Surface roughness measuring device for large-size range rock mass

Abstract

The utility model relates to a surface roughness measuring device for a large-size range rock mass, which adopts a measuring guide rail structure consisting of detachable combined linear guide rails to measure rock mass structural surfaces with different sizes and lengths, and is convenient to carry and assemble during field operation. Meanwhile, when the contour of a rock mass structural surface with a larger size is measured, the stayed displacement sensor and the distance measuring sensor are sequentially subjected to segmented measurement on the measuring guide rail through the structures of the first sliding block, the second sliding block and the first locking piece and the second locking piece on the to-be-measured position; therefore, an accurate surface roughness characteristic curve of the rock mass structural surface is obtained; and displacement data of the sliding block is collected in real time by adopting a stay wire type displacement sensor, data information of the rock mass structural surface is synchronously measured in real time by adopting a distance measuring sensor, and measurement data at equal intervals or equal time intervals are obtained according to requirements, so that a surface roughness characteristic curve of the rock mass structural surface is accurately and quickly obtained, and the measurement time is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rock mass surface profile measurement, in particular to a surface roughness measuring device for rock masses in a large size range. Background Art

[0002] The extraction of rock structure surface contour features is the key to studying the roughness coefficient of rock structure surface. Rock structure surface has shear strength size effect, and it is necessary to obtain the rock structure surface contour parameters of ultra-large range continuous size. The ultra-large range size here may be a few centimeters or tens of meters. How to extract the contour features of large-scale rock structure surface in the field with high precision is facing difficulties. China Patent Publication No. CN1810521A discloses a large-scale contour curve fixed plate, which adopts the hand-drawn structure surface method, but cannot provide high-precision support plate drawing, human operation errors are also difficult to avoid, and the data process is cumbersome; China Patent Publication No. CN114396897A provides a measuring instrument with a motor-driven screw transmission method, but there are a series of problems such as carrying equipment for large-scale samples, long-distance measurement, and positioning; there are also mobile phone measurement methods, but they are still time-consuming and labor-intensive, with low accuracy, and cumbersome data processing; when using a scanner, it is unchanged in the field and expensive. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an ultra-large range continuous size rock structure surface profile measuring instrument to achieve high-precision measurement and data storage of rock structure surface profile within an ultra-large size range for the study of rock structure surface, which is related to landslide hazards and mine mining safety. Summary of the invention

[0003] The problem solved by the utility model is how to provide a rock surface roughness measuring device which is suitable for field large rock structure surface measuring operation and has high measuring accuracy and high efficiency for continuous size measurement.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a surface roughness measuring device for rock mass in a large size range, including a support frame, a measuring guide rail is set on the support frame along the left and right directions of the rock mass structure surface, the two ends of the measuring guide rail are connected to the support frame in a lifting manner, the measuring guide rail includes a plurality of linear guide rails, the linear guide rails are detachably connected to the linear guide rails, a first slider and a second slider are slidably connected to the measuring guide rail, a wire-drawing displacement sensor is arranged on the first slider, the wire end of the wire-drawing displacement sensor is connected to the second slider, a distance measuring sensor is movably arranged on the second slider in the front and rear directions along the rock mass structure surface, and the measuring guide rails are sequentially arranged in the left and right directions along the rock mass structure surface. There are multiple positions to be measured, and each of the positions to be measured is provided with a first locking member for locking the first slider and a second locking member for locking the second slider. The first locking member and the second locking member both have a locking state for entering the sliding path of the first slider and the second slider and an unlocking state for exiting the sliding path of the first slider and the second slider. The rock structure surface profile measuring instrument also includes a controller. The wire-drawing displacement sensor and the distance measuring sensor are both connected to the controller. The first slider with the wire-drawing displacement sensor and the second slider with the distance measuring sensor are moved in sections on the measuring guide rail in sequence through the first locking member and the second locking member on the position to be measured to measure the rock structure surface, so as to obtain a continuous surface roughness measurement curve of the rock structure surface.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the utility model include: adopting a measuring guide rail structure composed of detachable combined linear guide rails to measure rock structure surfaces of different sizes and lengths, and also facilitating the carrying and assembly of the device for field operation; at the same time, when encountering the contour measurement of a rock structure surface of a larger size, through the structure of the first slider, the second slider and the first locking member and the second locking member on the position to be measured, the wire-drawing displacement sensor and the distance-measuring sensor are sequentially measured in sections on the measuring guide rail, so as to obtain an accurate surface roughness characteristic curve of the rock structure surface; and adopting the wire-drawing displacement sensor to collect the displacement data of the slider in real time and the distance-measuring sensor to synchronously measure the rock structure surface data information in real time, and obtaining the measurement data with equal spacing or equal time interval as required, so as to achieve the goal of accurately and quickly obtaining the surface roughness characteristic curve of the rock structure surface, and saving the measurement time.

