Device for detecting cavity in inner wall of tunnel
By designing a device for detecting the empty cave in the inner wall of the tunnel, using the combination of tapping components, sound collection components and processors to solve the problem of detecting low and misjudging rates in existing technologies, realizing fast and efficient Empty recognition.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420340179.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-23
AI Technical Summary
The prior art has low automation level and high labor intensity when detecting the hollows of the inner wall of the tunnel lining. The detection results rely on manual experience, which can easily lead to misjudgment.
A device that includes a knocking component, sound acquisition component and processor, and sound signals generated by knocking on the inner wall of the tunnel, collecting and analyzing these signals, and using deep learning network models to judge the probability of empty holes.
The rapid and efficient identification of the empty cave in the inner wall of the tunnel, reduced the possibility of artificial misjudgment, and improved the level of detection.
Smart Images
Figure CN222420094U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel. Background Art
[0002] Tunnel lining refers to a permanent structure that supports and maintains the long-term stability and durability of the tunnel. Its functions are: to support and maintain the stability of the tunnel, to maintain the space required for train operation, to prevent weathering of the surrounding rock, and to eliminate the influence of groundwater. After the pouring of the tunnel lining, due to the overall sinking of the concrete under the action of gravity, the lining of the tunnel arch is prone to voids. The void defects reduce the safety and stability of the tunnel structure. Under the combined action of the load and external environmental factors during the operation period, it is easy to cause lining cracking, block falling and other defects, which directly endanger the driving safety. Therefore, it is necessary to promptly detect and troubleshoot the hollows in the tunnel lining.
[0003] At present, the detection of voids behind the lining of railway tunnels mainly adopts geological radar method and manual percussion method. The geological radar method is easily affected by factors such as steel bars and water. The analysis of the test results mainly relies on manual labor, which takes a long time and cannot effectively identify voids in real time. Therefore, the simple and easy manual percussion method is more often used on site to conduct a census of operating tunnels. The manual percussion method is simple and easy to operate. It usually requires setting up a scaffold in the tunnel for high-altitude operations. The inspectors need to climb to the top of the scaffold, tie a safety rope, and manually percuss the tunnel vault with a hollow drum percussion hammer. The sound feedback is used to judge whether there is a hollow drum. In practical applications, certain results have been achieved, but the automation level is low, the labor intensity is high, and the test results rely on manual experience, which is easy to lead to missed judgments and misjudgments. Therefore, intelligent detection robots have become an important means to solve the problem of tunnel lining voids. Most of the existing ones are unmanned rail vehicles with bulky and complex structures. How to detect tunnel voids more conveniently and effectively is an important topic. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel, comprising:
[0005] A knocking assembly, used for knocking on the inner wall of the tunnel to generate an audible signal;
[0006] A power supply component, used to supply power to the striking component;
[0007] A sound collection component, fixed to the front end of the knocking component, for collecting sound signals generated by knocking on the inner wall of the tunnel;
[0008] The processor is connected to the sound collection component signal, and is used to obtain the sound signal, process the sound signal, and obtain the probability of a cavity at the position of the tunnel inner wall corresponding to the sound signal according to the processing result.
[0009] Furthermore, the striking component comprises:
[0010] A static iron core connected to the power supply assembly circuit and generating magnetic force when energized;
[0011] The moving iron core is movably connected to the stationary iron core and can be attracted by the magnetic force of the stationary iron core to generate axial movement;
[0012] an elastic member, located between the static iron core and the moving iron core, and when the moving iron core is attracted by the magnetic force and moves axially, the elastic member generates an elastic force to resist the axial movement of the moving iron core, and after the magnetic force is removed, the elastic force generated by the elastic member acts on the moving iron core to reset the moving iron core;
[0013] The striker is fixedly connected to the striking end of the moving iron core and strikes the inner wall of the tunnel as the moving iron core moves axially.
[0014] Furthermore, the interior of the static iron core is hollow, the moving iron core is inserted into the static iron core, and the elastic member is inserted on the moving iron core.
[0015] Furthermore, the sound collecting component includes a bowl cover and a sound collector, both of which are fixedly connected to the static iron core, and the bowl cover is arranged around the sound collector, and the bowl cover can enclose the knocking position within the bowl cover.
[0016] Furthermore, a connecting piece is connected to one end of the static iron core close to the impact end, and the connecting piece is used to be fixedly connected to the bowl cover, and the sound collector is fixedly arranged on the connecting piece.
[0017] Furthermore, the bowl cover is a rubber bowl.
[0018] Further, the power supply component includes: a power supply and a power supply controller;
[0019] The power supply controller is connected to the static iron core circuit and is used to convert the power of the power supply into high and low level signals, and control the on and off of the magnetic force of the static iron core through the high and low level signals.
[0020] Furthermore, the processor comprises:
[0021] A processing end, which is in communication with the sound collection component and in communication with the power supply controller;
[0022] The mobile terminal is communicatively connected with the processing end, and is used to send a control command to the processing end, control the processing end to generate signal interaction with the power controller, thereby controlling the power controller to generate high and low level signals, and control the processing end to process the sound signal.
