Fabricated inverted arch structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of inverted arch facilities, and particularly discloses an assembly type inverted arch structure which comprises an inverted arch second lining, the inverted arch second lining comprises a plurality of inverted arch units arranged in the depth direction of a tunnel, each inverted arch unit is of an arc-shaped plate type structure, and a U-shaped groove is reserved in the annular middle of each inverted arch unit. A plurality of hand holes are sequentially formed in the two sides of the U-shaped groove at intervals in the tunnel depth direction. Longitudinal joints are arranged between the adjacent inverted arch units, and rubber elastic sealing gaskets are arranged in the longitudinal joints. The construction time of the inverted arch secondary lining is shortened, so that the tunnel lining can be closed to form a ring as early as possible, and the stability of the tunnel is facilitated; meanwhile, the assembly type inverted arch is simple in longitudinal assembly form and can be rapidly installed on site, and rapid construction of the tunnel inverted arch is achieved; by shortening the construction time of the inverted arch secondary lining, in-hole traffic can be recovered as early as possible, safe and rapid construction of the tunnel is facilitated, the construction efficiency of the tunnel is improved, and the construction period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of inverted arch facilities, in particular to an assembled inverted arch structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the construction of mining tunnels, the invert is usually made of cast concrete structure, which requires multiple processes to be completed in the tunnel, and the construction speed is slow. There are the following effects: 1. The construction time of the upper invert backfill and the arch wall secondary lining is extended; 2. The construction section needs to build a trestle, which makes it difficult for vehicles to pass through the tunnel, increases the danger of vehicle passage, and is not conducive to tunnel traffic and construction safety.

[0003] Casting the invert in situ will not only affect the speed of the invert construction, but also its construction quality cannot be guaranteed. First, when the invert and the invert backfill are cast at one time, since the concrete grade used for the invert backfill is generally lower than that of the invert, not only will the invert fail to reach the designed strength, but it will also be detrimental to the stability of the tunnel, causing the top of the invert backfill to be pulled, resulting in cracks in the road surface and bulging at the bottom; second, the quality of the cast-in-situ invert cannot be guaranteed. Under the combined effects of later ground stress, vehicle load, groundwater, etc., the invert will crack and break, making it impossible for the tunnel lining to be closed into a ring, which is not conducive to the stress and stability of the tunnel.

[0004] In addition, there are several attempts at prefabricated inverted arches: (1) full ring prefabrication, which prefabricates the inverted arch as a whole. This type of structure has good integrity, but is heavy and has high requirements for lifting machinery; (2) block prefabrication, which uses bolts, positioning mortise and tenon joints and other connection methods in the circumferential direction. This type of structure divides the full ring inverted arch structure into several parts, which is convenient for on-site lifting and has low requirements for lifting machinery. However, since the inverted arch is divided into blocks, stress concentration will occur at the blocks, which is prone to damage in the later stage, which is not conducive to the stability of the inverted arch structure. In addition, there are many joints in the circumferential direction of the inverted arch, which is not conducive to waterproofing the bottom of the tunnel. Therefore, based on this, it is necessary to find a new type of prefabricated inverted arch structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] The utility model aims to improve the problems of slow cast-in-place construction speed of the inverted arch, inability to ensure construction quality, and technical disadvantages of full-ring prefabrication and block prefabrication; the utility model designs an assembled inverted arch structure, by reserving a U-shaped groove in the middle of the second lining of the inverted arch, and simultaneously reserving a plurality of grouting holes in the circumferential direction of the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove, and connecting the longitudinal joints in the longitudinal direction by bolts; the utility model shortens the construction time of the second lining inverted arch and ensures the construction quality at the same time.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] An assembled inverted arch structure comprises an inverted arch secondary lining, wherein the inverted arch secondary lining comprises a plurality of inverted arch units arranged along the longitudinal direction of a tunnel, wherein the inverted arch units are arc-shaped plate structures, wherein a U-shaped groove is reserved in the middle of the inverted arch units, and a plurality of hand holes are sequentially arranged at intervals on both sides of the U-shaped groove along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel; and longitudinal joints are arranged between adjacent inverted arch units, wherein rubber elastic sealing pads are arranged in the longitudinal joints.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of grouting holes are reserved in a circumferential direction in sequence on the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove.

[0009] Preferably, a reinforcement grouting layer is provided between the primary support of the invert and the secondary lining of the invert.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the hand hole is larger than the diameter of the bolt.

