Battery cell with anti-explosion valve and battery pack structure

By designing a battery cell structure with explosion-proof valve in the battery cell structure of lithium batteries, the problem of thermal runaway and battery pack fire caused by uneven heat dissipation or untimely heat dissipation of lithium batteries is solved, and the risk of battery pack fire caused by uncontrollable heat dissipation is effectively reduced. Improved safety.

CN222530721UActive Publication Date: 2025-02-25VISION TECH CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202421043631.7
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-05-14
Publication Date
2025-02-25
Estimated Expiration
2034-05-14

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Lithium batteries have uneven heat dissipation or timely heat dissipation, which leads to heat loss, which in turn causes the battery pack to catch fire, posing a major safety hazard.

Method used

Design a battery cell structure with explosion-proof valve, including cover plate, battery cell and shell, set up explosion-proof valve holes and explosion-proof valve bosses, and realize the battery cell structure and battery pack shell through explosion-proof valve components (explosion-proof membrane and explosion-proof plates). The tight connection of the explosion-proof valve forms a channel from the outside of the battery pack.

Benefits of technology

When the battery cell structure is thermally out of control, combustible substances are directly injected into the outside of the battery pack through an explosion-proof valve, avoiding further short circuits and heat spreads inside the battery pack, effectively avoiding the risk of thermal runaway and fire in the entire battery pack, and improving the battery Package security.

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Abstract

The utility model provides a battery cell structure with an explosion-proof valve, the battery cell structure comprises a cover plate, a battery cell and a shell, the battery cell is arranged in the shell, and the cover plate covers the end surface of the top of the shell; the cover plate comprises a top cover, an anti-explosion valve assembly and a lower plastic sheet; the top cover abuts against the lower plastic sheet. An anti-explosion valve hole penetrating through the top cover is formed in the top cover, an anti-explosion valve boss is arranged on the side, away from the lower plastic sheet, of the anti-explosion valve hole in the circumferential direction, and the anti-explosion valve hole, the anti-explosion valve boss and the top cover are integrally formed; the anti-explosion valve assembly comprises an anti-explosion pasting film and an anti-explosion piece, the anti-explosion pasting film is arranged on the end face of the end, away from the anti-explosion valve hole, of the anti-explosion valve boss, the anti-explosion piece is arranged on the side face, close to the lower plastic piece, of the anti-explosion valve hole, and the anti-explosion piece abuts against the lower plastic piece. The utility model further provides a battery pack structure. Thermal runaway of the battery pack can be avoided, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a battery core and a battery pack structure with an explosion-proof valve. Background Art

[0002] With the rise and development of new energy, the application scenarios of lithium batteries are increasing. Lithium batteries are a common rechargeable battery and have become the focus of my country's energy structure transformation. With the rapid development of lithium battery technology, lithium batteries are widely used in mobile devices and electric vehicles. However, no matter which application scenario the lithium battery is used in, it is prone to thermal runaway due to uneven or untimely heat dissipation, which makes it inevitable that the battery pack will catch fire due to thermal runaway of the lithium battery, posing a major safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention provides a battery cell and battery pack structure with an explosion-proof valve, aiming to solve the problems of uneven heat dissipation or untimely heat dissipation of existing lithium batteries leading to thermal runaway and thus causing fire of the battery pack and posing great safety hazards.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the embodiment of the utility model provides a battery cell structure with an explosion-proof valve, comprising a cover plate, a battery cell and a shell, wherein the battery cell is arranged in the shell, and the cover plate is covered on the end surface of the top of the shell; the cover plate comprises a top cover, an explosion-proof valve assembly and a lower plastic sheet; the top cover abuts against the lower plastic sheet;

[0005] The top cover is provided with an explosion-proof valve hole penetrating the top cover, and an explosion-proof valve boss is circumferentially provided on one side of the explosion-proof valve hole away from the lower plastic sheet, and the explosion-proof valve hole, the explosion-proof valve boss and the top cover are integrally formed;

[0006] The explosion-proof valve assembly includes an explosion-proof film and an explosion-proof sheet. The explosion-proof film is arranged on the end surface of the explosion-proof valve boss away from the explosion-proof valve hole. The explosion-proof sheet is arranged on the side of the explosion-proof valve hole close to the lower plastic sheet, and the explosion-proof sheet abuts against the lower plastic sheet.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the height of the explosion-proof valve boss is 3 mm to 10 mm.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, threads are arranged on the outer side surface of the explosion-proof valve boss.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the battery cell is a sodium ion battery or a lithium ion battery cell.

