Tunnel earth pressure cell installation adaptation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel measurement, and discloses a tunnel earth pressure cell installation adaptation device which comprises an earth pressure cell, a balance plate, an adjusting layer plate and a fixed base, a positioning space is arranged on the fixed base, and the adjusting layer plate, the balance plate and the earth pressure cell are sequentially placed in the positioning space so that the adjusting layer plate can be located on the inner layer of the positioning space. The earth pressure box is positioned on the outermost layer of the positioning space and is exposed out of the positioning space; the balance plate is connected with the fixed base in a positioning manner, so that the stability of the earth pressure cells arranged on the balance plate is ensured; and a pressure-bearing film is arranged on the outward surface of the soil pressure box. The device is simple in structure, capable of taking materials locally and nearby, convenient to assemble, capable of adjusting the attaching degree of the soil pressure box and the surrounding rock surface, capable of ensuring that the soil pressure box makes contact with the rock surface, good in integrity and capable of ensuring that the soil pressure box is stable and does not slide. And the method is suitable for mounting the earth pressure cells in various tunnel environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel measurement, in particular to a tunnel soil pressure box installation adapter device. Background Art

[0002] The pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock on the initial support and steel arch frame is likely to affect the safety of the tunnel structure and water leakage. Understanding the surrounding rock pressure is helpful for adjusting the tunnel support measures and facilitating scientific research. The soil pressure measurement of the tunnel surrounding rock is often carried out using an earth pressure box, which is fixed at the corresponding steel arch frame position, and the surrounding rock pressure data is subsequently output through the reserved wire.

[0003] The earth pressure box installed at the construction site often fails to meet the requirements. For example, directly connecting it to the steel arch by welding may damage the sensor or cause the data to be negative. There is a gap between the installed earth pressure box and the soil to be tested, resulting in an inability to measure accurate data.

[0004] To ensure the correct use of the earth pressure box and accurately obtain the tunnel surrounding rock pressure conditions, on the one hand, the earth pressure box cannot be damaged, so the welding points cannot be arranged directly on the earth pressure box to avoid affecting the sensing device; on the other hand, the pressure-bearing membrane on the top surface of the earth pressure box needs to be close to the surrounding rock surface.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an earth pressure box installation adapter device that can not only meet the function of fixing the earth pressure box, but also adjust the fit between the earth pressure box and the surrounding rock surface. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device to solve the technical problem of how to provide an earth pressure box installation adapter device that can not only meet the function of fixing the earth pressure box but also adjust the degree of fit between the earth pressure box and the surrounding rock surface.

[0007] The utility model provides a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device, comprising an earth pressure box, a balance plate, an adjustment layer plate and a fixed base, wherein a positioning space is arranged on the fixed base, and the adjustment layer plate, the balance plate and the earth pressure box are sequentially placed in the positioning space, so that the adjustment layer plate is located in the inner layer of the positioning space, and the earth pressure box is located in the outermost layer of the positioning space and exposed to the outside of the positioning space; the balance plate and the fixed base are positioned and connected to ensure the stability of the earth pressure box arranged on the balance plate; a pressure-bearing membrane is arranged on the outward side of the earth pressure box.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixed base includes a base plate and positioning columns arranged on the base plate, and a plurality of positioning columns are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and enclose a positioning space. Positioning grooves matching the positioning columns are provided on the edge of the balance board, and the balance board cooperates with the positioning columns one by one through the positioning grooves to achieve the balance of the balance board.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning post is a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder or a polygonal column; the shapes of the plurality of positioning posts are the same, or the shapes of the plurality of positioning posts are different.

[0010] Furthermore, a side of the base plate facing the adjustment layer plate is provided with a positioning concave structure and / or a positioning convex structure.

[0011] Further, the adjustment layer plate includes a rubber pad and / or a metal pad.

[0012] Further, the adjustment layer plate includes a rubber pad, the first surface of the rubber pad has a concave structure, and / or the second surface of the rubber pad has a convex structure; and / or the adjustment layer plate includes a metal pad, the first surface of the metal pad has a concave structure, and / or the second surface of the metal pad has a convex structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment layer plate includes at least one rubber pad and at least one metal pad; the rubber pad is arranged close to the earth pressure box, and the metal pad is arranged close to the fixed base; or the rubber pad and the metal pad are arranged in an alternating manner, and the uppermost layer is the rubber pad.

