Simulation test device for impact of reservoir avalanche surge on dam

Abstract

The utility model discloses a simulation test device for impact of reservoir avalanche surge on a dam, belongs to the technical field of simulation test devices, and aims to provide the simulation test device for impact of the reservoir avalanche surge on the dam to perform a simulation test for impact of the avalanche surge on the dam. The system comprises a river channel model, an avalanche simulation system, an energy dissipation system, a data collection system, a camera system and a waste recovery system. The river channel model comprises a model groove, a river bank terrain is arranged in the model groove, a dam model is arranged on the river bank terrain, and a plurality of cross beams are arranged above the model groove; the avalanche simulation system comprises a supporting base, an inclination angle adjusting platform, an avalanche slide way and an angle adjusting knob. The energy dissipation system comprises an energy dissipation device and an energy dissipation pool; the data collection system comprises a wave height meter and a digital pressure sensor; the camera system comprises a plurality of high-speed cameras; the waste recovery system comprises a waste collection box. The utility model is suitable for a simulation test device for impact of avalanche surge on a dam in a reservoir area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of simulation experiment devices, and in particular relates to a simulation experiment device for a reservoir area avalanche surge impacting a dam. Background Art

[0002] As the development and construction of hydropower stations continues to expand to high-altitude and cold mountainous areas, the probability of dams being threatened by avalanches is also increasing. At the same time, due to global warming, the scale and frequency of avalanches in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas are also increasing. The surge generated when avalanches enter the water will cause the water level in the river to rise and the flow rate to accelerate, which seriously threatens the safe construction and operation of hydropower stations. Therefore, seeking a visual simulation test device for the impact of avalanche surges on dams in the reservoir area and understanding the propagation law of avalanche surges and the impact of avalanche surges on dams are important bases for dam construction and disaster prevention and mitigation design in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas.

[0003] Currently, most simulation devices for avalanche disasters are aimed at their movement patterns and characteristics on the ground, and there are no test devices for avalanche surges impacting dams. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a simulation test device for avalanche surge impacting a dam in a reservoir area. By constructing a river model, a dam model and a corresponding avalanche simulation system, a wave height meter, a digital pressure sensor and a high-speed camera are used to record the wave height, dynamic wave pressure and water flow state of the avalanche surge, and a simulation test of the avalanche surge impacting the dam is carried out, so as to provide theoretical support for dam construction and disaster prevention and mitigation design in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A simulation test device for a reservoir area avalanche surge impacting a dam, comprising a river model, an avalanche simulation system, an energy dissipation system, a data collection system, a camera system and a waste recovery system;

[0007] The river channel model comprises a model trough, a river bank terrain is arranged in the model trough, a dam model is arranged on the river bank terrain, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the upstream dam surface of the dam model, a plurality of cross beams are arranged at equal intervals above the model trough along the length direction of the model trough, and the cross beams can move along the length direction of the model trough;

[0008] The avalanche simulation system comprises a support base arranged at one side of the model tank, the support base is provided with an inclination adjustment platform, the inclination adjustment platform is provided with an avalanche slide, and the inclination adjustment platform is provided with an angle adjustment knob;

[0009] The energy dissipation system includes an energy dissipation device and an energy dissipation pool, which are arranged at one end of the model tank and located at the upstream side of the dam model;

[0010] The data collection system includes a wave height meter and a digital pressure sensor, wherein the wave height meter is installed on the crossbeam and can move along the length direction of the crossbeam, and the digital pressure sensor is installed in the installation hole;

[0011] The camera system includes a plurality of high-speed cameras, which are respectively arranged beside the avalanche simulation system, on the opposite side of the avalanche simulation system, and on both sides in front of the upstream dam face of the dam model;

[0012] The waste recycling system comprises a waste collection box, which is arranged at one end of the model tank and located at the downstream side of the dam model.

[0013] Furthermore, the dam model is a concrete arch dam, and a plurality of wave height meters are arranged on the cross beam in front of the upstream dam face of the dam model.

[0014] Furthermore, the installation holes are densely arranged along the water level line of the dam model.

