Hybrid solid-state circuit breaker

Abstract

A hybrid solid state circuit breaker is provided comprising a mechanical contactor branch, a power semiconductor branch and an energy absorber branch connected in parallel wherein the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, in particular to a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section are only intended to provide background information related to the present invention to help understand the present invention. Such background information does not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Hybrid solid-state circuit breaker (HSSCB) is an integrated solution of mechanical contactor and power semiconductor. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker combines the advantages of low conduction loss of mechanical contactor and fast triggering of power semiconductor. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker includes a mechanical contactor branch, a power semiconductor branch and an energy absorber branch connected in parallel. When a fault occurs, the current needs to be switched from the mechanical contactor branch to the power semiconductor branch, and the current switching time will affect the performance of the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on the above problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker, comprising a mechanical contactor branch, a power semiconductor branch and an energy absorber branch connected in parallel, wherein the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch.

[0005] In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is 10 times, 100 times, or 1000 times greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch.

[0006] In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch includes the inherent inductance from the circuit layout and the added additional inductance or only includes the inherent inductance from the circuit layout.

[0007] In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch includes an added additional inductance, and the added additional inductance is greater than 0 and less than 1 μH.

[0008] In one embodiment, the inherent inductance is increased by configuring the circuit topology so that the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch.

[0009] In one embodiment, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker is located between a main input terminal and a main output terminal, and the main input terminal and the main output terminal are closer to the power semiconductor than the mechanical contactor.

[0010] In one embodiment, the main input terminal and the main output terminal are directly connected to two ends of the power semiconductor in circuit layout.

[0011] In one embodiment, the mechanical contactor is a vacuum interrupter or an air circuit breaker, the power semiconductor is an insulated gate bipolar transistor, a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, an integrated gate commutated thyristor or a series and / or parallel connection thereof, and the energy absorber is a metal oxide varistor, a transient voltage suppression diode, an RC circuit consisting of a resistor and a capacitor, an RCD circuit consisting of a resistor, a capacitor and a diode or a series and / or parallel connection thereof.

[0012] In one embodiment, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker further comprises:

[0013] A mechanical contactor driver, used for driving the mechanical contactor;

[0014] A power semiconductor driver, configured to drive the power semiconductor; and

[0015] A controller is used to control the mechanical contactor driver and the power semiconductor driver based on the main current and the current zero crossing point of the mechanical contactor branch.

[0016] In one embodiment, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker further comprises:

[0017] The sensor is used to detect the main circuit current and determine the current zero-crossing point of the mechanical contactor branch. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker of the utility model greatly reduces the current switching time by increasing the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch to make it greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch. At the same time, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker of the utility model is simple in design and does not require additional active circuits and devices. It can be expanded to various hybrid solid-state circuit breakers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker is shown according to one embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A graph showing the current variation of each branch over time when the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker is disconnected.

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the utility model is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 Shows Figure 3 A graph showing the current variation of each branch over time when the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker is disconnected.

[0022] Figure 5 Shown for Figure 3 A flow chart of a control method for a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the utility model is shown, wherein the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is increased by adding additional inductance.

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to another embodiment of the utility model is shown, wherein the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is increased by designing the circuit layout.

[0025] Figure 8 The experimental results using the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker of the present invention are shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model will be further described in detail through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments given in the utility model are only for illustration and do not limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to an embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 100 is connected between the main input terminal DC+ and the main output terminal DC-, and includes a mechanical contactor branch 101, a power semiconductor branch 102, and an energy absorber branch 103 connected in parallel. The mechanical contactor branch 101 includes a mechanical contactor 104, which can be, for example, a vacuum interrupter, an air circuit breaker, or other contactors that trip the circuit through an arc voltage. The power semiconductor branch 102 includes a power semiconductor 105, which can be, for example, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), an integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT), or a combination of these devices (e.g., series and / or parallel), etc. The energy absorber branch 103 includes an energy absorber 106, which may be, for example, a metal oxide varistor (MOV), a transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS), an RC circuit consisting of a resistor and a capacitor, an RCD circuit consisting of a resistor, a capacitor and a diode, or a combination of these devices and circuits (e.g., series and / or parallel), etc.