[0014] Furthermore, a plug welding hole or a plug welding groove for fixed-point positioning welding is provided at the edge of the fixed base; or a connecting piece is provided on a side of the fixed base away from the adjustment layer plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a support frame is provided at the bottom of the fixed base; the support frame is detachably connected to the fixed base, or the support frame is fixedly connected to the fixed base.

[0016] Furthermore, the support frame includes at least two of vertical support rods, transverse support rods, and oblique support rods; the vertical support rods, transverse support rods, and oblique support rods are all straight rods of fixed length, or at least one of the vertical support rods, transverse support rods, and oblique support rods adopts a telescopic rod with adjustable length.

[0017] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The utility model provides a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device. The positioning connection between the balance plate and the fixed base ensures the stability and accurate position of the earth pressure box. The adjustment layer plate can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the surrounding rock surface to achieve the best fitting effect. The pressure-bearing membrane of the earth pressure box is a key part for measuring earth pressure, and is designed to sense and transmit earth pressure. The earth pressure box is fixed to ensure that the earth pressure box is stably fixed in the tunnel surrounding rock and is not affected by vibration or displacement during construction. The degree of fit can be adjusted by adjusting the setting of the layer plate to adjust the degree of fit between the earth pressure box and the surrounding rock surface to ensure that the earth pressure box can accurately measure earth pressure. The measurement accuracy is improved by closely fitting the surrounding rock surface to reduce the air gap and improve the accuracy of earth pressure measurement. The pressure-bearing membrane is protected. The pressure-bearing membrane of the earth pressure box is exposed, but it can be protected by the balance plate and the fixed base to avoid damage during construction. The combination of the fixed base, the adjustment layer, the balance plate and the earth pressure box forms a structure that works together to ensure the stability and measurement accuracy of the earth pressure box; the adjustment function of the adjustment layer is combined with the measurement function of the earth pressure box to achieve accurate monitoring of the earth pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock; the protection of the balance plate and the fixed base is combined with the measurement function of the earth pressure box to ensure the safety and accuracy of the measurement process; the design of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device takes into account the complexity of tunnel construction and the accuracy requirements of monitoring, and improves the safety of tunnel construction and the reliability of monitoring data through the synergy of structure and function. The structure is simple, materials can be obtained locally and nearby, and it is easy to assemble. The degree of fit between the earth pressure box and the surrounding rock surface can be adjusted to ensure that the earth pressure box is in contact with the rock surface. The device has good integrity and ensures that the earth pressure box is stable and does not slide. It can be applied to the installation of earth pressure boxes in various tunnel environments.

[0019] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the fixed base of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device with a support frame according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device with a support frame according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Legend:

[0027] 100, earth pressure box; 101, pressure membrane; 200, balance plate; 201, positioning groove; 300, adjustment layer plate; 301, rubber pad; 302, metal pad; 400, fixed base; 401, positioning space; 402, base plate; 403, positioning column; 500, support frame; 600, steel arch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of different ways as defined and covered below.