[0011] Preferably, the bolts pass through hand holes of adjacent inverted arch units to fix and connect adjacent inverted arch units.

[0012] Preferably, both sides of the inverted arch unit are provided with caulking joints; and the rubber elastic sealing pad is arranged in the caulking joints between adjacent inverted arch units.

[0013] Preferably, the inverted arch includes a primary support, and the inverted arch unit is in close contact with the primary support.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0015] 1. The utility model reserves a U-shaped groove in the middle of the second lining of the inverted arch, and reserves a plurality of grouting holes in the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove, and connects the longitudinal joints by bolts in the longitudinal direction; the utility model shortens the construction time of the second lining inverted arch and ensures the construction quality at the same time.

[0016] 2. The utility model shortens the construction time of the secondary lining of the invert, which is beneficial to the early closure of the tunnel lining into a ring and the stability of the tunnel; at the same time, the utility model has a simple longitudinal assembly form of the assembled invert, which can be quickly installed on site and realize the rapid construction of the tunnel invert; by shortening the construction time of the secondary lining of the invert, it is beneficial to restore the traffic in the tunnel as soon as possible, which is beneficial to the safe and rapid construction of the tunnel, improve the construction efficiency of the tunnel and shorten the construction period.

[0017] 3. The utility model has good structural integrity, no weak stress area, and fast installation speed by having no joint seams in the circumferential direction; at the same time, compared with full-ring prefabrication, the existence of the U-shaped groove reduces the weight of the prefabricated structure and facilitates on-site lifting.

[0018] 4. The utility model forms a strict waterproof structure by arranging bolts for connecting adjacent inverted arch units and arranging rubber elastic sealing pads in the caulking joints reserved at the longitudinal joints, which can not only avoid poor waterproofing caused by too many blocks, but also reduce the weight of the prefabricated components and facilitate hoisting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Other features, purposes and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings. The drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. In addition, the same reference symbols are used to represent the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the tunnel lining structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the assembly plan of the second lining of the inverted arch of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the front view of the second lining of the inverted arch of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a top view of the second lining of the inverted arch of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a side view of the second lining of the inverted arch of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of II.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Primary support of arch wall; 2. Primary support of inverted arch; 3. Secondary lining of arch wall; 4. Secondary lining of inverted arch; 5. U-shaped groove; 6. Hand hole; 7. Grouting hole; 8. Bolt; 9. Caulking; 10. Rubber elastic sealing pad; 11. Longitudinal joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific implementation method described here is only an optimal embodiment of the utility model, which is only used to explain the utility model and does not limit the protection scope of the utility model. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] Example 1: Figure 1As shown, the tunnel lining structure includes an arch wall primary support 1, an inverted arch primary support 2, an arch wall secondary lining 3 and an inverted arch secondary lining 4, wherein the inverted arch secondary lining 4 includes a plurality of inverted arch units arranged along the tunnel depth direction, the inverted arch unit is an arc-shaped plate structure, a U-shaped groove 5 is reserved in the middle of the inverted arch unit in an annular direction, a plurality of hand holes 6 are sequentially arranged at intervals on both sides of the U-shaped groove 5 in the tunnel depth direction, and caulking 9 is arranged on both sides of the inverted arch unit in an annular direction. In this embodiment, a U-shaped groove 5 is reserved in the middle of the inverted arch secondary lining, and a plurality of grouting holes 7 are sequentially reserved in an annular direction on the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove 5, and the longitudinal joints are connected in the longitudinal direction by bolts 8, thereby shortening the construction time of the inverted arch secondary lining, thereby facilitating the tunnel lining to be closed into a ring as soon as possible, and facilitating the stability of the tunnel.

[0029] Furthermore, a plurality of grouting holes 7 are reserved in the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove 5. Compared with full-ring prefabrication, the weight of the prefabricated structure is reduced due to the presence of the U-shaped groove 5, making it easier to hoist on site. In order to ensure that the new and old concretes of the U-shaped groove 5 are tightly connected in the later stage, the surface of the U-shaped groove 5 needs to be roughened to increase the friction between the new and old concretes and avoid cracks.

[0030] Furthermore, a reinforcement grouting layer is provided between the primary support 2 and the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch, and the reinforcement grouting layer is obtained by reinforcement grouting through the grouting holes 7. The grouting holes 7 run through the entire assembled inverted arch structure, and the number of the grouting holes 7 is determined according to the circumferential length of the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch. The grouting holes 7 are reserved for reinforcement grouting in the later stage to fill the gap between the primary support 2 and the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch, so as to prevent the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch from being damaged due to uneven settlement caused by insufficient bottom filling.

