Potato harvester

Abstract

The utility model provides a potato harvester, belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a machine body is higher than a handle of a tractor due to the fact that a separation rotating cylinder is too large, difficulty is brought to an operator, and the digging depth cannot be adjusted. The harvester comprises a mounting frame, an excavating device, a separating device and a collecting device are arranged on the mounting frame, and the harvester is characterized in that a guiding mechanism is arranged on the separating device and used for guiding the moving direction of potatoes in the separating device, and the collecting device is arranged on the rear side of the separating device and located below the separating device. A height adjusting device is further arranged on the mounting frame, and the digging depth of the digging device is adjusted through the height adjusting device. The collecting device is arranged outside the separating device, so that the size of the rotating cylinder is reduced, the height of a machine body is lower than that of a handle of a tractor, and particularly when the excavator is used on the ground with a large slope, difficulty cannot be caused to an operator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a potato harvester. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major agricultural producer. Potatoes are widely planted and grown in large quantities. They are the fourth largest food crop after corn, rice and wheat. They mature in a short time, cost little, have high yields and are rich in nutrition. However, potato harvesting is also a arduous task. At present, large-scale potato harvesters are used for large-scale potato harvesting of large areas, while potatoes planted in small areas such as individual farmers and mountainous and hilly areas are harvested manually in the past. First, the potato vines are pulled out, and then the potatoes buried in the soil are dug out with a pickaxe. In many cases, the position of the pickaxe is improper, and the originally good potatoes are dug out badly, which is a pity. It increases the breakage rate of potatoes, and the labor intensity is high and the efficiency is low. Most farmers cannot harvest in time due to the difficulty in digging, and the potatoes are frozen and rotten in the ground, which directly affects their economic income.

[0003] Nowadays, individual farmers basically use walk-behind tractors. In recent years, potato harvesters that can be directly connected or towed with walk-behind tractors and can meet the needs of small-area planting have gradually been adopted in agricultural production, greatly reducing the burden on workers and significantly improving harvesting efficiency.

[0004] After searching, the patent announcement number is CN217722057U, and the name is a Chinese patent for a new type of walk-behind potato harvester. The potato collecting box is placed in a rotating drum, so the rotating drum is larger, and an arc guide rail is also provided outside the rotating drum. Therefore, the height of the rotating drum will be greater than the height of the tractor handle, especially for land with a large slope, which will cause certain troubles to the operator, and its digging shovel cannot adjust its digging depth according to the ground conditions.

[0005] At present, the potato harvesters used by individual farmers will place the potatoes on the ground after the harvesters dig and separate the soil and potatoes, and then they will be picked up manually, which is inefficient and increases labor costs.

[0006] For this reason, designing a potato harvester becomes extremely important. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model aims to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provides a potato harvester.

[0008] The excavator should integrate a separation device and a collection device, and the height of the fuselage should not be too high so as not to affect the operator's use, and its excavation device should be able to adjust its excavation depth according to ground conditions.

[0009] Based on the above technical ideas, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0010] A potato harvester comprises: a mounting frame, on which a digging device, a separation device and a collecting device are arranged, characterized in that a guiding mechanism is arranged on the separation device, and the guiding mechanism is used to guide the movement direction of potatoes in the separation device, and the collecting device is arranged on the rear side of the separation device and below it.

[0011] In the above technical solution, preferably, the separation device includes a rotating drum, and the guiding mechanism is arranged in the rotating drum.

[0012] As a further limitation of the above technical solution, the guide mechanism is a spiral guide plate arranged along the inner surface of the rotating cylinder.

[0013] In the above technical solution, it is further defined that the excavating device includes an excavating shovel, and the excavating shovel includes a front section, a middle section and a rear section.

[0014] In the above technical solution, further, the front section is provided with a pointed end, and the middle section is provided in a hollow style.

[0015] In the above technical solution, it is further defined that a height adjustment device is also provided on the mounting frame, and the excavation device adjusts the excavation depth through the height adjustment device.

[0016] As a further limitation of the above technical solution, the height adjustment device includes adjustment plates arranged on both sides of the digging shovel, and the connection height between the adjustment plates and the mounting frame can be adjusted.

[0017] In the above technical solution, further, the height adjustment device also includes front running wheels which are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame and whose height can be adjusted.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0019] First, the utility model arranges the collecting box outside the separation rotating drum to reduce the size of the rotating drum, so that the height of the machine body is lower than the height of the tractor handle, especially when the excavator is used on a ground with a large slope, it will not cause any difficulty to the operator.

[0020] Second: The utility model provides a guiding mechanism, namely a spiral guiding plate, along the inner surface of the separation rotating cylinder. When the potatoes rotate in the rotating cylinder, the spiral guiding plate guides the movement direction of the potatoes and eventually guides them to a collection box outside the separation system. At the same time, it can also prevent the potatoes from scattering from the rotating cylinder during the rotation process.