[0029] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device of the preferred embodiment of the utility model; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the fixed base of the preferred embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device with a support frame according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device with a support frame according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device of this embodiment includes an earth pressure box 100, a balance plate 200, an adjustment layer plate 300 and a fixed base 400. A positioning space 401 is provided on the fixed base 400. The adjustment layer plate 300, the balance plate 200 and the earth pressure box 100 are placed in the positioning space 401 in sequence, so that the adjustment layer plate 300 is in the inner layer of the positioning space 401, and the earth pressure box 100 is in the outermost layer of the positioning space 401 and exposed to the outside of the positioning space 401; the balance plate 200 and the fixed base 400 are positioned and connected to ensure the stability of the earth pressure box 100 arranged on the balance plate 200; a pressure-bearing membrane 101 is arranged on the outward side of the earth pressure box 100. The utility model provides a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device. The positioning connection between the balance plate 200 and the fixed base 400 ensures the stability and accurate position of the earth pressure box 100. The adjustment layer plate 300 can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the surrounding rock surface to achieve the best fitting effect. The pressure-bearing membrane 101 of the earth pressure box 100 is a key part for measuring earth pressure, which is designed to sense and transmit earth pressure. The earth pressure box 100 is fixed to ensure that the earth pressure box 100 is stably fixed in the tunnel surrounding rock and is not affected by vibration or displacement during construction. The degree of fit can be adjusted by setting the adjustment layer plate 300 to adjust the degree of fit between the earth pressure box 100 and the surrounding rock surface to ensure that the earth pressure box 100 can accurately measure the earth pressure. The measurement accuracy is improved by closely fitting the surrounding rock surface to reduce the air gap and improve the accuracy of earth pressure measurement. The pressure-bearing membrane 101 is protected. The pressure-bearing membrane 101 of the earth pressure box 100 is exposed, but it can be protected by the balance plate 200 and the fixed base 400 to avoid damage during construction. The combination of the fixed base 400, the adjustment layer plate 300, the balance plate 200 and the earth pressure box 100 forms a structure that works in coordination, and jointly ensures the stability and measurement accuracy of the earth pressure box 100; by combining the adjustment function of the adjustment layer plate 300 with the measurement function of the earth pressure box 100, accurate monitoring of the earth pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock is achieved; the protection function of the balance plate 200 and the fixed base 400 is combined with the measurement function of the earth pressure box 100 to ensure the safety and accuracy of the measurement process; the design of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device takes into account the complexity of tunnel construction and the accuracy requirements of monitoring, and improves the safety of tunnel construction and the reliability of monitoring data through the synergy of structure and function. The structure is simple, materials can be obtained locally and nearby, and it is easy to assemble. The degree of fit between the earth pressure box 100 and the surrounding rock surface can be adjusted to ensure that the earth pressure box 100 is in contact with the rock surface. The device has good integrity and ensures that the earth pressure box 100 is stable and does not slide. It can be applied to the installation of earth pressure boxes 100 in various tunnel environments.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the fixed base 400 includes a base plate 402 and positioning columns 403 arranged on the base plate 402, and a plurality of positioning columns 403 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and enclose a positioning space 401. A positioning groove 201 matching the positioning column 403 is provided on the edge of the balance board 200. The balance board 200 cooperates with the positioning column 403 one by one through the positioning groove 201 to achieve the balance of the balance board 200. The position of the earth pressure box 100 can be accurately located by means of a plurality of positioning columns 403 on the base plate 402, ensuring its correct installation in the tunnel surrounding rock; the positioning columns 403 are arranged at intervals along the circumference to form a stable positioning space 401, which helps to maintain the stability of the entire device and reduce the impact caused by construction or geological changes; positioning grooves 201 matching the positioning columns 403 are provided on the plate edge of the balance plate 200, allowing the balance plate 200 to be flexibly adjusted on the positioning columns 403 to adapt to surrounding rock surfaces of different shapes and sizes; the balance plate 200 is matched with the positioning columns 403 through the positioning grooves 201, ensuring the balance of the earth pressure box 100 on the balance plate 200 and preventing measurement errors caused by improper installation; the adjustment ability of the balance plate 200 makes the earth pressure box 100 can better fit the surrounding rock surface, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement; through precise positioning and balancing, the external impact on the pressure-bearing membrane 101 of the earth pressure box 100 can be reduced, its service life can be extended and the measurement accuracy can be maintained; the design of the positioning column 403 and the positioning groove 201 simplifies the installation process of the earth pressure box 100, making the installation and subsequent maintenance work more convenient; due to the cooperation of the positioning column 403 and the positioning groove 201, the device can adapt to the actual conditions of different tunnel surrounding rocks, improving its applicability in different engineering environments; the design of the fixed base 400 ensures the stability and measurement accuracy of the earth pressure box 100 by providing precise positioning and flexible adjustment capabilities, and also improves the adaptability and maintenance convenience of the entire tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device. Optionally, the fixed base 400 can adopt a snap-on structure, for example: the balance plate is fixed by the snap-on and the groove on the base plate. This method is convenient for quick installation and disassembly, and provides a certain degree of adjustment flexibility. Optionally, the fixed base 400 may adopt a spiral lifting structure, for example, a spiral lifting column is set on the base plate, and the height of the positioning column is adjusted by rotating the spiral, so as to achieve precise positioning of the balance plate. This method can provide a fine-tuning function to meet the needs of different surrounding rock surfaces. Optionally, the fixed base 400 may adopt a slide rail structure, for example, a vertical slide rail is installed on the base plate, and the balance plate cooperates with the vertical slide rail through a slider to achieve sliding and positioning along the vertical rail. This method can easily adjust the position of the earth pressure box to adapt to different installation environments.Optionally, the fixed base 400 may adopt an elastic support structure, for example, using elastic parts or springs as support to provide a certain elastic adjustment capability to adapt to the unevenness of the surrounding rock surface. This system can automatically adjust the fit between the earth pressure box and the surrounding rock surface to a certain extent. Different fixed bases 400 need to be selected according to the application environment and application requirements. When selecting, factors such as installation simplicity, cost, accuracy, adaptability, and convenience of maintenance should be considered.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the positioning column 403 is a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder or a polygonal column; the shapes of the multiple positioning columns 403 are the same, or the shapes of the multiple positioning columns 403 are different. The cylindrical positioning column provides a uniform contact surface, which is conducive to reducing the local stress at the contact point with the balance board 200. The cylinder is easy to manufacture and process, and the cost is low. The shape of the cylinder helps to achieve smooth rotation or sliding movement. The elliptical cylinder positioning column, the elliptical shape may provide a better contact area, which helps to increase the friction between the positioning column and the balance board 200 and improve stability. The elliptical cylinder may allow the position of the balance board 200 to be adjusted more easily in a specific direction. The polygonal column positioning column, the polygonal positioning column can provide more contact points, which helps to increase the stability and accuracy of positioning. The polygonal shape can be designed to have a specific matching relationship with the positioning groove on the balance board 200, such as step matching, cone matching, etc., to achieve a more complex adjustment and locking mechanism. The positioning columns with the same appearance simplify the manufacturing and assembly process because they can be used interchangeably. This design helps to standardize components and reduce the complexity of inventory management and logistics. Locating columns with different shapes can provide more diverse installation options to accommodate different surrounding rock shapes and installation requirements of the earth pressure box 100. Locating columns with different shapes can be designed to have specific functions. For example, some locating columns may be more suitable for providing stability, while others may be more suitable for providing flexibility of adjustment. Locating columns with different shapes can work together to provide multi-directional adjustment capabilities to ensure that the earth pressure box 100 can fit tightly against the surrounding rock surface under different conditions; locating columns with different shapes can improve the adaptability of the device, enabling it to better adapt to different geological conditions and tunnel shapes; when designing a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter, the shape of the locating column should be selected taking into account the stability of the device, the ease of installation, the cost-effectiveness, and the adaptability to specific application scenarios.

