harvester for terraced field crossing obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drum screen (2) comprises a frame (201) arranged on a lifting crawler chassis (1), a threshing drum (202) rotatably supported on the frame (201), a guide cover (203) mounted on the frame (201) and connected to the end of a header conveying device (5), a concave screen (204) mounted on the frame (201) and located below the threshing drum (202) and tangent to the guide cover (203), a cover plate (205) hinged on the frame and located above the threshing drum (202), and a round hole screen (206) rotatably mounted on the frame (201) and sleeved on the outside of the threshing drum (202).

4. A combine harvester for terraced field crossing obstacles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame (201) is also provided with a round hole screen driving wheel (207), and the round hole screen driving wheel (207) can drive the round hole screen (206) to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the threshing drum (202).

5. A combine harvester for terraced field crossing obstacles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the sieve holes of the round hole sieve (206) is 5-10 mm.

6. A combine harvester for terraced field crossing obstacles according to claim 4, characterized in that: There is a rotation speed difference between the circular hole screen (206) and the threshing drum (202), and the rotation speed of the threshing drum (202) is greater than the rotation speed of the circular hole screen (206).

7. A combine harvester for terraced field crossing obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grain transporter (3) comprises a trapezoidal box (301) arranged on a lifting crawler chassis (1) and located below a drum screen (2), a transverse auger arranged below the trapezoidal box (301) and used for rotational transportation, a longitudinal auger arranged on one side of the trapezoidal box (301) and connected to the transverse auger for transportation, and an auger barrel (306) arranged outside the longitudinal auger and connecting the trapezoidal box (301) and the grain box (4).

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