Arrangement structure of shellfish and algae reef monomers and shellfish and algae reef group

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shellfish and algal reef monomer and an arrangement structure of a shellfish and algal reef group. The method is suitable for the technical field of marine ecological restoration. The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a shellfish and algal reef monomer and an arrangement structure of a shellfish and algal reef group. According to the technical scheme, the shellfish and algal reef monomer is characterized by comprising a base, a plurality of supporting columns and a plurality of supporting columns, the fixing bases are arranged above the base and are distributed at intervals along the central axis of the base in an array mode, a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the grooves in a one-to-one mode are formed in the fixing bases, and the fixing bases are used for providing attachment bases for oyster growth; the fixing bolts are matched with the grooves and the mounting holes, the fixing bases can be mounted in the grooves, the adjacent fixing bases are connected through the mounting holes, and the fixing bolts are used for providing adhesion bases for seaweed growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of marine ecological restoration, in particular to an arrangement structure of a shell algae reef monomer and a shell algae reef group. Background Art

[0002] Marine reefs are a three-dimensional reef structure formed by the aggregation of marine organisms with reef-building capabilities. Their formation changes the seabed topography, increases the complexity of terrain at different scales, provides habitats for other marine organisms, and maintains biodiversity. In recent years, marine reefs have been seriously threatened by natural and human factors and have become an important research object in the field of marine ecological protection and restoration. The ecological functions of marine reefs mainly include coastal protection, providing habitats, purifying water bodies, carbon fixation, and energy coupling. The ecological restoration methods of marine reefs are divided into two categories: releasing reef-building organisms in degraded reef areas to gradually form reefs, and releasing artificial reefs to supplement reef-building organisms to gradually form reefs. Domestic research on marine reefs is mostly focused on coral reefs and oyster reefs, and research on other types of marine reefs is very limited.

[0003] At present, due to human activities such as marine engineering projects including land reclamation, bridge and dock construction, and indiscriminate fishing and logging of marine resources in my country's coastal waters, oyster reefs and their ecosystems in nearby waters have been severely damaged, resulting in problems of limited anchorage and limited replenishment in the environment of offshore reef systems. At the same time, the restoration objects of marine ecological restoration-related technologies at home and abroad are single, and ecological restoration technologies have certain defects.

[0004] Therefore, not only is it necessary to artificially assist in repairing the degradation of natural bioreefs in coastal zones, but it is also necessary to build complex ecological functional groups to improve the biodiversity level of marine ecological zones. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: in view of the above-mentioned existing problems, a shell algae reef monomer and a shell algae reef group arrangement structure are provided.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a shellfish reef monomer, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] A base having a plurality of grooves thereon;

[0008] A fixing base is arranged above the base and is distributed in an array along the central axis of the base. The fixing base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the grooves one by one. The fixing base is used to provide an attachment base for the growth of oysters;

[0009] The fixing bolt cooperates with the groove and the mounting hole, and can install the fixing base in the groove, and connect adjacent fixing bases through the mounting hole. The fixing bolt is used to provide an attachment base for the growth of seaweed.

[0010] Through the above-mentioned technical means, the fixing base is used to provide an attachment base for the growth of oysters, and the fixing bolts are used to provide an attachment base for the growth of seaweed. The base, the fixing base and the fixing bolts are constructed to form a shellfish and algae reef monomer. The shellfish and algae reef monomer can increase the habitat space for shellfish and algae. At the same time, the fixing bases are distributed in an array along the central axis of the base, which can improve biodiversity while taking into account the role of slowing down the flow and eliminating waves, thereby forming a marine ecological restoration space with a strong sense of hierarchy and reducing the erosion of storm waves on the coast.

[0011] In some embodiments, a through hole is provided at the center of the fixing base, and the through hole allows the water flowing through the inside and the periphery thereof to form a variety of flow patterns.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fixing base is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the fixing base is provided with the mounting holes at intervals along the circumferential direction of the surface thereof.