[0010] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack structure, comprising a housing and at least one group of battery cell modules, wherein the battery cell modules are disposed in the housing;

[0011] The battery cell module includes a plurality of battery cell structures with explosion-proof valves; a groove is provided on the end surface of the top of the shell, and a plurality of through holes are provided at the bottom of the groove, and the through holes are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the battery cell structures with explosion-proof valves;

[0012] The explosion-proof valve boss passes through the through hole and protrudes into the groove, and the explosion-proof valve boss is fixed in the groove through a fixing ring, and the fixing ring abuts against the explosion-proof valve boss and the bottom of the groove respectively.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a sealing ring is provided on the outer circumference of the bottom end of the explosion-proof valve boss, and the sealing ring is respectively in contact with the explosion-proof valve boss, the top cover and the shell. By providing the sealing ring, the shell of the battery pack can be pressed tightly against the top of the battery cell structure, thereby forming a sealed structure inside the battery pack, and the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell structure can be exposed on the shell of the battery pack.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, when threads are provided on the outer side surface of the explosion-proof valve boss, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof valve boss via threads.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the fixing ring and the explosion-proof valve boss are fixedly connected by riveting, welding or snapping.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the groove is matched with the battery cell structure with the explosion-proof valve; the through hole is matched with the explosion-proof valve boss; the height of the explosion-proof valve boss is less than the depth of the groove. In the present application, by setting the explosion-proof valve boss, the battery cell structure can be closely connected with the outer shell of the battery pack. By setting the groove on the outer shell and setting the through hole in the groove, the outer shell can be closer to the top of the battery cell, which is conducive to the fixation of the battery cell structure.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, adjacent battery core structures with explosion-proof valves are connected in series via connecting sheets.

[0018] By setting an explosion-proof valve boss on the explosion-proof valve hole, the present application can tightly connect the thread on the top of the battery cell structure with the outer shell of the battery pack when the battery cell is PACKed, forming a channel from the explosion-proof valve to the outside of the battery pack, and making the explosion-proof valve exposed outside the battery pack. When the battery cell structure has thermal runaway, the combustibles inside the battery cell structure can be directly sprayed to the outside of the battery pack through the explosion-proof valve, avoiding further short circuit and heat spread inside the battery pack, thereby effectively avoiding thermal runaway of the entire battery pack, effectively reducing the risk of the entire battery pack running out of control and catching fire, and improving the safety of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell structure with an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the top cover of the battery cell structure with an explosion-proof valve;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a top cover;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack structure according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a partial explosion structure of a battery pack structure;

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a battery pack structure;

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the battery pack structure at A. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0031] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the utility model, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the utility model.

[0032] Specifically, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, on the one hand, the embodiment of the utility model provides a battery cell structure with an explosion-proof valve, including a cover plate 10, a battery cell (not marked in the figure) and a shell 20, wherein the battery cell is arranged in the shell 20, and the cover plate 10 covers the end surface of the top of the shell 20; the cover plate 10 includes a top cover 11, an explosion-proof valve assembly 12 and a lower plastic sheet 13; the top cover 11 abuts against the lower plastic sheet 13;

[0033] The top cover 11 is provided with an explosion-proof valve hole 111 penetrating the top cover 11, and an explosion-proof valve boss 112 is circumferentially provided on one side of the explosion-proof valve hole 111 away from the lower plastic sheet 13, and the explosion-proof valve hole 111, the explosion-proof valve boss 112 and the top cover 11 are integrally formed;

[0034] The explosion-proof valve assembly 12 includes an explosion-proof film 121 and an explosion-proof sheet 122. The explosion-proof film 121 is arranged on the end surface of the explosion-proof valve boss 112 away from the explosion-proof valve hole 111. The explosion-proof sheet 122 is arranged on the side of the explosion-proof valve hole 111 close to the lower plastic sheet 13, and the explosion-proof sheet 122 abuts against the lower plastic sheet 13.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, the height of the explosion-proof valve boss 112 is 3 mm to 10 mm.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, the outer side surface of the explosion-proof valve boss 112 is provided with threads (not marked in the figure).

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the battery cell is a sodium ion battery or a lithium ion battery cell.

[0038] On the other hand, Figures 4 to 7 As shown, two groups of battery modules are taken as an example to explain the battery pack structure in detail; it can be understood that the number of battery modules can be set according to actual use needs. The embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack structure 100, including a shell 101 and two groups of battery modules 102, wherein the battery modules 102 are arranged in the shell 101;

[0039] The battery cell module 102 includes a plurality of battery cell structures 1021 with explosion-proof valves; a groove 1011 is provided on the end surface of the top of the housing 101, and a plurality of through holes 1012 are provided at the bottom of the groove 1011, and the through holes 1012 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the battery cell structures 1021 with explosion-proof valves;

[0040] The explosion-proof valve boss 112 passes through the through hole 1012 and protrudes into the groove 1011 , and the explosion-proof valve boss 112 is fixed in the groove 1011 through a fixing ring 103 , and the fixing ring 103 abuts against the explosion-proof valve boss 112 and the bottom of the groove 1011 , respectively.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, a sealing ring 104 is provided on the outer circumference of the bottom end of the explosion-proof valve boss 112, and the sealing ring 104 is respectively in contact with the explosion-proof valve boss 112, the top cover 11 and the shell 101. By providing the sealing ring 104, the shell of the battery pack can be pressed tightly on the top of the battery cell structure, thereby forming a sealed structure inside the battery pack, and the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell structure can be exposed on the shell of the battery pack.

