Automatic tool changing vertical numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining machine tools, in particular to an automatic tool changing vertical numerical control machine tool which comprises a machine tool base, a spindle box is fixedly connected to one side of the machine tool base, and a workbench is arranged on the surface of the machine tool base and used for containing parts needing to be machined and controlling the positions of the parts. A first motor shell is fixedly connected to the top of the spindle box, a first motor output shaft is used for controlling the height of the tool changing device to machine parts, a numerical control box is fixedly connected to one side of the spindle box, a numerical control computer is arranged on the surface of the numerical control box, the numerical control box is used for controlling the whole machine tool, and a tool changing assembly is arranged on the other side of the spindle box and used for changing tools. By means of the special structure of the tool changing assembly, more tools can be loaded without occupying too much space, the tool changing assembly can rapidly respond to a tool changing instruction to rapidly change the tools, the tool abrasion condition can be visually observed, the abraded tools can be rapidly replaced and cleaned, and the overall working efficiency and the machining effect of a machine tool are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of mechanical processing machine tools, in particular to an automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool. Background Art

[0002] A vertical CNC lathe is a lathe whose main axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. It is mainly used to process shafts, discs, sleeves and other workpieces with rotating surfaces. A vertical CNC lathe is also called a CNC lathe, which means a computer numerical control lathe. It is an automated machine tool. It has linear interpolation and circular interpolation compensation functions, and can process straight cylinders, oblique cylinders, arcs and threads. There are many existing technologies for machining machine tools, such as:

[0003] According to the Chinese patent publication number: CN105500088A, specifically, it is an automatic tool changing device and method for CNC machine tools, including a frame, a disc-type tool magazine, a tool magazine driving motor, a plurality of tools are arranged in the disc-type tool magazine, a tool-reversing cylinder is arranged on the frame, a manipulator driving motor is arranged on the frame, a turbine is arranged on the manipulator driving motor, a manipulator rotating shaft is connected to the turbine, a manipulator for tool changing is arranged on the manipulator rotating shaft, a group of in-situ positioning grooves and tool-locking positioning grooves are arranged on the turbine; an in-situ proximity switch and a tool-locking positioning proximity switch are arranged on the frame; a machining spindle is also arranged on the frame, a spindle motor is connected to the spindle, an assembly cavity adapted to the tool is arranged on the spindle, and a CNC system is also included.

[0004] However, when processing parts, it is often necessary to switch between more than a dozen or even twenty blades to achieve the desired effect. Used blades may be damaged, so using this blade again will affect the processing effect. The existing device cannot visually observe the blade after changing the tool, and cannot determine the wear of the blade. If a worn blade is found, it is inconvenient to replace and clean it, which affects the overall processing efficiency. In view of this, we propose a new type of automatic tool changing vertical CNC machine tool.

[0005] Invention content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a novel vertical CNC machine tool with automatic tool change to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides an automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool, including a machine tool base, characterized in that: a spindle box is fixedly connected to one side of the machine tool base, a workbench is provided on the surface of the machine tool base, the workbench is used to place parts to be processed and control the position of the parts, a shell of a first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the spindle box, the output shaft of the first motor is used to control the height of a tool changing device to process parts, a tool changing assembly is provided on the other side of the spindle box, the tool changing assembly is used to replace the tool, a shell of a fifth motor is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame, a second hydraulic rod is provided below the fifth motor, and the shell of the second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the support frame, and a clamping block is fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod surface of the second hydraulic rod.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the tool changing assembly includes a support frame, which is a square body with openings at both ends and a hollow interior. A first hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, a connecting plate is provided just below the top of the support frame, and the connecting plate is inside the support frame. A housing of a fourth motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate, and a tool head is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the fourth motor.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the output shaft of the fifth motor is fixedly connected with a gear, and the gear is inside the support frame, and a rack is meshingly connected below the gear, and a groove plate is fixedly connected below the rack, and the groove plate has a hole in the middle, and the hole is located directly in front of the clamping block and has a size larger than the clamping block. A sliding cross plate is provided inside the groove plate, and one side of the sliding cross plate is fixedly connected to one side of the inside of the support frame, and a vertical plate is fixedly connected below the groove plate, and a cutter disc is fixedly connected to one side of the vertical plate.

