Skull lock and skull lock assembly

Abstract

The utility model provides a skull lock and a skull lock assembly. The skull lock comprises an inner lock plate, an outer lock plate and a suture, and two clamping pins are symmetrically arranged on the inner lock plate and / or the outer lock plate; in the using state, the suture locks the inner locking plate and the outer locking plate so as to clamp the skull, and the clamping pin is embedded into a bone seam and limits displacement of the inner locking plate and / or the outer locking plate. According to the skull lock and the skull lock assembly, sliding of the lock plates in the installation process is limited through the two clamping pins arranged on the lock plates, the positions of the lock plates are prevented from being corrected multiple times, the inner lock plate and the outer lock plate can be fastened only by pulling sutures in the installation process, and the installation efficiency is improved; in addition, in the using state, the clamping pins are embedded into a bone seam, and the locking strength of the skull lock is improved through the clamping pins symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the lock plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of bone flap resetting, in particular to a skull lock and a skull lock component. Background Art

[0002] Bone flap repositioning after craniotomy is a common operation in neurosurgery. Bone flap repositioning places the bone flap back to its original position and fixes it to the surrounding skull with the help of instruments to prevent the bone flap from shifting or moving with the brain tissue, so as to maximize the reconstruction of the integrity of the skull, maintain the balance and stability of intracranial pressure, and protect the brain tissue.

[0003] The main structure of the current skull lock is that two inner and outer locking plates are connected by a threaded rod or a ratchet rod. During the locking process, the threaded rod or the ratchet rod is twisted to make the two locking plates approach each other and clamp the skull.

[0004] The locking plate of the existing skull lock is easy to slide during the locking process, and sometimes the position of the locking plate needs to be corrected multiple times. This process has a low installation efficiency of the skull lock. In addition, after the skull lock is installed, the locking plate is gradually absorbed or the patient's movement may cause the skull lock to shift.

[0005] In view of the defects of the prior art that the locking piece of the skull lock is easy to slide, the locking piece installation efficiency is low, and the locking piece is easy to shift after installation, the utility model provides a skull lock and a skull lock assembly. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides a skull lock and a skull lock assembly, which are used to solve the defects of low installation efficiency of a locking piece and easy displacement of the locking piece after installation in the prior art, and realize efficient installation and firm locking.

[0007] The utility model provides a skull lock, comprising: an inner locking piece, an outer locking piece, and sutures, characterized in that two locking pins are arranged on the inner locking piece and / or the outer locking piece;

[0008] In use, the suture locks the inner locking piece and the outer locking piece to clamp the skull, and the locking pin is embedded in the bone suture and limits the displacement of the inner locking piece and / or the outer locking piece.

[0009] According to the skull lock provided by the utility model, the two locking pins are arranged on both sides of the inner locking piece and / or the outer locking piece.

[0010] According to the skull lock provided by the utility model, more locking pins are arranged between the two locking pins.

[0011] According to the skull lock provided by the utility model, at least two threading holes are respectively arranged on the inner locking piece and the outer locking piece.

[0012] According to a skull lock provided by the utility model, the threading holes of the outer locking piece include threading holes of the second diameter and at least one threading hole of the first diameter, the first diameter is larger than the second diameter, and the threading holes of the first diameter are used to accommodate a movable knot.

[0013] According to the skull lock provided by the utility model, the locking pin and the threading hole are arranged on a straight line or an arc line.

[0014] According to the skull lock provided by the utility model, the outlines of the inner locking piece and the outer locking piece are circular, oval or square.

[0015] According to the skull lock provided by the utility model, the inner locking piece and the outer locking piece are further provided with anti-slip structures, and the anti-slip structures abut against the skull in the locked state.

[0016] According to a skull lock provided by the utility model, the inner locking piece and the outer locking piece are made of absorbable material.

[0017] According to the skull lock provided by the utility model, the suture is a non-absorbable suture.

[0018] The utility model also provides a skull lock assembly, comprising: a locking tool and any of the skull locks described above. During the installation of the skull lock, the locking tool is used to tighten the suture and push the knot into the outer locking piece.

