High-voltage box of electric automobile
By using components with different working principles in the electric vehicle high-voltage box to collect loop current and judging the abnormal current through BMS, the problem of inability to judge the normal working status of electrical parts in the prior art is solved, ensuring the functional safety and market competitiveness of the battery system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421387555.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-17
AI Technical Summary
The existing high-voltage box cannot effectively determine whether the electrical parts are in normal working state, and there are functional safety hazards.
A high-voltage box for electric vehicles is designed, using two components with different working principles to collect loop current, collect current through Hall current sensor and shunt, and transmit it to BMS through CAN signal and voltage signal to determine whether there is a current abnormality in the discharge circuit.
It ensures the functional safety of the battery system, meets the functional safety requirements of the market and exports, increases market competitiveness, and avoids the current impact of the motor controller through the pre-charge circuit.
Smart Images
Figure CN222591288U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a high-voltage box for an electric vehicle. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the safety and reliability of lithium-ion batteries are of vital importance, especially to avoid unreasonable risks and hazards caused by abnormal functions of electronic systems. In order to shorten the charging time, the voltage and current of new energy battery systems are getting higher and higher, requiring the insulation performance of battery systems and high-voltage distribution systems to be higher and higher. At the same time, the larger the current, the greater the electromagnetic interference generated, and the greater the impact on communication signals, requiring the high-voltage distribution system to have a strong ability to prevent electromagnetic interference. Traditional high-voltage boxes use an electrical component to collect loop current, and cannot determine whether the electrical component is in normal working condition, which poses a functional safety hazard. Utility Model Content
[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to address the technical problem that the current high-voltage box uses an electrical component to collect loop current, cannot determine whether the electrical component is in a normal working state, and has functional safety hazards. The utility model proposes a high-voltage box for an electric vehicle.
[0004] The utility model proposes an electric vehicle high-voltage box, which includes a box body and a BMS arranged in the box body, and a battery positive plug-in, a battery negative plug-in and a 2-core discharge plug-in are arranged on the side wall of the box body; the electric vehicle high-voltage box also includes:
[0005] A discharge positive circuit, which includes a main positive relay and a Hall current sensor arranged in a box and connected to the BMS, one end of the main positive relay is connected to the battery positive plug-in through the Hall current sensor and the other end is connected to hole 1 of the 2-core discharge plug-in; and a discharge negative circuit, which includes a shunt and a main negative relay arranged in a box and connected to the BMS, one end of the shunt is connected to the battery negative plug-in) and the other end is connected to one end of the main negative relay, and the other end of the main negative relay is connected to hole 2 of the 2-core discharge plug-in.
[0006] As a further improvement of the above solution of the utility model, the box body has a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other, the positive battery plug-in and the negative battery plug-in are both arranged on the first side wall of the box body, and the 2-core discharge plug-in is arranged on the second side wall of the box body.
[0007] As a further improvement of the above scheme of the utility model, the discharge positive circuit also includes a pre-charging circuit formed by a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging relay connected in series, and the two ends of the pre-charging circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the main positive relay.
[0008] As a further improvement of the above scheme of the utility model, two battery positive plug-ins are provided, and two Hall current sensors are also provided. One end of the two Hall current sensors are respectively connected to the two battery positive plug-ins and the other ends of the two Hall current sensors are connected to the main positive relay.
[0009] As a further improvement of the above solution of the utility model, two battery negative plug-ins are provided, and an intranet communication plug-in and a battery grounding bolt are installed on the side wall of the box body near the position of the battery negative plug-in, and the intranet communication plug-in is close to the interface at one end of the BMS.
[0010] As a further improvement of the above scheme of the utility model, three 2-core discharge plug-ins are provided, and a vehicle communication plug-in, a vehicle grounding bolt and an explosion-proof valve are installed on the side wall of the box body near the position of the 2-core discharge plug-in, and the vehicle communication plug-in is close to the interface at the other end of the BMS.