[0034] In this embodiment, a concave positioning structure and / or a convex positioning structure are provided on one side of the base plate 402 facing the adjustment layer plate 300. The concave positioning structure and the convex positioning structure can match the corresponding shape on the adjustment layer plate 300 to form a tight fit, thereby enhancing the fixation of the earth pressure box 100 installation adapter device; through the precise concave and convex structures, the accurate position of the adjustment layer plate 300 on the base plate 402 can be ensured, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the entire device; the concave positioning structure and the convex positioning structure can simplify the installation process of the adjustment layer plate 300, because they can guide the adjustment layer plate 300 to quickly align and fix it in the correct position; the concave positioning structure and the convex positioning structure can provide additional resistance support to reduce the impact of vibration or pressure changes during tunnel construction on the earth pressure box 100; these structures can enhance the structural stability of the entire installation adapter device, ensuring that the measurement data of the earth pressure box 100 during tunnel construction is accurate and reliable; by reducing the direct contact between the adjustment layer plate 300 and the base plate 402, wear can be reduced and the service life of the device can be extended. The positioning concave structure and / or the positioning convex structure on the base plate 402 are important design elements for improving the performance of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device, and they help to ensure the stability, accuracy and reliability of the device.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the adjustment layer plate 300 includes a rubber pad 301 and / or a metal pad 302. The rubber pad 301 has good elasticity and shock absorption properties, can absorb vibrations during construction, and protect the earth pressure box 100 from impact; the rubber pad 301 and the metal pad 302 can adjust the thickness as needed, so as to fine-tune the fit between the earth pressure box 100 and the surrounding rock surface, ensuring that the earth pressure box 100 can be in close contact with the surrounding rock surface; different pads can adapt to different geological conditions and surrounding rock characteristics. For example, the rubber pad 301 may be more suitable for soft or porous surrounding rocks, while the metal pad 302 may be more suitable for hard or smooth surrounding rocks; the metal pad 302 has high durability and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for use in harsh underground environments, extending the service life of the device; The metal pad 302 can provide better stability due to its higher rigidity, ensuring the stability of the earth pressure box 100 during the measurement process; the rubber pad 301 has better adaptability to temperature changes and can maintain performance in a temperature-fluctuating environment, while the metal pad 302 may be affected in performance under extreme temperatures; if necessary, the rubber pad 301 can provide electrical insulation to prevent electrochemical corrosion or other electrical problems; as part of the adjustment layer 300, the pad can be easily replaced if damaged or worn to maintain the performance of the device; when the surrounding rock undergoes a slight displacement, the rubber pad 301 can absorb this energy and reduce the direct impact on the earth pressure box 100. By reasonably selecting the rubber pad 301 and / or the metal pad 302, the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device can better adapt to different engineering needs and improve the accuracy of the measurement and the reliability of the device.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the adjustment layer plate 300 includes a rubber pad 301, the first surface of the rubber pad 301 has a concave structure, and / or the second surface of the rubber pad 301 has a convex structure; and / or the adjustment layer plate 300 includes a metal pad 302, the first surface of the metal pad 302 has a concave structure, and / or the second surface of the metal pad 302 has a convex structure. The concave structure and the convex structure can match the surface shape of the surrounding rock surface or the earth pressure box 100, improve the fit, and ensure the close contact between the earth pressure box 100 and the surrounding rock surface; these structures can compensate for the unevenness of the surrounding rock surface, and achieve better sealing and fitting through the elastic or plastic deformation of the rubber or metal pad 302; the convex or concave structure helps to distribute the earth pressure more evenly, reduce local stress concentration, and extend the service life of the earth pressure box 100; the elastic properties of the rubber pad 301 enable it to provide shock absorption and buffering effects, reducing the impact of external impact on the earth pressure box 100; structures of different shapes can adjust the earth pressure box The pressure distribution on the adjustment plate 300 can be optimized to optimize the accuracy of the measurement results; the structure on the pad can simplify the installation process and facilitate on-site construction personnel to make adjustments according to actual conditions; the hardness and durability of the metal pad 302 make it suitable for hard or smooth surrounding rock surfaces, while the softness of the rubber pad 301 makes it suitable for soft or porous surrounding rock surfaces; due to the different thermal expansion coefficients, the metal pad 302 and the rubber pad 301 can be designed in different combinations to adapt to temperature changes and reduce measurement errors caused by temperature fluctuations; the design of the metal pad 302 and the rubber pad 301 allows for quick replacement when damaged, reducing maintenance time and cost. By designing concave and convex structures on the adjustment layer plate 300, the adaptability, stability and measurement accuracy of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter can be improved, while reducing maintenance costs and improving construction convenience.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the adjustment layer plate 300 includes at least one rubber pad 301 and at least one metal pad 302; the rubber pad 301 is arranged close to the earth pressure box 100, and the metal pad 302 is arranged close to the fixed base 400; or the rubber pad 301 and the metal pad 302 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the uppermost layer is the rubber pad 301. The combined use of the rubber pad 301 and the metal pad 302 can make full use of the elasticity of rubber and the rigidity of metal to adapt to different engineering requirements; the rubber pad 301 is arranged close to the earth pressure box 100, which can provide good elastic fit and adapt to slight changes in the surrounding rock surface, while the metal pad 302 is arranged close to the fixed base 400 to provide stable support; the shock-absorbing performance of the rubber pad 301 can protect the earth pressure box 100 from impact and vibration during the construction process and extend its service life; the stability and durability of the metal pad 302 can ensure that the device maintains its structural integrity during long-term use; the rubber pad 301 has good adaptability to temperature changes, while the metal pad 302 provides stable performance in high or low temperature environments; the staggered rubber pad 301 and metal pad 302 can more effectively disperse the earth pressure and reduce local stress concentration; the combination of the rubber pad 301 and the metal pad 302 can be adjusted as needed to adapt to different surrounding rock conditions; the staggered design can provide better adaptability to cope with the unevenness of different surrounding rock surfaces. With this design, the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter can better adapt to the complex underground environment and provide stable, accurate and reliable earth pressure measurement, while reducing maintenance costs and improving construction convenience.

