Novel agricultural greenhouse with thermoelectric coordination and storage functions

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel thermoelectricity coordination storage greenhouse applied to cold regions. The novel thermoelectricity coordination storage greenhouse comprises a thermoelectricity coordination collection unit, a phase change energy storage unit, a power supply unit, a heat supply unit and a control unit. The development of agriculture and photovoltaic technologies drives the progress of the whole industry, the solar air heat collector is also widely applied to building auxiliary heating, and the novel agricultural greenhouse is constructed by combining the technical advantages of the solar photovoltaic panel, the solar air heat collector, the phase change material and the like. The thermoelectric coordination collection unit collects electric energy and heat energy generated by the solar photovoltaic panel, and the electric energy and the heat energy are stored and utilized through the phase change energy storage unit, the power supply unit and the heat supply unit. Compared with a common greenhouse, the novel heat-electricity coordinated storage greenhouse has a better heat preservation effect, active regulation and control can be conducted according to the indoor temperature condition without consuming external input energy, and generated surplus electric quantity can be stored and used for maintaining operation of the greenhouse or uploaded to a power grid to obtain economic benefits. And a good energy-saving effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of greenhouses, in particular to a new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of agricultural science and technology, the use of agricultural greenhouses has become more and more common, and the application of photovoltaic technology in agricultural greenhouses has become a trend in recent years. At present, the existing agricultural greenhouses are combined with photovoltaic modules to form photovoltaic greenhouses. The main method is to directly lay photovoltaic modules on the roof of the greenhouse, but this method has a low utilization rate of light energy, a large amount of solar radiation heat cannot be collected and utilized, and the heating of the greenhouse at night still consumes a lot of energy. At present, the existing agricultural greenhouse heating methods mainly use water heating or electric heating, which has defects such as air pollution and high carbon emissions.

[0003] A large number of studies have shown that solar air collectors have broad application prospects in areas with long sunshine hours and high radiation intensity. Phase change energy storage materials can store heat and release the stored heat as needed, and heating can be achieved using phase change energy storage. However, the existing agricultural greenhouses only combine photovoltaic modules, solar air collectors or phase change materials with agricultural greenhouses to achieve agricultural greenhouse power generation or solve the winter heating needs of agricultural greenhouses. When the greenhouses are in operation, a large amount of external input energy is still consumed, making it difficult to achieve the zero-carbon goal. In addition, the existing phase change energy storage heating is combined with solar energy and water circulation systems, which has the problems of low heat utilization and high maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model proposes a novel agricultural greenhouse with coordinated thermal and electrical storage, and adopts the following technical scheme to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage, comprising:

[0006] A heat-electricity coordinated collection unit, the heat-electricity coordinated collection unit comprising a solar photovoltaic panel, a polycarbonate panel, a solar air collector and a heat transfer pipe sleeved on the end side of the solar air collector;

[0007] A phase-change energy storage unit, the phase-change energy storage unit comprising a concrete wall and a composite phase-change material covering the inner side of the concrete wall, the concrete wall, the composite phase-change material on the inner side of the concrete wall, and the thermal insulation material on the outer side of the concrete wall forming a composite wall of the greenhouse;

[0008] A power supply unit, the power supply unit comprising a photovoltaic power generation unit composed of a solar photovoltaic panel and a solar power controller and a grid power supply unit, for providing electrical energy for the operation of the greenhouse;

[0009] A heating unit, the heating unit comprising a fan, a main air duct, a heat exchange pipe, a tail air outlet, a heating resistor and an air valve, a heat transfer pipe sleeved with the solar air collector is connected to the main air duct, the main air duct is connected to a plurality of the heat exchange pipes, the heat exchange pipes are arranged inside the composite phase change material and in contact with the composite phase change material, the air inlet of the heat exchange pipe passes through the pipe wall of the main air duct and is connected to the main air duct, the tail air outlet is connected to the heat exchange pipe and passes through the composite wall to be exposed to the air in the shed, and the heating resistor and the air valve are arranged inside the tail air outlet;

[0010] A control unit, the control unit includes an intelligent information system platform, a photo sensor, and a temperature sensor. The control unit is electrically connected to the thermal-electric coordination collection unit, the power supply unit, and the heating unit, respectively, and is used to control the operation of the heating unit and the power supply unit.

[0011] A supporting frame is used to fix the solar photovoltaic panel, the polycarbonate panel, the solar collector header, and the heat transfer pipe.

[0012] A solar photovoltaic panel is arranged on the upper part of the polycarbonate plate.