[0013] In some embodiments, the base is a cubic structure, the cross-section of the mounting hole is circular, and the fixing bolt is a cylindrical structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, oyster seedlings are provided on the fixing base, and the oyster seedlings are selected from the dominant species in the marine restoration area, and the oyster seedlings are long oysters, Kumamoto oysters and Omi oysters; seaweed seedlings are tied to the fixing bolts, and the seaweed seedlings are selected from the dominant species in the marine restoration area, and the seaweed seedlings are Gracilaria and Sargassum.

[0015] In some embodiments, the shellfish reef monomers are placed in a nursery or offshore aquaculture area for cultivation, and after the oyster seedlings and the seaweed seedlings mature, the shellfish reef monomers are transported to a marine restoration area.

[0016] Another technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a layout structure of shellfish and algae reefs, characterized in that it includes:

[0017] Multiple shellfish and algae reef monomers are arranged at intervals along the natural environment water depth contours, parallel to the coastline, from the low tide area to the subtidal zone or the damaged area of ​​oyster reefs, and the arrangement direction is perpendicular to the tidal direction;

[0018] The bottom protection structure is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of shellfish and algae reef monomers, and the bottom protection structure is used to reduce the settlement of the reef body.

[0019] In some embodiments, the bottom protection structure adopts a geotube bag.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0021] 1. Use the base as a support for the anchorage, and use the fixing bolt to fix the anchorage on the base to form a shellfish reef monomer, so as to ensure that marine organisms have a stable attachment base and reduce the impact of the limited anchorage in the offshore environment. Among them, the anchorage is used as a reef to provide a place for oysters to grow, and the fixing bolt is used as an attachment base for seaweed growth, so that the shellfish reef monomer combines shells and algae to form a complex ecosystem, which has multiple ecological restoration objects and is conducive to improving biodiversity and restoring ecological functions.

[0022] 2. By constructing multiple shellfish and algae reefs in the offshore to form shellfish and algae reef groups, the oysters and seaweed on the shellfish and algae reefs are released into the offshore ecological restoration area after they mature, so as to ensure the stability of the organisms in the shellfish and algae reef groups, so that they have good ecological recovery ability and long-term stability after release. At the same time, the shellfish and algae reef groups increase the complexity of the offshore terrain, affect the water flow conditions near the reefs, and can provide habitats for marine life while protecting the coastline from erosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shellfish reef monomer in this application.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle base and the fixing base.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Base; 2. Fixing base; 3. Fixing bolt.

[0027] This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment." The appearance of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. The particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with the present disclosure.

[0028] The term "comprising" is open ended. As used in the appended claims, the term does not exclude additional structures or steps. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present utility model, the technical solution of the present utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment is a shellfish reef monomer, including a base 1, a fixing base 2 and a fixing bolt 3. The base 1 is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the fixing base 2 is arranged above the base 1. The fixing base 2 is arranged in an array along the central axis of the base 1, and the fixing base 2 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the grooves one by one. The fixing bolt 3 is matched with the grooves and the mounting holes. The fixing base 2 can be installed in the groove of the fixing base 2 by using the fixing bolt 3, and the adjacent fixing bases 2 can be connected in sequence by using the fixing bolt 3. The fixing base 2 and the fixing bolt 3 can both provide an attachment base for the growth of oysters and seaweed.

[0032] In some embodiments, a through hole is provided at the center of the fixing base 2, and the through hole is used to enable the water flowing through the interior and the surrounding thereof to form a variety of flow states, including upwelling, accelerating flow, stagnant flow, etc. On the one hand, it can not only disturb the bottom and near-bottom water bodies, improve the vertical exchange efficiency between each water layer, form an ideal nutrient transport environment, provide rich nutrients for the algae attached to the surface of the reef and the plankton in the surface water of the ocean, but also provide slowly changing flow conditions for marine organisms to choose to live.