[0038] In this embodiment, the edge of the fixed base 400 is provided with a plug welding hole or a plug welding groove for fixed-point positioning welding; or a connector is provided on the side of the fixed base 400 away from the adjustment layer plate 300. The plug welding hole or the plug welding groove allows the fixed base 400 to be accurately positioned with other structures by welding, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the installation of the earth pressure box 100 adapter device; the welding connection provides a very stable connection method, which can improve the stability of the entire device in the tunnel surrounding rock. The use of connectors can adapt to different installation environments and conditions, providing more installation options and flexibility; the design of the connector can be adjusted according to different tunnel structures and surrounding rock characteristics to improve the adaptability of the device. The connector can be a threaded hole, a bolt, a rivet, a connecting lug, a flange, etc. The design of the plug welding hole or the plug welding groove and the connector simplifies the installation process, making the installation of the earth pressure box 100 faster and more convenient; the use of welding and connectors can improve the durability of the device and reduce displacement or damage caused by vibration or geological changes. The use of welding and connectors can ensure the safety of the earth pressure box 100 during the construction process and prevent accidents caused by unstable installation. Stable installation and precise positioning help improve the measurement accuracy of the earth pressure box 100 and ensure the reliability of data. By designing plug welding holes or plug welding grooves and connectors on the fixed base 400, the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter can better meet the needs of tunnel construction, improve installation stability and measurement accuracy, while reducing maintenance costs and improving construction efficiency.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, a support frame 500 is provided at the bottom of the fixed base 400; the support frame 500 is detachably connected to the fixed base 400, or the support frame 500 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 400. The support frame 500 provides additional support for the fixed base 400, increases the stability of the entire device, and reduces displacement caused by geological changes or construction activities; the support frame 500 cooperates with the adjustment layer plate 300, the support frame 500 makes large-scale adjustments, and the adjustment layer plate 300 makes fine adjustments to facilitate the fit between the earth pressure box 100 and the surrounding rock surface; the detachable support frame 500 allows construction personnel to quickly install and adjust the position of the fixed base 400 according to site conditions, thereby improving construction efficiency; the support frame 500 can be designed to adapt to different terrains and tunnel structures, ensuring good contact between the fixed base 400 and the surrounding rock surface; the support frame 500 can improve the bearing capacity of the fixed base 400, enabling it to withstand greater earth pressure or other external forces; the detachable support frame 500 provides flexibility in installation and disassembly, which is convenient for construction personnel to install and adjust the fixed base 400 according to needs during construction. The support frame 500 can be adjusted or replaced; if the support frame 500 is damaged or needs to be replaced, the detachable design can reduce maintenance time and cost; the support frame 500 can be designed in a shape that is conducive to drainage, preventing water from accumulating under the fixed base 400, and reducing the risk of corrosion and structural damage; the fixedly connected support frame 500 can provide more durable support and is suitable for long-term stable use; the design of the support frame 500 can optimize the space utilization under the fixed base 400 and provide space for other construction equipment or structures; the support frame 500 can enhance the impact resistance of the fixed base 400 and protect the earth pressure box 100 from possible impact during construction; the stability and bearing capacity of the support frame 500 help to improve the safety of the entire installation adapter device and reduce construction risks; the support frame 500 can be customized according to different geological conditions and construction requirements to improve the adaptability of the device. By designing the support frame 500 at the bottom of the fixed base 400, the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device can better adapt to the complex underground construction environment and provide stable, safe and reliable earth pressure measurement.

