Electric vehicle thermal management system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric vehicle thermal management system and a vehicle. The system comprises a battery cooling unit, a motor cooling unit, a heating unit, a loop switching unit and a control unit, the battery cooling unit comprises a battery cooling loop, and the battery cooling loop comprises a first interface end and a second interface end; the motor cooling unit comprises a motor cooling loop, and the motor cooling loop comprises a third interface end and a fourth interface end; the heating unit comprises a heating loop, and the heating loop comprises a fifth interface end and a sixth interface end; the first interface end, the second interface end, the third interface end, the fourth interface end, the fifth interface end and the sixth interface end are respectively connected with the loop switching unit; the control unit is connected with the loop switching unit, and the control unit is configured to control to be independently communicated with the battery cooling loop or the motor cooling loop; a battery cooling loop and a motor cooling loop are controlled to be communicated; and controlling to communicate the battery cooling loop with the heating loop and controlling to communicate the motor cooling loop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the utility model relate to vehicle engineering technology, and in particular to a thermal management system and a vehicle of an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The thermal management system of pure electric vehicles is more complex than that of ordinary fuel vehicles. This is because pure electric vehicles have more components that require thermal control, such as batteries, controllers, and motors. The functions of the thermal management system of pure electric vehicles include cooling and heating control of devices and components such as batteries, motors, and DCDC. At present, due to the increasing complexity of the functions of the thermal management system of electric vehicles, more and more accessories such as water valves are used (the water circuits of motors, batteries, heaters, etc. use up to 5 to 6 valves), which not only leads to a decrease in the reliability of accessory control, but also increases the difficulty of control logic, and ultimately increases the cost of component procurement and maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides an electric vehicle thermal management system and a vehicle, so as to achieve the purpose of simplifying the thermal management system and improving the control efficiency of the thermal management system.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides an electric vehicle thermal management system, including: a battery cooling unit, a motor cooling unit, a heating unit, a circuit switching unit and a control unit;

[0005] The battery cooling unit comprises a battery cooling circuit, and the battery cooling circuit comprises a first interface end and a second interface end;

[0006] The motor cooling unit comprises a motor cooling circuit, and the motor cooling circuit comprises a third interface end and a fourth interface end;

[0007] The heating unit comprises a heating circuit, and the heating circuit comprises a fifth interface end and a sixth interface end;

[0008] The first interface end, the second interface end, the third interface end, the fourth interface end, the fifth interface end and the sixth interface end are respectively connected to the loop switching unit;

[0009] The control unit is connected to the circuit switching unit, and the control unit is configured as follows:

[0010] Controlling the battery cooling circuit or the motor cooling circuit to be connected separately;

[0011] Controlling the battery cooling circuit to be connected with the motor cooling circuit;

[0012] The battery cooling circuit and the heating circuit are controlled to be connected, and the motor cooling circuit is controlled to be connected.

[0013] Optionally, the battery cooling unit comprises: a battery water pump, a battery and a battery cooler;

[0014] The battery water pump, the battery, and the battery cooler are arranged in series in the battery cooling circuit.

[0015] Optionally, the motor cooling unit includes: a motor, a DC power supply module, a motor water pump, a three-way valve and a radiator;

[0016] The motor, the DC power supply module, the motor water pump and the three-way valve are arranged in series in the motor cooling circuit;

[0017] The radiator is connected in parallel to the motor cooling circuit.

[0018] Optionally, the heating unit includes: a heat exchanger, a heating module and a warm air water pump;

[0019] The heat exchanger, the heating module and the warm air water pump are arranged in series in the heating circuit.

[0020] Optionally, the circuit switching unit includes: a six-way valve.

[0021] Optionally, the radiator includes a cooling fan.

[0022] Optionally, the heat exchanger comprises a water-to-water heat exchanger.

[0023] Optionally, the control unit is also connected to the three-way valve;

[0024] The control unit is further configured to control the radiator to be removed from the motor cooling circuit by controlling the three-way valve when the battery cooling circuit and the motor cooling circuit are connected.

