Experimental device based on multi-thermal process research

Abstract

The utility model provides an experimental device based on multi-thermal process research. The experimental device comprises an experimental assembly, a temperature control assembly and a ventilation assembly, the experiment assembly comprises a container used for accommodating gas; wherein the container is communicated with the ventilation assembly so as to replace gas in the container; at least part of the piston mechanism is movably embedded in the container, so that the piston mechanism reciprocates relative to the container under the action of driving force; the limiter is arranged on the inner wall surface of the container and is in movable contact with the embedded part of the piston mechanism; the vernier is positioned outside the container and is opposite to the piston mechanism so as to measure the displacement of the piston mechanism; wherein the temperature control assembly is configured to regulate and measure the real-time temperature in the container, and the ventilation assembly is configured to measure the real-time pressure in the container so as to cooperate with the experiment assembly to research at least one thermodynamic process of the gas. By means of the experimental device, experimental research of various thermodynamic processes of different gases is conveniently achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of experimental equipment, and in particular to an experimental device based on multi-thermodynamic process research. Background Art

[0002] The adiabatic index is an indicator that describes the ability of a gas to respond to heat under changes in pressure and temperature. Measuring the adiabatic index of a gas is usually used to study and evaluate the thermal characteristics and insulation performance of a gas, which is of great significance in engineering design, material research, and energy fields.

[0003] The existing solutions for measuring the adiabatic index of gases only involve obtaining measurement data in a single adiabatic process and are unable to study the various thermodynamic processes of gases. Furthermore, since the equipment is not equipped with a ventilation device, it is not possible to conveniently replace the experimental gas to achieve the measurement of the adiabatic index of different gases. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, the utility model provides an experimental device based on multi-thermodynamic process research, which can not only carry out experimental research on various thermodynamic processes of gases, but also replace the measured gas.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is:

[0006] An experimental device based on multi-thermodynamic process research includes an experimental assembly, a temperature control assembly and a ventilation assembly; wherein the experimental assembly includes:

[0007] A container for containing gas; wherein the container is connected to the gas exchange assembly to replace the gas in the container;

[0008] a piston mechanism, at least partly movably embedded in the container, so as to reciprocate relative to the container under the action of a driving force;

[0009] A stopper, arranged on the inner wall surface of the container and in active contact with the embedded part of the piston mechanism;

[0010] A cursor, located outside the container and facing the piston mechanism to measure the displacement of the piston mechanism;

[0011] Wherein, the temperature control assembly is configured to regulate and measure the real-time temperature in the container, and the ventilation assembly is configured to measure the real-time pressure in the container, so as to cooperate with the experimental assembly to study at least one thermodynamic process of the gas.

[0012] As one of the preferred solutions, the piston mechanism comprises a piston and a piston rod connected to each other, and at least part of the movement of the piston and the piston rod is located in the container;

[0013] Wherein, a slot is provided at one end of the piston rod extending out of the container, and the slot is used for engaging with the bent rod.

[0014] As one of the preferred solutions, a sealing ring is provided on the periphery where the piston contacts the container.

[0015] As one of the preferred solutions, lubricating oil is provided on the periphery of the piston in contact with the container.

[0016] As one of the preferred solutions, the temperature control assembly includes:

[0017] A heat preservation chamber wrapped around the outer circumference of the container;

[0018] A constant temperature water tank, the inlet and the outlet of which are respectively connected to the heat preservation chamber;

[0019] At least one temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature in the container and the temperature in the heat preservation chamber respectively.

[0020] As one of the preferred solutions, a surface of the piston in contact with the gas and an outer peripheral surface of the heat preservation chamber are provided with a heat preservation coating.

[0021] As one of the preferred solutions, the temperature control assembly also includes a vacuum pump connected to the insulation chamber.

[0022] As one of the preferred solutions, a water pump and a valve are provided on the pipeline connecting the constant temperature water tank and the heat preservation chamber.

[0023] As one of the preferred solutions, the water inlet and the water outlet of the heat preservation chamber communicating with the constant temperature water tank are arranged diagonally.

[0024] As one of the preferred solutions, the ventilation assembly includes:

[0025] a ventilation duct, connected to the container;

[0026] The ventilation pipeline is provided with a differential pressure transmitter, a ball valve, an air inlet and an air outlet.