[0028] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 The curve diagram of the current of each branch of the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker changing with time when it is disconnected. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , I line is the main current of the line where the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 100 is located, I ms is the current of the mechanical contactor branch 101, Ips is the current of the power semiconductor branch 102, and I ea is the current of the energy absorber branch 103 .

[0029] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 At time 0-t0, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker works normally, the mechanical contactor 104 is turned on, and conducts the rated current for normal operation; at time t0, a short circuit fault occurs in the main circuit, and the main circuit current I line Rapidly rises; at time t1, the current sensor on the main circuit ( Figure 1 (not shown) detects that the fault current exceeds the threshold, and the controller ( Figure 1 (not shown) sends a trip command to the mechanical contactor 104 to open the circuit; at any time before time t2 (i.e., the time when the opening starts and the arc voltage will occur), sends a connection command to the power semiconductor 105; at time t2, the mechanical contactor 104 starts to open the circuit after a delay of a period of time t1-t2; at time t2-t3, the arc voltage of the mechanical contactor 104 causes the current to commutate from the mechanical contactor branch 101 to the power semiconductor branch 102; at time t3, the current commutation is completed; at time t4, the power semiconductor 105 is turned off, the energy absorber branch 103 works, absorbs the short-circuit energy, reduces the fault current to zero, and the main circuit is disconnected.

[0030] Hybrid solid-state circuit breakers generally have two different current commutation methods. One method is a direct (natural) commutation method using a small arc voltage (such as Figure 2 As shown), the other is an indirect commutation method using passive or active auxiliary circuits. The existing indirect current commutation method is very complicated because additional auxiliary circuits or load reversing switches are required to ensure effective commutation of the fault current from the mechanical contactor branch to the power semiconductor branch, which increases system cost and reduces reliability. The direct commutation method is relatively cost-friendly and easy to design, using the inherent small arc voltage of the mechanical contactor branch when the mechanical contactor trips to commutate the fault current to the power semiconductor branch.

[0031] Since the opening speed of the mechanical contactor branch is relatively low, the peak fault current is very large. If the voltage across the power semiconductor is higher than the arc voltage of the mechanical contactor at the peak fault current, the current commutation may fail. It is generally believed that the commutation time is proportional to the peak fault current and is positively correlated with the stray inductance from the mechanical contactor branch to the power semiconductor branch, that is, the larger the fault current and the larger the commutation loop inductance, the longer the current commutation time and the greater the commutation power loss, which is harmful to the mechanical contactor. The stray inductance refers to the inherent inductance from the hardware circuit layout.

[0032] However, the inventors have found that appropriately increasing the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch (i.e., its total inductance) to make it greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch (i.e., its total inductance) will not increase the current commutation time, but will reduce the current commutation time.

[0033] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 3 As shown, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 300 is connected between the main input terminal DC+ and the main output terminal DC-, that is, connected between the node N1 and the node N2. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 300 includes a mechanical contactor branch 301, a power semiconductor branch 302, and an energy absorber branch 303 connected in parallel. Among them, the mechanical contactor branch 301 includes a mechanical contactor 304; the power semiconductor branch 302 includes a power semiconductor 305; and the energy absorber branch 303 includes an energy absorber 306.

[0034] Figure 3 The equivalent inductance Lm of the mechanical contactor branch 301, the equivalent inductance Lpe of the power semiconductor branch 302, and the main circuit equivalent inductance Lsc are also shown, wherein the equivalent inductances Lm, Lpe, and Lsc all include stray inductance. m Make it greater than the equivalent inductance L of the power semiconductor branch 302 pe , which can reduce the switching time.

[0035] Figure 4 Shows Figure 3 The curve diagram of the current of each branch of the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker changing with time when it is disconnected. Among them, I line is the main current of the line where the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 300 is located, I ms is the current of the mechanical contactor branch 301, I ps is the current of the power semiconductor branch 302, and I ea is the current of the energy absorber branch 303 .