[0006] Preferably, both the first locking member and the second locking member are locking blocks, the lower end of the locking block is rotatably connected to the measuring guide rail via a rotating shaft, a locking hole is provided in the middle of the locking block, a locking pin is inserted into the locking hole, when the locking block is in a vertical state, a pin hole matching the locking pin is provided at the rear side surface of the measuring guide rail corresponding to the locking hole, and the locking block is locked by inserting the locking pin into the pin hole; thereby, when measuring the rock structure surface in sections, the restriction on the first slider and the second slider can be released by rotating the locking block to enter the next measuring section; the length of the measuring section can also be adjusted by rotating the locking block.

[0007] Preferably, a blocking rod is provided on one side of the first slider and the second slider corresponding to the locking block, respectively, and the blocking rod is arranged along the front-to-back direction of the rock structure surface, and a locking slot matching the blocking rod is opened on the upper end of the locking block; when the locking block is in a locked state, the first slider or the second slider enters the locking slot through the blocking rod and is locked, so as to realize the segmented measurement of the surface roughness characteristic curve of the rock structure surface.

[0008] Preferably, the support frame includes a pair of symmetrically arranged brackets, the two brackets are symmetrically arranged along the left and right directions of the rock structure surface, the brackets include support rods and support legs, the support rods are vertically fixed on the support legs, and a plurality of gear holes are opened on the support rods from high to low, and the two ends of the measuring guide rail are respectively connected to fixed seats, and the fixed seats are fixed to the gear holes of the rock structure surface by bolts, so as to achieve the effect of adjustable height of the measuring guide rail, thereby adapting to rock structure surfaces with different undulating heights and expanding the scope of application of the device.

[0009] Preferably, a leveling mechanism is symmetrically provided on the supporting leg, and the leveling mechanism includes a leveling screw and a positioning foot. Threaded adjustment holes are symmetrically opened on the supporting leg, and the leveling screw is threaded through the threaded adjustment hole to connect the supporting leg. The bottom end of the leveling screw is connected to the positioning foot, and the positioning foot is in contact with the rock structure surface. A positioning pointer for aligning with the starting point or interval point of the rock structure surface is vertically arranged at the center of the supporting leg. The leveling mechanism has the effect of adjusting the horizontal balance of the supporting leg, and is used to compensate for the imbalance of the supporting frame caused by the ups and downs of the rock structure surface.

[0010] Preferably, the support leg is provided with a level measuring instrument for assisting the leveling mechanism, so as to assist the leveling mechanism to achieve a more precise balance adjustment effect.

[0011] Preferably, the linear guide rail is detachably connected to an adjacent linear guide rail via a connecting block, so as to facilitate assembly and disassembly of the linear guide rails.

[0012] Preferably, the upper and lower side surfaces of the measuring guide rail are respectively provided with sliding grooves along the length direction of the measuring guide rail, the first slider and the second slider are located on the front side surface of the measuring guide rail, and the rear sides of the first slider and the second slider are respectively provided with pulleys rolling along the sliding grooves corresponding to the sliding grooves. The first slider and the second slider are slidingly connected to the measuring guide rail through the pulleys and the sliding grooves, so that the first slider and the second slider can slide stably and directional on the measuring guide rail.

