EBG structure and array antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to an EBG structure and an array antenna, the EBG structure is arranged on a dielectric substrate, the EBG structure comprises a metal patch and a metal probe, the metal patch comprises a branch, and the branch is bent or bent; and the metal patch is connected with the dielectric substrate by the metal probe. Compared with the linear or blocky arrangement of the metal patches, the antenna array element has the advantages that the size of the antenna array element is reduced, and the coupling isolation degree between the antenna array elements can be improved by forming a surface wave stop band in a specific working frequency band, so that the anti-interference capability of the whole machine is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to an EBG structure and an array antenna. Background Art

[0002] BeiDou-3 satellites involve civil and special applications, among which the antenna, as a key component of the satellite signal receiving and transmitting system, is particularly important, and it directly determines whether the entire system works properly. Among the existing anti-interference antennas, microstrip antennas are set in a conventional array arrangement. When the size is large enough, the array spacing is basically set according to the half-wavelength of air at the corresponding frequency.

[0003] With the development of technology, the requirements for antenna size are getting higher and higher, and the spacing between array elements is difficult to meet the requirements of half the wavelength of the corresponding working frequency, and the mutual coupling between antenna elements will become more serious. As a result, the gain of the array elements is reduced, and the anti-interference pattern formed by the anti-interference algorithm becomes shallower or the null angle deviates from the direction of the interference source, which leads to the reduction of the performance of the anti-interference device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an EBG structure and an array antenna, wherein the EBG structure reduces the size of the EBG structure and can form a surface wave stop band in a specific working frequency band, thereby improving the coupling isolation between antenna array elements, thereby further improving the anti-interference ability of the entire device.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides an EBG structure, which is arranged on a dielectric substrate. The EBG structure includes: a metal patch including branches, and the branches are bent or folded; and a metal probe connecting the metal patch to the dielectric substrate.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the branch is bent, and the branch includes a first bending portion, a second bending portion, a third bending portion, and a fourth bending portion that are connected in sequence, and one end of the first bending portion is connected to the metal probe.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the connection between the first bending portion, the second bending portion, the third bending portion and the fourth bending portion is vertically arranged, and the first bending portion, the second bending portion, the third bending portion and the fourth bending portion are arranged to form an open ring.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the branch is provided in plurality and the plurality of first bending portions are connected to each other, and the plurality of branches are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the metal probe.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an array antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate and the EBG structure described in any one of the above items, wherein the EBG structure is connected to the dielectric substrate via a metal probe.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, a plurality of the EBG structures are provided and arranged in an array on the dielectric substrate, and two adjacent EBG structures are arranged at intervals.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the distance between two adjacent metal probes of the EBG structure is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, it further includes an anti-interference array element, and a plurality of the anti-interference array elements are provided and are respectively located on the peripheral side of the dielectric substrate.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a reflective bottom plate is further included, the dielectric substrate is connected to the reflective bottom plate, and four anti-interference array elements are provided and are respectively located at four circumferential corners of the reflective bottom plate.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the anti-interference array element includes an antenna radiator and a PCBA feeding circuit, and the anti-interference array element is fixed to the reflective bottom plate by screws.

[0015] According to the EBG structure and array antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, the EBG structure is arranged on a dielectric substrate, the EBG structure includes a metal patch and a metal probe, the metal patch includes a branch, and the branch is bent or folded; the metal probe connects the metal patch to the dielectric substrate. The bent or folded branch reduces the size of the present application compared to the straight line or block-shaped arrangement of the metal patch, and can form a surface wave stop band in a specific working frequency band, thereby improving the coupling isolation between the antenna array elements, thereby further improving the anti-interference ability of the whole machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0018] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an EBG structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Metal patch; 11. Branch; 111. First bending portion; 112. Second bending portion; 113. Third bending portion; 114. Fourth bending portion; 2. Metal probe; 3. Dielectric substrate; 4. Anti-interference array element; 5. Reflective bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to implement different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention can repeat reference numbers and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0025] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used herein to describe the relative positional relationship or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure, such as "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "below", "above", "above", "front", "back", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a position flip or a posture change or a motion state change, then these directional indications also change accordingly, for example: an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features". Therefore, the example term "below..." may include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an EBG structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0027] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an EBG (Electromagnetic Band gap) structure, which is arranged on a dielectric substrate 3. The EBG structure includes a metal patch 1 and a metal probe 2. The metal patch 1 includes a branch 11, and the branch 11 is bent or folded; the metal probe 2 connects the metal patch 1 to the dielectric substrate 3.