[0023] The utility model provides a device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel. The device has a simple structure and can perform functions such as knocking on the inner wall of the tunnel, collecting sound, storing sound information and analyzing the probability of cavities, and can efficiently identify whether there is a cavity at the knocking position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional assembly diagram of the device of the utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the device connection of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following is a further detailed description of a device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel proposed by the utility model in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description, the advantages and features of the utility model will be clearer. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the implementation method of the utility model. In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, please refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the structure, proportion, size, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the utility model, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect that the utility model can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the utility model.
[0028] See also Figures 1 to 3The utility model proposes a device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel. The device 1 can be used to be handheld or fixed on a mobile vehicle, and the sound generated by knocking on the inner wall of the tunnel can be used to identify whether there is a cavity at the knocking position. The device 1 includes: a knocking component 11, a sound collection component 12 and a power supply component 13; the knocking component 11 is used to knock on the inner wall of the tunnel to generate a sound signal; the sound collection component 12 is fixed to the impact end of the knocking component 1, and is used to collect the sound signal generated by knocking on the inner wall of the tunnel; the power supply component 13 is used to power the knocking component 11. The sound collection component 12 is connected to a processor 2 by signal, and the sound collection component 12 transmits the acquired sound signal to the processor 2, and the processor 2 determines the probability of the corresponding position of the inner wall of the tunnel being hollow according to the sound signal. The processor 2 uses a deep learning network model to intelligently identify the sound signal and output the probability of the inner wall of the tunnel being hollow. The processor 2 is also connected to the power supply component 13 in communication, and is used to control the power supply component 13 to power the knocking component 11.
[0029] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the device 1 comprises: a static iron core 111, a moving iron core 112, an elastic member 113 and a striker 114. The static iron core 111 is connected to the power supply assembly 13 circuit, and generates magnetic force through the power supply assembly 13; the moving iron core 112 is movably connected to the static iron core 111, and can be attracted by the magnetic force of the static iron core 111 to generate axial movement; the elastic member 113 is located between the static iron core 111 and the moving iron core 112, and when the moving iron core 112 is attracted by the magnetic force and moves axially, the elastic member 113 generates elastic force to resist the axial movement of the moving iron core, and after the magnetic force of the moving iron core 112 is withdrawn, the elastic force generated by the elastic member 113 acts on the moving iron core 112 to reset the moving iron core 112. The striker 114 is fixedly connected to the impact end of the moving iron core 112, and follows the axial movement of the moving iron core 112 to knock on the inner wall of the tunnel. The device 1 of this example is driven by magnetic force. In other examples, it can also be driven by a transmission mechanism such as a motor and a gear.
[0030] Furthermore, the interior of the static iron core 111 is hollow, and the moving iron core 112 is inserted into the static iron core 111. The inner diameter of the static iron core 111 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the moving iron core 112, so that the moving iron core 112 can move axially inside the static iron core 111. The elastic member 113 is a spring, which is inserted into the moving iron core 112. The non-impact end of the moving iron core 112 is provided with an annular stopper to prevent the spring from detaching. The outer contour of the static iron core 111 is a prism, and the outer diameter of the spring is smaller than the outer diameter of the static iron core 111. When the moving iron core 112 is attracted by the magnetic force and moves toward the static iron core 111, the spring 113 is compressed. When the magnetic force of the static iron core 111 is withdrawn, the compressed spring 113 returns to its initial state and exerts force on the moving iron core 112 to reset the moving iron core 112 in preparation for the next strike.
[0031] Furthermore, the sound collection component 12 includes a bowl cover 121 and a sound collector 122. Optionally, the sound collector 122 is a microphone. The bowl cover 121 and the sound collector 122 are both fixedly connected to the static iron core 111. The bowl cover 121 is arranged around the sound collector 122, and the bowl cover 121 is arranged around the striker 114. When the striker 114 strikes the inner wall of the tunnel, the bowl cover 121 can enclose the striking position in the bowl cover 121. The bowl cover 121 is used to isolate external noise and reduce interference generated when the microphone is recording.
[0032] Furthermore, a connector 123 is connected to one end of the static iron core 111 close to the impact end of the moving iron core 121. The connector 123 and the static iron core 111 can be connected by screws or welding. The connector 123 is used to be fixedly connected to the bowl cover 121. The sound collector 122 is also fixedly arranged on the connector 123. Optionally, the sound collector 22 can be clamped on the connector 123 by a clamp. Specifically, the bowl cover 121 is a funnel-shaped rubber bowl. The small mouth part of the bowl cover 121 is fixedly connected to the connector 123 by screws. When in use, the large mouth part of the bowl cover 121 is covered at the striking position. The striker 114 therein strikes the striking position and generates a sound signal. The sound collector 22 collects the sound signal and transmits it to the processor 2.