[0042] As a preferred implementation, in this embodiment, when threads are provided on the outer side surface of the explosion-proof valve boss 112, the fixing ring 103 is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof valve boss 112 via threads.

[0043] As a preferred implementation, in other embodiments, the fixing ring 103 and the explosion-proof valve boss 112 may be fixedly connected by riveting, welding or snapping.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the groove 1011 is matched with the battery cell structure 1021 with an explosion-proof valve; the through hole 1012 is matched with the explosion-proof valve boss 112; the height of the explosion-proof valve boss 112 is less than the depth of the groove 1011. In the present application, by setting the explosion-proof valve boss, the battery cell structure can be closely connected to the outer shell of the battery pack. By setting the groove on the outer shell and setting the through hole in the groove, the outer shell can be closer to the top of the battery cell, which is conducive to the fixation of the battery cell structure.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, adjacent battery core structures 1021 with explosion-proof valves are connected in series via a connecting piece (not marked in the figure).

[0046] By setting an explosion-proof valve boss on the explosion-proof valve hole, the present application can tightly connect the thread on the top of the battery cell structure with the outer shell of the battery pack when the battery cell is PACKed, forming a channel from the explosion-proof valve to the outside of the battery pack, and making the explosion-proof valve exposed outside the battery pack. When the battery cell structure has thermal runaway, the combustibles inside the battery cell structure can be directly sprayed to the outside of the battery pack through the explosion-proof valve, avoiding further short circuit and heat spread inside the battery pack, thereby effectively avoiding thermal runaway of the entire battery pack, effectively reducing the risk of the entire battery pack running out of control and catching fire, and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "an embodiment", "example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0048] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery cell with an explosion-proof valve, characterized in that: It comprises a cover plate, a battery cell and a shell, wherein the battery cell is arranged in the shell, and the cover plate covers the end surface of the top of the shell; the cover plate comprises a top cover, an explosion-proof valve assembly and a lower plastic sheet; the top cover abuts against the lower plastic sheet; The top cover is provided with an explosion-proof valve hole penetrating the top cover, and an explosion-proof valve boss is circumferentially provided on one side of the explosion-proof valve hole away from the lower plastic sheet, and the explosion-proof valve hole, the explosion-proof valve boss and the top cover are integrally formed; The explosion-proof valve assembly includes an explosion-proof film and an explosion-proof sheet. The explosion-proof film is arranged on the end surface of the explosion-proof valve boss away from the explosion-proof valve hole. The explosion-proof sheet is arranged on the side of the explosion-proof valve hole close to the lower plastic sheet, and the explosion-proof sheet abuts against the lower plastic sheet.

2. The battery cell with explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the explosion-proof valve boss is 3 mm to 10 mm.

3. The battery cell with explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side surface of the explosion-proof valve boss is provided with threads.

4. The battery cell with explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell is a sodium ion battery or a lithium ion battery cell.

5. A battery pack structure, characterized in that: It comprises a housing and at least one group of battery modules, wherein the battery modules are arranged in the housing; The battery cell module comprises a plurality of battery cell structures with explosion-proof valves according to any one of claims 1 to 4; a groove is provided on the end surface of the top of the shell, and a plurality of through holes are provided at the bottom of the groove, and the through holes are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the battery cell structures with explosion-proof valves; The explosion-proof valve boss passes through the through hole and protrudes into the groove, and the explosion-proof valve boss is fixed in the groove through a fixing ring, and the fixing ring abuts against the explosion-proof valve boss and the bottom of the groove respectively.

6. The battery pack structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sealing ring is circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the explosion-proof valve boss, and the sealing ring is respectively in contact with the explosion-proof valve boss, the top cover and the outer shell.

7. The battery pack structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: When threads are arranged on the outer side surface of the explosion-proof valve boss, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof valve boss via threads.

8. The battery pack structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing ring is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof valve boss by riveting, welding or snapping.

9. The battery pack structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The groove is matched with the battery core structure with the explosion-proof valve; the through hole is matched with the explosion-proof valve boss; the height of the explosion-proof valve boss is less than the depth of the groove.

10. The battery pack structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Adjacent battery core structures with explosion-proof valves are connected in series via connecting sheets.