[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme of the utility model, the discharge positive circuit also includes two copper bars connected in series, the two copper bars connected in series respectively cross the two Hall current sensors, one end of the two copper bars connected in series respectively are connected to the two battery positive plug-ins and the other ends are connected to the main positive relay.
[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution of the utility model, the discharge positive circuit also includes a second series copper bar, and the main positive relay is connected to 1 hole of three 2-core discharge plug-ins through the second series copper bar.
[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution of the utility model, the negative discharge circuit also includes two copper bars three connected in series, and the shunt is respectively connected to the two battery negative plug-ins through the two copper bars three connected in series.
[0014] As a further improvement of the above solution of the utility model, the negative discharge circuit also includes four series copper bars, and the main negative relay is connected to the two holes of the three two-core discharge plug-ins through the four series copper bars.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. The utility model electric vehicle high-voltage box uses two components with different working principles to collect loop current. Two Hall current sensors collect loop current and transmit it to BMS through CAN signals. The shunt collects loop current and transmits it to BMS through voltage signals. BMS judges whether there is current abnormality in the discharge circuit by comparing the current value collected by the shunt with the sum of the current values collected by the two Hall current sensors, thereby ensuring the functional safety of the battery system, meeting the functional safety requirements of the market and export, and increasing market competitiveness.
[0017] 2. The utility model adds a pre-charging circuit to the high-voltage box of the electric vehicle, which avoids large current impact and damage to the battery and electrical parts caused by the capacitor in the motor controller at the moment of power-on, thereby protecting the battery system.
[0018] 2. The high-voltage box of the electric vehicle of the utility model is close to the plug-in of the battery end and the discharge end, and is respectively designed with a battery grounding bolt and a vehicle grounding bolt, which are respectively connected to the battery system and the vehicle at the same potential, thereby reducing the voltage between the metal casing of the electrical equipment and other metal objects and the ground when leakage or ground short circuit occurs in the electrical system, reducing the risk of electric shock caused by leakage or short circuit, and ensuring personnel safety.
[0019] 3. The utility model installs an intranet communication plug-in next to the battery end of the electric vehicle high-voltage box, which is convenient for connecting the intranet communication with the battery pack; and installs a whole vehicle communication plug-in next to the discharge end, which is convenient for connecting the whole vehicle communication plug-in with the whole vehicle end, and there will be no intersection with the battery end wiring harness.
[0020] 4. The utility model arranges the intranet communication plug-in and the whole vehicle communication plug-in of the electric vehicle high-voltage box close to the BMS, shortens the wiring distance, and keeps it away from the high-voltage wiring harness, thereby reducing the influence of high-voltage electromagnetic interference on low-voltage signal transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage box for an electric vehicle proposed in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle top view;
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Side view of
[0024] Figure 4 This is an electrical schematic diagram of a high-voltage box for an electric vehicle proposed in an embodiment of the utility model.
[0025] Figure numerals: 1. Box; 2. BMS; 3. Battery positive plug-in; 4. Battery negative plug-in; 5. 2-core discharge plug-in; 6. Main positive relay; 7. Hall current sensor; 8. Shunt; 9. Main negative relay; 10. Pre-charge resistor; 11. Pre-charge relay; 12. Intranet communication plug-in; 13. Battery grounding bolt; 14. Vehicle communication plug-in; 15. Vehicle grounding bolt; 16. Explosion-proof valve; 17. Series copper busbar one; 18. Series copper busbar two; 19. Series copper busbar three; 20. Series copper busbar four. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0027] In view of the technical problem that the current high-voltage box uses one electrical component to collect loop current, but cannot determine whether the electrical component is in normal working condition, which poses a functional safety hazard, this embodiment proposes a high-voltage box for electric vehicles, which uses two components with different working principles to collect loop current, ensures the functional safety of the battery system, meets the functional safety requirements of the market and export, and increases market competitiveness.
[0028] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 The electric vehicle high-voltage box of this embodiment includes a box body 1, a BMS2, a positive discharge circuit and a negative discharge circuit.