[0027] As one of the preferred solutions, in the direction in which the gas volume increases, the distance between the end surface of the heat preservation cavity and the stopper is greater than 3 mm.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0029] The utility model proposes an experimental device based on the study of multiple thermodynamic processes, comprising an experimental assembly, a temperature control assembly and a ventilation assembly; wherein the experimental assembly comprises: a container for containing gas; wherein the container is connected to the ventilation assembly to replace the gas in the container; a piston mechanism, at least partially movably embedded in the container, so as to reciprocate relative to the container under the action of a driving force; a limiter, arranged on the inner wall surface of the container and in movably contact with the embedded part of the piston mechanism; a cursor, located outside the container and directly opposite to the piston mechanism, so as to measure the displacement of the piston mechanism; wherein the temperature control assembly is configured to regulate and measure the real-time temperature in the container, and the ventilation assembly is configured to measure the real-time pressure in the container, so as to cooperate with the experimental assembly to study at least one thermodynamic process of the gas.

[0030] By adopting the technical solution of the present application, the temperature, pressure, volume and other parameters in the container can be controlled and measured through the experimental assembly, temperature assembly and ventilation assembly, and the movement of the piston mechanism can be used to simulate different thermodynamic processes of the gas, such as the adiabatic process, isochoric process, and isothermal process, to achieve the measurement of the adiabatic index of the gas and the study of different thermodynamic processes, thereby providing strong support for understanding and predicting the behavior and characteristics of the gas under different conditions. At the same time, before conducting the experiment, the gas required for the experiment can be replaced or prepared through the ventilation assembly. Its flexibility and scalability make it suitable for the experimental needs of a variety of gases, and it has high research and teaching value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an experimental device based on multi-thermodynamic process research described in one embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Constant temperature water tank; 2. Water pump; 3. Crank rod; 4. Water inlet valve; 5. Piston mechanism; 6. Vernier; 7. Insulation coating; 8. Limiter; 9. O-ring; 10. Lubricating oil; 11. Insulation chamber; 12. Container; 13. Temperature sensor; 14. Vacuum pump; 15. Water outlet valve; 16. Differential pressure transmitter; 17. Ball valve; 18. Air inlet; 19. Air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The utility model shows an overall structural cross-sectional view of an experimental device based on multiple thermodynamic process research. The utility model provides an experimental device based on multiple thermodynamic process research, including an experimental assembly, a temperature control assembly and a ventilation assembly; wherein the experimental assembly includes: a container 12 for containing gas; wherein the container 12 is connected to the ventilation assembly to replace the gas in the container 12; a piston mechanism 5, at least partially embedded in the container 12, so as to reciprocate relative to the container 12 under the action of a driving force; a limiter 8, arranged on the inner wall surface of the container 12, and in active contact with the embedded part of the piston mechanism 5; a cursor 6, located outside the container 12, and facing the piston mechanism 5, so as to measure the displacement of the piston mechanism 5; wherein the temperature control assembly is configured to regulate and measure the real-time temperature in the container 12, and the ventilation assembly is configured to measure the real-time pressure in the container 12, so as to cooperate with the experimental assembly to study at least one thermodynamic process of the gas.

[0037] Specifically, the experimental device of the embodiment of the present application is mainly composed of three major assemblies. The experimental assembly can be understood as the experimental body for the entire experiment, including the container 12, the piston mechanism 5, the limiter 8 and the cursor 6. The container 12 can be understood as the part used to load the experimental gas. In the container 12, the volume of the gas can be adjusted by the piston mechanism 5 to simulate different thermodynamic processes. The container 12 is connected to the ventilation assembly to realize the replacement of the gas in the container 12, so that experiments with different gases can be conveniently carried out, thereby realizing the study of various thermodynamic processes of various gases.

[0038] In some embodiments, the gas in the container 12 can be a stable gas such as nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, a rare gas or carbon dioxide that will not react due to small changes in temperature and pressure.

[0039] The piston mechanism 5 is used to control the volume of gas in the container 12. By applying a driving force, the piston can move back and forth in the container 12, thereby changing the volume of gas in the container 12 and simulating different thermodynamic processes. Specifically, part of the piston mechanism 5 is movably embedded in the container 12, and the other part extends out of the container 12, that is, the length of the piston mechanism 5 located inside / outside the container 12 relative to the container 12 will change during the movement. When the piston mechanism 5 moves in a direction away from the container 12 under the action of the driving force, the length of the part of the piston mechanism 5 located inside the container 12 is shortened, while the length of the part of the piston mechanism 5 located outside the container 12 is increased, and at the same time, the volume of gas in the container 12 is increased. Conversely, the opposite is true.