[0025] Optionally, the heating module includes a PTC heating device.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model further provides a vehicle, comprising any one of the electric vehicle thermal management systems described in the embodiments of the utility model.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model proposes a thermal management system for electric vehicles, in which a circuit switching unit is used to connect a motor cooling circuit, a battery cooling circuit and a heating circuit. Based on the circuit switching unit, it is possible to control the battery cooling circuit or the motor cooling circuit to be connected separately; control the battery cooling circuit and the motor cooling circuit to be connected; control the battery cooling circuit and the heating circuit to be connected, and control the motor cooling circuit to be connected, thereby meeting different cooling and / or heating requirements. Through the use of the circuit switching unit, the number of valves used in the thermal management system is reduced, and the layout of the pipelines in the thermal management system is simplified, which not only improves the reliability of the thermal management accessory control but also reduces the use cost, and at the same time, the thermal management function control strategy is also optimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a thermal management system for an electric vehicle in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of another electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] Figure 1 is a block diagram of the electric vehicle thermal management system in the embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , the electric vehicle thermal management system includes: a battery cooling unit 100, a motor cooling unit 200, a heating unit 300, a circuit switching unit 400 and a control unit 500;

[0033] The battery cooling unit 100 includes a battery cooling circuit, and the battery cooling circuit includes a first interface end and a second interface end;

[0034] The motor cooling unit 200 includes a motor cooling circuit, and the motor cooling circuit includes a third interface end and a fourth interface end;

[0035] The heating unit 300 includes a heating circuit, and the heating circuit includes a fifth interface end and a sixth interface end;

[0036] The first interface end, the second interface end, the third interface end, the fourth interface end, the fifth interface end and the sixth interface end are respectively connected to the loop switching unit;

[0037] The control unit is connected to the circuit switching unit 400, and the control unit 500 is configured as follows:

[0038] Control to connect the battery cooling circuit or the motor cooling circuit separately;

[0039] Controlling the connection between the battery cooling circuit and the motor cooling circuit;

[0040] Control the connection between the battery cooling circuit and the heating circuit, and control the connection between the motor cooling circuit.

[0041] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the control unit 500 may be configured in the following manner:

[0042] When the motor has a cooling demand (for example, the motor IGBT temperature is greater than or equal to 90° C. or the motor body temperature is greater than or equal to 55° C., etc.), and the battery has no cooling / heating demand, the control unit 500 controls the circuit switching unit 400 to be placed in the first state position;

[0043] When the circuit switching unit 400 is placed in the first state position, the motor cooling circuit is connected separately. At this time, the temperature of the motor can be controlled to be within a specified temperature range according to the temperature control requirements;

[0044] When the battery has a first-level cooling request (for example, the maximum temperature of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 35°C), and the temperature of the motor water temperature sensor is lower than the maximum temperature of the battery cell by an offset value (for example, 2°C), regardless of whether the motor has a cooling demand, the control unit 500 controls the circuit switching unit 400 to be placed in the second state position;

[0045] When the circuit switching unit 400 is placed in the second state position, the battery cooling circuit is connected in series with the motor cooling circuit, and the motor and the battery are cooled in series. At this time, the motor and the battery can be cooled simultaneously according to the control parameter of the battery or the motor which has a greater cooling demand.

[0046] When the battery has a secondary cooling request (for example, the maximum temperature of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 39°C), the battery enters forced cooling, and the battery and motor cooling requirements are independent. The control unit 500 controls the circuit switching unit 400 to be placed in the third state position;

[0047] When the circuit switching unit 400 is placed in the third state position, the battery cooling circuit is connected alone, and the motor cooling circuit is connected alone;

[0048] At this time, the temperature of the battery can be controlled within a specified temperature range according to the battery temperature control requirements, and the temperature of the motor can be controlled within a specified temperature range according to the motor temperature control requirements;

[0049] When the maximum temperature of the battery cell is less than or equal to 20°C and [the maximum temperature of the battery cell + the offset value (for example, 3°C)] ≤ the temperature of the motor water temperature sensor ≤ 35°C, the motor and battery are in series heating mode, and the control unit 500 controls the circuit switching unit 400 to be in the fourth state position;

[0050] When the circuit switching unit 400 is placed in the fourth state position, the battery cooling circuit is connected in series with the motor cooling circuit;

[0051] At this time, the heating control of the motor and the battery can be controlled simultaneously according to the heating requirements of the battery and the motor;

[0052] When the motor-battery series heating condition is not met (for example, the maximum temperature of the battery cell ≥ the temperature of the motor water temperature sensor) and the maximum temperature of the battery ≤ 20°C, the battery warm air heat exchange is entered, and the control unit 500 controls the circuit switching unit 400 to be placed in the fifth state position;

[0053] When the circuit switching unit 400 is placed in the fifth state position, the battery cooling circuit and the heating circuit are connected in series, and the motor cooling circuit is connected separately;

[0054] At this time, the motor can be heated according to the motor's heating requirements;

[0055] When there is no demand for cockpit heating, heating control and battery heating control can be performed according to the heating demand and battery heating demand;

[0056] When there is a warm air request, warm air heating is performed according to the warm air demand control first. On the basis of ensuring the warm air heating demand, the battery is heated according to the battery heating demand control.

