Multi-beam receiving antenna

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-beam receiving antenna, comprising an antenna unit which is configured to be connected with an amplitude-phase weighting unit and is used for receiving a multi-band radio frequency signal and sending the multi-band radio frequency signal to the amplitude-phase weighting unit; the amplitude-phase weighting unit is configured as a receiver and is used for processing the received radio frequency signal to form a plurality of beam signals with different directions; and the receiver is configured to be connected with the user side and is used for demodulating the received beam signal and then sending the demodulated beam signal to the user side. According to the utility model, M beam signals with different directions are obtained through the M amplitude-phase weighting networks of the N antenna units, then are demodulated through the respective corresponding receivers and then are sent to the M user sides, and the M users are isolated in space, so that the same time slot, frequency and code word can be provided for the M different users, thereby greatly improving the communication capacity and reducing the communication cost. And the receiving beam is narrowed, so that the anti-interference capability is enhanced, the output signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and the communication quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of communications, in particular to a multi-beam receiving antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the Internet and artificial intelligence, the electromagnetic environment in space is becoming increasingly complex, and the signal spectrum density is getting higher and higher. How to effectively utilize limited spectrum resources has become an important issue. Traditional spectrum resource management methods are mainly solved from the time domain and frequency domain, which resulted in two communication systems: time division multiple access (TDMA) and frequency division multiple access (FDMA). In view of the shortcomings of time division multiple access and frequency division multiple access, people proposed the concept of code division multiple access (CDMA), which greatly improved the utilization rate of the spectrum. Because of the relevant characteristics of pseudo-code, multiple users can communicate on the same channel without interfering with each other. However, code division multiple access not only has a near-far effect and requires complex power control, but also the spectrum width occupied by a single channel of code division multiple access is relatively wide, and the number of channels in a certain characteristic frequency band is very limited. Although the communication capacity has been greatly improved, it still cannot meet people's demand for spectrum resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the utility model proposes a multi-beam receiving antenna.

[0004] A multi-beam receiving antenna, comprising:

[0005] The antenna unit is configured to be connected to the amplitude-phase weighting unit, and is used to receive radio frequency signals of multiple frequency bands and send them to the amplitude-phase weighting unit;

[0006] An amplitude and phase weighting unit is configured to be connected to the antenna unit and the receiver respectively, and is used to process the received radio frequency signal to form a plurality of beam signals with different directions;

[0007] The receiver is configured to be connected to the amplitude and phase weighting unit and the user end respectively, and is used to demodulate the received beam signal and send it to the user end.

[0008] Based on the above, the antenna unit includes antennas of multiple frequency bands.

[0009] Based on the above, the amplitude and phase weighting unit includes a preprocessing unit, which is connected to the antenna unit and the A / D conversion unit and is used to preprocess the received radio frequency signal.

[0010] Based on the above, the amplitude and phase weighting unit includes an A / D conversion unit, which is respectively connected to the front-end analog unit and the digital down converter, and is used to perform AD conversion on the signal processed by the preprocessing unit.

[0011] Based on the above, the amplitude and phase weighting unit includes a digital down converter, which is respectively connected to the A / D conversion unit and the digital beamformer, and is used to perform digital orthogonal down conversion and sampling rate conversion processing on the signal of the target channel.

[0012] Based on the above, the amplitude and phase weighting unit includes a digital beamformer, which is connected to the digital down converter and the receiver respectively, and is used to perform complex weighted processing on the received signal and form the required multiple beam signals with different directions.

[0013] Based on the above, the receiver includes an information demodulation module, which is communicatively connected to the digital beamformer and the user end respectively, and is used to demodulate the received beam signal and send it to the user end.

[0014] Based on the above, the single-channel multi-beamformer includes a multi-channel cascaded digital down-converter, a digital beamformer and a receiver; the A / D conversion unit output is connected to multiple single-channel multi-beamformers and is used to output a multi-channel multi-beam signal.

[0015] The utility model has substantial characteristics and progress compared with the prior art. Specifically, the utility model obtains M beam signals with different directions through M amplitude-phase weighted networks of N antenna units, and then demodulates them through their respective corresponding receivers and sends them to M user terminals. Since the M users are isolated in space, the same time slot, frequency and codeword can be given to M different users, thereby greatly improving the communication capacity. In addition, since the receiving beam becomes narrower, the anti-interference ability is enhanced, the output signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and the communication quality is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a single-channel receiving antenna of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-channel receiving antenna.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the preprocessing unit of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 The utility model is a circuit structure diagram of the A / D conversion unit.