[0040] The stopper 8 is a part used to limit the moving distance of the piston mechanism 5, and contacts the embedded part of the piston mechanism 5 to ensure that the moving distance of the piston mechanism 5 inside the container 12 is limited. Specifically, the stopper 8 is located on the inner wall surface of the container 12 in the direction away from the container 12 of the piston mechanism 5. When the piston mechanism 5 moves in the direction away from the container 12 under the action of the driving force, the volume of the gas in the container 12 increases, and the piston mechanism 5 contacts the stopper 8, thereby limiting the piston mechanism 5 from continuing to move; when the piston mechanism 5 moves in the direction close to the container 12 under the action of the driving force, the volume of the gas in the container 12 decreases, the piston mechanism 5 is out of contact with the stopper 8, and the stopper 8 is ready to contact the piston mechanism 5 next time.

[0041] In some embodiments, the limiter 8 can be at least one point-shaped protrusion located on the inner wall of the container 12, blocking the movement of the piston of the piston mechanism 5; in some embodiments, the limiter 8 can be an annular flange located on the inner wall of the container 12, that is, the periphery of the limiter 8 is in full contact with the outer edge of the piston of the piston mechanism 5, thereby improving the stability when blocking the movement of the piston mechanism 5.

[0042] Vernier 6 is a part used to measure the displacement of piston mechanism 5. By measuring the position change of vernier 6, the displacement of piston mechanism 5 can be indirectly measured, thereby obtaining the volume change of gas in container 12. In some embodiments, vernier 6 can be used independently. In some embodiments, the initial volume of the gas can be first measured by vernier 6, and the volume change of the gas can be obtained by the final volume and the initial volume. In some embodiments, the initial volume of the gas can be obtained by multiplying the surface area of ​​the piston of piston mechanism 5 by the initial pointer degree of vernier 6. In some embodiments, the position of limiter 8 is fixed. When the piston moves to the position of limiter 8, the final pointer degree of vernier 6 can be read. Since the position of limiter 8 and the surface area of ​​the piston are known before the experiment begins, the final volume of the gas can be a determined value without repeated measurement.

[0043] The temperature control assembly can be used to control and measure the real-time temperature in the container 12. Through the temperature control assembly, the temperature conditions of the gas during the experiment can be established to conduct research on isothermal and isochoric processes. The gas exchange assembly can be used to measure the real-time pressure in the container 12. Through the gas exchange assembly, the pressure changes of the gas in the container 12 can be monitored in real time, so that the experimenter can monitor and record the pressure changes, providing data support for the research of adiabatic, isothermal and isochoric processes.

[0044] As a specific explanation of this embodiment, in the adiabatic process, the system does not exchange heat with the outside world, that is, heat does not flow into or out of the system. In the case of rapid expansion, it can be approximated as an adiabatic process. According to the properties of the adiabatic process, the adiabatic index can be calculated by measuring the pressure and volume of the initial and final states of the gas. Therefore, in this embodiment, the piston can be quickly pulled to touch the stopper 8, and the gas will undergo rapid expansion, thereby achieving the conditions of the adiabatic process.

[0045] As a specific explanation of this embodiment, in the isochoric process, the volume of the system remains constant, that is, the volume does not change. In this process, the change in the internal energy of the system is equal to the work done on the outside world, because heat does not flow into or out of the system. In this case, the temperature control system is used to continuously heat the gas, so that the temperature of the gas rises slowly. Therefore, in this embodiment, the temperature measured by the temperature control system and the pressure measured by the ventilation system are read at intervals, and a pressure-temperature curve in the isochoric process can be drawn.

[0046] As a specific explanation of this embodiment, during the isothermal process, the temperature of the system remains constant, that is, the temperature does not change. In this process, the change in the internal energy of the system is mainly used to do work on the outside world, because the heat exchanged between the system and the outside world will keep the temperature unchanged. Therefore, in this embodiment, the piston can be slowly pushed to restore the original position, so that the gas has enough time to exchange heat with the outside world, thereby satisfying the conditions of the isothermal process. Through the isothermal process, the pressure measured by the ventilation system and the volume measured by the cursor 6 can be read, and the pressure-volume curve of the isothermal process can be drawn.