[0013] Preferably, the second slider is connected to a movable seat in a liftable manner, the movable seat is connected to a mounting platform which slides along the front-rear direction of the rock structure surface, each mounting platform is provided with a distance measuring sensor, the movable seat is provided with an adjusting screw rod, the adjusting screw rod is arranged along the front-rear direction of the rock structure surface, and the mounting platform is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw rod, so that the second slider can obtain multiple surface roughness characteristic curves of the rock structure surface by one movement on the measuring guide rail, thereby improving the measurement efficiency.

[0014] Preferably, the distance measuring sensor is a non-contact laser sensor or a contact rolling needle sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the second slider;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the first slider;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle locking member;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the change in the measurement working state in the measurement method of the present invention.

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Support frame; 1.1. Bracket; 1.1.1. Support rod; 1.1.2. Support leg; 2. Measuring guide rail; 2.1. Linear guide rail; 2.2. Slide groove; 3. First slider; 4. Second slider; 4.1. Track; 5. Pull-wire displacement sensor; 6. Distance sensor; 7. Position to be measured; 7A. First locking member; 7B. Second locking member; 7.1. Locking block; 7.2. Rotating shaft; 7.3. Locking pin; 7.4. Locking notch; 8. Shift hole; 9. Fixed seat; 10. Leveling mechanism; 10.1. Leveling screw; 10.2. Positioning foot; 11. Positioning pointer; 12. Level measuring instrument; 13. Connecting block; 14. Pulley; 15. Blocking rod; 16. Moving seat; 17. Adjusting screw; 18. Mounting table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1-5The surface roughness measuring device of a large-scale rock mass shown in the figure comprises a support frame 1, wherein the support frame 1 is erected on the rock structure surface of the rock mass to be measured. In this specific embodiment, the shear direction of the determined rock result surface or the fracture seepage direction is the measuring direction of the rock structure surface. In this specific embodiment, the left and right directions of the rock structure surface are consistent with the measuring direction of the rock structure surface. A measuring guide rail 2 is erected on the support frame 1 along the left and right directions of the rock structure surface. In order to adapt to the undulating heights of different rock masses to be measured, the two ends of the measuring guide rail 2 are connected to the support frame 1 in a lifting manner. In order to adapt to rock structure surfaces of different sizes and to facilitate the development of field measurement work, the measuring guide rail 2 consists of a plurality of straight The wire guide rail 2.1 is detachably assembled, and a first slider 3 and a second slider 4 are slidably connected to the measuring guide rail 2. A wire-drawing displacement sensor 5 is arranged on the first slider 3. The wire end of the wire-drawing displacement sensor 5 is connected to the second slider 4. A distance measuring sensor 6 for measuring the surface roughness of the rock structure surface is movably arranged on the second slider 4 in the front-rear direction along the rock structure surface. In order to overcome the problem that the measuring thread of the wire-drawing displacement sensor is limited, which makes it difficult to measure the large-sized rock structure surface, a plurality of positions to be measured 7 are arranged in sequence on the measuring guide rail 2 in the left-right direction along the rock structure surface, and each of the positions to be measured 7 is provided with a first locking member 7A for locking the first slider 3 and a locking member 7A for locking the first slider 3. The second locking member 7B for locking the second slider 4, the first locking member 7A and the second locking member 7B both have a locked state for entering the sliding path of the first slider 3 and the second slider 4 and an unlocked state for exiting the sliding path of the first slider 3 and the second slider 4; the distribution of the position to be measured 7 in this specific embodiment is arranged on the measuring guide rail 2 according to the length of the wire of the wire-drawing displacement sensor 5, and can also be arranged according to a preset measuring stroke, so that the wire-drawing displacement sensor 5 performs segmented measurement on the measuring guide rail 2, and then enters the next segment through the first locking member and the second locking member on the position to be measured 7 and the adjacent position to be measured 7 to obtain the surface roughness characteristic curve of the corresponding segment, and also includes a controller, The wire-type displacement sensor 5 and the distance sensor 6 are both connected to the controller. The first slider 3 with the wire-type displacement sensor 5 and the second slider 4 with the distance sensor 6 move in sections on the measuring guide rail 2 through the locking member 7. When the first slider 3 is locked by the first locking member, the second slider 4 slides. While the wire-type displacement sensor 5 collects the displacement data of the second slider 4 in real time, the distance sensor 6 on the second slider 4 collects the contour roughness data of the rock structure surface in real time to obtain the surface roughness characteristic curve of the corresponding segment; when the first slider 3 is locked by the first locking member on the adjacent position to be measured 7, the above actions are repeated to obtain continuous surface roughness measurement curves of the rock structure surface in sequence.