[0028] It should be understood that the EBG structure is printed on a 1.6 mm thick FR4 dielectric substrate 3. The EBG structure is a special artificial electromagnetic material that is widely used in antenna and microwave fields due to its unique bandgap characteristics. Its surface wave bandgap can be used to reduce antenna mutual coupling and improve antenna performance, while its in-phase reflection phase bandgap can be used to design low-profile antennas and antenna stealth.

[0029] The EBG structure includes a metal patch 1 and a metal probe 2. The material of the metal patch 1 and the metal probe 2 is metal material, such as copper, iron, etc., which is not limited in this application. In an example, the material of the metal patch 1 and the metal probe 2 is copper material, and the metal probe 2 connects the metal patch 1 to the dielectric substrate 3.

[0030] The metal patch 1 includes a branch 11, which is bent or folded. Compared with the metal patch 1 being arranged in a straight line or block shape, the size of the present application is reduced, and a surface wave stop band can be formed in a specific working frequency band, thereby improving the coupling isolation between antenna array elements, thereby further improving the anti-interference ability of the whole machine.

[0031] In one example, branch 11 is bent, and branch 11 has multiple bends, which are connected in sequence, and the angle between two adjacent bends is greater than 0° and less than 180°. The present application does not limit the extension direction of the multiple bends. The metal probe 2 can be set in the middle, end, etc. of branch 11, and the present application does not limit it. However, when the metal probe 2 is set in the middle of branch 11, compared with other positions, the size of the present application is further reduced, the coupling isolation between antenna elements is improved, and the anti-interference ability of the whole machine is improved.

[0032] In one example, the branch 11 is bent, and the present application does not limit the bending direction of the branch 11. The metal probe 2 can be set in the middle, end, etc. of the branch 11, and the present application does not limit it.

[0033] The branch 11 may be curved in a wavy or spiral shape. When the branch 11 is in a spiral shape, the size of the present application is further reduced compared to the branch 11 in a wavy shape, the coupling isolation between antenna elements is improved, and the anti-interference ability of the whole device is improved. The metal probe 2 may be located in the middle of the spiral branch 11.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the branch 11 is bent, and the branch 11 includes a first bending portion 111, a second bending portion 112, a third bending portion 113, and a fourth bending portion 114 connected in sequence, and one end of the first bending portion 111 is connected to the metal probe 2. The first bending portion 111, the second bending portion 112, the third bending portion 113, and the fourth bending portion 114 are made of the same material, that is, the first bending portion 111, the second bending portion 112, the third bending portion 113, and the fourth bending portion 114 are integrally formed. One end of the first bending portion 111 away from the second bending portion 112 is connected to the metal probe 2.

[0035] With respect to the spiral or wavy bending arrangement of the first bending portion 111, the second bending portion 112, the third bending portion 113 and the fourth bending portion 114 relative to the branch 11, the effective length between two adjacent metal patches 1 is the highest, which further improves the coupling isolation between the antenna array elements and improves the anti-interference capability of the entire device.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, the connection between the first bending portion 111, the second bending portion 112, the third bending portion 113 and the fourth bending portion 114 is vertically arranged, and the first bending portion 111, the second bending portion 112, the third bending portion 113 and the fourth bending portion 114 are surrounded to form an open ring.

[0037] Among them, the length of the first bending portion 111 is the same as that of the second bending portion 112, the length of the second bending portion 112 is greater than that of the third bending portion 113, and the length of the third bending portion 113 is equal to that of the fourth bending portion 114, that is, the length of the third bending portion 113 is smaller than that of the first bending portion 111, and the length of the fourth bending portion 114 is smaller than that of the first bending portion 111, so that the first bending portion 111, the second bending portion 112, the third bending portion 113 and the fourth bending portion 114 are arranged to form an open ring, and the first bending portion 111, the second bending portion 112, the third bending portion 113 and the fourth bending portion 114 do not cross or touch each other, which not only reduces the area of ​​the dielectric substrate 3 occupied by the metal patch 1, but also improves the coupling isolation between the antenna array elements and the anti-interference ability of the whole machine.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, the branch 11 is provided with a plurality of first bending portions 111 which are interconnected, and the plurality of branches 11 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the metal probe 2. The plurality of first bending portions 111 are made of the same material, that is, the plurality of first bending portions 111 are integrally formed, and the plurality of first bending portions 111 are connected to the dielectric substrate 3 through a metal probe 2. The arrangement of the plurality of branches 11 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the metal probe 2 not only reduces the area of ​​the dielectric substrate 3 occupied by the metal patch 1, but also improves the coupling isolation between the antenna array elements and improves the anti-interference capability of the whole device.