[0036] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 At time 0-t0, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker works normally, the mechanical contactor 304 is turned on, and conducts the rated current of normal operation; at time t0, a short circuit fault occurs in the main circuit, and the main circuit current I lineRapidly rises; at time t1, the current sensor on the main circuit (not shown in the figure) detects that the fault current exceeds the threshold value, and the controller (not shown in the figure) sends a trip command to the mechanical contactor 304 to open the circuit, and sends a connection command to the power semiconductor 305; at time t2, the mechanical contactor 304 starts to open the circuit after a delay of a period of time t1-t2; at time t2-t3, the arc voltage of the mechanical contactor 304 causes the current to commutate from the mechanical contactor branch 301 to the power semiconductor branch 302; at time t3, the current commutation is completed; at time t4, the power semiconductor 305 is turned off, the energy absorber branch 303 works, absorbs the short-circuit energy, reduces the fault current to zero, and the main circuit is disconnected.

[0037] contrast Figure 4 and Figure 2 ,exist Figure 4 In the circuit, the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is increased, making the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch much greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch. The inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is large, so the rise rate of the short-circuit current of the mechanical contactor branch is higher than Figure 2 lower, forcing some of the short-circuit current to flow through the power semiconductor branches, resulting in a reduced commutation time.

[0038] On the other hand, if the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is too large, the commutation time will also increase, so the equivalent inductance needs to be appropriately selected so as not to increase the commutation time. In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is 10 times, 100 times, or 1000 times greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch. For different hybrid solid-state circuit breakers, the size of the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch usually varies. Generally, the equivalent inductance of the increased mechanical contactor branch is less than 2μH. Since the equivalent inductance of the increased mechanical contactor branch is very small, and direct current is passed through when the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker is working normally, the small inductance will not affect the normal operation of the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker.

[0039] Although in Figure 4 In the embodiment, a command to turn on the power semiconductor is sent at time t1, but the utility model is not limited thereto, as long as the power semiconductor is turned on before the arc voltage occurs. In one embodiment, the power semiconductor can be always in the on state. Since the resistance of the power semiconductor is relatively large, when there is no fault, the steady-state current is located in the mechanical contactor branch. In one embodiment, the power semiconductor is turned on when or before the fault current is detected, so that the power semiconductor branch can start to share the short-circuit current at time t1 to reduce the commutation time.

[0040] Figure 5 Shown for Figure 3 Flow chart of a control method of a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker shown. The control method includes:

[0041] Step 501: Detecting the main current I of the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker line .

[0042] Step 502: Determine whether a short circuit occurs, that is, determine whether the main circuit current I line Is it greater than the threshold current I th If it is not determined that a short circuit fault has occurred, step 501 is repeated; if it is determined that a short circuit fault has occurred, step 503 is executed.

[0043] Step 503: Open the mechanical contactor branch and turn on the power semiconductor branch before the arc voltage occurs.

[0044] Step 504: determine whether the commutation is successful. If the commutation is successful, continue to step 505. Otherwise, determine that the commutation is unsuccessful and repeat step 504.

[0045] In one embodiment, the current of the mechanical contactor branch is detected to determine whether the commutation is successful. ms If it is 0, the commutation is judged to be successful, otherwise it is judged to be unsuccessful.

[0046] In another embodiment, by detecting the main current and performing offline simulation or calculation of the commutation time, a sufficient delay time is set, after which the commutation is considered to be completed.

[0047] Step 505: Turn off the power semiconductor branch after a first delay, wherein the first delay cannot be too short to avoid the arc from reoccurring. The first delay time can be set as required or obtained through experiments, and is generally in the order of several hundred μs.

[0048] The short-circuit energy then enters the energy absorber branch and is consumed by the energy absorber branch.

[0049] In the above embodiments of the utility model, the inventors found that increasing the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch to make it greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch will not only not increase the current commutation time, but will reduce the current commutation time. Those skilled in the art can use any method known in the art to increase the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch.