[0019] According to a skull lock assembly provided by the utility model, the locking tool comprises a handle, a knot pusher and a knotter.

[0020] The skull lock and skull lock assembly provided by the utility model have at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. During the installation process, the positioning pin blocks the edge of the skull wound, limiting the sliding of the locking piece during the installation process and avoiding the need to correct the position of the locking piece multiple times during the installation process. During installation, only the sutures need to be pulled to tighten the inner and outer locking pieces. No special tools are required to cut the threaded rod / ratchet rod, and no special tools are required to iron the cut threaded rod / ratchet rod, which improves the installation efficiency.

[0022] 2. In the locked state, the locking pin is embedded in the bone joint, which can limit the axial rotation and radial flipping of the inner locking plate and / or the outer locking plate, thereby improving the locking strength;

[0023] 3. Compared with the scheme of setting the retaining pin in the middle area of ​​the locking plate, the structural design of the retaining pins set on both sides of the locking plate greatly enhances the locking strength and achieves unexpected results;

[0024] 4. The locking plate is provided with threading holes, which are convenient for the thread to pass through in order to fasten the inner and outer locking plates. The outer locking plate is provided with a threading hole with a larger diameter than other threading holes, which is convenient for sinking the thread knot into it during fastening, avoiding the foreign body sensation to the patient and also helping the patient to recover;

[0025] 5. The inner and outer locking plates are equipped with anti-slip structures to prevent the locking plates from shifting, further improving the locking strength of the skull lock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the skull lock assembly provided by the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is one of the bottom views of the inner / outer locking piece of the utility model on the side in contact with the skull;

[0029] Figure 3 This is the second bottom view of the inner / outer locking piece of the utility model on the side in contact with the skull;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the handle in the skull lock assembly provided by the utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the line knot pusher in the skull lock assembly provided by the utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the force limiting device in the skull lock assembly provided by the utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a scene diagram of an animal experiment on the skull lock of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0035] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 7 The utility model describes a skull lock and a skull lock assembly.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The skull lock provided by the utility model includes an inner locking piece 1, an outer locking piece 2, and a suture 3. When in use, the inner locking piece 1 is placed below the skull and the bone flap, and the outer locking piece 2 is placed above the skull and the bone flap. The suture 3 passes through the bone suture between the skull and the bone flap to connect and lock the inner locking piece 1 and the outer locking piece 2. Under the action of the locking force of the suture 3, the inner locking piece 1 and the outer locking piece 2 are close to each other to clamp and fix the skull and the bone flap.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 , two locking pins 11 are symmetrically arranged on the inner locking piece 1 and / or the outer locking piece 2. The two locking pins 11 symmetrically arranged on the locking piece can clamp the edge of the skull wound to limit the sliding of the locking piece during the installation process, avoiding the need to correct the position of the locking piece multiple times, improving the installation efficiency, and the locking pins 11 are embedded in the bone suture between the skull and the bone flap in the use state, and the two locking pins 11 symmetrically arranged on the locking piece in the bone suture can inhibit the axial rotation of the (inner / outer) locking piece; the locking pins 11 can also cooperate with the locking piece's buckling surface to inhibit the radial flipping of the locking piece (i.e. flipping with the bone suture direction as the axis), that is, the locking pins 11 symmetrically arranged on the locking piece improve the locking strength as a whole and increase the locking force.

[0038] It is understandable that two locking pins 11 can be symmetrically arranged on the inner locking plate 1 and the outer locking plate 2, or two locking pins 11 can be arranged only on the inner locking plate 1 or the outer locking plate 2. Of course, symmetrically arranging two locking pins 11 on the inner locking plate 1 and the outer locking plate 2 can achieve a better locking effect.

[0039] Based on any embodiment, in one embodiment, the two locking pins are arranged on both sides of the inner locking plate 1 and / or the outer locking plate 2 .

