Dual-frequency antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dual-frequency antenna and an electronic device. The dual-frequency antenna comprises a PCB unit, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit and two feed units, the PCB unit, the second antenna unit and the first antenna unit are sequentially stacked; the first antenna unit is provided with a first feeding point and a second feeding point, and the second antenna unit is provided with a first feeding hole and a second feeding hole; the orthographic projection of the first feed point on the PCB unit coincides with the orthographic projection of the first feed hole on the PCB unit, and the orthographic projection of the second feed point on the PCB unit coincides with the orthographic projection of the second feed hole on the PCB unit. A feed network is arranged on the PCB unit; one feed unit passes through the first feed point and the first feed hole and is connected with the feed network; and the other feed unit passes through the second feed point and the second feed hole and is connected with the feed network. The dual-frequency antenna provided by the utility model can reduce the size of the antenna while ensuring the performance, and has the advantages of miniaturization, strong interference resistance and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to a dual-frequency antenna and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the Beidou satellite navigation system, its related applications have been vigorously developed, covering traditional surveying and mapping as well as current hot spots such as unmanned autonomous driving and drones. In order to achieve high-precision navigation and positioning, current positioning equipment often simultaneously receives satellite signals of different frequency bands of the Beidou satellite navigation system, the Global Positioning System (GPS), and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), realizing multi-system joint positioning and further improving positioning accuracy through real-time differential technology.

[0003] Most existing positioning devices use a one-piece antenna to receive signals from the B2 and B3 bands of the Beidou satellite navigation system. However, in order to ensure antenna gain, the dielectric plates used in existing one-piece antennas are relatively thick, which increases the size of the antenna and affects the lightweight and miniaturization of positioning devices. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a dual-frequency antenna and electronic equipment, which can reduce the size of the antenna while ensuring the antenna performance, and has the advantages of miniaturization and strong anti-interference.

[0005] According to one aspect of the utility model, a dual-frequency antenna is provided, comprising: a printed circuit board PCB unit, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit and two feeding units; wherein,

[0006] The PCB unit, the second antenna unit and the first antenna unit are stacked in sequence;

[0007] The first antenna unit is provided with a first feeding point and a second feeding point, and the second antenna unit is provided with a first feeding hole and a second feeding hole; the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the PCB unit coincides with the orthographic projection of the first feeding hole on the PCB unit, and the orthographic projection of the second feeding point on the PCB unit coincides with the orthographic projection of the second feeding hole on the PCB unit;

[0008] A feeding network is arranged on the PCB unit; one feeding unit passes through a first feeding point and a first feeding hole to be connected to the feeding network; another feeding unit passes through a second feeding point and a second feeding hole to be connected to the feeding network.

[0009] Optionally, in a direction from the PCB unit to the first antenna unit, the first antenna unit includes a first reference ground plane, a first dielectric substrate and a first radiation layer in sequence, and the second antenna unit includes a second reference ground plane, a second dielectric substrate and a second radiation layer in sequence; wherein,

[0010] The first feeding point and the second feeding point are both connected to the first radiation layer, and the first feeding hole and the second feeding hole are not connected to the second radiation layer.

[0011] Optionally, a first short-circuit hole and a short-circuit ring are provided on the first antenna unit; the first short-circuit hole is located at the center of the first antenna unit, and the center of the first short-circuit hole coincides with the center of the short-circuit ring; the first short-circuit hole and the short-circuit ring are both used to connect the first reference ground plane and the first radiation layer;

[0012] A second short-circuit hole is provided on the second antenna unit; the second short-circuit hole is located at the center of the second antenna unit, and the orthographic projection of the first short-circuit hole on the PCB unit coincides with the orthographic projection of the second short-circuit hole on the PCB unit; the second short-circuit hole is used to connect the second reference ground plane and the second radiation layer.

[0013] Optionally, the short-circuit ring includes 2N short-circuit points distributed in a centrally symmetrical manner, where 2≤N≤16, and N is an integer.

[0014] Optionally, solder resist silk screens are provided around the first feeding point and the second feeding point.

[0015] Optionally, the orthographic projections of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit on the PCB unit are rectangular or quasi-rectangular;

[0016] The size of the first reference ground plane and the size of the first radiation layer are both smaller than the size of the second radiation layer;

[0017] The thickness of the first antenna unit is greater than the thickness of the second antenna unit.

[0018] Optionally, a side surface of the first antenna unit is provided with a recess toward the center of the first antenna unit, and the recess is used to adjust the frequency of the dual-band antenna.