[0057] This embodiment proposes a thermal management system for an electric vehicle, in which a circuit switching unit is used to connect a motor cooling circuit, a battery cooling circuit and a heating circuit. Based on the circuit switching unit, it is possible to control the battery cooling circuit or the motor cooling circuit to be connected separately; control the battery cooling circuit and the motor cooling circuit to be connected; control the battery cooling circuit and the heating circuit to be connected, and control the motor cooling circuit to be connected, thereby meeting different cooling and / or heating requirements. Through the use of the circuit switching unit, the number of valves used in the thermal management system is reduced, the layout of the pipelines in the thermal management system is simplified, which not only improves the reliability of the thermal management accessory control but also reduces the cost of use, and the thermal management function control strategy is also optimized.

[0058] Figure 2 is another electric vehicle thermal management system structural block diagram in the embodiment, refer to Figure 2 ,exist Figure 1Based on the scheme shown, in one possible implementation, the battery cooling unit includes: a battery water pump 101, a battery 102 and a battery cooler 103;

[0059] The battery water pump 101 , the battery 102 , and the battery cooler 103 are arranged in series in a battery cooling circuit.

[0060] In this solution, the battery 102 is used as a power source for the electric vehicle, and the battery water pump 101 is used to realize the circulation of the coolant in the liquid cooling system of the battery 102;

[0061] The battery cooler (Chiller) 103 is used to absorb the heat in the battery cooling circuit by evaporating the refrigerant in the vehicle air-conditioning system, thereby cooling the battery.

[0062] refer to Figure 2 ,exist Figure 1 On the basis of the scheme shown, in one possible implementation scheme, the motor cooling unit includes: a motor 201, a DC power module 202, a motor water pump 203, a three-way valve 204 and a radiator 205;

[0063] The motor 201, the DC power supply module 202, the motor water pump 203 and the three-way valve 204 are arranged in series in the motor cooling circuit, and the radiator 205 is connected in parallel to the motor cooling circuit.

[0064] Exemplarily, in this solution, the DC power supply module 202 adopts DCDC, which can be used to convert the DC power output by the motor 201 into DC power of a specified voltage level for use by a specified load.

[0065] Exemplarily, in this solution, the three-way valve 204 is a controllable valve, and by controlling the three-way valve, the motor 201, the DC power module 202, the motor water pump 203, the three-way valve 204 and the radiator 205 can be placed in the motor cooling circuit at the same time;

[0066] Alternatively, the motor 201, the DC power supply module 202, the motor water pump 203 and the three-way valve 204 may be placed in the motor cooling circuit at the same time.

[0067] Exemplarily, in this solution, the radiator 205 is used to achieve heat dissipation for the motor 201 and the DC power supply module 202 , and the motor water pump 203 is used to achieve coolant circulation in the liquid cooling system of the motor 201 .

[0068] refer to Figure 2 ,exist Figure 1 Based on the scheme shown, in one possible implementation, the heating unit includes: a heat exchanger 301, a heating module 302 and a warm air water pump 303;

[0069] The heat exchanger 301 , the heating module 302 and the warm air water pump 303 are arranged in series in a heating circuit.

[0070] Exemplarily, in this solution, the heat exchanger 301 is used to achieve heat transfer between heat carriers, the heating module 302 is used to achieve heating of the heat carrier in the heating circuit, and the warm air water pump 303 is used to achieve circulation of the heat carrier in the heating circuit.

[0071] Based on any of the foregoing solutions, in one possible implementation, the circuit switching unit includes: a six-way valve.

[0072] Based on any of the foregoing solutions, in one possible implementation, the heat sink includes a heat dissipation fan.

[0073] Based on any of the above solutions, in one possible implementation manner, the heat exchanger includes a water-to-water heat exchanger.

[0074] On the basis that the motor cooling unit includes a three-way valve, in one possible implementation scheme, the control unit is further connected to the three-way valve;

[0075] The control unit is further configured to control the radiator to be removed from the motor cooling circuit by controlling the three-way valve when the battery cooling circuit and the motor cooling circuit are connected.

[0076] Based on the solution that the heating unit includes a heating module, in one possible implementation, the heating module includes a PTC heating device.