[0040] It can be understood that the "two sides" here refers to the positioning pins being arranged near the outline of the locking plate. Specifically, the distance between the center of the locking plate and the edge of the locking plate in the direction of the fixing pin is L, and the fixing pin is arranged at a position more than two-thirds of L from the center of the locking plate, such as 0.7L, 0.8L, 0.83L, 0.85L, 0.9L, 1L, 1.1L, etc., refer to Figure 3 The locking pin can be arranged outside the outline of the locking plate (ie, the distance between the fixing pin and the center of the locking plate is greater than L), for example, close to the outline of the locking plate, or the locking plate is connected to the locking pin by an extension structure.

[0041] Regarding the requirement of setting a locking pin on the locking plate, referring to the conventional design of "setting a locking screw in the center of the locking plate", the intuitive idea is to set a locking pin in the central area of ​​the locking plate. In this embodiment, the locking pin is not set in the central area of ​​the locking plate, but two locking pins are symmetrically set on the "two sides" of the locking plate, which greatly enhances the locking strength and achieves unexpected technical effects. The specific test data can be seen below:

[0042] Figure 7 The experimental scene of carrying out animal experiments on the skull lock of the utility model is shown.

[0043] Experimental subjects: Beagle dogs (male, 10±2kg)

[0044] Experimental group: the two locking pins are on both sides of the locking plate, control group: the two locking pins are in the middle area of ​​the locking plate

[0045] Experimental process: The beagle dog was fixed on the operating table, and the surgical area was disinfected twice with iodine. The scalp was incised, hemostasis was stopped, hemostatic clips were applied, subcutaneous and muscle were cut in layers, the skin flap was turned up, the skull was exposed, and then a circular defect was opened in the skull with an electric drill and a milling cutter. The defect diameter was about 20mm free bone flap, and the bone suture was about 2mm. The bone flap was fixed with 3 skull locks, the scalp was sutured, and the bandage was fixed. The animal was killed one month after the operation, and the skull containing the skull lock was taken out. The mechanical properties were tested with "the size of the downward pressure when the defective bone flap was pressed down 2mm" as an indicator. The data of the three experimental groups and three control groups were measured as follows:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] The above data show that the locking force of the skull lock of this solution is greater than 50N, which can meet the needs of skull fixation. In addition, compared with the skull lock with the locking pin located in the middle area of ​​the locking plate, the skull lock with the locking pin located on both sides of the locking plate significantly enhances the locking force, which is increased by 0.5 to 1 times on average, achieving unexpected technical effects.

[0049] Based on any embodiment, in one embodiment, more locking pins are provided between the two locking pins on both sides of the inner locking plate 1 and / or the outer locking plate 2 to further improve the locking effect.

[0050] Reference Figure 2-Figure 3Based on any embodiment, in one embodiment, at least two threading holes 12 are respectively provided on the inner locking piece 1 and the outer locking piece 2, for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc. The number of threading holes 12 on the inner locking piece 1 and the outer locking piece 2 can be equal or unequal. When the number is equal, the suture passes through the relative threading holes 12 on the inner locking piece 1 and the outer locking piece 2 for locking. When the number is unequal, in addition to passing through the relative threading holes 12 on the inner locking piece 1 and the outer locking piece 2, the suture also passes through redundant threading holes on the side of the locking piece with more threading holes, thereby improving the fastening effect of the locking piece.

[0051] Reference Figure 2-Figure 3 Based on the previous embodiment, in one embodiment, the threading hole 12 of the outer locking plate 2 includes a threading hole of the second diameter, and at least one threading hole 13 of the first diameter, the first diameter is larger than the second diameter, and the threading hole of the first diameter is used to accommodate a movable knot.

[0052] Specifically, the threading hole of the second diameter on the outer locking plate 2 is only used to pass the suture, and the threading hole of the first diameter is used to pass the suture and sink the knot into the threading hole of the first diameter after tightening the suture, so as to reduce the "foreign body sensation" caused to the patient and also help the recovery of the wound. The first diameter can be set according to a certain ratio according to the second diameter, for example, 1.3 times, 1.4 times, 1.5 times, 2 times, 3 times, etc. of the second diameter. The threading hole of the first diameter includes at least one, for example, two or three threading holes of the first diameter, and the threading hole used to accommodate the existing knot can be flexibly selected during use.