[0040] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the support frame 500 includes at least two of the vertical support rods, the transverse support rods, and the oblique support rods; the vertical support rods, the transverse support rods, and the oblique support rods are all straight rods of fixed length, or at least one of the vertical support rods, the transverse support rods, and the oblique support rods adopts a telescopic rod with adjustable length. The multi-directional support rod design of the support frame 500 provides a stable structural framework, which increases the stability and deformation resistance of the entire device; the combination of vertical, transverse and oblique support rods can adapt to tunnel surrounding rocks of different shapes and inclinations, ensuring good contact between the fixed base 400 and the surrounding rock surface; the multi-directional support rods can disperse the force acting on the fixed base 400, improve the bearing capacity of the device, and resist greater soil pressure or other external forces; if at least one support rod adopts a telescopic rod with adjustable length, the height and angle of the support frame 500 can be easily adjusted to adapt to different installation environments; the adjustable length telescopic rod simplifies the adjustment and maintenance process of the support frame 500, and can be quickly changed as needed; the support The design of the support frame 500 can optimize the space utilization under the fixed base 400 and provide space for other construction equipment or structures; the multi-directional support rod design of the support frame 500 helps to improve the durability of the device and extend its service life; the structure of the support frame 500 can enhance the impact resistance of the fixed base 400 and protect the earth pressure box 100 from possible impacts during the construction process; the stability and bearing capacity of the support frame 500 help to improve the safety of the entire installation adapter device and reduce construction risks; the support frame 500 can be customized according to different geological conditions and construction requirements to improve the adaptability of the device; choosing a straight rod or a telescopic rod as needed can achieve a balance between cost-effectiveness and meeting functional requirements. By designing a support frame 500 including vertical, horizontal, and oblique support rods at the bottom of the fixed base 400, the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device can better adapt to the complex underground construction environment and provide stable, safe and reliable earth pressure measurement.