[0015] Furthermore, the avalanche slide and the inclination adjustment platform, and the inclination adjustment platform and the supporting base are connected by bolts.

[0016] Furthermore, the energy dissipation device is foam or a three-dimensional metal mesh or a polyurethane sponge.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] 1. The utility model realizes the indoor simulation of the whole process of avalanche surge impacting the dam, can intuitively present the movement process of avalanche surge impacting the dam and record the surge height and dam surface dynamic wave pressure in real time, which has important guiding role and reference value for studying the impact and destructive force of avalanche surge on the dam and subsequent dam construction and disaster prevention and mitigation design. In addition, the avalanche simulation system can be moved to any position on both sides of the river, so as to realize the study of the impact of different avalanche points in the same reservoir area on the dam. At the same time, the device is easy to operate and can realize the recycling of test materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present utility model and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, including:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2This is a structural diagram of the avalanche simulation system of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the dam model and the digital pressure sensor of the utility model;

[0023] Markings in the figure: 1- river channel model, 11- model trough, 12- dam model, 13- river bank terrain, 14- beam, 2- avalanche simulation system, 21- avalanche slide, 22- tilt adjustment platform, 23- support base, 24- angle adjustment knob, 3- energy dissipation system, 31- energy dissipation pool, 32- energy dissipation device, 4- data collection system, 41- wave height meter, 42- digital pressure sensor, 5- camera system, 6- waste recovery system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the utility model. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0027] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing the present utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] A simulation test device for a reservoir avalanche surge impacting a dam comprises a river model 1, an avalanche simulation system 2, an energy dissipation system 3, a data collection system 4, a camera system 5 and a waste recovery system 6, wherein the avalanche simulation system 2 is located on one side of the river model 1, the energy dissipation system 3 is placed at one end of the river model 1, i.e., the upstream side of a dam model 12, the data collection system 4 is placed in the river model 1, the camera system 5 is set up on both sides in front of the dam model, near an avalanche point and on the opposite side of the avalanche point, and the waste recovery system 6 is located on the downstream side of the dam model 12, wherein:

[0031] The river channel model 1 includes a model trough 11, a dam model 12, a river bank landform 13, and a crossbeam 14. The model trough 11 is made of transparent organic glass or transparent tempered glass. The prefabricated dam model 12 is placed at a designated position on the river bank landform 13, and a mounting hole is reserved on the upstream dam surface of the dam model 12 to install a digital pressure sensor 42. The river bank landform 13 is built using the contour method or the section panel method. The crossbeam 14 is made of relatively narrow transparent organic glass and is placed at equal intervals above the river channel.

[0032] The avalanche simulation system 2 includes an avalanche chute 21, an inclination adjustment platform 22 and a support base 23, which are located on one side of the river model 1. The avalanche chute 21 can be made of PVC board or wood board. The slope of the avalanche chute 21 is adjusted by the inclination adjustment platform 22. The angle of the inclination adjustment platform 22 is controlled by the angle adjustment knob 24 located on the side, and the angle variation range is 0° to 90°. The avalanche chute 21 and the inclination adjustment platform 22, as well as the inclination adjustment platform 22 and the support base 23 are fixedly connected by bolts. In order to simulate avalanche disasters, the avalanche simulation material uses powdered materials or granular materials with similar movement characteristics to snow, and the density is controlled at 100kg / m 3 ~600kg / m 3 , placed in the designated avalanche release area on avalanche chute 21.

[0033] The energy dissipation system 3 is installed on the upstream side of the dam model 12. The energy dissipation system 3 includes an energy dissipation pool 31 and an energy dissipation device 32. The energy dissipation device 32 can be made of foam, a three-dimensional metal mesh or a polyurethane sponge. The energy dissipation system 3 can eliminate the surge waves propagating upstream and reduce the impact on the test structure.