[0010] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a CNC box is fixedly connected to one side of the spindle box, and a CNC computer is provided on the surface of the CNC box. The CNC box is used to control the entire machine tool.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the workbench comprises two parallel and symmetrical first support plates, two parallel and symmetrical first sliding rods are provided between the first support plates, and both ends of the first sliding rod pass through the first support plates, one side of the first support plate is fixedly connected to the housing of the second motor, the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the first reverse screw rod, and the first reverse screw rod is between the first sliding rods, the first reverse screw rod passes through the first support plate, a fixed plate is provided above the first reverse screw rod, a sliding block adapted to the first reverse screw rod is fixedly connected below the fixed plate, two parallel and symmetrical first sliding blocks are fixedly connected at both ends below the fixed plate, and the first sliding block opening is slidably connected to the first sliding rod.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, two parallel and symmetrical second support plates are fixedly connected to the upper two ends of the fixed plate, two parallel and symmetrical second sliding rods are provided between the second support plates, and the two ends of the second sliding rod pass through the second support plate, one side of the second support plate is fixedly connected to the housing of the third motor, the output shaft of the third motor is fixedly connected to the second reverse screw rod, and the second reverse screw rod is between the second sliding rods, the second reverse screw rod passes through the second support plate, a storage plate is provided above the second reverse screw rod, two parallel and symmetrical second sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the lower two ends of the storage plate, and the second sliding block opening is slidably connected to the second sliding block, and a sliding block adapted to the second reverse screw rod is fixedly connected to the lower part of the storage plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool can load more tools without taking up too much space due to the special structure of the tool-changing assembly. The tool-changing assembly can quickly respond to tool-changing instructions for fast tool changes, and can visually observe the wear of the used tools. If a worn tool is found, it can be quickly replaced and cleaned, thereby improving the overall working efficiency and processing effect of the machine tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workbench structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool changing assembly of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tool changing assembly of the utility model without the support frame structure;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power assembly of the tool changing device of the utility model;

[0020] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0021] 1. Machine tool base;

[0022] 2. Spindle box; 21. First motor;

[0023] 3. CNC box; 31. CNC computer;

[0024] 4. Workbench; 40. First support plate; 400. First slide bar; 41. Second motor; 410. First reverse screw rod; 42. Fixed plate; 43. First sliding block; 44. Second support plate; 440. Second slide bar; 45. Third motor; 450. Second reverse screw rod; 46. Storage plate; 47. Second slider;

[0025] 5. Tool changing assembly; 50. Support frame; 51. First hydraulic rod; 52. Connecting plate; 53. Fourth motor; 531. Cutter head; 54. Fifth motor; 541. Gear; 55. Second hydraulic rod; 551. Clamping block; 56. Sliding horizontal plate; 57. Grooved plate; 571. Rack; 58. Vertical plate; 59. Cutter disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] A vertical CNC lathe is a lathe whose main axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. It is mainly used to process shafts, discs, sleeves and other workpieces with rotating surfaces. A vertical CNC lathe is also called a CNC lathe, which means a computer numerical control lathe. It is an automated machine tool. It has linear interpolation and circular interpolation compensation functions, and can process straight cylinders, oblique cylinders, arcs and threads.