[0029] The top of the box body 1 is open. In this embodiment, the box body 1 is a box body 1 of a square structure. The box body 1 has two first side walls and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other. The first side wall is penetrated with a battery positive plug-in 3 and a battery negative plug-in 4 arranged side by side. An intranet communication plug-in 12 and a battery grounding bolt 13 are also installed on the first side wall on the side of the battery negative plug-in 4 away from the battery positive plug-in 3. A 2-core discharge plug-in 5 arranged side by side is penetrated and installed on the second side wall. In this embodiment, the 2-core discharge plug-in 5 is a double-core plug-in with 1 hole and 2 holes. A vehicle communication plug-in 14, a vehicle grounding bolt 15 and an explosion-proof valve 16 are also installed on the second side wall. The number of battery positive plug-in 3, battery negative plug-in 4, and 2-core discharge plug-in 5 can be reasonably designed according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the number of battery positive plug-in 3, battery negative plug-in 4, and 2-core discharge plug-in 5 is two, two, and three respectively. Of course, in its embodiment, as long as the use requirements are met, the battery positive plug-in 3, the battery negative plug-in 4, and the 2-core discharge plug-in 5 can also be other numbers.
[0030] Through the above arrangement, the plug-ins at the battery end and the discharge end of this embodiment are arranged opposite to each other, without any wiring harness crossing and insulation. In addition, the 2-core discharge plug-in 5 uses a double-core plug-in, which can reduce the installation space and facilitate quick plugging and unplugging. The plug-ins next to the battery end and the discharge end are respectively designed with a battery grounding bolt 13 and a vehicle grounding bolt 15, which are respectively connected to the battery system and the vehicle at the same potential, thereby reducing the voltage between the metal casing of the electrical equipment and other metal objects and the ground when leakage or ground short circuit occurs in the electrical system, reducing the risk of electric shock caused by leakage or short circuit, and ensuring personnel safety. The intranet communication plug-in 12 is installed next to the battery end to facilitate the connection between the intranet communication and the battery pack; the vehicle communication plug-in 14 is installed next to the discharge end to facilitate the connection between the vehicle communication plug-in 14 and the vehicle end, and there will be no crossing with the battery end wiring harness.
[0031] BMS2 is installed in the box 1, and the interface of BMS2 is arranged close to the intranet communication plug-in 12 and the vehicle communication plug-in 14. The intranet communication plug-in 12 and the vehicle communication plug-in 14 are arranged close to BMS2 to shorten the wiring distance and stay away from the high-voltage wiring harness to reduce the impact of high-voltage electromagnetic interference on low-voltage signal transmission.
[0032] The discharge positive circuit includes a main positive relay 6, two Hall current sensors 7, a pre-charging circuit, two series copper bars 17 and a series copper bar 2 18. The pre-charging circuit is formed by a pre-charging resistor 10 and a pre-charging relay 11 in series. The main positive relay 6, the two Hall current sensors 7, the pre-charging resistor 10 and the pre-charging relay 11 are all connected to the BMS2 communication. The two series copper bars 17 cross the two Hall current sensors 7 respectively. One end of the two series copper bars 17 is connected to the two battery positive plug-ins 3 respectively and the other end is connected to one end of the main positive relay 6. The other end of the main positive relay 6 is connected to the 1 hole of the three 2-core discharge plug-ins 5 through the series copper bar 2 18. The two ends of the pre-charging circuit are connected to the two ends of the main positive relay 6 respectively. The setting of the pre-charging circuit can avoid the impact of large current on the battery system and electrical components at the moment of power-on.
[0033] The negative discharge circuit includes a shunt 8, a main negative relay 9, two series copper bars 19 and a series copper bar 20. The shunt 8 and the main negative relay 9 are both connected to the BMS 2. One end of the two series copper bars 19 is connected to the two battery negative plug-ins 4 respectively, and the other end of the two series copper bars 19 is connected to one end of the shunt 8, and the other end of the shunt 8 is connected to one end of the main negative relay 9. The other end of the main negative relay 9 is connected to the two holes of the three 2-core discharge plug-ins 5 through the series copper bar 20.