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the utility model is shown, wherein an additional inductor L is added extra To increase the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch. Figure 6As shown, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 600 is connected between the main input terminal DC+ and the main output terminal DC-, that is, connected between the node N1 and the node N2. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 600 includes a mechanical contactor branch 601, a power semiconductor branch 602, and an energy absorber branch 603 connected in parallel. Among them, the mechanical contactor branch 601 includes a mechanical contactor 604, which is a vacuum interrupter VI, and its response time from triggering to establishing an arc voltage is 2ms. The power semiconductor branch 602 includes a power semiconductor 605, which is an IGBT. The energy absorber branch 603 includes an energy absorber 606, which is an MOV.

[0051] The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 600 further includes a sensor 608 connected to the main circuit for detecting the main circuit current I line ; A sensor 607 connected to the mechanical contactor branch 601 for detecting the current I of the mechanical contactor branch ms VI driver 609 for driving the mechanical contactor 604; IGBT driver 610 for driving the power semiconductor 605; controller 611 for the main current I based on the sensor 608 line and the current I from the mechanical contactor branch of sensor 607 ms , controlling the VI driver 609 and the IGBT driver 610.

[0052] The mechanical contactor branch 601 also includes an inherent inductance L connected in series with the mechanical contactor 604. ms And the additional inductance L extra The inherent inductance L ms The additional inductance L from the circuit layout of the mechanical contactor branch 601 is extra In addition to the inherent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch, the additional inductance is added. That is, the equivalent inductance L of the mechanical contactor branch m = inherent inductance L ms +Added additional inductance L extra .

[0053] In one embodiment, if the additional inductance L is added extra If it is too large, the commutation time will increase, so the additional inductance L extra It needs to be small enough so as not to increase the commutation time. In one embodiment, the additional inductance L extra Greater than 0 and less than 1μH.

[0054] Continue to refer Figure 6 and Figure 4At time 0-t0, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker works normally, the mechanical contactor 604 is turned on, and conducts the rated current of normal operation; at time t0, a short circuit fault occurs in the main circuit, and the main circuit current I line Rapidly rises; at time t1, the sensor 608 captures the fault current and sends it to the controller 611, the controller 611 determines that a fault has occurred and sends a disconnection command to the mechanical contactor 604, and sends a connection command to the power semiconductor 605; at time t2, the mechanical contactor 604 starts to open after a period of delay; at time t2-t3, the arc voltage of the mechanical contactor 604 causes the current to commutate from the mechanical contactor branch 601 to the power semiconductor branch 602; at time t3, the sensor 607 detects that the current of the mechanical contactor branch 601 is 0, and the current commutation is completed; at time t4, the power semiconductor 605 is turned off, the energy absorber branch 603 works, absorbs the short-circuit energy, reduces the fault current to zero, and the main circuit is disconnected.

[0055] Among them, during the time t1-t2, the fault current is shared between the mechanical contactor branch and the power semiconductor branch until the arc voltage is established at time t2 and the current begins to commutate.

[0056] Although two sensors 607, 608 are shown in the above embodiment, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that only one sensor can be used in actual applications to simultaneously detect the main current fault and determine the current zero-crossing point of the mechanical contactor branch. In one embodiment, only sensor 607 may be included. Since the main current only flows through the mechanical contactor branch at the beginning, sensor 607 can detect the main current fault and also detect the current zero-crossing point of the mechanical contactor branch. In one embodiment, only sensor 608 may be included, which can detect the main current fault, and sufficient delay time can be set by offline simulation or calculation of the commutation time to determine the current zero-crossing point of the mechanical contactor branch. Wherein, the controller controls the mechanical contactor driver and the power semiconductor driver based on the main current and the current zero-crossing point of the mechanical contactor branch.

[0057] In one embodiment, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker 600 further includes an auxiliary power supply (not shown) for supplying power to the driver, the controller, and the sensor.

[0058] In addition to setting the additional inductance L extra In addition, the circuit layout can be configured so that the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch, wherein the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch only includes the inherent inductance from the circuit layout.

[0059] Figure 7A schematic diagram of a hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to another embodiment of the utility model is shown, wherein the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is increased by designing the circuit layout. Figure 7 and Figure 6 The same parts are not repeated here. The difference is that, in terms of circuit layout, the main input terminal DC+ and the main output terminal DC- are closer to the power semiconductor 705 than the mechanical contactor 704. In one embodiment, the main input terminal DC+ and the main output terminal DC- are directly connected to both ends of the power semiconductor 705 in terms of circuit layout.