[0021] Figure 6 The utility model is a circuit structure diagram of a digital down converter.

[0022] Figures 7 to 9The utility model is a circuit structure diagram of a digital signal processor (DSP) of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-beam receiving antenna includes: an antenna unit, configured to be connected to an amplitude-phase weighting unit, for receiving radio frequency signals of multiple frequency bands and sending them to the amplitude-phase weighting unit; an amplitude-phase weighting unit, configured to be connected to the antenna unit and a receiver, respectively, for processing the received radio frequency signals to form multiple beam signals with different directions; a receiver, configured to be connected to the amplitude-phase weighting unit and a user end, respectively, for demodulating the received beam signals and sending them to the user end.

[0025] In this embodiment, the antenna unit refers to the frequency band of the antenna, that is, N antenna units refer to N frequency bands. After obtaining M beam signals with different directions through the M amplitude and phase weighted networks of the N antenna units, they are sent to their respective receivers for demodulation and processing before being sent to the M user terminals. Since the M users are isolated in space, they can be given the same time slot, frequency and codeword, thereby greatly improving the communication capacity. In addition, since the receiving beam becomes narrower, the anti-interference ability can be enhanced, the output signal-to-noise ratio can be improved, and the communication quality can be improved.

[0026] like Figure 2 The figure shows the block diagram of the single-channel receiving antenna. The RF signal sensed by the antenna is first converted into a broadband intermediate frequency signal suitable for A / D sampling by the front-end analog preprocessing unit. The broadband intermediate frequency signal is digitized by A / D and sent to the single-channel multi-beamformer (SCMBF) ( Figure 2As shown in the dashed box in the figure). The single-channel multi-beamformer includes a multi-channel cascaded digital down-converter (DDC), a digital beamformer (DBF) and an information demodulation module (DEMOD). The digital down-converter (DDC) performs digital orthogonal down-conversion and sampling rate conversion on the target signal in the broadband digital intermediate frequency (corresponding to one of the channels on the radio frequency), and converts it into a low-sampled baseband orthogonal (I / Q) digital signal that is adapted to the signal bandwidth. The N-channel I / Q baseband data is sent to M digital beamformers (DBF) at the same time. The signal processing unit (DSP processor) of the digital beamformer (DBF) completes the complex weighted processing of each signal, and finally forms the required multi-beam signal. In reality, as long as the signal processing speed is fast enough, a DBF can generate multiple synthetic beams with different directions, and beamforming is realized by a DSP processor. The information demodulation module (DEMOD) in the receiver (another DSP processor in this embodiment) demodulates the M beams formed simultaneously to achieve co-frequency space division multiplexing. In other embodiments, the information demodulation module (DEMOD) in the receiver may also select a beam with the largest signal-to-noise ratio among the M beams for demodulation to achieve directional reception.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, it is a block diagram of the composition of a multi-channel receiving antenna. The composition principle of a multi-channel receiving antenna is similar to that of a single-channel receiving antenna, except that multiple single-channel multi-beam formers SCMFB are set after the A / D conversion unit. The figure shows L single-channel digital beam formers, which can simultaneously form multiple beams for L signals of different frequencies within the intermediate frequency bandwidth, and demodulate them separately, and finally output modulated information such as data, voice, image and other information. If each single-channel multi-beam former SCMFB can form M beams respectively, then this multi-channel beam smart receiving antenna can form a total of L×M beams, and the signal frequencies corresponding to each group (a total of L groups) of beams are f1, f2, ..., fL (the L signals must be within the intermediate frequency bandwidth).

[0028] like Figure 4 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the circuit structure principle of the front-end preprocessing unit. The RF signal received by the antenna is amplified by the low noise amplifier N1 (model LAN370-60) and sent to the filter Z1 (model LFCN-160) for filtering. The filtered signal is amplified by the RF amplifier N2 (model MAR-8ASM) and mixed with the local oscillator signal in the mixer N3 (model ADE-1) to generate a broadband intermediate frequency signal. The intermediate frequency signal is filtered by the filter N10 (model LFCN-490) and amplified by the RF amplifier N11 (model SGA-4486). Finally, the RF signal is converted into a broadband intermediate frequency signal suitable for A / D sampling.