[0041] During implementation, a tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device is provided, including an earth pressure box 100, a fixing device, and a triangular bracket (support frame 500). The fixing device includes a top plate (balance plate 200), a rubber pad 301, a steel pad (metal pad 302), and a fixed base 400. If the earth pressure box 100 is to accurately measure the earth pressure of the surrounding rock of the tunnel arch, it is necessary to ensure that the pressure-bearing membrane 101 is tightly fitted to the surrounding rock mass. The specific implementation method of this device is: the position of the earth pressure box 100 is limited by the fixed base 400 to make it difficult to slide. On the other hand, in order to ensure that the pressure-bearing membrane 101 is tightly fitted to the surrounding rock mass, a top plate is placed under the earth pressure box 100, and micro-adjustments are made by embedding the rubber pad 301 and the steel pad. If there is a large distance between the tunnel steel arch 600 and the surrounding rock, it is supported by a triangular bracket. The use of this device can adjust the fit between the pressure-bearing membrane 101 and the surrounding rock surface, so that the earth pressure box can obtain accurate readings.

[0042] Furthermore, the earth pressure box 100 is obtained through procurement, and the components involved in the description include a pressure-bearing membrane 101 , a data output wire, and an installation adapter is manufactured according to the size of the earth pressure box 100 .

[0043] Furthermore, the fixing device is welded by steel components at the construction site, including a top plate cut from a small steel plate, a rubber pad 301, a steel pad, and a fixed base 400 welded from a circular steel plate (base plate 402) and three limiting steel cylinders (positioning columns 403), wherein the top plate is placed under the earth pressure box 100, and the rubber pad 301 and the steel pad are sequentially located under the top plate. The earth pressure box 100 can be raised by increasing the number of steel pads to achieve the purpose of adjusting the degree of fit between the earth pressure box 100 and the surrounding rock surface, and the height of the three limiting steel cylinders should be at least half the height of the earth pressure box 100 to play a fixing role.

[0044] Furthermore, the triangular support is welded by steel bars, and attention should be paid to uniformly welding the diagonal braces to ensure that the earth pressure box 100 is uniformly stressed.

[0045] The tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device can be obtained from the construction site and is easy to assemble; the degree of fit between the earth pressure box 100 and the surrounding rock surface can be adjusted to ensure that the earth pressure box 100 is in contact with the rock surface; the device has good integrity to ensure that the earth pressure box 100 is stable and does not slide.

[0046] The various parts of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device are as follows Figure 1 As shown, from top to bottom are the earth pressure box 100, the fixing device (top plate, rubber pad 301, steel pad, fixing base 400). The applications of the tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device are: installing the earth pressure box on the arch when there is no support, installing the earth pressure box on the arch column, and installing the earth pressure box on the arch when there is a support. When the distance between the steel arch surrounding rock and the steel arch 600 is small, it is used Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The installation method without bracket is used when the distance between the surrounding rock of the steel arch and the steel arch 600 is too large. Figure 4 and Figure 5 There is a bracket installation method.

[0047] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The following describes the installation method of the earth pressure box on the arch without a bracket. The same is true for the installation of the earth pressure box on the arch column. Figure 2As shown, when installing the arch earth pressure box, the first step is to weld one side of the steel plate of the fixed base 400 to the steel arch 600; place the top plate and the earth pressure box 100 on the fixed base 400 in sequence, and note that the pressure membrane 101 should be placed outward, and the wire should be led out of the arch and protected and fixed to avoid damage and subsequent inability to read; adjust the height of the earth pressure box 100 so that the pressure membrane 101 is in close contact with the surrounding rock surface, and the implementation method is: lift the top plate to make the pressure membrane 101 contact with the surrounding rock surface, and embed the rubber pad 301 and several steel pads between the fixed base 400 and the top plate in sequence until the earth pressure box 100 is firm and not loose.