[0060] In the prior art, the mechanical contactor 704, as a main component of the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker, is usually designed to be closer to the main input terminal DC+ and the main output terminal DC- (such as Figure 6 ). Figure 6 In FIG. 1 , the inductance generated by the hardware circuit from node N1 to node N3 and from node N2 to node N4 is located in the power semiconductor branch. Figure 7 In the example, the inductance L generated by the hardware circuit from node N1 to node N3 and from node N2 to node N4 is layout Located in the mechanical contactor branch. Therefore, compared with the circuit layout in the prior art, Figure 7 The circuit layout in the circuit can increase the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch and reduce the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch. By controlling the circuit layout, the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch, preferably greater than 10 times the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch. In one embodiment, the inherent inductance of the power semiconductor branch is controlled to be as small as possible to avoid affecting the commutation time.

[0061] Generally, when increasing the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch, it is expected that the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch by only configuring the circuit layout to increase the inherent inductance. However, in some cases, it is not possible to achieve that the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch only by configuring the circuit layout, and in this case, additional inductance needs to be added at the same time. In another embodiment, the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch can also be increased only by adding additional inductance.

[0062] Figure 8 The experimental results using the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker of the present invention are shown. Figure 8 Curve (a) in FIG. 1 shows that, using a conventional hybrid solid-state circuit breaker, it takes 1.2 ms to switch from the mechanical contactor branch to the power semiconductor branch. Figure 8Curve (b) in FIG. 1 shows that, under the same conditions, using the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker of the present invention, it only takes 0.6 ms to switch from the mechanical contactor branch to the power semiconductor branch. In this embodiment, the switching time of the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker of the present invention is only half of that of the traditional hybrid solid-state circuit breaker, and the switching time is shorter.

[0063] The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker of the utility model uses a natural commutation method, does not require additional complex hardware circuits, and greatly reduces the commutation time by increasing the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch to make it greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch, preferably greater than 10 times the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch. At the same time, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker of the utility model is simple in design, does not require additional active circuits and devices, and can be expanded to various hybrid solid-state circuit breakers.

[0064] Although the present invention has been described through preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but also includes various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid solid-state circuit breaker, characterized in that: It comprises a mechanical contactor branch, a power semiconductor branch and an energy absorber branch connected in parallel, wherein the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch.

2. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is 10 times, 100 times or 1000 times greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch.

3. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch includes the inherent inductance from the circuit layout and the added additional inductance or only includes the inherent inductance from the circuit layout.

4. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch includes an added additional inductance, and the added additional inductance is greater than 0 and less than 1 μH.

5. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inherent inductance is increased by configuring the circuit topology so that the equivalent inductance of the mechanical contactor branch is greater than the equivalent inductance of the power semiconductor branch.

6. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker is located between a main input terminal and a main output terminal, and the main input terminal and the main output terminal are closer to the power semiconductor than the mechanical contactor.

7. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main input terminal and the main output terminal are directly connected to both ends of the power semiconductor in circuit layout.

8. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The mechanical contactor is a vacuum interrupter or an air circuit breaker, the power semiconductor is an insulated gate bipolar transistor, a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, an integrated gate commutated thyristor or a series and / or parallel connection thereof, and the energy absorber is a metal oxide varistor, a transient voltage suppression diode, an RC circuit consisting of a resistor and a capacitor, an RCD circuit consisting of a resistor, a capacitor and a diode or a series and / or parallel connection thereof.

9. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker further comprises: A mechanical contactor driver, used for driving the mechanical contactor; A power semiconductor driver, configured to drive the power semiconductor; and A controller is used to control the mechanical contactor driver and the power semiconductor driver based on the main current and the current zero crossing point of the mechanical contactor branch.

10. The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hybrid solid-state circuit breaker further comprises: Sensors are used to detect the main current and determine the current zero crossing point of the mechanical contactor branch.

Images