[0019] Optionally, the dielectric constant of the first antenna unit is in the range of 8-16; the first antenna unit operates in the B3 frequency band of the Beidou satellite navigation system, and the center frequency of the B3 frequency band is 1268.52 MHz;

[0020] The dielectric constant of the second antenna unit is in the range of 6-9; the second antenna unit operates in the B2 frequency band of the Beidou satellite navigation system, and the center frequency of the B2 frequency band is 1207.14 MHz.

[0021] Optionally, the PCB unit, the second antenna unit and the first antenna unit are fixed by screws.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising the dual-frequency antenna of any one of the above embodiments.

[0023] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is to design the structure of the dual-frequency antenna, and the dual-frequency antenna includes a printed circuit board (PCB) unit, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit and two feeding units. Since the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can respectively operate in different frequency bands, compared with the traditional one-piece antenna, there is no need to use a thick dielectric plate, thereby greatly reducing the thickness of the antenna. In addition, the dual-frequency antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of high gain, etc., which makes the dual-frequency antenna have a stronger satellite search capability within the frequency band and has a strong anti-interference ability, which is of great significance to the lightweight and miniaturization development of positioning equipment.

[0024] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present utility model, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Other features of the present utility model will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dual-frequency antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a dual-frequency antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a first antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a second antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a directional diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the B2 frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 It is an axial ratio diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the B2 frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a directional diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the B3 frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 It is an axial ratio diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the B3 frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of S parameters of a dual-frequency antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Fig.10 This is a gain parameter diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the 1.18 GHz-1.28 GHz frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the utility model described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dual-frequency antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a dual-frequency antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the dual-frequency antenna includes a PCB unit 10 , a first antenna unit 20 , a second antenna unit 30 and two feeding units 40 .

[0039] The PCB unit 10 , the second antenna unit 30 and the first antenna unit 20 are stacked in sequence, that is, the second antenna unit 30 is arranged on one side of the PCB unit 10 , and the first antenna unit 20 is arranged on the side of the second antenna unit 30 away from the PCB unit 10 .

[0040] A feeding network (not shown in the figure) is provided on the PCB unit 10. The PCB unit 10 uses a 3dB bridge with a 90° phase to achieve circular polarization of the dual-frequency antenna. Since the existing PCB electroplating process or copper foil processing process is mature, the production cost of the PCB unit 10 can be reduced, which is conducive to the mass production of antennas. The 3dB bridge can also be called a co-frequency combiner. It is a passive four-port device, which is mainly used to divide an input signal into two signals of equal amplitude and a 90° phase difference. The 3dB bridge is widely used in indoor coverage systems to combine base station signals to improve the utilization rate of the output signal. It can realize the synthesis of two signals with low isolation.

[0041] Typically, in order to facilitate assembly and movement of the dual-band antenna, the PCB unit 10, the second antenna unit 30 and the first antenna unit 20 are fixed by fasteners (such as screws 50).

[0042] Optionally, screw holes may be provided at the four corners of the first antenna unit 20, the four corners of the second antenna unit 30 and the PCB unit 10, and then fixed by four screws 50. Optionally, the hole diameter of the screw hole is 1.8 mm-3.6 mm.

[0043] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the utility model, wherein: Figure 3 (a) is a top view of the first antenna unit, Figure 3 (b) is a side view of the first antenna unit, Figure 3 (c) is a bottom view of the first antenna unit. Figure 3 It can be seen that the first antenna unit 20 adopts a dual-feed design, that is, a first feeding point 201 and a second feeding point 202 are provided on the first antenna unit 20 .

[0044] In the direction from the PCB unit 10 to the first antenna unit 20, the first antenna unit 20 sequentially includes a first reference ground plane 203, a first dielectric substrate 204 and a first radiation layer 205. The first feeding point 201 and the second feeding point 202 are both connected to the first radiation layer 205. The first feeding point 201 and the second feeding point 202 simultaneously penetrate the first reference ground plane 203, the first dielectric substrate 204 and the first radiation layer 205, and the first feeding point 201 and the second feeding point 202 are both connected to the first radiation layer 205.

[0045] Figure 4is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the utility model, wherein: Figure 4 (a) is a top view of the second antenna unit. Figure 4 (b) is a side view of the second antenna unit. Figure 4 (c) is a bottom view of the second antenna unit. Figure 4 It can be seen that the second antenna unit 30 also adopts a dual-feed design, that is, the second antenna unit 30 is provided with a first feeding hole 301 and a second feeding hole 302 .