[0025] Regarding the specific structure of the first locking member 7A and the second locking member 7B, the first locking member 7A and the second locking member 7B are both locking blocks 7.1, the lower end of the locking block 7.1 is rotatably connected to the rear side of the measuring guide rail 2 through a rotating shaft 7.2, a locking hole is provided in the middle of the locking block 7.1, and a locking pin 7.3 is inserted into the locking hole. When the locking block 7.1 is in a vertical state, a pin hole matching the locking pin 7.3 is provided at the rear side of the measuring guide rail 2 corresponding to the locking hole, and the locking block 7.1 is locked by inserting the locking pin 7.3 into the pin hole; the first slider 3 and the second slider 4 A blocking rod 15 is provided on the upper side of the measuring guide rail 2 corresponding to the rear side thereof, and the blocking rod 15 is arranged along the front-to-rear direction of the rock structure surface, and a locking groove 7.4 matching with the blocking rod 15 is opened on the upper end of the locking block 7.1 toward one side of the first slider 3 and the second slider 4; when the locking block 7.1 locks the first slider 3 by clamping the blocking rod 15 through the locking groove 7.4, the second slider 4 slides along the measuring guide rail 2 to the adjacent locking block 7.1, and the adjacent locking block 7.1 stops the second slider 4 through the locking groove 7.4 and the blocking rod 15 of the second slider 4, so as to realize the segmented measurement of the surface roughness measurement curve of the rock structure surface.

[0026] The second slider 4 in this specific embodiment is provided with a track 4.1 in the vertical direction, and a movable seat 16 can be lifted and lowered at the track 4.1. The liftable and adjustable structure of the movable seat 16 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. The movable seat 16 is slidably connected with a mounting platform 18 in the front and rear direction of the rock structure. Each mounting platform 18 is provided with a distance measuring sensor. An adjusting screw rod 17 is mounted on the movable seat 16, and the adjusting screw rod 17 is arranged in the front and rear direction of the rock structure. The mounting platform 18 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw rod 17, so as to realize a one-time movement of the second slider 4 on the measuring guide rail 2. Multiple surface roughness characteristic curves of the rock structure surface can be obtained by moving, thereby improving the measurement efficiency; the controller of this specific embodiment includes a control cabinet, a programmable controller and an analog module, a mobile power supply, a human-computer interaction touch screen, a start-stop button, a conversion button, a quick plug-in connector and common electrical components and connectors. The programmable controller accumulates and calculates the displacement value of the wire extension state of the wire displacement sensor 4 under the set conditions, the human-computer interaction touch screen displays the current value and contour-displacement curve, the quick plug-in connector is used to connect the sensor signal line, the start-stop button and the conversion button are used to send control commands, and the mobile power supply is used for power supply.