[0034] The data collection system 4 includes a wave height meter 41 and a digital pressure sensor 42, which are used to record the time-course change data of the surge wave height and the time-course change data of the dynamic wave pressure on the dam surface, respectively. The wave height meter 41 can adopt the ULD200 digital wave height meter with a measuring range of 0 to 2m. Its top is fixed on the beam 14, and its position can be moved along the beam 14. Multiple wave height meters 41 are arranged at the beam 14 in front of the dam, and one wave height meter 41 is arranged on each of the other beams 14. The beams 14 are arranged at equal intervals along the river channel, and the position of the wave height meter 41 is adjusted so that it is located in the center of the river channel. The digital pressure sensor 42 is installed on the upstream dam surface of the dam model 12, and the acquisition frequency is 300HZ. Multiple groups of digital pressure sensors 42 are arranged along the longitudinal section of the dam model 12. Since the dynamic water pressure changes drastically at the water level line, they are densely arranged at the water level line position. The wave height meter 41 and the digital pressure sensor 42 are installed in a networking mode, and multiple sensors are connected to a hub, which is connected to a computer via a network cable to achieve real-time synchronous collection of data from multiple sensors.

[0035] The camera system 5 includes a plurality of high-speed cameras, using GoPro high-speed cameras, which are arranged on both sides in front of the dam, near the avalanche point and on the opposite side of the avalanche point.

[0036] The waste recycling system 6 comprises a waste collection box for collecting overflow water flow and realizing the recycling and reuse of avalanche materials and water flow.

[0037] The utility model comprises the following steps during implementation:

[0038] (1) Place the prepared dam model in the river model, use the section panel method or contour method to make the river bank terrain, and inject water to the preset water level on the upstream side of the river model. Place an energy dissipation device on the upstream side of the dam model, and set up a waste recovery system on the downstream side;

[0039] (2) Move the avalanche simulation system to the avalanche area to be tested, adjust the inclination adjustment platform to 0°, make the avalanche slide horizontal, adjust the height of the support base to match the river bank slope, and place the pre-prepared avalanche simulation material in the planned avalanche release area on the avalanche slide.

[0040] (3) Adjust the position of the wave height meter so that it is located in the center of the river channel, perform static and dynamic calibration on the sensor, and adjust the lenses of each high-speed camera so that it can fully and comprehensively capture the entire process of surge generation, propagation, and climbing up and overtopping the dam;

[0041] (4) Slowly rotate the knob of the tilt adjustment platform to change the slope of the slideway, triggering an avalanche disaster, and simultaneously turn on the wave height meter, digital pressure sensor, and high-speed camera to collect data in real time;

[0042] (5) After the test, the data is analyzed and processed, the materials in the waste recovery system are recycled, and the model tank is cleaned and refilled with clean water to carry out the next set of tests.

[0043] (6) Change the position of the avalanche simulation system, the height of the avalanche release area and the slope of the slideway, and repeat the above steps (2) to (5).

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A simulation test device for a reservoir area avalanche surge impacting a dam, comprising a river model 1, an avalanche simulation system 2, an energy dissipation system 3, a data collection system 4, a camera system 5 and a waste recovery system 6;

[0046] The river channel model 1 includes a model trough 11, a river bank landform 13 is arranged in the model trough 11, a dam model 12 is arranged on the river bank landform 13, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the upstream dam surface of the dam model 12, a plurality of cross beams 14 are arranged at equal intervals above the model trough 11 along the length direction of the model trough 11, and the cross beams 14 can move along the length direction of the model trough 11;

[0047] The avalanche simulation system 2 includes a support base 23 disposed on one side of the model tank 11, an inclination adjustment platform 22 is installed on the support base 23, an avalanche slide 21 is installed on the inclination adjustment platform 22, and an angle adjustment knob 24 is provided on the inclination adjustment platform 22;

[0048] The energy dissipation system 3 includes an energy dissipation device 32 and an energy dissipation pool 31, which are arranged at one end of the model tank 11 and located at the upstream side of the dam model 12;

[0049] The data collection system 4 includes a wave height meter 41 and a digital pressure sensor 42. The wave height meter 41 is installed on the crossbeam 14. The wave height meter 41 can move along the length direction of the crossbeam 14. The digital pressure sensor 42 is installed in the installation hole.