[0047] In this way, the experimental device can realize the study of various thermodynamic processes of gas by controlling and measuring parameters such as temperature, pressure and volume in the container 12 and coordinating the movement of the piston mechanism 5. By controlling the temperature assembly and the gas exchange assembly, different thermodynamic processes such as adiabatic process, isochoric process and isothermal process can be simulated, so as to deeply understand the behavior and characteristics of gas. At the same time, the flexibility and scalability of the experimental device make it suitable for various experimental needs and have high research and teaching value.

[0048] In a further technical solution, the piston mechanism 5 includes a connected piston and a piston rod, and at least part of the movement of the piston and the piston rod is located in the container 12; wherein, a slot is provided at one end of the piston rod extending out of the container 12, and the slot is used to engage with the curved rod 3.

[0049] In this embodiment, the piston mechanism 5 is composed of a piston and a piston rod, which are usually connected together by threads, pins or other connection methods. At least a part of the piston and the piston rod can move in the container 12, that is, the piston is always located in the container 12, and the container 12 is sealed by the piston, and the container part containing gas is formed by the surface of the piston and the inner wall surface of the container 12.

[0050] The outer edge contour of the piston matches and fits closely with the inner edge contour of the container 12. For example, when the container 12 is cylindrical, the piston is a columnar piston, and the two fit closely. The surface of the piston in contact with the gas is provided with a heat-insulating coating 7 to reduce temperature loss.

[0051] Among them, one end of the piston rod is connected to the piston, and the other end extends out of the container 12, so that the driving force acts on the piston rod, and the piston is pulled by the piston rod to reciprocate along the length direction of the container 12, thereby changing the volume of the gas in the container 12 by changing the distance between the piston and the bottom of the container 12.

[0052] It can be understood that the driving force can be human pulling or mechanical force, and the piston movement can be controlled manually / automatically.

[0053] It can be known that the length of the portion of the piston rod outside the container 12 will change during the movement, and in this embodiment, a slot is provided on the piston rod that is always outside the container 12 for subsequent connection or clamping with the crank rod 3. The crank rod 3 may be a component of a steering gear. In the isochoric process, the position of the piston rod can be automatically fixed by clamping the piston rod with the crank rod 3 to prevent the gas volume from changing during the isochoric process. In the isothermal process, the crank rod 3 can be used to slowly push the piston rod to return the piston to its initial position.

[0054] In some embodiments, a sealing ring is provided around the periphery where the piston contacts the container 12. A sealing ring is provided around the contact portion between the piston and the container 12 to prevent gas from leaking from the contact gap between the piston and the container 12. In some embodiments, the sealing ring can be made of a soft and durable material, such as rubber or silicone, to ensure that gas does not leak during the movement of the piston in the container 12.

[0055] In some other embodiments, the periphery of the piston in contact with the container 12 is provided with lubricating oil 10. The lubricating oil 10 is applied around the contact part between the piston and the container 12, which can reduce the friction between the contact part between the piston and the container 12 and make the movement of the piston in the container 12 smoother.

[0056] In some embodiments, sealing rings and lubricating oil 10 may be arranged radially from the inside to the outside in sequence to prevent gas leakage during the smooth reciprocating movement of the piston.

[0057] This embodiment is used to illustrate the temperature control assembly, which includes: an insulation chamber 11, which is wrapped around the outer periphery of the container 12; a constant temperature water tank 1, whose inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the insulation chamber 11; and at least one temperature sensor 13, which is used to measure the temperature inside the container 12 and the insulation chamber 11 respectively.

[0058] In this embodiment, the heat preservation chamber 11 can be understood as a cavity with a hollow interior to form a chamber, which is wrapped around the outer periphery of the container 12 to prevent the gas in the container 12 from being affected by the external temperature, thereby maintaining the stability of the experimental temperature. The constant temperature water tank 1 is filled with constant temperature water, and its inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the heat preservation chamber 11, so that the constant temperature water is input into the chamber in the heat preservation chamber 11 through the outlet, and flows back to the constant temperature water tank 1 from the outlet.