[0033] Furthermore, the power supply component 13 includes a power supply and a power supply controller; the power supply controller is connected to the static iron core 111 circuit, and is used to convert the power of the power supply into high and low level signals, and control the on and off of the magnetic force of the static iron core 111 through the high and low level signals. When the static iron core 111 receives a high level, magnetic force is generated, otherwise no magnetic force is generated. The power supply controller can be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit) module such as a single-chip microcomputer or Raspberry Pi, and provides high and low level signals to the static iron core 111 through the GPIO interface (General-purpose input / output) of the MCU module to control the presence or absence of its magnetic force, thereby controlling the reciprocating impact action of the moving iron core 112.
[0034] Further, the processor 2 includes a processing end 21 and a movable terminal 22, the processing end 21 is connected to the sound collection component 12 and the power controller; the movable end 22 is connected to the processing end 21, and is used to send a control command to the processing end 21, control the processing end 21 and the power controller to generate a signal interaction, thereby controlling the power controller to generate high and low level signals, and controlling the static iron core 111 to generate magnetic on and off through the high and low level signals. In addition, the processing end 21 is controlled by the movable end 22 to process the sound signal, and the probability of the inner wall of the tunnel is obtained. Optionally, the processing end 21 can be a computer equipped with a sound processing program, and the movable end 22 can be a mobile phone for remotely controlling the computer. The mobile phone and the computer can be connected by wireless communication, and communicate through the programs in the mobile phone and the computer. The MCU module is connected to the computer through the UART to USB interface, and the microphone is connected to the computer through the USB interface. When in use, the device 1 can be held or fixed on a carrier, and the striker 114 is aimed at the point to be detected. The processing end 21 is controlled by the program in the mobile phone to send a command to the power controller. The power controller sends high and low level signals to the static iron core 111, and the moving iron core 112 performs a striking action under the high and low level signals. The striker 114 strikes the inner wall of the tunnel to generate a sound signal. The microphone records the sound signal and transmits the sound signal to the processing end 21 (computer). The processing end 21 (computer) saves the sound signal in an audio format and compares the received sound signal with the audio emitted by normal knocking on the inner wall of the tunnel. If the comparison results are different, it means that there is a cavity at the corresponding knocking position, otherwise there is no cavity.
[0035] In summary, the utility model designs a device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel. The device has a simple structure and can be connected to a computer for communication to realize the functions of controlling the tapping of the inner wall of the tunnel and collecting sound. In addition, the device can be held in hand or fixed on a mobile vehicle for easy use by the user. With the help of the sound recognition of the processor, it can quickly identify whether there is a cavity at the tapping position.
[0036] Although the content of the utility model has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the utility model. After reading the above content, various modifications and substitutions of the utility model will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be limited by the attached claims.
Claims
1. A device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel, characterized in that: include: A knocking assembly, used for knocking on the inner wall of the tunnel to generate an audible signal; A power supply component, connected to the striking component circuit, and used to supply power to the striking component; A sound collection component, fixed to the front end of the knocking component, for collecting sound signals generated by knocking on the inner wall of the tunnel; The sound collection component is connected to a processor signal and transmits the acquired sound signal to the processor. The processor processes the sound signal and obtains the probability of a cavity at the position of the inner wall of the tunnel corresponding to the sound signal according to the processing result.
2. The device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knocking component comprises: A static iron core connected to the power supply assembly circuit and generating magnetic force when energized; The moving iron core is movably connected to the stationary iron core and can be attracted by the magnetic force of the stationary iron core to generate axial movement; An elastic member is located between the static iron core and the moving iron core. When the moving iron core is attracted by the magnetic force and moves axially, the elastic member generates an elastic force to resist the axial movement of the moving iron core. After the magnetic force is removed, the elastic force generated by the elastic member acts on the moving iron core to reset the moving iron core. The striker is fixedly connected to the striking end of the moving iron core and strikes the inner wall of the tunnel following the axial movement of the moving iron core.
3. The device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interior of the static iron core is hollow, the moving iron core is penetrated inside the static iron core, and the elastic member is penetrated on the moving iron core.
4. The device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sound collection component includes a bowl cover and a sound collector, both of which are fixedly connected to the static iron core. The bowl cover is arranged around the sound collector, and the bowl cover can enclose the knocking position inside the bowl cover.
5. The device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting piece is connected to one end of the static iron core close to the impact end. The connecting piece is used to be fixedly connected to the bowl cover, and the sound collector is fixedly arranged on the connecting piece.
6. The device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bowl cover is a rubber bowl.
7. The device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply component includes: a power supply and a power supply controller; The power supply controller is connected to the static iron core circuit and is used to convert the power of the power supply into high and low level signals, and control the on and off of the magnetic force of the static iron core through the high and low level signals.
8. The device for detecting cavities in the inner wall of a tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The processor comprises: A processing end, which is in communication with the sound collection component and in communication with the power supply controller; The mobile terminal is communicatively connected with the processing end, and is used to send a control command to the processing end, control the processing end to generate signal interaction with the power controller, thereby controlling the power controller to generate high and low level signals, and control the processing end to process the sound signal.