[0077] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on the above solution, in one possible implementation scheme, the electric vehicle thermal management system includes:

[0078] A battery cooling unit 100, a motor cooling unit 200, a heating unit 300, a circuit switching unit 400 and a control unit 500;

[0079] The battery cooling unit 100 includes a battery cooling circuit, and the battery cooling circuit includes a first interface end and a second interface end;

[0080] The motor cooling unit 200 includes a motor cooling circuit, and the motor cooling circuit includes a third interface end and a fourth interface end;

[0081] The heating unit 300 includes a heating circuit, and the heating circuit includes a fifth interface end and a sixth interface end;

[0082] The first interface terminal, the second interface terminal, the third interface terminal, the fourth interface terminal, the fifth interface terminal and the sixth interface terminal are respectively connected to the circuit switching unit 400;

[0083] The battery cooling unit 100 includes: a battery water pump 101, a battery 102 and a battery cooler 103, wherein the battery water pump 101, the battery 102 and the battery cooler 103 are arranged in series in a battery cooling circuit;

[0084] The motor cooling unit 200 includes: a motor 201, a DC power supply module 202, a motor water pump 203, a three-way valve 204 and a radiator 205;

[0085] The motor 201, the DC power module 202, the motor water pump 203 and the three-way valve 204 are arranged in series in the motor cooling circuit, and the radiator 205 is connected in parallel to the motor cooling circuit;

[0086] The heating unit 300 includes: a heat exchanger 301, a heating module 302 and a warm air water pump 303, and the heat exchanger 301, the heating module 302 and the warm air water pump 303 are arranged in series in a heating circuit.

[0087] In this solution, the circuit switching unit 400 adopts a six-way valve, the radiator 205 includes a cooling fan, the heat exchanger 301 includes a water-to-water heat exchanger, the heating module 302 includes a PTC heating device, and the DC power supply module 202 adopts DCDC.

[0088] In this solution, the functions of the electric vehicle thermal management system include: independent motor cooling, battery forced chiller cooling, motor battery series cooling, motor battery series heating, battery warm air heat exchange, and warm air PTC heating.

[0089] In this solution, the control unit 500 is connected to the three-way valve 204 and the circuit switching unit (six-way valve), and the control unit 500 can be configured as follows:

[0090] When the motor has a cooling requirement (for example, the motor IGBT temperature is greater than or equal to 90° C. or the motor body temperature is greater than or equal to 55° C. or the DCDC temperature is greater than or equal to 50° C.), and the battery has no cooling / heating requirement, the control unit 500 is used to:

[0091] The six-way valve is controlled to be adjusted to the first position state and the three-way valve is controlled to be adjusted to the position 1 state. At this time, the motor 201, the DC power supply module 202, the motor water pump 203, the three-way valve 204, and the radiator 205 are placed in series in the motor cooling circuit;

[0092] The control unit 500 determines the motor water pump operation duty cycle and the radiator fan operation duty cycle according to the motor temperature (body and inverter) and the DCDC temperature;

[0093] When the battery has a first-level cooling request (for example, the maximum temperature of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 35°C and the forced chiller cooling temperature has not been reached), and the temperature of the motor water temperature sensor is lower than the maximum temperature of the battery cell by an offset value (for example, 2°C), regardless of whether the motor / DCDC has a cooling requirement, the motor-battery series cooling is entered, and the control unit 500 is used to:

[0094] The six-way valve is controlled to be adjusted to the state of position 2 and the three-way valve is adjusted to the state of position 1. At this time, the motor 201, the DC power module 202, the motor water pump 203, the three-way valve 204, the radiator 205, the battery cooler 103, the battery 102, and the battery water pump 101 are arranged in series in a cooling circuit;

[0095] The control unit 500 controls the motor water pump and the battery water pump to maintain the same duty cycle operation, and the total duty cycle depends on the larger value of the flow request of the motor cooling circuit and the battery cooling circuit;

[0096] When the battery has a secondary cooling request (for example, the maximum cell temperature is greater than or equal to 39°C, reaching the forced chiller cooling temperature), the battery enters forced chiller cooling, which is independent of the motor / DCDC cooling requirement. The control unit 500 is used to:

[0097] The six-way valve is controlled to be adjusted to the state of position 1 and the three-way valve is adjusted to the state of position 1. At this time, the motor 201, the DC power supply module 202, the motor water pump 203, the three-way valve 204, and the radiator 205 are separately arranged in series in the motor cooling circuit, and the battery cooler 103, the battery 102, and the battery water pump 101 are separately arranged in series in a cooling circuit;