[0053] In addition, the thread knot is usually set on the outside of the skull, so the above embodiment only defines that the outer locking piece is provided with a threading hole of the first diameter. Of course, in order to reduce the production cost and product management cost of the product, the thread knot hole of the first diameter can also be provided on the inner locking piece, that is, the inner locking piece and the outer locking piece can adopt the same shape, and the two can be interchangeable. The locking piece placed under the skull and bone flap is called the inner locking piece, and the locking piece placed on the skull and bone flap is called the outer locking piece.

[0054] Based on any embodiment, in one embodiment, each of the locking pins 11 and each of the threading holes 12 are on a straight line or an arc line.

[0055] Specifically, both the locking pins 11 and the sutures 13 need to pass through the bone sutures. The locking effect can be optimized by arranging the locking pins 11 and the threading holes 12 in a line. The "line" here can be a straight line or a curve with a certain curvature. When installing the skull lock, the doctor can select a locking piece with a corresponding curvature specification according to the shape of the bone suture to achieve the best locking effect.

[0056] Based on any embodiment, in one embodiment, the contours of the inner locking piece 1 and the outer locking piece 2 are circular, elliptical or square. When the contour is elliptical, the locking pin 11 can be arranged in the short axis direction of the ellipse or in the long axis direction of the ellipse.

[0057] Reference Figure 2-Figure 3 Based on any embodiment, in one embodiment, an anti-slip structure 14 is further provided on the inner locking piece 1 and the outer locking piece 2, and the anti-slip structure abuts against the skull in the locked state.

[0058] The anti-slip structure can be an uneven structure of any pattern, such as a frosted structure, a toothed structure, a straight / net knurled structure, and the distribution range of the anti-slip structure can be part or all of the contact surface between the locking plate and the skull.

[0059] Based on any embodiment, in one embodiment, the inner locking plate and the outer locking plate are made of absorbable materials, such as polylactic acid, polylactic acid copolymer, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, etc. The absorbable material has good biocompatibility and will be gradually absorbed by the human body over time, without the need for reoperation to remove it. The specific material is selected based on the degradation time and locking strength. A higher locking strength must be met during the skull fixation period. At the same time, the degradation time cannot be too long, which can easily lead to inflammatory reactions.

[0060] Based on any embodiment, in one embodiment, the suture is a non-absorbable suture. Specifically, the inner and outer locking plates need sutures to maintain a locked state. The absorption of the sutures may cause the locking strength of the skull lock to gradually decrease and lose the locking function. The use of non-absorbable sutures can maintain the locked state of the skull lock. The sutures are made of biocompatible materials and can be maintained in the patient's body after surgery.

[0061] Based on any embodiment, in one embodiment, the non-anti-slip structure area on the side of the inner locking piece and / or the outer locking piece facing the skull is a concave structure.

[0062] The concave structure can reduce the contact area between the locking piece and the skull, so that the locking pressure is "concentrated" on the anti-slip structure area, increasing the contact effect between the anti-slip structure 14 and the skull, improving the locking force, and effectively preventing the displacement of the locking piece.

[0063] A skull lock assembly provided by the present invention is described below. The skull lock assembly described below can be referenced to the skull lock described above.

[0064] Still refer to Figure 1 The skull lock assembly provided by the utility model includes a locking tool 4 and the skull lock described above, and the skull lock includes an inner locking piece 1, an outer locking piece 2, and a suture 3, and the suture 3 passes through the bone suture to connect the inner locking piece 1 and the outer locking piece 2. On the outside of the outer locking piece 2, one end of the suture 3 is tied with a movable knot at the other end, and the locking tool 4 can be used to tighten the suture and push the knot into the outer locking piece 2 for tightening.