[0028] See also Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool, including a machine tool base 1. Considering that the CNC machine tool requires a processing table and a spindle to perform processing, as well as a CNC table to convey instructions, a spindle box 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the machine tool base 1, wherein the working principle of the spindle box 2 is as follows: the spindle system of the CNC machine tool realizes the start, stop and speed adjustment of the spindle by controlling the switch and speed of the motor; the electrical control system can realize precise control of the start and stop of the spindle, and at the same time realizes precise adjustment of the spindle speed through the frequency converter; the interior of the box contains complex transmission components such as the spindle assembly, the reversing mechanism, and the transmission mechanism, which work together to transmit the power of the motor to the spindle to ensure that the spindle can rotate at a predetermined speed and direction. ; The spindle end of a CNC machine tool generally adopts a short conical flange structure, which can also keep the overhang length of the spindle short, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the processing; this is easy to understand for people in the technical field, and will not be elaborated on here. A workbench 4 is provided on the surface of the machine tool base 1, and the workbench 4 is used to place the parts to be processed and control the position of the parts. The top of the spindle box 2 is fixedly connected to the housing of the first motor 21, and the output shaft of the first motor 21 is used to control the height of the tool changing device to process the parts. The working principle of the motor is: when current passes through the coil of the conductor, a magnetic field is generated around it. If this magnetic field interacts with another magnetic field such as a permanent magnet, a force will be generated, causing the coil or the rotor of the motor to start rotating. The structure of the motor usually includes two parts: the stator and the rotor. The stator is the stationary part of the motor, usually including windings, which are used to generate a magnetic field; the rotor is the rotating part of the motor, usually including conductors. When current passes through the conductor, it generates a force in the magnetic field, causing the rotor to rotate so that the motor output shaft rotates. This is easy to understand for people in the field of technology, and no further elaboration is given here. A CNC box 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the spindle box 2, and a CNC computer 31 is provided on the surface of the CNC box 3. The CNC box 3 is used to control the entire machine tool. Among them, the working principle of the CNC box 3 is mainly composed of several parts such as a power module, a motor drive module, an input and output module, and a CPU module. Among them, the power module provides power to the entire electric box, the motor drive module controls the motor movement through the motor driver, the input and output module is responsible for inputting and outputting control signals, and the CPU module is the control core of the entire electric box, which controls the operation of the entire system; first, the operator inputs instructions through a keyboard or other input device, and the electric box receives and interprets the instructions and converts them into control signals for the operation of the motor. Subsequently, the electric box controls the speed and direction of the motor through the motor driver to realize the movement of the CNC lathe. Finally, the output module outputs relevant data and signals and feeds them back to the operator. This is easy to understand for people in this technical field and will not be elaborated in this article. A tool changing assembly 5 is provided on the other side of the spindle box 2, and the tool changing assembly 5 is used to replace the tool.

[0029] Considering that the existing device cannot visually observe the blade and determine the wear condition of the blade after changing the tool, the tool changing assembly 5 includes a support frame 50. The support frame 50 is a square body with openings at both ends and a hollow interior. The special structure of the support frame 50 can visually observe the wear condition of the used tool.

[0030] Considering that if the motor and the cutter disc 59 are at the same horizontal position during tool change, the tool change will fail and the tool will be damaged. Therefore, a first hydraulic rod 51 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 50, wherein the working principle of the hydraulic rod is as follows: the principle of the hydraulic rod is based on Pascal's law, that is, the pressure in the incompressible liquid will be evenly transmitted in the entire closed system. The hydraulic rod is mainly composed of an oil cylinder, a rod, a piston and a sealing device. When the pressure oil enters the hydraulic rod through the oil pipe, it acts on the piston, generating thrust or pulling force, causing the piston to move linearly along the rod, thereby realizing force transmission and regulation. A key component inside the hydraulic rod is the piston, which is divided into two parts with different cross-sectional areas, front and rear. When the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic cylinder, it acts on the rear of the piston to push the piston forward, while the oil in the front of the piston enters the rear of the cylinder through the oil pipe, causing the piston to return to its initial position. This is easily understood by personnel in the technical field and will not be elaborated in this article. A connecting plate 52 is provided just below the top of the support frame 50, and the connecting plate 52 is inside the support frame 50. A housing of a fourth motor 53 is fixedly connected below the connecting plate 52, and a cutter head 531 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the fourth motor 53. Under the action of the first hydraulic rod 51, the connecting plate 52 drives the housing of the fourth motor 53 to move vertically up and down, thereby adjusting the position of the cutter head 531, ensuring the success of tool change and avoiding damage to the tool caused by collision.

