One-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device

Abstract

The utility model provides a one-way multistage gas pressure reducing device which comprises a valve body, a valve cover and a valve core, a valve cavity is arranged in the valve body, one end of the valve cavity is provided with a gas inlet, and the side wall of the valve cavity is provided with a gas outlet; the valve cover is mounted at the other end of the valve body; the valve element is installed in the valve cavity in a sliding mode, a first spring which connects the valve element with the valve deck and is in a force storage state is arranged between the valve element and the valve deck, a plug is arranged at the other end of the valve element, and the plug abuts against an air inlet of the valve body under the thrust of the first spring. An air inlet chamber is arranged between the outer wall of the plug and the inner wall of the valve cavity, a center channel, a pressure reduction channel communicated with the center channel and an air inlet channel communicated with the pressure reduction channel and the air inlet chamber are arranged in the valve element, and the pressure reduction channel is formed by mutually communicating a plurality of T-shaped grooves. The hydrogen pressure reducing valve overcomes the defect that the hydrogen outlet pressure of the first-stage pressure reducing device in the hydrogen pressure reducing valve in the prior art is difficult to reach the working pressure of a fuel cell; the characteristic of one-way flow is also realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gas fuel decompression, in particular to a unidirectional multi-stage gas decompression device. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is usually stored in high-pressure tanks of 35-70MPa, while the optimal working pressure of the fuel cell is 0.1-0.3MPa. The pressure reducing valve can ensure that hydrogen is released to the required pressure level in a reliable and safe manner, thereby ensuring the driving safety of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Therefore, the pressure reducing device is a crucial safety device in the hydrogen supply system of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0003] In the prior art, most hydrogen pressure reducing valves are one-stage pressure reducing devices and have the following disadvantages: a one-stage pressure reducing device can usually only achieve a large initial pressure reduction and cannot adapt to a wider range of requirements; it can only perform a single-level pressure reducing operation and cannot provide multi-stage pressure reducing protection, resulting in high system operation risks; there will be a certain amount of pressure loss during the pressure reduction process, which may lead to reduced efficiency and energy waste in the pressure reduction process; during the hydrogen processing process, it will be affected by factors such as gas temperature changes and flow fluctuations, resulting in insufficient stability and reliability. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the utility model proposes a one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device.

[0005] The utility model provides a one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device, comprising: a valve body, a valve cover and a valve core, wherein:

[0006] The valve body has a valve cavity inside, one end of the valve body is provided with an air inlet for gas to enter the valve cavity, and the side wall of the valve body is provided with an air outlet for gas to discharge from the valve cavity;

[0007] The valve cover is installed at the other end of the valve body and blocks the end of the valve cavity away from the air inlet;

[0008] The valve core is slidably installed in the valve cavity, and a sealing structure is provided between the peripheral walls at both ends of the valve core and the inner wall of the valve cavity; a first spring connecting the valve core and the valve cover and in a force storage state is provided between the valve core and the valve cover, and a plug is provided at the other end of the valve core, and under the thrust of the first spring, the plug at the lower end of the valve core presses against the air inlet of the valve body to close the air inlet;

[0009] There is a distance between the outer wall of the plug and the inner wall of the valve cavity to form an air inlet chamber. The inside of the valve core is provided with a central channel that runs through the top of the valve core, a pressure reducing channel located below the central channel and connected to the central channel, and an air inlet channel connecting the pressure reducing channel and the air inlet chamber. The pressure reducing channel is formed by a number of T-shaped grooves that are interconnected.

[0010] Preferably, a second spring is provided outside the valve core between the sealing structures at both ends thereof, the second spring is in a force storage state, and its lower end abuts against or is connected to the valve body, and its top end abuts against or is connected to the valve core.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the valve body is provided with heat dissipation fins.

[0012] Preferably, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure at the end where the gas outlet is located is installed on the valve cover.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure sensor comprises an outer shell and a pressure sensitive element arranged inside the outer shell. An opening is provided at the bottom of the pressure sensor, and the opening is communicated with the valve cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end surface of the valve cover is provided with a transversely arranged groove with at least one end penetrating through the side wall thereof, and the air outlet is located at the penetrating end of the groove and extends in the same direction as the groove.

[0015] Preferably, the air inlet channel is arranged transversely, and both ends thereof penetrate the side wall of the plug respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the lower end of the plug is a conical structure.

[0017] Preferably, one end of the valve body away from the valve cover is provided with a male connector connected thereto, and the interior of the male connector has a passage communicating with the valve cavity to form an air inlet.

[0018] Preferably, a Tesla valve group is also included, which includes at least one Tesla valve. When the number of Tesla valves is more than one, all Tesla valves are connected in series in sequence so that the flow channels inside them are connected in sequence, and a female connector that matches and connects to the male connector is provided at the outlet of the first Tesla valve.