[0059] Specifically, the temperature in the heat preservation chamber 11 can be controlled by adjusting the water temperature. Two temperature sensors 13 can be provided, which are installed in the heat preservation chamber 11 and the container 12 respectively, so as to monitor the temperature changes in the container 12 and the heat preservation chamber 11 in real time, and adjust the constant temperature water tank 1 as needed to maintain a constant temperature.

[0060] The outlet of the thermostatic water tank 1 is connected to the water inlet of the insulation chamber 11 through a pipe, and the inlet of the thermostatic water tank 1 is connected to the water outlet of the insulation chamber 11 through a pipe, and the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged diagonally. The diagonal arrangement can reduce the dead angle in the insulation chamber 11, so that the thermostatic water fills the insulation chamber 11 and flows out from the water outlet, thereby promoting the uniform circulation of the thermostatic water in the insulation chamber 11 and helping to maintain the uniform distribution of the temperature in the insulation chamber 11.

[0061] The outer peripheral surface of the heat preservation chamber 11 is provided with a heat preservation coating 7. By covering the outer surface of the heat preservation chamber 11 with a layer of heat preservation coating 7, the temperature of the external environment is prevented from affecting the temperature inside the heat preservation chamber 11, and a stable temperature environment is maintained, thereby ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental conditions. In combination with the above embodiments, the outer surface of the piston chamber in contact with the gas can also be provided with a heat preservation coating 7.

[0062] Furthermore, the temperature control assembly also includes a vacuum pump 14 connected to the insulation chamber 11. The vacuum pump 14 can extract the air in the insulation chamber 11 to create a vacuum or low-pressure environment. Evacuating the chamber at the beginning of the experiment can eliminate the interference of the external ambient temperature on the experimental results, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the experiment.

[0063] Furthermore, a water pump 2 and a valve are provided on the pipe connecting the thermostatic water tank 1 and the insulation chamber 11. Specifically, a water pump 2 and a water inlet valve 4 are provided on the pipe connecting the outlet of the thermostatic water tank 1 and the water inlet of the insulation chamber 11, and a water pump 2 and a water outlet valve 15 are provided on the pipe connecting the inlet of the thermostatic water tank 1 and the water outlet of the insulation chamber 11. The water pump 2 is responsible for conveying / outputting water in the thermostatic water tank 1 to the insulation chamber 11. By adjusting the switching state and valve opening of the water inlet valve 4 and / or the water outlet valve 15, the speed and flow rate of conveying / outputting water by the water pump 2 can be controlled. For example, after the thermostatic water is introduced into the insulation chamber 11, it is continuously circulated through the valve and the water pump 2 to ensure the realization of the isothermal process.

[0064] In another embodiment, the ventilation assembly includes: a ventilation duct connected to the container 12; the ventilation duct is provided with a differential pressure transmitter 16, a ball valve 17, an air inlet 18 and an air outlet 19. In this embodiment, the ventilation duct is used to allow gas to enter and exit, and it can be responsible for introducing fresh gas into the container 12, or discharging the gas in the container 12 for gas replacement. The differential pressure transmitter is a device that can measure the difference in gas pressure at both ends of the differential pressure transmitter. The pressure to be measured can be obtained by the difference with the local atmospheric pressure, thereby realizing the measurement of the pressure of the gas in the container 12. The ball valve 17 can control the flow of gas, and it can be operated manually or automatically to open or close the pipeline to control the entry and exit of gas. The air inlet 18 can be connected to the gas input device to introduce new gas into the container 12, and the air outlet 19 is used to discharge the gas in the container 12.

[0065] For example, the gas to be tested can enter the container 12 for experiment through the pressure measuring port of the differential pressure transmitter 16. When other gases need to be replaced, close the inlet valve, open the outlet valve, push the piston in the direction close to the container 12, and discharge the original gas from the outlet valve; close the outlet valve, open the inlet valve, let in new gas, and at the same time pull the piston outward in the direction away from the container 12 to introduce the new gas into the container 12. Repeat the above steps three times to replace the gas in the container 12 with pure new gas. This method will not destroy the airtightness of the container 12, and since it shares a ventilation pipe with the differential pressure transmitter 16, it will not increase the complexity of the structure of the experimental device.

[0066] In some embodiments, the differential pressure transmitter 16, the ball valve 17, the gas inlet 18 and the gas outlet 19 may be arranged in sequence according to the direction in which the gas flows out.