[0027] Furthermore, the measuring guide rail 2 and the supporting frame 1 are liftably connected, specifically including: the supporting frame 1 includes a pair of symmetrically arranged brackets 1.1, the two brackets 1.1 are symmetrically arranged along the left and right directions of the rock structure surface, the bracket 1.1 includes a support rod 1.1.1 and a support leg 1.1.2, the support rod 1.1.1 is vertically fixed on the support leg 1.1.2, and a plurality of gear holes 8 are opened on the support rod 1.1.1 from high to low, and the two ends of the measuring guide rail 2 are respectively connected with a fixing seat 9, and the fixing seat 9 is fixed to the gear hole 8 of the rock structure surface by bolts, so as to achieve the effect of adjustable height of the measuring guide rail 2, thereby adapting to rock structure surfaces with different undulating heights and expanding the scope of application of the device;

[0028] At the same time, a leveling mechanism 10 is symmetrically arranged on the supporting leg 1.1.2, and the leveling mechanism 10 includes a leveling screw 10.1 and a positioning foot 10.2. Threaded adjustment holes are symmetrically opened on the supporting leg 1.1.2, and the leveling screw 10.1 is threadedly connected to the supporting leg 1.1.2 from the threaded adjustment hole. The bottom end of the leveling screw 10.1 is connected to the positioning foot 10.2, and the positioning foot 10.2 is in contact with the rock structure surface; a positioning pointer 11 for aligning with the starting point or interval point of the rock structure surface is vertically arranged at the center of the supporting leg 1.1.2, and the leveling mechanism 10 has the effect of adjusting the horizontal balance of the supporting leg 1.1.2, and is used to compensate for the imbalance of the supporting frame 1 caused by the ups and downs of the rock structure surface; and, in order to enable the leveling mechanism 10 to achieve a more precise balance adjustment effect, a level measuring instrument 12 for assisting the leveling mechanism 10 is provided on the supporting leg 1.1.2.

[0029] Furthermore, the measuring guide 2 is formed by a detachable assembly of multiple linear guides 2.1, which specifically includes: the linear guide 2.1 is detachably connected to the adjacent linear guides 2.1 through a connecting block 13, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the linear guides 2.1; more specifically, a connecting position is opened at the end of the rear side of the linear guide 2.1, and the connecting position between the linear guide 2.1 and the adjacent linear guide 2.1 is connected to a connecting block 13 by bolts.

[0030] Furthermore, the measuring guide rail 2 is slidably connected with a first slider 3 and a second slider 4, specifically comprising: the upper and lower side surfaces of the measuring guide rail 2 are respectively provided with sliding grooves 2.2 along the length direction of the measuring guide rail 2; the first slider 3 and the second slider 4 are located on the front side surface of the measuring guide rail 2; the rear sides of the first slider 3 and the second slider 4 are respectively provided with pulleys 14 rolling along the sliding grooves 2.2 corresponding to the sliding grooves 2.2; the first slider 3 and the second slider 4 are slidably connected with the measuring guide rail 2 via the pulleys 14 and the sliding grooves 2.2, so that the first slider 3 and the second slider 4 can slide stably and directional on the measuring guide rail 2.

[0031] Furthermore, the distance measuring sensor 6 is a non-contact laser sensor or a contact needle roller sensor; the appropriate distance measuring sensor 6 is selected according to different environments and rock masses to be measured; for example, the infrared distance measuring sensor 6 will affect the reflected light signal received by the non-contact laser sensor when the sunlight is strong. At this time, the contact needle roller sensor can overcome the influence of the sunlight; and the contact needle roller sensor is easily stuck when measuring the uneven rock structure surface. At this time, the non-contact laser sensor can overcome the influence of the uneven rock structure surface.

[0032] like Figure 6 The continuous measurement operation method of the rock structure surface profile measuring instrument shown:

[0033] Step 1: Determine the measurement direction, measurement starting point, spacing of the positions to be measured and the contour measurement spacing according to the rock mass structural surface of the rock mass to be measured;

[0034] Step 2, positioning and installing the support frame 1 according to the determined measurement starting point, then determining the number of linear guide rails 2.1 according to the size of the determined measurement direction and assembling them to form the measurement guide rail 2; and arranging the measurement guide rail 2 according to the measurement direction; then installing the measurement guide rail 2 at a height higher than the highest point of the rock structure surface according to the morphological characteristics of the rock structure surface, and fixing it through the support frame 1; then, setting the first locking member 7A and the second locking member 7B according to the spacing of the position to be measured 7;