[0033] In some embodiments, the base 1 is a cubic structure, specifically, the length, width and height of the base 1 are 1m×1m×10cm. The fixing base 2 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the fixing base 2 is provided with mounting holes at intervals along the circumference of its surface, and the cross section of the mounting holes is circular. The fixing bolts 3 are cylindrical structures, and the mounting holes and the fixing bolts 3 cooperate with each other. A plurality of fixing bolts 3 are vertically inserted into the corresponding grooves of the base 1, and the corresponding fixing bolts 3 are respectively embedded in the mounting holes on the fixing base 2, so that the plurality of fixing bases 2 are distributed parallel to each other at a certain interval along the vertical direction.

[0034] In some embodiments, the anchor base 2 in this embodiment is used to provide an attachment base for the growth of oysters, and the fixing bolt 3 is used to provide an attachment base for the growth of seaweed. Specifically, oyster seedlings are arranged on the anchor base 2, and the oyster seedlings are selected from the dominant species in the marine restoration area, and the oyster seedlings are long oysters, Kumamoto oysters, and Omi oysters. Seedling ropes are used to tie seaweed seedlings on the fixing bolt 3, and the seaweed seedlings are selected from the dominant species in the marine restoration area, and the seaweed seedlings are Gracilaria and Sargassum.

[0035] Furthermore, the shellfish and algae reef monomers are placed in nurseries or offshore aquaculture areas for cultivation. After the oyster seedlings and seaweed seedlings mature, the shellfish and algae reef monomers are transported to the marine restoration area.

[0036] Embodiment 2:

[0037] This embodiment is a layout structure of a shellfish reef group, including multiple shellfish reef monomers and a bottom protection structure as described in the first embodiment, which is suitable for offshore coastal bioreef degradation areas and estuaries and other sea areas. Multiple shellfish reef monomers are arranged in a linear or curved manner along the natural environment water depth contours at intervals, and are arranged parallel to the coastline in the low tide area of ​​the intertidal zone (average low tide water level below 1m) to the subtidal zone (average low tide water level less than 5m) or oyster damaged areas, and the arrangement direction is perpendicular to the tidal direction, so that it can play a role in blocking water flow and consuming wave energy. The bottom protection structure is arranged at the bottom of multiple shellfish reef monomers, and the bottom protection structure is used to reduce the settlement of the reef body.

[0038] In some implementation schemes, the bottom protection structure adopts geotextile tube bags. Specifically, the arrangement spacing of the shellfish reef monomers is 1m, and a layer of geotextile tube bags is laid on the original beach surface at the bottom of the reef as a bottom protection, and the reef construction area is not less than 1000㎡.

[0039] The shellfish reef in this embodiment has a simple configuration, convenient construction, and a stable structure. The overall layout of the shellfish reef group is compact and can support a high-density oyster population. At the same time, this layout increases the complexity of the terrain, affects the water flow conditions near the reef, and can effectively protect the coastline from erosion, provide habitats for other species, maintain marine biodiversity, purify water, and fix carbon.

[0040] Embodiment three:

[0041] This embodiment is a method for preparing a shellfish and algae reef system, including the construction, cultivation and construction deployment of the shellfish and algae reef.

[0042] Construction part of the shellfish reef: The shellfish reef is mainly composed of a base 1, a fixing base 2 and a fixing bolt 3. Specifically, the fixing bolts 3 are respectively inserted into the corresponding grooves of the base 1, and then the fixing base 2 is inserted into the fixing bolts 3 in parallel at a certain interval.

[0043] Cultivation of shellfish and algae reefs: Place the assembled reef in a nursery or offshore aquaculture area for cultivation, attach the cultivated local oyster seedlings to the reef, and wait for the oyster reef to mature; at the same time, plant large seaweed on the reef, tie the seedlings with seedling ropes, and fix them on the reef, waiting for the algae to mature.

[0044] Construction and deployment of shellfish and algae reefs: The deployment should be completed before the oyster spawning period, which is conducive to the metamorphosis and attachment of the larvae formed by the fertilized eggs. The deployed algae reefs will be fully covered in more than a month and become the attachment base for the growth of seaweed. During the low tide period, the cultivated mature reefs are manually transported or hoisted by machine to the construction surface. In order to reduce the settlement of the reef, a layer of geotextile tube bags is laid on the original beach as a bottom protection, and the shellfish and algae reefs are deployed after the laying is completed.