[0046] In the direction from the PCB unit 10 to the first antenna unit 20, the second antenna unit 30 includes a second reference ground plane 303, a second dielectric substrate 304 and a second radiation layer 305 in sequence. Among them, the first feeding hole 301 and the second feeding hole 302 are not connected to the second radiation layer 305. The first feeding hole 301 and the second feeding hole 302 are also not connected to the second reference ground plane 303. The first feeding hole 301 and the second feeding hole 302 simultaneously penetrate the second reference ground plane 303, the second dielectric substrate 304 and the second radiation layer 305, but the first feeding hole 301 and the second feeding hole 302 are not connected to the second radiation layer 305, and are not connected to the second reference ground plane 303.

[0047] Combination Figure 1-Figure 4 It can be seen that the orthographic projection of the first feeding point 201 on the PCB unit 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of the first feeding hole 301 on the PCB unit 10, and the orthographic projection of the second feeding point 202 on the PCB unit 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of the second feeding hole 302 on the PCB unit 10. One feeding unit 40 passes through the first feeding point 201 and the first feeding hole 301 to connect to the feeding network; the other feeding unit 40 passes through the second feeding point 202 and the second feeding hole 302 to connect to the feeding network. In this way, the first radiating layer 205 is connected to the feeding network through two feeding units 40.

[0048] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 , a first short-circuit hole 206 and a short-circuit ring 207 are provided on the first antenna unit 20; the first short-circuit hole 206 is located at the center of the first antenna unit 20, and the center of the first short-circuit hole 206 coincides with the center of the short-circuit ring 207; the first short-circuit hole 206 and the short-circuit ring 207 are both used to connect the first reference ground plane 203 and the first radiation layer 205.

[0049] The second antenna unit 30 is provided with a second shorting hole 306; the second shorting hole 306 is located at the center of the second antenna unit 30, and the orthographic projection of the first shorting hole 206 on the PCB unit 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of the second shorting hole 306 on the PCB unit 10, that is, the first shorting hole 206 and the second shorting hole 306 form a through hole penetrating the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30; the second shorting hole 306 is used to connect the second reference ground plane 303 and the second radiation layer 305.

[0050] Optionally, the shorting ring 207 includes 2N shorting points that are centrally symmetrically distributed, where 2 ≤ N ≤ 16 and N is an integer. For example, the shorting ring 207 includes 4, 8, 12, 16, or 32 shorting points.

[0051] Optionally, solder mask prints are provided around the first feeding point 201 and the second feeding point 202.

[0052] Optionally, the orthographic projections of the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30 on the PCB unit 10 are rectangular or quasi-rectangular; the sizes of the first reference ground plane 203 and the first radiation layer 205 are both smaller than the size of the second radiation layer 305.

[0053] Optionally, the thickness of the first antenna unit 20 is greater than the thickness of the second antenna unit 30.

[0054] Optionally, the side surface of the first antenna unit 20 is provided with a depression facing the center of the first antenna unit 20, and the depression is used to adjust the frequency of the dual-band antenna. For example, referring to Figure 3 the area indicated by the arrow in, each of the four side surfaces of the first antenna unit 20 is provided with a "凵"-shaped depression facing the center of the first antenna unit 20, and the depression is used to adjust the frequency of the dual-band antenna. Of course, it can be understood that the first antenna unit 20 may have only one or more side surfaces provided with depressions facing the center of the first antenna unit 20, and the present invention does not specifically limit the shape and number of depressions provided on one side surface.

[0055] Optionally, the dielectric constant of the first antenna unit 20 is in the range of 8 - 16; the first antenna unit 20 operates in the B3 frequency band of the Beidou satellite navigation system, and the center frequency point of the B3 frequency band is 1268.52 MHz; the dielectric constant of the second antenna unit 30 is in the range of 6 - 9; the second antenna unit 30 operates in the B2 frequency band of the Beidou satellite navigation system, and the center frequency point of the B2 frequency band is 1207.14 MHz.

[0056] Optionally, the feed unit 40 may be a metal feed PIN. The radiation layer and the reference ground plane may be made of metal. The dielectric substrate may be FR4 dielectric material, or other microwave high frequency board materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyphenylene oxide (PPO), etc.