[0013] A solar air collector, wherein the solar air collector is arranged at the lower part of the polycarbonate plate, the solar photovoltaic panel and the solar air collector are tightly connected through a connector, a heat conductive material is filled between the solar photovoltaic panel and the solar air collector, holes are arranged on the lower side of the solar air collector, one end of the solar air collector is closed, and the other end is connected to the heat transfer pipe.

[0014] A fan is arranged at a connection node between the solar air collector and the heat transfer pipeline.

[0015] There are a plurality of solar photovoltaic panels and solar air collectors, which are sequentially arranged on the support frame along a direction parallel to the composite wall.

[0016] The heat transfer pipe is arranged at the edge of the support frame along a direction perpendicular to the composite wall.

[0017] A main air duct is buried in the top of the composite wall, a port on one side of the main air duct is connected to the heat transfer pipe, and the main air duct is connected to a plurality of the heat exchange pipes.

[0018] A heat exchange pipe, wherein the heat exchange pipe matrix is ​​arranged inside the composite phase change material, the fins are installed around the heat exchange pipe, the heat exchange pipe is connected to the tail air outlet, and there are multiple heat exchange pipes, which are evenly distributed inside the composite phase change material.

[0019] A composite wall, comprising the heat exchange matrix, the composite phase change material, the concrete wall, and the thermal insulation material.

[0020] The composite phase change material comprises a phase change material and a thermal conductivity enhancing material, and the phase change temperature of the composite phase change material is between 5 and 35°C.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0022] First, the heat and electricity coordinated collection units are installed at intervals on the inclined plane of the support frame. The coverage rate of the heat and electricity coordinated collection units on the roof is relatively appropriate, ensuring the incidence of light and making the ventilation inside the greenhouse smooth, which is conducive to the growth of crops;

[0023] Second, when there is sunlight, the heat-electric coordinated collection unit can collect and store solar energy in the form of electrical energy and thermal energy at the same time, and supply the collected electrical energy and thermal energy to the greenhouse, reducing external energy input and improving the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy;

[0024] Third, when the heating unit is providing heat, it can force the air in the greenhouse to circulate, so that the air that has undergone sufficient heat exchange in the heat exchange pipe is evenly mixed with the air in the greenhouse, thereby improving the heating efficiency and avoiding the occurrence of local high temperatures and uneven overall distribution of the temperature field.

[0025] Fourth, through the control of the control unit, the energy storage and heat release of the composite phase change material and the circulation of the air in the greenhouse can be controlled, thereby adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse to provide a good growth environment for the plants, further shortening the output cycle and increasing production. Moreover, since the device itself has low installation and maintenance costs and a long service life, it is conducive to large-scale promotion and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a new agricultural greenhouse with coordinated thermal and electrical storage described in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a new type of thermoelectric coordinated collection device for agricultural greenhouses with thermoelectric coordinated storage described in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange matrix device for a new agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage as described in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of controlling a novel agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage based on an intelligent information system platform as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall outline of a new agricultural greenhouse with coordinated thermal and electrical storage as described in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the utility model. Instead, they are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the utility model as detailed in the attached claims.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "includes..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0033] The utility model embodiment of the invention is a novel agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a supporting frame 1, a polycarbonate plate 15, a solar photovoltaic panel 2, a heat conductive material 3, a solar air collector 4, a fan 6, a heat transfer pipe 7, a main air duct 14, a heat exchange pipe 11, a fin 12, a composite phase change material 8, a concrete wall 9, a thermal insulation material 10, a tail air outlet 13, a connection between the solar air collector 4 and the heat transfer pipe 7, a connection between the heat transfer pipe 7 and the main air duct 14, and a connection between the main air duct 14 and the heat exchange pipe 11 are sealed. The heat exchange pipe 11 can also be arranged in a straight line or in other pipe arrangements that are beneficial to increasing the heat exchange area.

[0034] Through the above device, under sunlight, the solar photovoltaic panel 2 can generate electricity under sunlight to meet the electricity needs of the greenhouse, and the excess electricity can be uploaded to the power grid to obtain additional economic benefits. Under sunlight, the solar photovoltaic panel 2 will receive a large amount of solar radiation heat while generating electricity. The solar radiation heat is transmitted to the solar air collector 4 through the heat conductive material 3 and collected to heat the air in the cavity of the solar air collector 4. Subsequently, the heated air is transmitted to the heat exchange pipe 11 through the heat transfer pipe 7 under the action of the fan 6 for heat exchange. The heat energy generated by the solar radiation heat is stored in the composite phase change material 8 and used to release heat at night to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse, thereby solving the problem of external energy consumption when taking traditional heating measures.