[0048] Combination Figure 4 , Figure 5 It is explained that the earth pressure box on the vault has a bracket installation method. If the distance between the steel arch 600 and the surrounding rock surface is too large to be installed, a triangular bracket should be added. At this time, when installing the earth pressure box on the vault, the first step is to use steel bars to weld a triangular bracket of appropriate height and weld it to the steel arch 600; weld the fixed base 400 to the top of the triangular bracket; place the top plate and the earth pressure box 100 on the fixed base 400 in sequence, and pay attention to placing the pressure membrane 101 facing outward, and the wire should be led out of the arch and protected and fixed to avoid damage and subsequent inability to read; adjust the height of the earth pressure box 100 so that the pressure membrane 101 is in close contact with the surrounding rock surface. The implementation method is: lift the top plate to make the pressure membrane 101 contact with the surrounding rock surface, and embed the rubber pad 301 and several steel pads between the fixed base 400 and the top plate in sequence until the earth pressure box 100 is firm and not loose.

[0049] Matters not covered in this utility model are known technologies.

[0050] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0051] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model shall be based on the attached claims.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device, characterized in that: It comprises an earth pressure box (100), a balance plate (200), an adjustment layer plate (300) and a fixed base (400). The adjusting layer plate (300), the balancing plate (200) and the earth pressure box (100) are sequentially placed in the positioning space (401), so that the adjusting layer plate (300) is located in the inner layer of the positioning space (401), and the earth pressure box (100) is located in the outermost layer of the positioning space (401) and exposed outside the positioning space (401); The balancing plate (200) and the fixed base (400) are connected by positioning to ensure the stability of the earth pressure box (100) arranged on the balancing plate (200); A pressure-bearing membrane (101) is arranged on the outward side of the earth pressure box (100).

2. The tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed base (400) includes a base plate (402) and positioning columns (403) arranged on the base plate (402). A plurality of positioning posts (403) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and enclose a positioning space (401). A positioning groove (201) matching with the positioning column (403) is provided on the edge of the balance board (200). The balancing board (200) is matched with the locating posts (403) in a one-to-one correspondence through the locating grooves (201) to achieve the balance of the balancing board (200).

3. The tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning column (403) is a cylinder, an elliptical column or a polygonal column; The shapes of the plurality of positioning posts (403) are the same, or the shapes of the plurality of positioning posts (403) are different.

4. The tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A side of the base plate (402) facing the adjustment layer plate (300) is provided with a positioning concave structure and / or a positioning convex structure.

5. The tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment layer plate (300) comprises a rubber pad (301) and / or a metal pad (302).

6. The tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment layer plate (300) comprises a rubber pad (301), a first surface of the rubber pad (301) having a concave structure, and / or a second surface of the rubber pad (301) having a convex structure; and / or The regulating layer plate (300) comprises a metal backing plate (302), a first surface of the metal backing plate (302) having a concave configuration, and / or a second surface of the metal backing plate (302) having a convex configuration.

7. The tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The adjustment layer plate (300) comprises at least one rubber pad (301) and at least one metal pad (302); The rubber pad (301) is arranged close to the earth pressure box (100), and the metal pad (302) is arranged close to the fixed base (400); or The rubber pads (301) and the metal pads (302) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the uppermost layer is the rubber pad (301).

8. The tunnel earth pressure cell installation adapter device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A plug welding hole or plug welding groove for fixed-point positioning welding is provided at the edge of the fixed base (400); or A connecting piece is provided on a side of the fixed base (400) away from the adjustment layer plate (300).

9. The tunnel earth pressure cell installation adapter device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A support frame (500) is provided at the bottom of the fixed base (400); The support frame (500) is detachably connected to the fixed base (400), or the support frame (500) is fixedly connected to the fixed base (400).

10. The tunnel earth pressure box installation adapter device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The support frame (500) comprises at least two of vertical support rods, transverse support rods, and oblique support rods; The vertical support rod, the transverse support rod and the oblique support rod are all straight rods with fixed lengths, or at least one of the vertical support rod, the transverse support rod and the oblique support rod is a telescopic rod with adjustable length.

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