[0057] In order to verify the performance of the dual-frequency antenna provided by the utility model, Figure 5 It is a directional diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the B2 frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 6 This is an axial ratio diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the B2 frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 7 It is a directional diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the B3 frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 8 This is an axial ratio diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the B3 frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of S parameters of a dual-frequency antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model. Fig.10 This is a gain parameter diagram of a dual-frequency antenna in the 1.18 GHz-1.28 GHz frequency band provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 5-Figure 10 It can be seen that the dual-frequency antenna gain provided by the utility model can reach about 4dBi in both B2 and B3 frequency bands, making the dual-frequency antenna more capable of searching satellites within the frequency band and having stronger anti-interference ability. At the same time, the production and assembly process of the dual-frequency antenna is simple, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna and is also of great significance to the lightweight and miniaturization development of positioning equipment.

[0058] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is to design the structure of the dual-frequency antenna, and the dual-frequency antenna includes a PCB unit, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit and two feeding units. Since the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can respectively operate in different frequency bands, compared with the traditional one-piece antenna, there is no need to use a thick dielectric plate, thereby greatly reducing the thickness of the antenna. In addition, the dual-frequency antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of high gain, etc., which makes the dual-frequency antenna have a stronger satellite search capability within the frequency band and has a strong anti-interference ability, which is of great significance to the lightweight and miniaturization development of positioning equipment.

[0059] The embodiment of the utility model further provides an electronic device, which includes a dual-frequency antenna having any feature of the above embodiments.

[0060] Optionally, the electronic device can be a satellite in the Beidou satellite navigation system, or it can be a navigation and positioning device such as car navigation, unmanned automatic driving, and anti-interference array.

[0061] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency antenna, characterized in that: include: A printed circuit board (PCB) unit, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit and two feeding units; wherein, The PCB unit, the second antenna unit and the first antenna unit are stacked in sequence; The first antenna unit is provided with a first feeding point and a second feeding point, and the second antenna unit is provided with a first feeding hole and a second feeding hole; the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the PCB unit coincides with the orthographic projection of the first feeding hole on the PCB unit, and the orthographic projection of the second feeding point on the PCB unit coincides with the orthographic projection of the second feeding hole on the PCB unit; A feeding network is arranged on the PCB unit; one of the feeding units passes through the first feeding point and the first feeding hole to be connected to the feeding network; another of the feeding units passes through the second feeding point and the second feeding hole to be connected to the feeding network.

2. The dual-band antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the direction from the PCB unit to the first antenna unit, the first antenna unit includes a first reference ground plane, a first dielectric substrate and a first radiation layer in sequence, and the second antenna unit includes a second reference ground plane, a second dielectric substrate and a second radiation layer in sequence; wherein, The first feeding point and the second feeding point are both connected to the first radiation layer, and the first feeding hole and the second feeding hole are not connected to the second radiation layer.

3. The dual-band antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first short-circuit hole and a short-circuit ring are provided on the first antenna unit; the first short-circuit hole is located at the center of the first antenna unit, and the center of the first short-circuit hole coincides with the center of the short-circuit ring; the first short-circuit hole and the short-circuit ring are both used to connect the first reference ground plane and the first radiation layer; A second short-circuit hole is provided on the second antenna unit; the second short-circuit hole is located at the center of the second antenna unit, and the orthographic projection of the first short-circuit hole on the PCB unit coincides with the orthographic projection of the second short-circuit hole on the PCB unit; The second short-circuit hole is used to connect the second reference ground plane and the second radiation layer.

4. The dual-band antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The short-circuit ring includes 2N short-circuit points distributed in a centrally symmetrical manner, 2≤N≤16, and N is an integer.

5. The dual-band antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Solder resist silk screens are arranged around the first feeding point and the second feeding point.

6. The dual-band antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The orthographic projections of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit on the PCB unit are rectangular or quasi-rectangular; The size of the first reference ground plane and the size of the first radiation layer are both smaller than the size of the second radiation layer; The thickness of the first antenna unit is greater than the thickness of the second antenna unit.

7. The dual-band antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: A recess is disposed on a side surface of the first antenna unit toward the center of the first antenna unit, and the recess is used to adjust the frequency of the dual-frequency antenna.

8. The dual-band antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric constant of the first antenna unit is in the range of 8-16; the first antenna unit operates in the B3 frequency band of the Beidou satellite navigation system, and the center frequency of the B3 frequency band is 1268.52 MHz; The dielectric constant of the second antenna unit is in the range of 6-9; the second antenna unit operates in the B2 frequency band of the Beidou satellite navigation system, and the center frequency of the B2 frequency band is 1207.14 MHz.

9. The dual-band antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCB unit, the second antenna unit and the first antenna unit are fixed by screws.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising a dual-frequency antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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