[0035] Step 3, according to the contour measurement interval and the width of the rock structure surface, the number of distance measuring sensors 6 and the interval of the distance measuring sensors 6 on the moving seat are determined, and the interval of the distance measuring sensors 6 is adjusted by adjusting the interval of the mounting platform; and the wire-drawing displacement sensor 5 is arranged on the first slider 3, and the wire end of the wire-drawing displacement sensor 5 is connected to the second slider 4;

[0036] Step 4: Before measuring, Figure 6 As shown in a, the first locking member 7A and the second locking member 7B on the current position to be measured 7 and the second locking member 7B on the next adjacent position to be measured 7 are in a locked state; the first slider 3 and the second slider 4 are locked by the first locking member 7A and the second locking member 7B on the current position to be measured 7 respectively;

[0037] Step 5: When entering the measurement working state, Figure 6 As shown in b, pull out the locking pin 7.3, rotate the second locking piece 7B of the current position 7 to be measured, and put it into the unlocked state. The second slider 4 disengages from the second locking piece 7B and slides along the measuring guide rail 2 to the second locking piece 7B of the next adjacent position 7 to be measured and locks. Figure 6 As shown in c, the rock mass mechanism surface profile data collection corresponding to the measuring guide rail 2 between the adjacent positions to be measured 7 is completed;

[0038] Step 6: Pull out the locking pin 7.3, rotate the first locking member 7A of the current position to be measured 7 to make it enter the unlocked state, and the first locking member 7A on the next adjacent position to be measured 7 enters the locked state, and the first slider 3 is disengaged from the first locking member 7A and moves along the measuring guide rail 2 to the first locking member 7A on the next adjacent position to be measured 7 to be locked. Figure 6 As shown in d; repeat the operations of steps 4 to 6 until the second slider 4 slides to the position to be measured 7 at the end of the measuring guide rail 2;

[0039] Step 7: Merge the rock mass structural surface contour data collected between all adjacent positions to be measured 7 to obtain the overall contour characteristic curve of the rock mass structural surface.

[0040] Although the disclosure is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A surface roughness measuring device for a large-scale rock mass, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: A measuring guide rail (2) is provided on the support frame (1) along the left and right directions of the rock structure surface, the two ends of the measuring guide rail (2) are connected to the support frame (1) in a liftable manner, a first slider (3) and a second slider (4) are slidably connected to the measuring guide rail (2), a wire-drawing displacement sensor (5) is provided on the first slider (3), the wire end of the wire-drawing displacement sensor (5) is connected to the second slider (4), at least one distance measuring sensor (6) is movably provided on the second slider (4) in the front-rear direction along the rock structure surface, a plurality of positions to be measured (7) are arranged in sequence on the measuring guide rail (2) along the left and right directions of the rock structure surface, each of the positions to be measured (7) is provided with a first locking member (7A) for locking the first slider (3) and a locking member (7A) for locking the second slider (4). The second locking member (7B) of the second slider (4) is provided. The first locking member (7A) and the second locking member (7B) both have a locked state for entering the sliding path of the first slider (3) and the second slider (4) and an unlocked state for exiting the sliding path of the first slider (3) and the second slider (4). The rock structure surface profile measuring instrument further comprises a controller. The wire-drawing displacement sensor (5) and the distance measuring sensor (6) are both connected to the controller. The first slider (3) having the wire-drawing displacement sensor (5) and the second slider (4) having the distance measuring sensor (6) are sequentially moved in sections on the measuring guide rail (2) through the first locking member (7A) and the second locking member (7B) in the position to be measured (7) to obtain a continuous surface roughness measurement curve of the rock structure surface.