[0039] The present application does not limit the number of branches 11 , and there may be two, three, or more branches 11 . In one example, there are four branches 11 , which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the metal probe 2 .

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present application also includes an array antenna, which includes a dielectric substrate 3 and any of the above-mentioned EBG structures, and the EBG structure is connected to the dielectric substrate 3 through a metal probe 2. Array antenna. The EBG structure improves the coupling isolation between antenna elements and improves the anti-interference ability of the whole device.

[0041] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of EBG structures are provided and arranged in an array at the dielectric substrate 3, and two adjacent EBG structures are arranged at intervals. The provision of multiple EBG structures can further improve the coupling isolation between antenna array elements and improve the anti-interference capability of the whole device. Two adjacent EBG structures are arranged at intervals, thereby avoiding mutual influence between adjacent EBG structures.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the distance between the metal probes 2 of two adjacent EBG structures is 0.5mm-1.5mm. The size of the metal patch 1 is 20*20mm, and the center distance between two adjacent metal patches 1 is 21mm, that is, the distance between the metal probes 2 of two adjacent EBG structures is 1mm. The EBG structure can be made to work at the working frequency of the anti-interference array antenna by adjusting the size of the metal patch 1 and the diameter of the metal probe 2. By utilizing the high impedance surface characteristics of the resonant frequency of the EBG periodic structure, the surface waves between antenna elements can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the isolation between antenna elements.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, an anti-interference array element 4 is further included, and a plurality of anti-interference array elements 4 are provided and are respectively located on the peripheral side of the dielectric substrate 3. The anti-interference array element 4 mainly realizes the working frequency of the Beidou B3 frequency band.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, a reflective bottom plate 5 is further included, the dielectric substrate 3 is connected to the reflective bottom plate 5, and four anti-interference array elements 4 are provided and are respectively located at four circumference corners of the reflective bottom plate 5. The reflective bottom plate 5 is rectangular, the dielectric substrate 3 is in a "cross" shape, and the dielectric substrate 3 is arranged on the reflective bottom plate 5, leaving four installation positions for the anti-interference array elements. The four anti-interference array elements 4 are respectively installed at the four circumference corners of the reflective bottom plate 5, thereby enclosing multiple EBG structures.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, the anti-interference array element 4 includes an antenna radiator and a PCBA feeding circuit, and the anti-interference array element 4 is fixed to the reflective bottom plate 5 by screws. The size of the anti-interference array element 4 is 35*35*6mm, printed on a low-loss high-frequency composite material with a dielectric constant of 16, the center spacing between adjacent anti-interference array elements 4 is 98mm, and the size of the reflective bottom plate 5 is 130*130mm.

[0046] It should be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "include", "comprise", "contain", and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the existence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0047] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0048] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. An EBG structure, arranged on a dielectric substrate, characterized in that: The EBG structure includes: A metal patch, comprising a branch, wherein the branch is bent or folded; and A metal probe connects the metal patch to the dielectric substrate.

2. The EBG structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch is bent, and the branch includes a first bending portion, a second bending portion, a third bending portion and a fourth bending portion connected in sequence, and one end of the first bending portion is connected to the metal probe.

3. The EBG structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection between the first bending portion, the second bending portion, the third bending portion and the fourth bending portion is vertically arranged, and the first bending portion, the second bending portion, the third bending portion and the fourth bending portion are surrounded to form an open ring.

4. The EBG structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The branches are provided with a plurality of first bending portions which are connected to each other, and the plurality of branches are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the metal probe.

5. An array antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a dielectric substrate and the EBG structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the EBG structure is connected to the dielectric substrate via a metal probe.

6. The array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The EBG structures are provided in plurality and arranged in an array on the dielectric substrate, and two adjacent EBG structures are arranged at intervals.

7. The array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent metal probes of the EBG structure is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm.

8. The array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-interference array element, and a plurality of the anti-interference array elements are provided and are respectively located on the peripheral side of the dielectric substrate.

9. The array antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a reflective bottom plate, the dielectric substrate is connected to the reflective bottom plate, and four anti-interference array elements are provided and respectively located at four circumferential corners of the reflective bottom plate.

10. The array antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The anti-interference array element comprises an antenna radiator and a PCBA feeding circuit, and the anti-interference array element is fixed to the reflective bottom plate by screws.

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