[0019] In the utility model, the first spring in the valve body is in a state of accumulating force, and the plug at the lower end of the valve core is against the air inlet of the valve body under the thrust of the first spring to close the air inlet. There is a distance between the outer wall of the plug and the inner wall of the valve cavity to form an air inlet chamber, and the valve core is provided with a central channel that passes through the top of the valve core, a pressure-reducing channel located below the central channel and connected to the central channel, and an air inlet channel that connects the pressure-reducing channel and the air inlet chamber. When gas is introduced into the pressure-reducing device, the gas entering needs to continuously consume a large amount of energy to resist the thrust of the first spring to ensure that the air inlet is in an open state, thereby forming a primary pressure reduction here. When the gas enters the air inlet chamber through the air inlet, it enters the pressure-reducing channel through the air inlet channel, then enters the central channel through the pressure-reducing channel, and enters the air outlet after being discharged from the top of the central channel, and terminates being discharged from the air outlet. When the gas enters the air inlet channel from the air inlet chamber, the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas passing through the flow channel is instantly reduced, causing the local resistance to increase rapidly and the fluid pressure to decrease, thereby forming a throttling pressure-reducing effect here, and then forming a secondary pressure reduction. When the gas enters the decompression channel from the air intake channel, since the decompression channel is formed by a plurality of interconnected T-shaped grooves, the gas will collide multiple times when flowing through the decompression channel, reducing its own energy, thereby forming three decompressions here, and the flow rate is well controlled in the process of step-by-step decompression, thereby making the structural design of the decompression channel also have excellent anti-cavitation erosion and noise reduction and vibration reduction performance. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. It realizes more effective control of the output pressure of hydrogen, making up for the disadvantage that the hydrogen outlet pressure of the first-stage pressure reducing device in the hydrogen pressure reducing valve in the prior art is difficult to reach the working pressure of the fuel cell;

[0021] 2. It can not only reduce the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen, but also has the characteristics of one-way flow, preventing hydrogen backflow;

[0022] 3. It can monitor the hydrogen pressure fluctuation and decompression process in real time, improve the reliability of the device, and realize the working efficiency and service life of the hydrogen fuel cell system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device proposed by the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the valve cover in a one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device proposed by the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the Tesla valve group in a one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device proposed by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4This is an exploded view of a one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device proposed by the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Reference Figure 1-2 The utility model provides a one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device, comprising: a valve body 1, a valve cover 2 and a valve core 3, wherein:

[0028] The valve body 1 has a valve cavity inside, and an air inlet 91 for gas to enter its valve cavity is provided at one end of the valve body 1, and an air outlet 11 for gas to discharge its valve cavity is provided on the side wall of the valve body 1. The valve cover 2 is installed at the other end of the valve body 1 and forms a blockage for the end of the valve cavity away from its air inlet 91. The valve core 3 is slidably installed in the valve cavity, and a sealing structure 4 is provided between the peripheral walls at both ends of the valve core 3 and the inner wall of the valve cavity; a first spring 5 connecting the valve core 3 and the valve cover 2 and in a force storage state is provided between the valve core 3 and the valve cover 2, and a plug 34 is provided at the other end of the valve core 3, and under the thrust of the first spring 5, the plug 34 at the lower end of the valve core 3 presses against the air inlet 91 of the valve body 1 to close the air inlet 91. There is a distance between the outer wall of the plug 34 and the inner wall of the valve cavity to form an air inlet chamber 6. The interior of the valve core 3 is provided with a central channel 31 that passes through the top of the valve core 3, a pressure reducing channel 32 that is located below the central channel 31 and connected to the central channel 31, and an air inlet channel 33 that connects the pressure reducing channel 32 and the air inlet chamber 6. The pressure reducing channel 32 is formed by a plurality of T-shaped grooves that are interconnected.

[0029] When no gas is introduced into the device, the air inlet 91 is blocked by the plug 34. When the gas is introduced, the entering gas will continue to consume a large amount of energy to counteract the thrust of the first spring 5 to ensure that the air inlet 91 is in an open state, so that the gas forms a decompression during the entry process. When the gas enters the air inlet chamber 6 through the air inlet 91, it will enter the decompression channel 32 through the air inlet channel 33. When the gas enters the air inlet channel 33 from the air inlet chamber 6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas through the flow channel is instantly reduced, causing the local resistance to increase rapidly, the fluid pressure to decrease, and the throttling decompression effect to form a secondary decompression. After the secondary decompression, the gas enters the decompression channel 32 through the air inlet channel 33. Since the decompression channel 32 is formed by a plurality of T-shaped grooves interconnected, the reflux impact characteristics of the channel are enhanced. When the gas flows through the decompression channel 32, multiple collisions will occur, which will reduce its own energy and form a third decompression. The gas decompressed through the decompression channel 32 enters the central channel 31 , passes through the central channel 31 and flows into the other end of the valve core 3 and then is discharged through the gas outlet 11 .