[0050] The camera system 5 includes a plurality of high-speed cameras, which are respectively arranged beside the avalanche simulation system 2, on the opposite side of the avalanche simulation system 2, and on both sides in front of the upstream dam face of the dam model 12;

[0051] The waste recycling system 6 includes a waste collection box, which is arranged at one end of the model tank 11 and located at the downstream side of the dam model 12 .

[0052] Example 2

[0053] On the basis of Example 1, the dam model 12 is a concrete arch dam, and a plurality of wave height meters 41 are arranged on the cross beam 14 in front of the upstream dam face of the dam model 12 .

[0054] Example 3

[0055] On the basis of the above embodiment, the installation holes are densely arranged along the water level line of the dam model 12 .

[0056] Example 4

[0057] On the basis of the above embodiment, the avalanche slide 21 and the inclination adjustment platform 22, and the inclination adjustment platform 22 and the support base 23 are connected by bolts.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the energy dissipation device 32 is foam or three-dimensional metal mesh or polyurethane sponge.

[0060] The above is the embodiment of the utility model. The above is the preferred embodiment of the utility model. If the preferred implementation methods in each preferred embodiment are not obviously self-contradictory or based on a preferred implementation method, each preferred implementation method can be arbitrarily superimposed and used in combination. The embodiments and specific parameters in the embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly describing the verification process of the utility model, and are not used to limit the patent protection scope of the utility model. The patent protection scope of the utility model is still subject to its claims. All equivalent structural changes made by using the description and drawings of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A simulation test device for avalanche surge impact on a dam in a reservoir area, characterized in that: It includes a river channel model (1), an avalanche simulation system (2), an energy dissipation system (3), a data collection system (4), a camera system (5) and a waste recovery system (6); The river channel model (1) comprises a model trough (11), a river bank terrain (13) is arranged in the model trough (11), a dam model (12) is arranged on the river bank terrain (13), a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the upstream dam surface of the dam model (12), a plurality of cross beams (14) are arranged at equal intervals above the model trough (11) along the length direction of the model trough (11), and the cross beams (14) can move along the length direction of the model trough (11); The avalanche simulation system (2) comprises a support base (23) arranged on one side of the model groove (11), an inclination adjustment platform (22) is installed on the support base (23), an avalanche slide (21) is installed on the inclination adjustment platform (22), and an angle adjustment knob (24) is provided on the inclination adjustment platform (22); The energy dissipation system (3) comprises an energy dissipation device (32) and an energy dissipation pool (31), wherein the energy dissipation device (32) and the energy dissipation pool (31) are arranged at one end of the model tank (11) and are located at the upstream side of the dam model (12); The data collection system (4) comprises a wave height meter (41) and a digital pressure sensor (42); the wave height meter (41) is mounted on the crossbeam (14); the wave height meter (41) can move along the length direction of the crossbeam (14); and the digital pressure sensor (42) is mounted in a mounting hole; The camera system (5) comprises a plurality of high-speed cameras, which are respectively arranged beside the avalanche simulation system (2), on the opposite side of the avalanche simulation system (2), and on both sides in front of the upstream dam face of the dam model (12); The waste recycling system (6) comprises a waste collection box, which is arranged at one end of the model tank (11) and located at the downstream side of the dam model (12).

2. A simulation test device for avalanche surge impact on a dam in a reservoir area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dam model (12) is a concrete arch dam, and a plurality of wave height meters (41) are arranged on a crossbeam (14) in front of the upstream dam face of the dam model (12).

3. A simulation test device for avalanche surge impact on a dam in a reservoir area according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The installation holes are densely arranged along the water level line of the dam model (12).

4. A simulation test device for avalanche surge impact on a dam in a reservoir area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The avalanche slide (21) and the inclination adjustment platform (22), as well as the inclination adjustment platform (22) and the support base (23) are all connected via bolts.

5. A simulation test device for avalanche surge impact on a dam in a reservoir area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy dissipation device (32) is foam or a three-dimensional metal net or a polyurethane sponge.

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