[0035] An optional implementation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the novel agricultural greenhouse based on the coordinated storage of heat and electricity in this embodiment includes a plurality of coordinated heat and electricity collection units, each of which is provided with a corresponding support frame 1, a solar photovoltaic panel 2, a thermal conductive material 3, and a solar air collector 4. Under sunlight, the solar photovoltaic panel 2 can generate electricity under sunlight, and at the same time, the thermal conductive material 3 quickly transfers the solar radiation heat received by the solar photovoltaic panel 2 to the solar air collector 4 in the form of heat, and the solar air collector 4 then heats the air in the cavity. The temperature sensor 17 monitors the indoor temperature change. When the temperature in the greenhouse reaches the set working temperature, the intelligent information system platform 19 controls the fan 6 to work, and the air in the greenhouse is forcibly sucked into the solar air collector 4 through the holes 5 of the solar air collector. The solar air collector 4 uses the radiation heat of sunlight to continuously heat the medium-temperature hot air in the solar air collector 4 into high-temperature hot air, thereby simultaneously collecting solar energy in the form of electrical energy and thermal energy; when the temperature in the greenhouse is outside the set working temperature range or the composite phase change material 8 has fully completed the thermal energy storage, the intelligent information system platform 19 controls the fan 6 to stop working and stop collecting thermal energy, and only the solar photovoltaic panel 2 works to collect electrical energy.

[0036] An optional implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, under sunlight, the solar photovoltaic panel 2 generates current and transmits the current to the solar power controller, and the solar power controller is connected to the battery and the electrical equipment in the greenhouse to supply the electricity demand of the greenhouse; the solar air collector 4 is connected to the heat transfer pipe 7, and the air inside the greenhouse is forced to circulate through the fan 6 and the high-temperature hot air heated by the solar air collector 4 is transmitted to the heat transfer pipe 7 and the main air duct 14 and the heat exchange pipe 11 connected thereto. In order to achieve uniform heating of the composite phase change material 8, the heat exchange pipe 11 is evenly distributed inside the composite phase change material 8, and fins 12 are installed around the heat exchange pipe 11 to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange pipe 11, and the tail air outlet 13 extends out of the composite phase change material 8, exposed to the greenhouse air, to achieve air circulation in the greenhouse. The heat exchange pipe 11 is arranged in a serpentine shape, and multiple heat exchange pipes are arranged along the length of the greenhouse wall. The overall layout is a grid shape, forming a heat exchange matrix to improve the heat exchange efficiency. A tail air outlet 13 is provided at the bottom of each heat exchange pipe in the heat exchange matrix. By providing multiple rows of tail air outlets 13, the indoor air circulation efficiency is improved, thereby achieving efficient temperature control. A resistance heating wire is provided in the tail air outlet 13. When the energy stored in the composite phase change material 8 is insufficient to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse on consecutive cloudy days, the battery discharge is used for auxiliary heating.