[0030] Specifically, the air inlet channel 33 is arranged horizontally, and both ends thereof penetrate the side wall of the plug 34. After the gas enters the air inlet chamber 6, it is divided into two air flows and enters the pressure reducing channel 32 from both ends of the air inlet channel 33. This air intake method can reduce the vibration of the valve core 3. The lower end of the plug 34 is a conical structure, so as to better seal the air inlet 91.

[0031] In addition, in this embodiment, a second spring 7 is arranged outside the valve core 3 between the sealing structures 4 at both ends thereof, and the second spring 7 is in a force storage state, the lower end of the second spring 7 abuts against or is connected to the valve body 1, and the top end of the second spring 7 abuts against or is connected to the valve core 3. The second spring 7 and the first spring 5 can absorb the vibration caused by the pressure change inside the valve core 3, and when the air inlet 91 is no longer ventilated, the valve core 3 is reset under the action of the first spring 5, and the second spring 7 can slow down the resetting speed of the valve core 3, so as to prevent the valve core 3 from resetting quickly and causing the plug 34 to impact the location of the air inlet 91, so as to avoid damage to the valve body 1 and the generation of abnormal noise due to impact, and can effectively extend the service life of the valve body 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, heat dissipation fins 12 are further provided on the outer wall of the valve body 1 , and the heat dissipation fins 12 are used to dissipate the heat generated during the gas decompression process to prevent the discharged gas from having an excessively high temperature.

[0033] In this embodiment, a pressure sensor 8 for detecting the pressure at the end where the gas outlet 11 is located is installed on the valve cover 2. The pressure sensor 8 is arranged at the end where the gas outlet 11 is located, so that the pressure value can be accurately measured by the pressure sensor 8 to obtain the actual pressure value when the gas is discharged.

[0034] Specifically: the pressure sensor 8 includes an outer shell and a pressure sensitive element arranged inside the outer shell. An opening is provided at the bottom of the pressure sensor 8, and the opening is connected to the valve cavity. The gas directly acts on the pressure sensitive element inside the pressure sensor 8 through the opening, and transmits pressure to the pressure sensitive element, so that the pressure sensor 8 accurately senses the pressure change and outputs the corresponding electrical signal, thereby realizing accurate measurement of the pressure value.

[0035] In this embodiment, the lower end surface of the valve cover 2 is provided with a groove 21 which is arranged transversely and at least one end of which passes through the side wall thereof, and the gas outlet 11 is located at the through end of the groove 21 and extends in the same direction as the groove 21. When the valve core 3 is acted upon by the thrust of the gas so that its top abuts against the lower end of the valve cover 2, the gas discharged from the central channel 31 can enter the gas outlet 11 through the groove 21, thereby ensuring the smoothness of gas discharge.

[0036] In addition, in this embodiment, a male connector 9 connected to the valve cover 2 is provided at one end of the valve body 1 away from the valve cover 2, and a passage communicating with the valve cavity is provided inside the male connector 9 to form an air inlet 91. This structural design is convenient for quick connection with other components and for replacement of the air inlet 91.

[0037] Reference Figure 3-4 The utility model proposes a one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device, which also includes a Tesla valve 10 group, which includes at least one Tesla valve 10, and when the number of Tesla valves 10 is more than one, all Tesla valves 10 are connected in series in sequence so that the flow channels inside them are connected in sequence, and the outlet of the first Tesla valve 10 is provided with a female connector that matches and connects to the male connector 9. By increasing or decreasing the number of Tesla valves 10 in the Tesla valve 10 group, the gas pressure reduction level of the device can be increased or decreased, and then the output pressure of hydrogen can be further and more effectively controlled to ensure that the gas output pressure meets the requirements.