[0031] Furthermore, the diameter of the hand hole 6 is larger than the diameter of the bolt 8. In order to ensure that the bolt 8 is reliably installed and the installation is not affected by the concrete vibration of the U-shaped groove 5 at a later stage, a hand hole 6 is reserved at the bolt 8 of the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch. The size of the hand hole 6 is slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 8, so as to facilitate the installation of the bolt 8 as a control basis.

[0032] Furthermore, a longitudinal seam 11 is provided between adjacent inverted arch units.

[0033] Furthermore, the utility model provides an invert unit, and the second lining of the invert is longitudinally assembled with a rubber elastic sealing pad 10 and a bolt 8 to assemble the longitudinal joint 11, which can be quickly installed on site, so as to realize the rapid construction of the tunnel invert, which is conducive to the mechanization of tunnel construction, reduces the labor intensity of workers and the number of construction personnel in the tunnel, shortens the tunnel construction period and reduces the cost.

[0034] Furthermore, the bolts 8 pass through the hand holes 6 of adjacent inverted arch units for fixed connection.

[0035] The utility model forms a strict waterproof structure by arranging bolts 8 for connecting adjacent inverted arch units and arranging rubber elastic sealing pads 10 to fill the caulking 9 reserved at the longitudinal joints 11, which can avoid poor waterproofing caused by too many blocks and reduce the weight of the prefabricated components for easy lifting.

[0036] Furthermore, rubber elastic sealing pads 10 are filled between adjacent caulking joints 9; adjacent caulking joints 9 refer to two adjacent caulking joints 9 between two adjacent inverted arch units.

[0037] By shortening the construction time of the secondary lining of the invert, it is beneficial to restore the traffic in the tunnel as soon as possible, facilitate the safe and rapid construction of the tunnel, improve the construction efficiency of the tunnel, and shorten the construction period.

[0038] This embodiment has no circumferential joints, good structural integrity, no weak stress areas, and fast installation speed.

[0039] Example 2, an assembled inverted arch structure, this example is carried out on the basis of Example 1, as a detailed explanation (principle, etc.) of the effect or purpose or a certain feature of Example 1, and the content is expanded.

[0040] Furthermore, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the tunnel lining structure. Figure 1 As shown, the tunnel support structure includes an initial support and a secondary lining, wherein the initial support includes an arch wall initial support 1, an inverted arch initial support 2, and the secondary lining includes an arch wall secondary lining 3 and an inverted arch secondary lining 4. The improvement of the assembled inverted arch structure of the utility model is Figure 1 The middle arch secondary lining 4 adopts an assembled structure. The structure is prefabricated in the entire ring direction without assembly seams, ensuring its integrity in the ring direction. In the longitudinal direction, the longitudinal joints 11 are assembled by rubber elastic sealing pads 10 and bolts 8. Figure 2 Compared with the traditional cast-in-place structure, the construction speed of this structure is significantly improved. At the same time, compared with the existing inverted arch assembled structure, this structure solves the problems of too many assembly seams of prefabricated blocks and too heavy weight of the whole ring prefabrication, which makes it difficult to hoist.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, it is an arc-shaped plate structure with a U-shaped groove 5 reserved in the middle, the purpose of which is to reduce the weight of the inverted arch unit and facilitate the hoisting of the hoisting machinery in the cave. After the hoisting of the inverted arch unit is completed, the U-shaped groove 5 is filled with concrete, and its size needs to be comprehensively considered according to the surrounding rock grade, burial depth, assembly efficiency and other conditions. In order to ensure that the new and old concretes of the U-shaped groove 5 are tightly connected in the later stage, the surface of the U-shaped groove 5 needs to be roughened to increase the friction between the new and old concretes to avoid cracks.

[0042] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove 5 is circumferentially reserved with a plurality of grouting holes 7, which run through the entire assembled inverted arch structure, and the number of grouting holes 7 is determined according to the circumferential length of the inverted arch secondary lining 4. In this embodiment, it is recommended to reserve three grouting holes 7 for each ring of the inverted arch secondary lining 4 of a double-lane tunnel, and one reserved grouting hole 7 is added for each additional lane. The reserved grouting holes 7 are used for reinforcement grouting later to fill the gap between the inverted arch primary support 2 and the inverted arch secondary lining 4, so as to prevent the inverted arch secondary lining 4 from being damaged due to uneven settlement caused by insufficient bottom filling.