[0098] The control unit 500 determines the motor water pump operation duty cycle and the radiator fan operation duty cycle according to the motor temperature (body and inverter) and the DCDC temperature;

[0099] The battery water pump operates at the maximum duty cycle, and the Chiller cooling power is adjusted according to the maximum temperature of the battery. When the maximum temperature of the battery cell is ≥45°C, the Chiller cooling power operates at full load;

[0100] When the maximum temperature of the battery cell is less than or equal to 20°C and [maximum temperature of the battery cell + offset value (for example, 3°C)] ≤ temperature of the motor water temperature sensor ≤ 35°C, the motor and battery series heating is started, and the control unit 500 is used to:

[0101] Control, the six-way valve is adjusted to the state of position 2 and the three-way valve is adjusted to the state of position 2. At this time, the motor 201, the DC power supply module 202, the motor water pump 203, the three-way valve 204, the battery cooler 103, the battery 102, and the battery water pump 101 are arranged in series in a cooling circuit;

[0102] The control unit 500 controls the motor water pump and the battery water pump to operate at a maximum duty cycle;

[0103] When the motor-battery series heating conditions are not met (for example, the maximum temperature of the battery cell ≥ the temperature of the motor water temperature sensor) and the maximum temperature of the battery ≤ 20°C, the battery heating heat exchange is started. During this period, there may be a demand for cockpit heating. The control unit 500 is used to:

[0104] The six-way valve is controlled to be adjusted to the state of position 3 and the three-way valve is adjusted to the state of position 1. At this time, the motor 201, the DC power supply module 202, the motor water pump 203, the three-way valve 204, and the radiator 205 are separately arranged in series in the motor cooling circuit, and the battery cooler 103, the battery 102, the battery water pump 101, the heat exchanger 301, the heating module 302, and the heater water pump 303 are arranged in series in one circuit;

[0105] The control unit 500 determines the motor water pump operation duty cycle and the radiator fan operation duty cycle according to the motor temperature (body and inverter) and the DCDC temperature;

[0106] When there is no demand for cockpit heating, the heater water pump and battery water pump operate at maximum duty cycle, and the heating PTC operates at maximum power; when there is a request for heating, the heater water pump operates at maximum duty cycle, and the heating PTC adjusts the power operation according to the heating target water temperature, and adjusts the battery water pump operation duty cycle on the basis of giving priority to the cockpit heating request.

[0107] Embodiment 2

[0108] This embodiment provides a vehicle, which includes any one of the electric vehicle thermal management systems described in Embodiment 1. The implementation methods and beneficial effects of the electric vehicle thermal management system are the same as the corresponding contents described in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0109] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that: include: Battery cooling unit, motor cooling unit, heating unit, circuit switching unit and control unit; The battery cooling unit comprises a battery cooling circuit, and the battery cooling circuit comprises a first interface end and a second interface end; The motor cooling unit comprises a motor cooling circuit, and the motor cooling circuit comprises a third interface end and a fourth interface end; The heating unit comprises a heating circuit, and the heating circuit comprises a fifth interface end and a sixth interface end; The first interface end, the second interface end, the third interface end, the fourth interface end, the fifth interface end and the sixth interface end are respectively connected to the loop switching unit; The control unit is connected to the circuit switching unit, and the control unit is configured as follows: Controlling the battery cooling circuit or the motor cooling circuit to be connected separately; Controlling the battery cooling circuit to be connected with the motor cooling circuit; The battery cooling circuit and the heating circuit are controlled to be connected, and the motor cooling circuit is controlled to be connected.

2. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cooling unit comprises: a battery water pump, a battery and a battery cooler; The battery water pump, the battery, and the battery cooler are arranged in series in the battery cooling circuit.

3. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor cooling unit comprises: a motor, a DC power supply module, a motor water pump, a three-way valve and a radiator; The motor, the DC power supply module, the motor water pump and the three-way valve are arranged in series in the motor cooling circuit; The radiator is connected in parallel to the motor cooling circuit.

4. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating unit comprises: a heat exchanger, a heating module and a warm air water pump; The heat exchanger, the heating module and the warm air water pump are arranged in series in the heating circuit.

5. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit switching unit includes: a six-way valve.

6. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat sink includes a heat dissipation fan.

7. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger comprises a water-to-water heat exchanger.

8. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control unit is also connected to the three-way valve; The control unit is further configured to control the radiator to be removed from the motor cooling circuit by controlling the three-way valve when the battery cooling circuit and the motor cooling circuit are connected.

9. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating module includes a PTC heating device.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle thermal management system comprises any one of claims 1 to 9.

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