[0065] Further references Figure 5-Figure 7 The locking tool 4 includes a handle 41 and a detachable knot pusher 42 at the front end of the handle. The handle 41 can be a T-shaped handle. The knot pusher 42 includes a main body with a center hole and a transverse extension part that is easy to be pushed. When using the locking tool 4, the suture is passed through the center hole of the knot pusher 42 to connect to the force limiting device 411 in the handle. During the locking process of the suture, the handle 41 is used to tighten the suture, and the knot pusher 42 is used to push the active knot on the suture toward the direction of the outer locking plate 2, so that the active knot reaches the outer locking plate (or sinks into the threading hole of the first diameter). The handle 41 includes a force limiting device 411 sleeved inside the handle 41 (the two are inner and outer sleeve structures), one end of the force limiting device 411 is a stretched claw, the claw is clamped in the handle 41, and the other end of the force limiting device 411 is connected to the suture and faces the front end of the handle, which is used to pull the suture. When the pulling force exceeds the set value, the claw of the force limiting device 411 shrinks and automatically falls off from the handle 41.

[0066] The method of using the skull lock assembly of the utility model is as follows:

[0067] Step 1. In a clean environment, remove the skull lock.

[0068] Step 2. Open the inner and outer locking pieces and straighten the seams for later use.

[0069] Step 3. Use surgical forceps to hold the inner locking piece and place it between the bone flap and the dura mater, ensuring that the protruding positioning pins of the inner locking piece are between the skull sutures and close to the edge of the bone flap; two or more sets of skull locks can be placed (preferably 3 sets, which can be arranged in an equilateral triangle).

[0070] Step 4. Connect the suture to the locking tool and place the locking tool outside the skull opening.

[0071] Step 5. Return the bone flap to its original position and gently pull the sutures to ensure that the external locking pin is between the skull sutures and close to the edge of the bone flap.

[0072] Step 6. Remove the knot pusher from the front end of the handle, push the knot pusher to make the live knot sink vertically into the position of the knot hole of the outer lock plate, and use the same operation method for the remaining skull locks to sink the knots into the corresponding positions to complete the pre-locking of all skull locks.

[0073] Step 7. Hold the knot pusher tightly, make it close to the outer locking plate, and pull the handle until the force limiter falls off automatically. Fix the bone flap, cut off the excess sutures, and complete the bone flap fixation.

[0074] In view of the current situation that the locking plate is easy to slide during the installation of the skull lock in the prior art, the installation efficiency is low, and the locking strength of the skull lock after installation is low, the utility model limits the sliding of the locking plate during the installation process by means of the retaining pins arranged on both sides of the locking plate, thereby avoiding multiple corrections of the position of the locking plate. During the installation process, the inner and outer locking plates can be tightened by only pulling the sutures, thereby improving the installation efficiency; moreover, in the locked state, the retaining pins are embedded in the bone sutures, and the retaining pins symmetrically arranged on both sides of the locking plate improve the locking strength of the skull lock.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A skull lock, comprising: Inner locking piece, outer locking piece, suture, characterized in that two locking pins are symmetrically arranged on the inner locking piece and / or the outer locking piece; In the use state, the suture locks the inner locking piece and the outer locking piece to clamp the skull, and the locking pin is embedded in the bone suture and limits the displacement of the inner locking piece and / or the outer locking piece.

2. The skull lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two locking pins are arranged on both sides of the inner locking piece and / or the outer locking piece.

3. The skull lock according to claim 2, characterized in that: More locking pins are arranged between the two locking pins.

4. The skull lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner locking piece and the outer locking piece are respectively provided with at least two threading holes.

5. The skull lock according to claim 4, characterized in that: The threading holes of the outer locking plate include a threading hole with a second diameter and at least one threading hole with a first diameter, the first diameter is larger than the second diameter, and the threading hole with the first diameter is used to accommodate a movable knot.

6. The skull lock according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking pin and the threading hole are arranged on a straight line or an arc line.

7. The skull lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlines of the inner locking piece and the outer locking piece are circular, oval or square.

8. The skull lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner locking piece and the outer locking piece are also provided with anti-slip structures, and in the locked state, the anti-slip structures abut against the skull.

9. The skull lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner locking piece and the outer locking piece are made of absorbable material.

10. The skull lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suture is a non-absorbable suture.

11. A skull lock assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a locking tool and the skull lock as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10. During the installation of the skull lock, the locking tool is used to tighten the suture and push the knot into the outer locking plate.

12. A skull lock assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that: The locking tool comprises a handle and a knot pusher, and the handle comprises a force limiting device.

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