[0038] As can be seen from the above, in the utility model, the first spring 5 in the valve body 1 is in a state of accumulating force, and the plug 34 at the lower end of the valve core 3 is against the air inlet 91 of the valve body 1 under the thrust of the first spring 5 to close the air inlet 91. There is a gap between the outer wall of the plug 34 and the inner wall of the valve cavity to form an air inlet chamber 6, and the valve core 3 is provided with a central channel 31 that passes through the top of the valve core 3, a pressure-reducing channel 32 located below the central channel 31 and connected to the central channel 31, and an air inlet channel 33 that connects the pressure-reducing channel 32 and the air inlet chamber 6. When gas is introduced into the pressure-reducing device, the entering gas needs to continuously consume a large amount of energy to resist the thrust of the first spring 5, ensuring that the air inlet 91 is in an open state, thereby forming a pressure reduction here. When the gas enters the air inlet chamber 6 through the air inlet 91, it enters the pressure-reducing channel 32 through the air inlet channel 33, and then enters the central channel 31 through the pressure-reducing channel 32, and enters the air outlet 11 after being discharged from the top of the central channel 31, and ends being discharged from the air outlet 11. When the gas enters the air inlet channel 33 from the air inlet chamber 6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel through which the gas passes is instantly reduced, causing the local resistance to increase rapidly and the fluid pressure to decrease, thereby forming a throttling and decompression effect here, and then forming a secondary decompression. When the gas enters the decompression channel 32 from the air inlet channel 33, since the decompression channel 32 is formed by a number of T-shaped grooves interconnected, the gas will collide multiple times when flowing through the decompression channel 32, reducing its own energy, thereby forming a third decompression here, and the flow rate is well controlled in the process of step-by-step decompression, so that the structural design of the decompression channel 32 also has excellent anti-cavitation and anti-noise and vibration reduction performance. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0039] 1. It realizes more effective control of the output pressure of hydrogen, making up for the disadvantage that the hydrogen outlet pressure of the first-stage pressure reducing device in the hydrogen pressure reducing valve in the prior art is difficult to reach the working pressure of the fuel cell;

[0040] 2. It can not only reduce the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen, but also has the characteristics of one-way flow, preventing hydrogen backflow;

[0041] 3. It can monitor the hydrogen pressure fluctuation and decompression process in real time, improve the reliability of the device, and realize the working efficiency and service life of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention according to the technical scheme and the utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device, characterized in that: include: A valve body (1), a valve cover (2) and a valve core (3), wherein: The valve body (1) has a valve cavity inside, one end of the valve body (1) is provided with an air inlet (91) for gas to enter the valve cavity, and the side wall of the valve body (1) is provided with an air outlet (11) for gas to discharge from the valve cavity; The valve cover (2) is mounted on the other end of the valve body (1) and blocks the end of the valve cavity away from the air inlet (91); The valve core (3) is slidably installed in the valve cavity, and a sealing structure (4) is provided between the peripheral walls at both ends of the valve core (3) and the inner wall of the valve cavity; a first spring (5) is provided between the valve core (3) and the valve cover (2) to connect the two and is in a force storage state, and a plug (34) is provided at the other end of the valve core (3), and under the thrust of the first spring (5), the plug (34) at the lower end of the valve core (3) presses against the air inlet (91) of the valve body (1) to close the air inlet (91); There is a distance between the outer wall of the plug (34) and the inner wall of the valve cavity to form an air inlet chamber (6); the valve core (3) is provided with a central channel (31) penetrating the top of the valve core (3), a pressure reducing channel (32) located below the central channel (31) and connected to the central channel (31), and an air inlet channel (33) connecting the pressure reducing channel (32) and the air inlet chamber (6); the pressure reducing channel (32) is formed by a plurality of T-shaped grooves connected to each other.

2. The one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second spring (7) is provided outside the valve core (3) between the sealing structures (4) at both ends thereof. The second spring (7) is in a force storage state, and its lower end abuts against or is connected to the valve body (1), and its top end abuts against or is connected to the valve core (3).

3. The one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the valve body (1) is provided with heat dissipation fins (12).

4. The one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (8) for detecting the pressure at the end where the gas outlet (11) is located is installed on the valve cover (2).

5. The one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (8) comprises an outer shell and a pressure sensitive element arranged inside the outer shell. An opening is provided at the bottom of the pressure sensor (8), and the opening is communicated with the valve cavity.

6. The one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the valve cover (2) is provided with a groove (21) which is arranged transversely and has at least one end penetrating through the side wall thereof. The air outlet (11) is located at the through end of the groove (21) and extends in the same direction as the groove (21).

7. The one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet channel (33) is arranged transversely, and both ends thereof penetrate the side walls of the plug (34) respectively.

8. The one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the plug (34) is a conical structure.

9. The one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the valve body (1) away from the valve cover (2) is provided with a male connector (9) connected thereto, and the male connector (9) has a passage inside thereof communicating with the valve cavity to form an air inlet (91).

10. The one-way multi-stage gas pressure reducing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes a Tesla valve group, which includes at least one Tesla valve (10). When the number of Tesla valves (10) is more than one, all Tesla valves (10) are connected in series in sequence so that the flow channels inside them are connected in sequence, and a female connector that matches and connects to the male connector (9) is provided at the outlet of the first Tesla valve (10).

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