[0031] Taking into account that when changing the tool, the tool needs to be pushed to the bottom of the cutter head 531 to complete the tool change, therefore, a shell of the fifth motor 54 is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame 50, and a second hydraulic rod 55 is provided below the fifth motor 54, and the shell of the second hydraulic rod 55 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support frame 50, and a clamping block 551 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod surface of the second hydraulic rod 55, wherein the clamping block 551 is controlled by the second hydraulic rod 55, and under the action of the clamping block 551 controlled by the second hydraulic rod 55, the tool is clamped and pushed to the bottom of the cutter head 531, so that the position of the tool and the cutter head 531 fits together without deviation to complete the tool change.

[0032] Taking into account the need to transport the required tool to the specified position when changing the tool, the output shaft of the fifth motor 54 is fixedly connected to the gear 541, and the gear 541 is inside the support frame 50, and the gear 541 is meshed and connected with a rack 571 below the gear 541, and a groove plate 57 is fixedly connected below the rack 571, and the groove plate 57 has a hole in the middle, and the position of the hole is located directly in front of the clamping block 551, and the size of the hole is larger than the clamping block 551, and a sliding cross plate 56 is provided inside the groove plate 57, and one side of the sliding cross plate 56 is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame 50, and a vertical plate 58 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the groove plate 57, and one side of the vertical plate 58 is fixedly connected to a cutter disc 59, driven by the output shaft of the fifth motor 54, the cutter disc 59 can quickly transport the required blade to the specified position.

[0033] Considering that the parts need to be fixed when being processed, and the positions of the processed parts are different, the workbench 4 includes two parallel and symmetrical first support plates 40, two parallel and symmetrical first slide bars 400 are arranged between the first support plates 40, and both ends of the first slide bar 400 pass through the first support plate 40, one side of the first support plate 40 is fixedly connected with the housing of the second motor 41, the output shaft of the second motor 41 is fixedly connected with the first reverse screw rod 410, and the first reverse screw rod 410 is between the first slide bars 400, the first reverse screw rod 410 passes through the first support plate 40, a fixed plate 42 is arranged above the first reverse screw rod 410, a slider adapted to the first reverse screw rod 410 is fixedly connected below the fixed plate 42, two parallel and symmetrical first sliding blocks 43 are fixedly connected at both ends below the fixed plate 42, and the first sliding block 43 has an opening slidably connected to the first slide bar 400, two parallel and symmetrical second support plates 44 are fixedly connected at both ends above the fixed plate 42, and the second support plate 44 Two parallel and symmetrical second sliding bars 440 are provided between them, and both ends of the second sliding bars 440 pass through the second supporting plate 44, one side of the second supporting plate 44 is fixedly connected with the housing of the third motor 45, the output shaft of the third motor 45 is fixedly connected with the second reverse screw rod 450, and the second reverse screw rod 450 is between the second sliding bars 440, the second reverse screw rod 450 passes through the second supporting plate 44, a storage plate 46 is provided above the second reverse screw rod 450, two parallel and symmetrical second sliding blocks 47 are fixedly connected at both ends below the storage plate 46, and the second sliding block 47 has an opening and is slidably connected to the second sliding bars 440, a sliding block adapted to the second reverse screw rod 450 is fixedly connected below the storage plate 46, the parts to be processed are fixed above the storage plate 46, when the position of the parts to be processed needs to be adjusted, the fixed plate 42 is moved by the output shaft of the second motor 41, and the storage plate 46 is moved by the output shaft of the third motor 45, so as to adjust different positions when processing parts.

[0034] In summary, the working principle of this solution is as follows:

[0035] When machining parts and changing tools is required, the CNC computer 31 transmits instructions through the CNC box 3 to control the entire machine tool. The first hydraulic rod 51 lifts the housing of the fourth motor 53 to drive the cutter head 531. The output shaft of the fifth motor 54 drives the cutter disc 59 to transport the required tool to the opening of the groove plate 57. The second hydraulic rod 55 moves and controls the clamping block 551 to clamp the required tool directly below the cutter head 531. The first hydraulic machine then pushes the cutter head 531 to engage with the tool. After the connection is completed, the clamping block 551 is retracted to complete the tool change. The special structure of the tool changing assembly 5 can intuitively observe the wear of the tool. When a new blade needs to be replaced, the CNC computer 31 transmits instructions. Then the output shaft of the fifth motor 54 drives the cutter disc 59 to move to the outside of the tool changing assembly 5. Then the tool can be replaced and cleaned.