[0037] An optional implementation method, such as Figure 4As shown, when the light sensor 16 detects that there is no light, the solar photovoltaic panel 2 stops working, the battery discharges to supply the electricity demand of the greenhouse, and the solar air collector 4 no longer collects heat energy, and switches to ordinary ventilation ducts to participate in the air circulation work in the greenhouse; the temperature sensor 17 monitors the indoor temperature change, and when the temperature in the greenhouse reaches the heating working temperature, the intelligent information system platform 19 controls the fan 6 to work, and the fan 6 forces the air inside the greenhouse and the air inside the duct to circulate and enter the solar air collector 4 cavity through the solar air collector hole 5. Under the action of the fan 6, the air in the solar air collector 4 cavity enters the heat transfer pipe 7, the main air duct 14, and the heat exchange pipe 11 in turn. Under the action of the temperature difference, the air in the heat exchange pipe 11 exchanges heat with the composite phase change material 8. After sufficient heat exchange, the air in the heat exchange pipe 11 is heated to medium-temperature hot air, and is merged into the air inside the greenhouse through the tail air outlet 13. The air outlet is arranged at the bottom of the composite phase change material 8, so that the medium-temperature hot air after heat exchange can be fully mixed with the original air in the greenhouse in the air circulation project before entering the solar air collector hole 5 on the top of the greenhouse for the next round of heat exchange, so as to achieve uniform heating of the air in the greenhouse, thereby avoiding the gradient distribution of the internal ambient temperature of the greenhouse. The temperature sensor 17 is connected to the intelligent information system platform 19, and the intelligent information system platform 19 is connected to the fan 6 and controls the fan 6 to work. The intelligent information system platform 19 can control multiple fans 6 to work alone or simultaneously. By controlling the fan 6 to work alone, hot air is provided to the weak insulation area of ​​the greenhouse for targeted heating. When the overall temperature in the greenhouse is low, the fan 6 is controlled to work simultaneously to provide hot air for comprehensive heating of the greenhouse until the temperature set in the intelligent information system platform 19 is reached, and the intelligent information system platform 19 controls the fan 6 to stop working.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the composite phase change material 8 in the composite wall adopts a chemical energy composite phase change material, such as a PCM phase change wax and a thermal conductivity enhancement material covering the surface of the PCM phase change wax. PCM phase change wax is a special phase change wax for building heating, and its latent heat value is greater than 210kJ / kg, and its latent heat advantage is huge. Its melting point of about 35°C is very suitable for the application of greenhouse heat storage projects within the normal temperature range. PCM phase change wax adopts the product produced by Shanghai Joule Wax Industry. The PCM phase change wax selected in the utility model has a small heat attenuation and can maintain the temperature well. The PCM phase change wax is applied to the energy storage heating device based on the composite phase change material in this embodiment. It has a small volume and a large heat storage capacity. The latent heat value is dozens of times the specific heat value, the thermal efficiency is high, the price is low, and it can be used continuously for more than 20 years, and the service life is long. Moreover, it is a non-toxic and harmless material, has no explosion hazard, and is highly safe.

Claims

1. A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage, characterized in that: The greenhouse includes: At least one heat-electricity coordinated collection unit, the heat-electricity coordinated collection unit comprising a solar photovoltaic panel, a polycarbonate panel, a solar air collector and a heat transfer pipe sleeved on the end side of the solar air collector; At least one phase-change energy storage unit, the phase-change energy storage unit comprising a composite wall, a composite phase-change material covering the inner side of the composite wall, and a thermal insulation material covering the outer side of the composite wall; At least one power supply unit, the power supply unit comprising a solar photovoltaic panel and a solar power controller, for providing power for the operation of the greenhouse; At least one heating unit, the heating unit comprising a fan, a main air duct, a heat exchange pipe, a tail air outlet, a heating resistor and an air valve, the heat exchange pipe is arranged inside the composite phase change material and contacts the composite phase change material, the air inlet of the heat exchange pipe passes through the pipe wall of the main air duct and is connected to the main air duct, the tail air outlet passes through the composite wall and is exposed to the air in the shed, and the heating resistor and the air valve are arranged inside the tail air outlet; A control unit is electrically connected to the power supply unit and the heating unit respectively, and is used to control the operation of the power supply unit and the heating unit.

2. A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply unit includes one or more of a photovoltaic power generation unit and a grid power supply unit.

3. A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar photovoltaic panels are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals on the polycarbonate plate, a solar air collector is arranged at the lower side of the solar photovoltaic panels, and a heat-conducting material is filled between the solar photovoltaic panels and the solar air collector.

4. A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the composite wall is covered with a heat-insulating material, and the heat exchange pipe is embedded in the composite phase-change material inside the composite wall, wherein the composite phase-change material inside the composite wall includes a phase-change material and a heat-conductivity enhancing material.

5. A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple heat exchange pipes, and the heat exchange pipes are arranged in a serpentine manner. The multiple heat exchange pipes are independent of each other.

6. A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan is provided at the connection between the end pipe of the solar air collector and the heat transfer pipe to force the air to flow in the pipe. Different fans can be started independently.

7. A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange pipe includes: a heat exchange pipe matrix, fins, a tail air outlet, a heating resistor wire, and an air valve. The main air duct is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchange pipe. The heat exchange pipe is provided with a tail air outlet at the end. The heating resistor wire and the air valve are provided inside the tail air outlet for auxiliary heating and controlling the circulation of gas in the pipe.

8. A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating unit directly heats the air in the shed by forcing the air to circulate through a fan.

9. A new type of agricultural greenhouse with coordinated heat and electricity storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit includes: an intelligent information system platform, a temperature sensor, and a light sensor. The intelligent information system platform can independently control the operation of each fan and each heat exchange pipe according to the signals of the temperature sensor and the light sensor.

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