[0067] In combination with the above embodiments, in the direction in which the gas volume increases, the distance between the end face of the insulation chamber 11 and the stopper 8 is greater than 3 mm. In this embodiment, the front projection of the insulation chamber 11 covers the stopper 8, that is, the length of the portion of the insulation chamber 11 that wraps the container 12 is at least greater than the distance from the stopper 8 in the container 12 to the bottom of the container 12. Among them, the terminal volume of the gas is the farthest moving distance with the stopper 8, therefore, in the direction in which the gas volume increases, or the direction in which the piston mechanism 5 moves away from the container 12, one end of the insulation chamber 11 extends beyond the stopper 8, and has a distance from the stopper 8, which can reduce the influence of the external ambient temperature on the gas in the container 12, thereby reducing the heat conduction of the piston to the outside.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, a limiter 8 is provided at the left end of the container 12, and the left end surface of the heat preservation chamber 11 is further to the left than the limiter 8, and preferably maintains a distance of at least 3 mm therefrom.

[0069] As a specific explanation of this embodiment, in the process of estimating the distance between the end face of the insulation chamber 11 and the stopper 8, when the end face of the insulation chamber 11 just drops to the ambient temperature, the distance between its end face and the stopper 8 can meet the experimental requirements.

[0070] An example calculation is:

[0071] The thermal conductivity of the end surface of the heat preservation cavity 11 at room temperature is about λ=16.3W / (m·K);

[0072] During the isothermal stage, hot water at 330K with a flow rate of 2.5 m / s is introduced, assuming the ambient temperature is 25°C;

[0073] The physical parameters of water at this time: λ l＝ 0.659W / (m·K), ν=0.478×10 -6 m 2 / s, Pr = 2.99;

[0074] The convective heat transfer between the constant temperature water and the insulation chamber 11 is approximately regarded as a swept plate:

[0075] Re = u*l / ν = 1046025.1, i.e., turbulent forced convection heat transfer;

[0076] Then Nu=0.0296Re 0.8 Pr 1 / 3 Substituting in, we get:

[0077] Nu=h*l / λ l =2789.2; h = Nu*λ l / l=9190.5W / (m2 K);

[0078] Then the heat exchange between hot water and the heat preservation chamber 11 is: φ = hA (t f -t w )=147.5W;

[0079] Since the intensity of natural convection of air is extremely small, if only heat conduction is considered: then φ=λ*A*□t / □x=1470.47W;

[0080] Assume that the thickness of the heat preservation chamber 11 is δ=5 mm, A=4*0.005*0.04=0.0008 mm 2 ;

[0081] When the end surface of the heat preservation chamber 11 just drops to the ambient temperature: △t≈330K-298K (ambient temperature) = 32K;

[0082] Solve for △x = 2.83 mm;

[0083] It is roughly estimated that a distance of more than 3 mm between the end face and the stopper 8 can meet the requirements.

[0084] The experimental steps of a specific embodiment of the utility model are:

[0085] 1. Experimental preparation:

[0086] S11. Before the experiment begins, open the constant temperature water tank 1 and heat it to a specified temperature;

[0087] S12, measuring the initial temperature T1 and initial pressure P1 of the carbon dioxide in the container 12 by the temperature sensor 13, and recording the original position scale reading X1;

[0088] S13. Calculate the initial volume of carbon dioxide. The initial volume can be obtained by multiplying the cross-sectional area of ​​the piston by the degree of the scale pointer.

[0089] 2. Adiabatic index measurement:

[0090] S21, open the sealing cover, drain the constant temperature water in the insulation chamber 11 into the constant temperature water tank 1, cover the sealing cover, start the vacuum pump 14, and maintain the insulation chamber 11 in a set vacuum environment;

[0091] S22, quickly pull the piston until it touches the stopper 8, and read the final temperature T2 and final pressure P2 of the carbon dioxide at this time, as well as the final volume, which is known before the experiment;

[0092] S23. Calculate the adiabatic index of the process using the adiabatic process reaction equation according to the initial pressure, initial volume, final pressure and final volume.