2. The surface roughness measuring device for large-scale rock mass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first locking member (7A) and the second locking member (7B) are both locking blocks ( 7.1), the lower end of the locking block (7.1) is rotatably connected to the measuring guide rail (2) via a rotating shaft (7.2), a locking hole is provided in the middle of the locking block (7.1), a locking pin shaft (7.3) is inserted into the locking hole, when the locking block (7.1) is in a vertical state, a pin hole matching the locking pin shaft (7.3) is provided on the rear side surface of the measuring guide rail (2) corresponding to the locking hole, and the locking block (7.1) is locked by inserting the locking pin shaft (7.3) into the pin hole.

3. The surface roughness measuring device for large-scale rock mass according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A blocking rod (15) is provided on one side of the first sliding block (3) and the second sliding block (4) corresponding to the locking block (7.1), respectively. The blocking rod (15) is arranged along the front-rear direction of the rock structure surface, and a locking notch (7.4) matching the blocking rod (15) is provided at the upper end of the locking block (7.1); when the locking block (7.1) is in a locked state, the first sliding block (3) or the second sliding block (4) enters the locking notch (7.4) through the blocking rod (15) and is locked.

4. The surface roughness measuring device for large-scale rock mass according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The support frame (1) comprises a pair of symmetrically arranged supports (1.1), wherein the two supports (1.1) are symmetrically arranged along the left and right directions of the rock mass structure surface, wherein the supports (1.1) comprise support rods (1.1.1) and support legs (1.1.2), wherein the support rods (1.1.1) are vertically fixed to the support legs (1.1.2), wherein the support rods (1.1.1) are provided with a plurality of gear holes (8) from high to low, and the two ends of the measuring guide rail (2) are respectively connected to fixing seats (9), wherein the fixing seats (9) are fixed to the gear holes (8) of the rock mass structure surface by bolts.

5. The surface roughness measuring device for large-scale rock mass according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The support leg (1.1.2) is symmetrically provided with a leveling mechanism (10), the leveling mechanism (10) comprising a leveling screw (10.1) and a positioning foot (10.2), the support leg (1.1.2) is symmetrically provided with threaded adjustment holes, the leveling screw (10.1) is threadedly inserted into the support leg (1.1.2) through the threaded adjustment hole, the bottom end of the leveling screw (10.1) is connected to the positioning foot (10.2), and the positioning foot (10.2) is in contact with the rock structure surface; a positioning pointer (11) for aligning with the starting point or interval point of the rock structure surface is vertically provided at the center of the support leg (1.1.2).

6. The surface roughness measuring device for large-scale rock mass according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The supporting legs (1.1.2) are provided with a level measuring instrument (12) for assisting the leveling mechanism (10).

7. The surface roughness measuring device for large-scale rock mass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The measuring guide rail (2) comprises a plurality of linear guide rails (2.1), wherein the linear guide rails (2.1) are detachably connected to adjacent linear guide rails (2.1) via a connecting block (13).

8. The surface roughness measuring device for large-scale rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower side surfaces of the measuring guide rail (2) are respectively provided with slide grooves (2.2) along the length direction of the measuring guide rail (2); the first slider (3) and the second slider (4) are located on the front side surface of the measuring guide rail (2); the rear side surfaces of the first slider (3) and the second slider (4) are respectively provided with pulleys (14) rolling along the slide grooves (2.2) corresponding to the slide grooves (2.2); the first slider (3) and the second slider (4) are slidably connected to the measuring guide rail (2) via the pulleys (14) and the slide grooves (2.2).

9. The surface roughness measuring device for large-scale rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sliding block (4) is connected to a movable seat (16) in a liftable manner, and a mounting platform (18) is connected to the movable seat (16) in a sliding manner in the front-rear direction of the rock structure surface, and each mounting platform (18) is provided with a distance measuring sensor (6). An adjusting screw rod (17) is mounted on the movable seat (16), and the adjusting screw rod (17) is arranged in the front-rear direction of the rock structure surface, and the mounting platform (18) is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw rod (17).

10. The surface roughness measuring device for large-scale rock mass according to claim 9, characterized in that: The distance measuring sensor (6) is a non-contact laser sensor or a contact rolling needle sensor.

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