[0045] Embodiment 4:

[0046] This embodiment is a method for placing and constructing a shellfish and algae reef, comprising the following steps:

[0047] Before construction, a deployment experiment should be conducted in advance. 10 to 20 single reefs should be deployed in the central location of the marine restoration area. The experiment lasts for 15 to 90 days. The next step of construction can only be carried out after meeting the relevant specifications and design requirements. If the settlement is too fast, the reef plan needs to be adjusted in time and can only be implemented after meeting the requirements.

[0048] 1-2 days before the reef is deployed, at the lowest tide, organize personnel to go to the beach to mark the four corners of each reef in advance. Considering the water depth and flow rate at high tide in the construction area, it is recommended to use wooden stakes and bamboo poles as markers. To ensure the smooth deployment of construction materials, coordinate the boat driver to go to the site 1 day in advance to familiarize himself with the marked reef location.

[0049] Two split-type bottom barges were used for construction. First, the reef area to be cast was marked, and then the reef was cast according to the positioning marks. The reefs were cast in sequence, and the location and number of each reef were recorded. After the construction of one reef was completed, it was transferred to the next unit sea area.

[0050] Set up marine warning signs in the project area and its surrounding waters. Since the existence of shellfish reefs changes the local water flow and wave conditions, there will be a certain amount of siltation after the project is completed, and regular dredging is required after completion.

[0051] Since the artificial reef was put into use, the staff has been organized to regularly investigate the species composition, biological density and biomass of the organisms attached to the reef every month. The methods of investigation of attached organisms are: lifting the artificial reef to land and investigating the attached organisms on site; divers use sample boxes to conduct underwater sampling investigations; and underwater video recording. The results of the above three investigation methods are combined to evaluate and count the species, density and biomass of the organisms attached to the reef.

[0052] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A shellfish reef monomer, characterized in that: include: A base (1) having a plurality of grooves formed thereon; A fixing base (2) is arranged above the base (1) and is distributed in an array along the central axis of the base (1). A plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the grooves are provided on the fixing base (2). The fixing base (2) is used to provide an attachment base for the growth of oysters. The fixing bolt (3) cooperates with the groove and the mounting hole, and can install the fixing base (2) in the groove, and connect adjacent fixing bases (2) through the mounting hole. The fixing bolt (3) is used to provide an attachment base for the growth of seaweed.

2. A shellfish reef monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is provided at the center of the fixing base (2), and the through hole enables the water flowing through the inside and the periphery thereof to form a variety of flow patterns.

3. A shellfish reef monomer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing base (2) is in the form of a hollow cylindrical structure, and the fixing base (2) is provided with the mounting holes at intervals along the circumferential direction of its surface.

4. A shellfish reef monomer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base (1) is a cubic structure, the cross section of the mounting hole is circular, and the fixing bolt (3) is a cylindrical structure.

5. The shellfish reef monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing base (2) is provided with oyster seedlings, which are selected from the dominant species in the marine restoration area, and the oyster seedlings are long oysters, Kumamoto oysters and Omi oysters; the fixing bolt (3) is tied with seaweed seedlings, which are selected from the dominant species in the marine restoration area, and the seaweed seedlings are Gracilaria and Sargassum.

6. A shellfish reef monomer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shellfish and algae reef monomers are placed in a nursery or offshore aquaculture area for cultivation. After the oyster seedlings and the seaweed seedlings mature, the shellfish and algae reef monomers are transported to the marine restoration area.

7. A layout structure of shellfish and algae reefs, characterized in that: include: Multiple shellfish and algae reef monomers are arranged at intervals along the natural environment water depth contours, parallel to the coastline, from the low tide area to the subtidal zone or the damaged area of ​​oyster reefs, and the arrangement direction is perpendicular to the tidal direction; The bottom protection structure is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of shellfish and algae reef monomers, and the bottom protection structure is used to reduce the settlement of the reef body.

8. The arrangement structure of the shellfish and algae reef group according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The bottom protection structure adopts geotube bag.

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