[0021] Third: The utility model is provided with a digging shovel, which includes a front section, a middle section and a rear section. The front section is provided with a tip, such as a triangle, which can reduce the resistance when entering the soil. The middle section is a hollow design, and some soil can fall from the hollow to prevent soil accumulation. The rear end is a transition section, which is mainly used to transport potatoes to the conveying device behind. The digging shovel can prevent soil accumulation, has a low potato breakage rate and low digging resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 1;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 1;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a rear view of Example 1;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 1;

[0027] Figure 5 It is an enlarged view of the separation device and the collection device of Example 1;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the excavating shovel of Example 1;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the height adjustment device of Example 1;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the height adjustment device of Example 2;

[0031] Among them, 1. mounting frame; 2. rotating cylinder; 201. spiral guide plate; 202. guide rail; 203. guide wheel; 204. support wheel; 205. support frame; 3. collecting box; 301. loading frame; 4. digging shovel; 401. front section; 402. middle section; 403. rear section; 5. adjusting plate; 501; limiting hole; 502. limiting rod; 6. front running wheel; 601; rear running wheel; 602, casing, 603; casing rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0033] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length direction", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0034] Please refer to the following Figure 1-8 , the complete technical scheme and embodiments of this application are explained in detail. Example 1

[0035] This embodiment provides a potato harvester, such as Figure 1-7 As shown, it includes a mounting frame 1, on which a digging device, a separation device and a collecting device are arranged. It is characterized in that a guiding mechanism is arranged on the separation device, and the guiding mechanism is used to guide the movement direction of potatoes in the separation device. The collecting device is arranged on the rear side of the separation device and is located below it. The mounting frame 1 is also provided with a height adjustment device, and the digging device adjusts the digging depth through the height adjustment device.

[0036] The transmission connection mechanism of the potato harvester in this embodiment can refer to the Chinese patent with announcement number CN217722057U, entitled "New Walk-behind Potato Harvester", which will not be described in detail here.

[0037] The separation device comprises a rotating drum 2, and the guide mechanism is arranged in the rotating drum 2. The guide mechanism is a spiral guide plate 201 arranged along the inner surface of the rotating drum 2.

[0038] The separation device in this embodiment includes a rotating drum 2, which is a hollow mesh structure. A spiral guide plate 201 is also provided along the inner surface of the rotating drum 2. As the rotating drum 2 rotates, the potatoes and the soil will pass through the mesh sieve holes on the rotating drum 2 and fall to the ground. At the same time, larger clods of soil and soil attached to the potatoes will also be crushed by the rising effect of gravity and fall from the sieve holes to the ground.

[0039] The annular fence at the front end of the rotating drum 2 in this embodiment is the guide rail 202, the inner arc surface of the guide rail 202 is provided with a hobbing gear, and the frame is rotatably mounted with an upper left guide wheel 203, an upper right guide wheel 203, a lower right support wheel 204 and a lower left support wheel 204 arranged in sequence along the outer arc surface of the annular guide rail 202, the upper left guide wheel 203, the upper right guide wheel 203, the lower right support wheel 204 and the lower left support wheel 204 are arranged in a square shape, and the upper left guide wheel 203, the upper right guide wheel 203, the lower right support wheel 204 and the lower left support wheel 204 are respectively provided with a limiting groove adapted to the annular guide rail 202. For easy installation, four support frames 205 are welded on the frame, and the upper left guide wheel 203, the upper right guide wheel 203, the lower right support wheel 204 and the lower left support wheel 204 are respectively mounted.

[0040] The spiral guide plate 201 can guide the movement direction of the potatoes during the rotation of the rotating drum 2 and prevent the potatoes from falling out of the rotating drum 2 at the same time.

[0041] The collecting device in this embodiment includes a collecting box 3 and a loading frame 301. The supporting frame 205 is arranged on the mounting frame 1, on which the collecting box 3 is placed, and supports the collecting box 3. The collecting box 3 is located at the rear side of the rotating cylinder 2, and the opening of the collecting box 3 is located at the lower side of the rotating cylinder 2. When the potatoes rotate with the rotating cylinder 2, the spiral guide plate 201 will guide the potatoes into the collecting box 3.

[0042] The collection box 3 is placed in a position that allows the operator to replace the collection box 3 when it is full. If the collection box 3 is placed inside the rotating drum 2, the rotating drum 2 needs to be large enough to accommodate the collection box 3, so the height of the rotating drum 2 will be greater than the height of the tractor handle, which will cause some trouble to the operator, especially for land with a large slope. Placing the collection box 3 outside the rotating drum 2 instead of inside the rotating drum 2 will not make the rotating drum 2 too large, and will not face the problem of inconvenience in operation due to the height of the body being higher than the height of the handle.

[0043] The excavating device comprises an excavating shovel 4, and the excavating shovel 4 comprises a front section 401 and a middle section 402. The front section 401 is provided with a tip, and the middle section 402 is provided in a hollowed-out manner.