[0036] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool, comprising a machine tool base (1), characterized in that: A spindle box (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the machine tool base (1); a workbench (4) is provided on the surface of the machine tool base (1); the workbench (4) is used to place parts to be processed and control the position of the parts; a housing of a first motor (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the spindle box (2); an output shaft of the first motor (21) is used to control the height of a tool changing device to process parts; a tool changing assembly (5) is provided on the other side of the spindle box (2); the tool changing assembly (5) is used to replace a tool; The tool changing assembly (5) comprises a support frame (50), a housing of a fifth motor (54) is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame (50), a second hydraulic rod (55) is provided below the fifth motor (54), the housing of the second hydraulic rod (55) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support frame (50), and a clamping block (551) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod surface of the second hydraulic rod (55).

2. The automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (50) is a square body with openings at both ends and a hollow interior. The top of the support frame (50) is fixedly connected to a first hydraulic rod (51). A connecting plate (52) is provided directly below the top of the support frame (50), and the connecting plate (52) is inside the support frame (50). The housing of a fourth motor (53) is fixedly connected below the connecting plate (52), and the output shaft of the fourth motor (53) is fixedly connected to a cutter head (531).

3. The automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output shaft of the fifth motor (54) is fixedly connected to a gear (541), and the gear (541) is inside the support frame (50). A rack (571) is meshed and connected below the gear (541). A groove plate (57) is fixedly connected below the rack (571). The groove plate (57) has a hole in the middle, and the hole is located just in front of the clamping block (551) and is larger in size than the clamping block (551). A sliding cross plate (56) is provided inside the groove plate (57), and one side of the sliding cross plate (56) is fixedly connected to one side inside the support frame (50). A vertical plate (58) is fixedly connected below the groove plate (57), and a cutter disc (59) is fixedly connected to one side of the vertical plate (58).

4. The automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A numerical control box (3) is fixedly connected to one side of the spindle box (2), a numerical control computer (31) is provided on the surface of the numerical control box (3), and the numerical control box (3) is used to control the entire machine tool.

5. The automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (4) comprises two parallel and symmetrical first support plates (40), two parallel and symmetrical first sliding rods (400) are arranged between the first support plates (40), and two ends of the first sliding rod (400) pass through the first support plates (40), one side of the first support plate (40) is fixedly connected with the housing of the second motor (41), the output shaft of the second motor (41) is fixedly connected with the first reverse screw rod (410), and the first reverse screw rod (410) is between the first sliding rods (400), and the first reverse screw rod (410) passes through the first support plates (40), a fixed plate (42) is arranged above the first reverse screw rod (410), a sliding block adapted to the first reverse screw rod (410) is fixedly connected below the fixed plate (42), two parallel and symmetrical first sliding blocks (43) are fixedly connected at both ends below the fixed plate (42), and the first sliding block (43) has an opening that is slidably connected to the first sliding rod (400).

6. The automatic tool-changing vertical CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two parallel and symmetrical second support plates (44) are fixedly connected at both ends above the fixed plate (42), two parallel and symmetrical second sliding rods (440) are arranged between the second support plates (44), and two ends of the second sliding rods (440) pass through the second support plate (44), one side of the second support plate (44) is fixedly connected with the housing of the third motor (45), the output shaft of the third motor (45) is fixedly connected with the second reverse screw rod (450), and the second reverse screw rod (450) is between the second sliding rods (440), and the second reverse screw rod (450) passes through the second support plate (44), a storage plate (46) is arranged above the second reverse screw rod (450), two parallel and symmetrical second sliding blocks (47) are fixedly connected at both ends below the storage plate (46), and the second sliding block (47) has an opening slidably connected to the second sliding block (440), and a sliding block matched with the second reverse screw rod (450) is fixedly connected below the storage plate (46).

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