[0093] 3. Isovolumetric process research:

[0094] S31, turn off the vacuum pump 14, open the sealing cover, re-inject constant temperature water, cover the sealing cover, and the process of the constant temperature water continuously heating the adiabatically expanded carbon dioxide can be regarded as an isochoric process;

[0095] S32. Read the temperature and pressure of carbon dioxide every two minutes, record them on a graph, and draw an isochoric process reaction curve.

[0096] 4. Isothermal process research:

[0097] S41, when the readings of the temperature sensor 13 in the heat preservation chamber 11 and the temperature sensor 13 in the container 12 remain unchanged, the piston is slowly pushed to return to the original position according to the reading at the beginning of the experiment. This process can be regarded as an isothermal process;

[0098] S42. Record the volume and pressure of carbon dioxide at regular intervals and record them on a graph to draw an isothermal process reaction curve.

[0099] 5. Data processing:

[0100] 5. Data processing:

[0101] S51, repeat the above cycle to obtain multiple sets of data;

[0102] S52, calculating the adiabatic index of each set of data, and taking the average value as the final result;

[0103] S53. Conduct error analysis on the experimental results.

[0104] In summary, the experimental device provided by the utility model realizes the study of various thermodynamic processes of gas by controlling and measuring parameters such as temperature, pressure and volume in the container 12 and coordinating the movement of the piston mechanism 5. By controlling the temperature assembly and the gas exchange assembly, different thermodynamic processes such as adiabatic process, isochoric process, isothermal process, etc. can be simulated, and important data on the adiabatic index and other thermodynamic properties of the gas can be obtained, which helps to understand and predict the behavior of the gas under different conditions, which is very important for scientific research and engineering applications.

[0105] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0106] It should also be noted that, in this article, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Moreover, the term "include" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device.

[0107] The above is a detailed introduction to an experimental device based on multi-thermodynamic process research provided by the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present application, and the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present application, there will be different forms of changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here, and the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An experimental device based on multi-thermodynamic process research, characterized in that: It includes an experimental assembly, a temperature control assembly and a ventilation assembly; wherein the experimental assembly includes: A container for containing gas; wherein the container is connected to the gas exchange assembly to replace the gas in the container; a piston mechanism, at least partly movably embedded in the container, so as to reciprocate relative to the container under the action of a driving force; A stopper, arranged on the inner wall surface of the container and in active contact with the embedded part of the piston mechanism; A cursor, located outside the container and facing the piston mechanism to measure the displacement of the piston mechanism; Wherein, the temperature control assembly is configured to regulate and measure the real-time temperature in the container, and the ventilation assembly is configured to measure the real-time pressure in the container, so as to cooperate with the experimental assembly to study at least one thermodynamic process of the gas.

2. The experimental device based on multiple thermodynamic process research according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The piston mechanism comprises a piston and a piston rod connected to each other, and at least part of the piston and the piston rod are movable in the container; Wherein, a slot is provided at one end of the piston rod extending out of the container, and the slot is used for engaging with the bent rod.

3. The experimental device based on multi-thermodynamic process research according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The periphery of the piston in contact with the container is provided with a sealing ring and lubricating oil in sequence.

4. The experimental device based on multi-thermodynamic process research according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature control assembly comprises: A heat preservation chamber wrapped around the outer circumference of the container; A constant temperature water tank, the inlet and the outlet of which are respectively connected to the heat preservation chamber; At least one temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature in the container and the temperature in the heat preservation chamber respectively.

5. The experimental device based on multi-thermodynamic process research according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the piston in contact with the gas and the outer peripheral surface of the heat preservation chamber are provided with a heat preservation coating.

6. The experimental device based on multiple thermodynamic process research according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature control assembly also includes a vacuum pump connected to the heat preservation chamber.

7. The experimental device based on multiple thermodynamic process research according to claim 4, characterized in that: A water pump and a valve are arranged on the pipeline communicating with the constant temperature water tank and the heat preservation chamber.

8. The experimental device based on multiple thermodynamic process research according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water inlet and the water outlet of the heat preservation chamber connected to the constant temperature water tank are arranged diagonally.

9. The experimental device based on multiple thermodynamic process research according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation assembly comprises: a ventilation duct, connected to the container; The ventilation pipeline is provided with a differential pressure transmitter, a ball valve, an air inlet and an air outlet.

10. The experimental device based on multiple thermodynamic process research according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the direction in which the gas volume increases, the distance between the end surface of the heat preservation cavity and the stopper is greater than 3 mm.

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