[0029] like Figure 5The figure shows the schematic diagram of the circuit structure principle of the A / D conversion unit. After the broadband intermediate frequency signal is amplified by the operational amplifier D213 (model AD8138), two positive and negative signals VIN+ and VIN- are formed at the same time. The positive and negative signals enter the high-speed A / D converter for high-speed sampling, and the A / D converter D214 (model AD9245) converts the analog signal into a digital signal.

[0030] like Figure 6 The figure shows the circuit structure principle diagram of the digital down converter. The digital down converter is D10 (model HSP50214B, with three modules D10A, D10B and D10C inside). The digital down converter performs digital orthogonal down conversion and sampling rate conversion on the target signal in the broadband digital intermediate frequency, and converts it into a baseband orthogonal (I / Q) digital signal with a low sampling rate that is suitable for the signal bandwidth. The I / Q baseband data is sent to the signal processor (DSP).

[0031] like Figure 7-Figure 9 The figure shows the circuit structure of the digital signal processor (DSP). The digital beamformer (DBF) and the information demodulation module (DEMOD) are both composed of a digital signal processor D203 (DSP processor, model TMS320C6416, which includes six modules D203A-D203F. Among them, Figure 8 The I / Q baseband data is sent to M digital beamformers (DBFs) at the same time, and beamforming operations with different directions are performed respectively, and finally the required M beams are obtained.

[0032] Digital beamforming (DBF) has high parallelism. If one digital signal processor (DSP) cannot meet the requirements, multiple DSPs can be used to implement it. The digital beamforming (DBF) processor actually completes the following matrix operations:

[0033]

[0034] Where [y0 y1…y[M-1]] is the M synthetic beam output series, [x0 x1…x[N-1]] is the N complex input series after orthogonal processing of N-channel A / D sampling data, and Wnm (m=0, 1, …, M-1; n=0, 1, …, N-1) is the complex weighting coefficient. The information demodulation module (DEMOD) either demodulates the M beams formed at the same time or selects the beam with the largest signal-to-noise ratio for demodulation. The former can realize co-frequency space division multiplexing, and the latter can realize directional reception and improve the output signal-to-noise ratio.

[0035] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A multi-beam receiving antenna, characterized in that: include: The antenna unit is configured to be connected to the amplitude-phase weighting unit, and is used to receive radio frequency signals of multiple frequency bands and send them to the amplitude-phase weighting unit; An amplitude and phase weighting unit is configured to be connected to the antenna unit and the receiver respectively, and is used to process the received radio frequency signal to form a plurality of beam signals with different directions; The receiver is configured to be connected to the amplitude and phase weighting unit and the user end respectively, and is used to demodulate the received beam signal and send it to the user end.

2. The multi-beam receiving antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna unit includes antennas for multiple frequency bands.

3. The multi-beam receiving antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude and phase weighting unit comprises a preprocessing unit, which is connected to the antenna unit and the A / D conversion unit and is used for preprocessing the received radio frequency signal.

4. The multi-beam receiving antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude and phase weighting unit comprises an A / D conversion unit, which is respectively connected to the front-end analog unit and the digital down-converter, and is used for performing AD conversion on the signal processed by the pre-processing unit.

5. The multi-beam receiving antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude and phase weighting unit comprises a digital down-converter, which is respectively connected to the A / D conversion unit and the digital beam former, and is used for performing digital orthogonal down-conversion and sampling rate conversion processing on the signal of the target channel.

6. The multi-beam receiving antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude and phase weighting unit comprises a digital beam former, which is respectively connected to the digital down-converter and the receiver, and is used for performing complex weighted processing on the received signal and forming a plurality of required beam signals with different directions.

7. The multi-beam receiving antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiver comprises an information demodulation module, which is respectively communicatively connected to the digital beam former and the user end, and is used for demodulating the received beam signal and sending it to the user end.

8. The multi-beam receiving antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The single-channel multi-beamformer comprises a multi-channel cascaded digital down-converter, a digital beamformer and a receiver; the output of the A / D conversion unit is connected to a plurality of single-channel multi-beamformers and is used to output a multi-channel multi-beam signal.

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