[0043] like Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the longitudinal connection of the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch. The adjacent inverted arch units are connected by bolts 8. For reliable connection, a plurality of bolts 8 are arranged in the circumferential direction of each ring of the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch. The number of bolts 8 is affected by the circumferential length of the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch. In this embodiment, it is recommended to arrange 4 bolts 8 in a two-lane tunnel. For each additional lane, one bolt 8 is added. In order to ensure that the bolts 8 are reliably installed and the installation is not affected by the concrete vibration of the U-shaped groove 5 at a later stage, a hand hole 6 is reserved at the bolt 8 of the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch. The size of the hand hole 6 is slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 8, so as to facilitate the installation of the bolt 8 as a control basis.

[0044] At the same time, in order to ensure the waterproofness of the longitudinal joint 11 of the second lining of the inverted arch 4, a caulking 9 is reserved at the longitudinal joint 11 of the second lining of the inverted arch 4. After the prefabrication of the second lining of the inverted arch 4 is completed, the rubber elastic sealing pad 10 is installed. When installing the rubber elastic sealing pad 10, the caulking 9 is first cleaned, and then the adhesive is applied to the caulking 9 and the rubber elastic sealing pad 10 with a brush. After applying the adhesive, it is left to cool for a period of time. When it is not sticky when touched by fingers, the rubber elastic sealing pad 10 is inserted into the caulking 9, and finally the rubber elastic sealing pad 10 is knocked down in sequence with a wooden hammer, so that the rubber elastic sealing pad 10 is installed tightly. Bolts 8 connect the adjacent second linings of the inverted arch 4, and the rubber elastic sealing pads 10 at the bottom are tightly connected, forming a strict waterproof structure.

[0045] During on-site construction, the secondary lining 4 of the inverted arch is first hoisted at the designed position, and then the adjacent secondary linings 4 of the inverted arch are connected into a whole through bolts 8. After completion, reinforcement grouting is carried out in sequence through the reserved grouting holes 7, and then the U-shaped groove 5 is filled with concrete. The reinforcement grout and the concrete of the U-shaped groove 5 are required to have good fluidity to ensure dense filling.

[0046] An assembled inverted arch structure method is applicable to an assembled inverted arch structure:

[0047] S1: Excavate the tunnel invert, remove the bottom slag, construct the initial support of the invert, and perform preliminary leveling;

[0048] S2: hoist the assembled invert to the designed position;

[0049] S3: Connect adjacent inverted arch units into a whole with bolts;

[0050] S4: Reinforcement grouting is performed through the reserved grouting holes to fill the gap between the secondary lining of the invert and the primary support of the invert;

[0051] S5: Fill the U-shaped grooves with concrete in sequence to form a complete secondary lining of the invert.

[0052] The above specific implementation modes are preferred implementation modes of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation scope of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model includes but is not limited to the specific implementation modes. All equivalent changes made in accordance with the shape, structure, and method of the present utility model are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An assembled inverted arch structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises an inverted arch secondary lining (4), wherein the inverted arch secondary lining (4) comprises a plurality of inverted arch units arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, wherein the inverted arch units are arc-shaped plate-type structures, wherein a U-shaped groove (5) is reserved in the middle of the inverted arch units, and a plurality of hand holes (6) are sequentially arranged at intervals on both sides of the U-shaped groove (5) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel; and longitudinal joints (11) are arranged between adjacent inverted arch units, wherein a rubber elastic sealing pad (10) is arranged in the longitudinal joints (11).

2. The assembled inverted arch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of grouting holes (7) are reserved in sequence in a circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove (5).

3. The assembled inverted arch structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reinforcement grouting layer is provided between the primary inverted arch support (2) and the secondary inverted arch lining (4).

4. The assembled inverted arch structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the hand hole (6) is larger than the diameter of the bolt (8).

5. The assembled inverted arch structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bolts (8) pass through the hand holes (6) of the adjacent inverted arch units to fixedly connect the adjacent inverted arch units.

6. The assembled inverted arch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the inverted arch unit are provided with caulking (9); the rubber elastic sealing pad (10) is arranged in the caulking (9) between adjacent inverted arch units.

7. The assembled inverted arch structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It comprises an inverted arch primary support (2), and the inverted arch unit is fitted with the inverted arch primary support (2).

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