[0044] The digging shovel 4 in this embodiment is arranged in three sections, the front section 401 is arranged in a triangle, which can reduce the resistance of the digging shovel 4 when entering the soil, the middle section 402 is a hollow design, and the hollow part allows part of the soil to fall from the hollow part to prevent soil accumulation, but the size of the hollow part cannot be too large to prevent potatoes from falling from it, and the rear section 403 is a transition section, which is arranged in a vertical order and extends backward. The excavated potato-soil mixture can be transported to the conveying device. The design of the digging shovel 4 can prevent soil accumulation, reduce the potato breakage rate and reduce the digging resistance.

[0045] The height adjustment device comprises an adjustment plate 5 arranged on both sides of the digging shovel 4, and the connection height between the adjustment plate 5 and the mounting frame 1 can be adjusted.

[0046] The height adjustment device in this embodiment includes adjustment plates arranged on both sides of the digging shovel 4, and the adjustment plates extend upward from the left and right sides of the digging shovel 4 to prevent the excavated potatoes from falling from the two sides of the digging shovel 4. The adjustment plates are detachably connected to the mounting frame 1, and a plurality of limit holes 501 are longitudinally arranged on the adjustment plate. The mounting frame 1 is also correspondingly provided with limit holes 501. The limit rod 502 connects the adjustment plate to the mounting frame 1 through the limit holes 501. The limit rod 502 can adjust the height of the adjustment plate through the limit holes 501 at different heights on the adjustment plate, thereby adjusting the digging depth. Example 2

[0047] The height adjustment device further comprises front running wheels 6 which are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame 1 and whose height can be adjusted.

[0048] This embodiment is an improvement on the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the mounting frame 1 is further provided with a front running wheel 6, and the front running wheel 6 is detachably connected to the mounting frame 1, and the height thereof is adjustable.

[0049] In addition to supporting the machine body, the front running wheel 6 can also reduce the fatigue of the rear running wheel. At the same time, the digging depth of the excavating shovel 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the front running wheel 6. A sleeve 602 is provided on the mounting frame 1, and a sleeve rod 603 is sleeved in the sleeve 602. The front running wheel 6 is arranged at the other end of the sleeve rod 603. A plurality of limiting holes 501 are provided on the sleeve rod 603. The limiting holes 501 are correspondingly provided on the sleeve 602. The limiting rod 502 passes through the limiting holes 501 on the sleeve 602 and the sleeve rod 603 to fix the front running wheel 6 on the mounting frame 1. The height of the front running wheel 6 can also be adjusted by different limiting holes 501 on the sleeve rod 603.

[0050] Specific application cases:

[0051] Taking Gansu Province as an example, Gansu Province has a special landform, mostly terraces and small plots of land. The required power is a 12-18 horsepower walk-behind tractor. The tractor provides power for the potato harvester. As the harvester moves forward, the front section 401 of the digging shovel 4 will dig up the soil together with the potatoes, and then part of the soil will fall to the ground through the hollowing of the middle section 402 of the digging shovel 4 to prevent soil accumulation. Subsequently, the potato-soil mixture will be transported to the rear conveying screen through the rear section 403 of the digging shovel 4, i.e. the transition section. As the conveying screen moves, the potatoes and soil will enter the rotating drum 2, and the potatoes will rotate with the rotating drum 2. During the rotation process, the soil will fall to the ground through the mesh screen holes on the rotating drum 2. At the same time, larger clods of soil and the soil attached to the potatoes will be crushed by the rising effect of gravity and fall to the ground from the screen holes. The spiral guide plate 201 guides the movement direction of the potatoes during the rotation of the rotating drum 2 , while preventing the potatoes from falling out of the rotating drum 2 , and finally guides the potatoes into the collecting box 3 .

[0052] The digging depth of the digging shovel 4 can also be adjusted according to the ground conditions of different farmers. The digging depth can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the side adjustment plate 5 of the digging shovel 4 relative to the mounting frame 1 or by adjusting the height of the front walking wheel 6.

[0053] It should be clear that the above detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the utility model. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A potato harvester, comprising a mounting frame (1), wherein the mounting frame (1) is provided with a digging device, a separating device and a collecting device, wherein: The separation device is provided with a guiding mechanism, which is used to guide the movement direction of the potatoes in the separation device. The collecting device is arranged at the rear side of the separation device and is located below the separation device.

2. A potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation device comprises a rotating cylinder (2), and the guide mechanism is arranged in the rotating cylinder (2).

3. A potato harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide mechanism is a spiral guide plate (201) arranged along the inner surface of the rotating cylinder (2).

4. A potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excavating device comprises an excavating shovel (4), and the excavating shovel (4) comprises a front section (401), a middle section (402) and a rear section.

5. A potato harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front section (401) is provided with a pointed end portion, and the middle section (402) is provided in a hollowed-out style.

6. A potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame (1) is also provided with a height adjustment device, and the excavation device adjusts the excavation depth through the height adjustment device.

7. A potato harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height adjustment device comprises adjustment plates (5) arranged on both sides of the excavating device, and the connection height between the adjustment plates and the mounting frame (1) is adjustable.

8. A potato harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height adjustment device further comprises front running wheels (6) which are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame (1) and whose height can be adjusted.

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