[0034] The electric vehicle high-voltage box of this embodiment uses two components with different working principles to collect loop current. The shunt 8 collects the loop current and transmits it to BMS2 through a voltage signal. BMS2 compares the current value collected by the shunt 8 with the sum of the current values collected by the two Hall current sensors 7 to determine whether there is current abnormality in the discharge circuit, thereby ensuring the functional safety of the battery system.
[0035] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "mounted on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a central component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "fixed to" another component, it may be directly fixed on the other component or there may be a central component at the same time.
[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "or / and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.
[0037] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0038] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.
Claims
1. A high-voltage box for an electric vehicle, comprising a box body (1) and a BMS (2) arranged in the box body (1), characterized in that: A battery positive plug-in (3), a battery negative plug-in (4) and a 2-core discharge plug-in (5) are arranged on the side wall of the box body (1); the electric vehicle high-voltage box also includes: A discharge positive circuit, comprising a main positive relay (6) and a Hall current sensor (7) arranged in a box (1) and connected to a BMS (2), wherein one end of the main positive relay (6) is connected to a battery positive plug-in (3) via the Hall current sensor (7) and the other end is connected to a hole 1 of a two-core discharge plug-in (5); and A discharge negative circuit comprises a shunt (8) and a main negative relay (9) which are arranged in a box (1) and connected to a BMS (2); one end of the shunt (8) is connected to a battery negative plug-in (4) and the other end is connected to one end of the main negative relay (9); the other end of the main negative relay (9) is connected to two holes of a two-core discharge plug-in (5).
2. The electric vehicle high voltage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (1) has a first side wall and a second side wall which are arranged opposite to each other; the battery positive plug-in (3) and the battery negative plug-in (4) are both arranged on the first side wall of the box body (1); and the 2-core discharge plug-in (5) is arranged on the second side wall of the box body (1).
3. The electric vehicle high voltage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge positive circuit also includes a pre-charging circuit formed by a pre-charging resistor (10) and a pre-charging relay (11) connected in series, and two ends of the pre-charging circuit are respectively connected to two ends of the main positive relay (6).
4. The electric vehicle high voltage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two battery positive plug-ins (3) are provided, and two Hall current sensors (7) are also provided. One end of the two Hall current sensors (7) is respectively connected to the two battery positive plug-ins (3) and the other end of the two Hall current sensors (7) is connected to the main positive relay (6).
5. The electric vehicle high voltage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two battery negative plug-ins (4) are provided, and an intranet communication plug-in (12) and a battery grounding bolt (13) are installed on the side wall of the box body (1) near the battery negative plug-in (4), and the intranet communication plug-in (12) is close to the interface at one end of the BMS (2).
6. The electric vehicle high voltage box according to claim 5, characterized in that: Three 2-core discharge plug-ins (5) are provided, and a vehicle communication plug-in (14), a vehicle grounding bolt (15) and an explosion-proof valve (16) are installed on the side wall of the box body (1) near the 2-core discharge plug-in (5), and the vehicle communication plug-in (14) is close to the interface at the other end of the BMS (2).
7. The electric vehicle high voltage box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge positive circuit also includes two series-connected copper bars (17), the two series-connected copper bars (17) respectively cross the two Hall current sensors (7), one end of the two series-connected copper bars (17) is respectively connected to the two battery positive plug-ins (3) and the other end is connected to the main positive relay (6).
8. The electric vehicle high voltage box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge positive circuit also includes a second copper bar (18) connected in series, and the main positive relay (6) is connected to one hole of three 2-core discharge plug-ins (5) via the second copper bar (18) connected in series.
9. The electric vehicle high voltage box according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharge negative circuit also includes two copper bars (19) connected in series, and the shunt (8) is respectively connected to the two battery negative plug-ins (4) through the two copper bars (19) connected in series.
10. The electric vehicle high voltage box according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharge negative circuit also includes a fourth copper bar (20) connected in series, and the main negative relay (9) is connected to the two holes of the three two-core discharge plug-ins (5) via the fourth copper bar (20) connected in series.